docs: expand macOS VM guide (#1693 ) (thanks @f-trycua)

docs: add macOS VM (Lume) platform guide
Add documentation for running Clawdbot in a sandboxed macOS VM using Lume. This provides an alternative to buying dedicated hardware or using cloud instances. The guide covers: - Installing Lume on Apple Silicon Macs - Creating and configuring a macOS VM - Installing Clawdbot inside the VM - Running headlessly for 24/7 operation - iMessage integration via BlueBubbles - Saving golden images for easy reset
2026-06-15 10:38:52 +08:00 · 2026-01-25 05:13:51 +00:00 · 2026-01-25 05:07:31 +00:00
55 changed files with 241 additions and 1552 deletions
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ Docs: https://docs.clawd.bot
 - Docs: add Bedrock EC2 instance role setup + IAM steps. (#1625) Thanks @sergical. https://docs.clawd.bot/bedrock
 - Exec approvals: forward approval prompts to chat with `/approve` for all channels (including plugins). (#1621) Thanks @czekaj. https://docs.clawd.bot/tools/exec-approvals https://docs.clawd.bot/tools/slash-commands
 - Gateway: expose config.patch in the gateway tool with safe partial updates + restart sentinel. (#1653) Thanks @Glucksberg.
- Telegram: add `channels.telegram.linkPreview` to toggle outbound link previews. (#1700) Thanks @zerone0x. https://docs.clawd.bot/channels/telegram
 - Telegram: treat DM topics as separate sessions and keep DM history limits stable with thread suffixes. (#1597) Thanks @rohannagpal.
 - Telegram: add verbose raw-update logging for inbound Telegram updates. (#1597) Thanks @rohannagpal.

@@ -27,8 +26,6 @@ Docs: https://docs.clawd.bot
 - BlueBubbles: keep part-index GUIDs in reply tags when short IDs are missing.
 - Web UI: hide internal `message_id` hints in chat bubbles.
 - Web UI: show Stop button during active runs, swap back to New session when idle. (#1664) Thanks @ndbroadbent.
- Web UI: clear stale disconnect banners on reconnect; allow form saves with unsupported schema paths but block missing schema. (#1707) Thanks @Glucksberg.
- Auto-reply: don't treat `/models` as a `/model` directive. (#1753) Thanks @uos-status.
 - Heartbeat: normalize target identifiers for consistent routing.
 - TUI: reload history after gateway reconnect to restore session state. (#1663)
 - Telegram: use wrapped fetch for long-polling on Node to normalize AbortSignal handling. (#1639)
@@ -42,8 +39,6 @@ Docs: https://docs.clawd.bot
 - Gateway: skip Tailscale DNS probing when tailscale.mode is off. (#1671)
 - Gateway: reduce log noise for late invokes + remote node probes; debounce skills refresh. (#1607) Thanks @petter-b.
 - Gateway: clarify Control UI/WebChat auth error hints for missing tokens. (#1690)
- Gateway: listen on IPv6 loopback when bound to 127.0.0.1 so localhost webhooks work.
- Gateway: store lock files in the temp directory to avoid stale locks on persistent volumes. (#1676)
 - macOS: default direct-transport `ws://` URLs to port 18789; document `gateway.remote.transport`. (#1603) Thanks @ngutman.
 - Voice Call: return stream TwiML for outbound conversation calls on initial Twilio webhook. (#1634)
 - Google Chat: tighten email allowlist matching, typing cleanup, media caps, and onboarding/docs/tests. (#1635) Thanks @iHildy.
--- a/docs/channels/grammy.md
+++ b/docs/channels/grammy.md
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ read_when:
 - **Proxy:** optional `channels.telegram.proxy` uses `undici.ProxyAgent` through grammY’s `client.baseFetch`.
 - **Webhook support:** `webhook-set.ts` wraps `setWebhook/deleteWebhook`; `webhook.ts` hosts the callback with health + graceful shutdown. Gateway enables webhook mode when `channels.telegram.webhookUrl` is set (otherwise it long-polls).
 - **Sessions:** direct chats collapse into the agent main session (`agent:<agentId>:<mainKey>`); groups use `agent:<agentId>:telegram:group:<chatId>`; replies route back to the same channel.
- **Config knobs:** `channels.telegram.botToken`, `channels.telegram.dmPolicy`, `channels.telegram.groups` (allowlist + mention defaults), `channels.telegram.allowFrom`, `channels.telegram.groupAllowFrom`, `channels.telegram.groupPolicy`, `channels.telegram.mediaMaxMb`, `channels.telegram.linkPreview`, `channels.telegram.proxy`, `channels.telegram.webhookSecret`, `channels.telegram.webhookUrl`.
+- **Config knobs:** `channels.telegram.botToken`, `channels.telegram.dmPolicy`, `channels.telegram.groups` (allowlist + mention defaults), `channels.telegram.allowFrom`, `channels.telegram.groupAllowFrom`, `channels.telegram.groupPolicy`, `channels.telegram.mediaMaxMb`, `channels.telegram.proxy`, `channels.telegram.webhookSecret`, `channels.telegram.webhookUrl`.
 - **Draft streaming:** optional `channels.telegram.streamMode` uses `sendMessageDraft` in private topic chats (Bot API 9.3+). This is separate from channel block streaming.
 - **Tests:** grammy mocks cover DM + group mention gating and outbound send; more media/webhook fixtures still welcome.

--- a/docs/channels/telegram.md
+++ b/docs/channels/telegram.md
@@ -525,7 +525,6 @@ Provider options:
 - `channels.telegram.replyToMode`: `off | first | all` (default: `first`).
 - `channels.telegram.textChunkLimit`: outbound chunk size (chars).
 - `channels.telegram.chunkMode`: `length` (default) or `newline` to split on newlines before length chunking.
- `channels.telegram.linkPreview`: toggle link previews for outbound messages (default: true).
 - `channels.telegram.streamMode`: `off | partial | block` (draft streaming).
 - `channels.telegram.mediaMaxMb`: inbound/outbound media cap (MB).
 - `channels.telegram.retry`: retry policy for outbound Telegram API calls (attempts, minDelayMs, maxDelayMs, jitter).
--- a/docs/concepts/model-providers.md
+++ b/docs/concepts/model-providers.md
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ Clawdbot ships with the pi‑ai catalog. These providers require **no**
 - Gemini CLI OAuth is shipped as a bundled plugin (`google-gemini-cli-auth`, disabled by default).
  - Enable: `clawdbot plugins enable google-gemini-cli-auth`
  - Login: `clawdbot models auth login --provider google-gemini-cli --set-default`
-  - Note: you do **not** paste a client id or secret into `clawdbot.json`. The CLI login flow stores
-    tokens in auth profiles on the gateway host.

 ### Z.AI (GLM)

--- a/docs/gateway/configuration.md
+++ b/docs/gateway/configuration.md
@@ -1021,7 +1021,6 @@ Set `channels.telegram.configWrites: false` to block Telegram-initiated config w
      ],
      historyLimit: 50,                     // include last N group messages as context (0 disables)
      replyToMode: "first",                 // off | first | all
-      linkPreview: true,                   // toggle outbound link previews
      streamMode: "partial",               // off | partial | block (draft streaming; separate from block streaming)
      draftChunk: {                        // optional; only for streamMode=block
        minChars: 200,
--- a/docs/help/faq.md
+++ b/docs/help/faq.md
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ Quick answers plus deeper troubleshooting for real-world setups (local dev, VPS,
  - [How do I try the latest bits?](#how-do-i-try-the-latest-bits)
  - [How long does install and onboarding usually take?](#how-long-does-install-and-onboarding-usually-take)
  - [Installer stuck? How do I get more feedback?](#installer-stuck-how-do-i-get-more-feedback)
-  - [Windows install says git not found or clawdbot not recognized](#windows-install-says-git-not-found-or-clawdbot-not-recognized)
  - [The docs didn’t answer my question - how do I get a better answer?](#the-docs-didnt-answer-my-question-how-do-i-get-a-better-answer)
  - [How do I install Clawdbot on Linux?](#how-do-i-install-clawdbot-on-linux)
  - [How do I install Clawdbot on a VPS?](#how-do-i-install-clawdbot-on-a-vps)
@@ -32,7 +31,6 @@ Quick answers plus deeper troubleshooting for real-world setups (local dev, VPS,
  - [Can I ask Clawd to update itself?](#can-i-ask-clawd-to-update-itself)
  - [What does the onboarding wizard actually do?](#what-does-the-onboarding-wizard-actually-do)
  - [Do I need a Claude or OpenAI subscription to run this?](#do-i-need-a-claude-or-openai-subscription-to-run-this)
-  - [Can I use Claude Max subscription without an API key](#can-i-use-claude-max-subscription-without-an-api-key)
  - [How does Anthropic "setup-token" auth work?](#how-does-anthropic-setuptoken-auth-work)
  - [Where do I find an Anthropic setup-token?](#where-do-i-find-an-anthropic-setuptoken)
  - [Do you support Claude subscription auth (Claude Code OAuth)?](#do-you-support-claude-subscription-auth-claude-code-oauth)
@@ -40,7 +38,6 @@ Quick answers plus deeper troubleshooting for real-world setups (local dev, VPS,
  - [Is AWS Bedrock supported?](#is-aws-bedrock-supported)
  - [How does Codex auth work?](#how-does-codex-auth-work)
  - [Do you support OpenAI subscription auth (Codex OAuth)?](#do-you-support-openai-subscription-auth-codex-oauth)
-  - [How do I set up Gemini CLI OAuth](#how-do-i-set-up-gemini-cli-oauth)
  - [Is a local model OK for casual chats?](#is-a-local-model-ok-for-casual-chats)
  - [How do I keep hosted model traffic in a specific region?](#how-do-i-keep-hosted-model-traffic-in-a-specific-region)
  - [Do I have to buy a Mac Mini to install this?](#do-i-have-to-buy-a-mac-mini-to-install-this)
@@ -56,13 +53,9 @@ Quick answers plus deeper troubleshooting for real-world setups (local dev, VPS,
  - [Should I run the Gateway on my laptop or a VPS?](#should-i-run-the-gateway-on-my-laptop-or-a-vps)
  - [How important is it to run Clawdbot on a dedicated machine?](#how-important-is-it-to-run-clawdbot-on-a-dedicated-machine)
  - [What are the minimum VPS requirements and recommended OS?](#what-are-the-minimum-vps-requirements-and-recommended-os)
-  - [Can I run Clawdbot in a VM and what are the requirements](#can-i-run-clawdbot-in-a-vm-and-what-are-the-requirements)
 - [What is Clawdbot?](#what-is-clawdbot)
  - [What is Clawdbot, in one paragraph?](#what-is-clawdbot-in-one-paragraph)
  - [What’s the value proposition?](#whats-the-value-proposition)
-  - [I just set it up what should I do first](#i-just-set-it-up-what-should-i-do-first)
-  - [What are the top five everyday use cases for Clawdbot](#what-are-the-top-five-everyday-use-cases-for-clawdbot)
-  - [Can Clawdbot help with lead gen outreach ads and blogs for a SaaS](#can-clawdbot-help-with-lead-gen-outreach-ads-and-blogs-for-a-saas)
  - [What are the advantages vs Claude Code for web development?](#what-are-the-advantages-vs-claude-code-for-web-development)
 - [Skills and automation](#skills-and-automation)
  - [How do I customize skills without keeping the repo dirty?](#how-do-i-customize-skills-without-keeping-the-repo-dirty)
@@ -181,12 +174,10 @@ Quick answers plus deeper troubleshooting for real-world setups (local dev, VPS,
  - [Is it safe to expose Clawdbot to inbound DMs?](#is-it-safe-to-expose-clawdbot-to-inbound-dms)
  - [Is prompt injection only a concern for public bots?](#is-prompt-injection-only-a-concern-for-public-bots)
  - [Should my bot have its own email GitHub account or phone number](#should-my-bot-have-its-own-email-github-account-or-phone-number)
-  - [Can I give it autonomy over my text messages and is that safe](#can-i-give-it-autonomy-over-my-text-messages-and-is-that-safe)
  - [Can I use cheaper models for personal assistant tasks?](#can-i-use-cheaper-models-for-personal-assistant-tasks)
  - [I ran `/start` in Telegram but didn’t get a pairing code](#i-ran-start-in-telegram-but-didnt-get-a-pairing-code)
  - [WhatsApp: will it message my contacts? How does pairing work?](#whatsapp-will-it-message-my-contacts-how-does-pairing-work)
 - [Chat commands, aborting tasks, and “it won’t stop”](#chat-commands-aborting-tasks-and-it-wont-stop)
-  - [How do I stop internal system messages from showing in chat](#how-do-i-stop-internal-system-messages-from-showing-in-chat)
  - [How do I stop/cancel a running task?](#how-do-i-stopcancel-a-running-task)
  - [How do I send a Discord message from Telegram? (“Cross-context messaging denied”)](#how-do-i-send-a-discord-message-from-telegram-crosscontext-messaging-denied)
  - [Why does it feel like the bot “ignores” rapid‑fire messages?](#why-does-it-feel-like-the-bot-ignores-rapidfire-messages)
@@ -337,7 +328,7 @@ Node **>= 22** is required. `pnpm` is recommended. Bun is **not recommended** fo

 ### Does it run on Raspberry Pi

-Yes. The Gateway is lightweight - docs list **512MB-1GB RAM**, **1 core**, and about **500MB**
+Yes. The Gateway is lightweight - docs list **512MB–1GB RAM**, **1 core**, and about **500MB**
 disk as enough for personal use, and note that a **Raspberry Pi 4 can run it**.

 If you want extra headroom (logs, media, other services), **2GB is recommended**, but it’s
@@ -513,26 +504,6 @@ curl -fsSL https://clawd.bot/install.sh | bash -s -- --install-method git --verb

 More options: [Installer flags](/install/installer).

-### Windows install says git not found or clawdbot not recognized
-
-Two common Windows issues:
-
-**1) npm error spawn git / git not found**
- Install **Git for Windows** and make sure `git` is on your PATH.
- Close and reopen PowerShell, then re-run the installer.
-
-**2) clawdbot is not recognized after install**
- Your npm global bin folder is not on PATH.
- Check the path:
-  ```powershell
-  npm config get prefix
-  ```
- Ensure `<prefix>\\bin` is on PATH (on most systems it is `%AppData%\\npm`).
- Close and reopen PowerShell after updating PATH.
-
-If you want the smoothest Windows setup, use **WSL2** instead of native Windows.
-Docs: [Windows](/platforms/windows).
-
 ### The docs didnt answer my question how do I get a better answer

 Use the **hackable (git) install** so you have the full source and docs locally, then ask
@@ -627,16 +598,6 @@ Pro/Max or OpenAI Codex) are optional ways to authenticate those providers.
 Docs: [Anthropic](/providers/anthropic), [OpenAI](/providers/openai),
 [Local models](/gateway/local-models), [Models](/concepts/models).

-### Can I use Claude Max subscription without an API key
-
-Yes. You can authenticate with **Claude Code CLI OAuth** or a **setup-token**
-instead of an API key. This is the subscription path.
-
-Claude Pro/Max subscriptions **do not include an API key**, so this is the
-correct approach for subscription accounts. Important: you must verify with
-Anthropic that this usage is allowed under their subscription policy and terms.
-If you want the most explicit, supported path, use an Anthropic API key.
-
 ### How does Anthropic setuptoken auth work

 `claude setup-token` generates a **token string** via the Claude Code CLI (it is not available in the web console). You can run it on **any machine**. If Claude Code CLI credentials are present on the gateway host, Clawdbot can reuse them; otherwise choose **Anthropic token (paste setup-token)** and paste the string. The token is stored as an auth profile for the **anthropic** provider and used like an API key or OAuth profile. More detail: [OAuth](/concepts/oauth).
@@ -687,16 +648,6 @@ can import the CLI login or run the OAuth flow for you.

 See [OAuth](/concepts/oauth), [Model providers](/concepts/model-providers), and [Wizard](/start/wizard).

-### How do I set up Gemini CLI OAuth
-
-Gemini CLI uses a **plugin auth flow**, not a client id or secret in `clawdbot.json`.
-
-Steps:
-1) Enable the plugin: `clawdbot plugins enable google-gemini-cli-auth`
-2) Login: `clawdbot models auth login --provider google-gemini-cli --set-default`
-
-This stores OAuth tokens in auth profiles on the gateway host. Details: [Model providers](/concepts/model-providers).
-
 ### Is a local model OK for casual chats

 Usually no. Clawdbot needs large context + strong safety; small cards truncate and leak. If you must, run the **largest** MiniMax M2.1 build you can locally (LM Studio) and see [/gateway/local-models](/gateway/local-models). Smaller/quantized models increase prompt-injection risk - see [Security](/gateway/security).
@@ -864,20 +815,6 @@ OS: use **Ubuntu LTS** (or any modern Debian/Ubuntu). The Linux install path is

 Docs: [Linux](/platforms/linux), [VPS hosting](/vps).

-### Can I run Clawdbot in a VM and what are the requirements
-
-Yes. Treat a VM the same as a VPS: it needs to be always on, reachable, and have enough
-RAM for the Gateway and any channels you enable.
-
-Baseline guidance:
- **Absolute minimum:** 1 vCPU, 1GB RAM.
- **Recommended:** 2GB RAM or more if you run multiple channels, browser automation, or media tools.
- **OS:** Ubuntu LTS or another modern Debian/Ubuntu.
-
-If you are on Windows, **WSL2 is the easiest VM style setup** and has the best tooling
-compatibility. See [Windows](/platforms/windows), [VPS hosting](/vps).
-If you are running macOS in a VM, see [macOS VM](/platforms/macos-vm).
-
 ## What is Clawdbot?

 ### What is Clawdbot in one paragraph
@@ -906,37 +843,6 @@ Highlights:
 Docs: [Gateway](/gateway), [Channels](/channels), [Multi‑agent](/concepts/multi-agent),
 [Memory](/concepts/memory).

-### I just set it up what should I do first
-
-Good first projects:
- Build a website (WordPress, Shopify, or a simple static site).
- Prototype a mobile app (outline, screens, API plan).
- Organize files and folders (cleanup, naming, tagging).
- Connect Gmail and automate summaries or follow ups.
-
-It can handle large tasks, but it works best when you split them into phases and
-use sub agents for parallel work.
-
-### What are the top five everyday use cases for Clawdbot
-
-Everyday wins usually look like:
- **Personal briefings:** summaries of inbox, calendar, and news you care about.
- **Research and drafting:** quick research, summaries, and first drafts for emails or docs.
- **Reminders and follow ups:** cron or heartbeat driven nudges and checklists.
- **Browser automation:** filling forms, collecting data, and repeating web tasks.
- **Cross device coordination:** send a task from your phone, let the Gateway run it on a server, and get the result back in chat.
-
-### Can Clawdbot help with lead gen outreach ads and blogs for a SaaS
-
-Yes for **research, qualification, and drafting**. It can scan sites, build shortlists,
-summarize prospects, and write outreach or ad copy drafts.
-
-For **outreach or ad runs**, keep a human in the loop. Avoid spam, follow local laws and
-platform policies, and review anything before it is sent. The safest pattern is to let
-Clawdbot draft and you approve.
-
-Docs: [Security](/gateway/security).
-
 ### What are the advantages vs Claude Code for web development

 Clawdbot is a **personal assistant** and coordination layer, not an IDE replacement. Use
@@ -2571,16 +2477,6 @@ later if required.

 Docs: [Security](/gateway/security), [Pairing](/start/pairing).

-### Can I give it autonomy over my text messages and is that safe
-
-We do **not** recommend full autonomy over your personal messages. The safest pattern is:
- Keep DMs in **pairing mode** or a tight allowlist.
- Use a **separate number or account** if you want it to message on your behalf.
- Let it draft, then **approve before sending**.
-
-If you want to experiment, do it on a dedicated account and keep it isolated. See
-[Security](/gateway/security).
-
 ### Can I use cheaper models for personal assistant tasks

 Yes, **if** the agent is chat-only and the input is trusted. Smaller tiers are
@@ -2621,23 +2517,6 @@ Wizard phone number prompt: it’s used to set your **allowlist/owner** so your

 ## Chat commands, aborting tasks, and “it won’t stop”

-### How do I stop internal system messages from showing in chat
-
-Most internal or tool messages only appear when **verbose** or **reasoning** is enabled
-for that session.
-
-Fix in the chat where you see it:
-```
-/verbose off
-/reasoning off
-```
-
-If it is still noisy, check the session settings in the Control UI and set verbose
-to **inherit**. Also confirm you are not using a bot profile with `verboseDefault` set
-to `on` in config.
-
-Docs: [Thinking and verbose](/tools/thinking), [Security](/gateway/security#reasoning--verbose-output-in-groups).
-
 ### How do I stopcancel a running task

 Send any of these **as a standalone message** (no slash):
--- a/docs/install/installer.md
+++ b/docs/install/installer.md
@@ -114,9 +114,3 @@ Git requirement:

 If you choose `-InstallMethod git` and Git is missing, the installer will print the
 Git for Windows link (`https://git-scm.com/download/win`) and exit.
-
-Common Windows issues:
-
- **npm error spawn git / ENOENT**: install Git for Windows and reopen PowerShell, then rerun the installer.
- **"clawdbot" is not recognized**: your npm global bin folder is not on PATH. Most systems use
-  `%AppData%\\npm`. You can also run `npm config get prefix` and add `\\bin` to PATH, then reopen PowerShell.
--- a/docs/plugin.md
+++ b/docs/plugin.md
@@ -67,22 +67,6 @@ Plugins can register:
 Plugins run **in‑process** with the Gateway, so treat them as trusted code.
 Tool authoring guide: [Plugin agent tools](/plugins/agent-tools).

-## Runtime helpers
-
-Plugins can access selected core helpers via `api.runtime`. For telephony TTS:
-
-```ts
-const result = await api.runtime.tts.textToSpeechTelephony({
-  text: "Hello from Clawdbot",
-  cfg: api.config,
-});
-```
-
-Notes:
- Uses core `messages.tts` configuration (OpenAI or ElevenLabs).
- Returns PCM audio buffer + sample rate. Plugins must resample/encode for providers.
- Edge TTS is not supported for telephony.
-
 ## Discovery & precedence

 Clawdbot scans, in order:
--- a/docs/plugins/voice-call.md
+++ b/docs/plugins/voice-call.md
@@ -104,87 +104,6 @@ Notes:
 - `mock` is a local dev provider (no network calls).
 - `skipSignatureVerification` is for local testing only.

-## TTS for calls
-
-Voice Call uses the core `messages.tts` configuration (OpenAI or ElevenLabs) for
-streaming speech on calls. You can override it under the plugin config with the
-**same shape** — it deep‑merges with `messages.tts`.
-
-```json5
-{
-  tts: {
-    provider: "elevenlabs",
-    elevenlabs: {
-      voiceId: "pMsXgVXv3BLzUgSXRplE",
-      modelId: "eleven_multilingual_v2"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Notes:
- **Edge TTS is ignored for voice calls** (telephony audio needs PCM; Edge output is unreliable).
- Core TTS is used when Twilio media streaming is enabled; otherwise calls fall back to provider native voices.
-
-### More examples
-
-Use core TTS only (no override):
-
-```json5
-{
-  messages: {
-    tts: {
-      provider: "openai",
-      openai: { voice: "alloy" }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Override to ElevenLabs just for calls (keep core default elsewhere):
-
-```json5
-{
-  plugins: {
-    entries: {
-      "voice-call": {
-        config: {
-          tts: {
-            provider: "elevenlabs",
-            elevenlabs: {
-              apiKey: "elevenlabs_key",
-              voiceId: "pMsXgVXv3BLzUgSXRplE",
-              modelId: "eleven_multilingual_v2"
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Override only the OpenAI model for calls (deep‑merge example):
-
-```json5
-{
-  plugins: {
-    entries: {
-      "voice-call": {
-        config: {
-          tts: {
-            openai: {
-              model: "gpt-4o-mini-tts",
-              voice: "marin"
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
 ## Inbound calls

 Inbound policy defaults to `disabled`. To enable inbound calls, set:
--- a/docs/railway.mdx
+++ b/docs/railway.mdx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ and you configure everything via the `/setup` web wizard.

 ## One-click deploy

-<a href="https://railway.app/new/template?template=https://github.com/vignesh07/clawdbot-railway-template" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Deploy on Railway</a>
+<a href="https://railway.com/deploy/clawdbot-railway-template" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Deploy on Railway</a>

 After deploy, find your public URL in **Railway → your service → Settings → Domains**.

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ Attach a volume mounted at:
 Set these variables on the service:

 - `SETUP_PASSWORD` (required)
- `PORT=8080` (required — must match the port in Public Networking)
 - `CLAWDBOT_STATE_DIR=/data/.clawdbot` (recommended)
 - `CLAWDBOT_WORKSPACE_DIR=/data/workspace` (recommended)
 - `CLAWDBOT_GATEWAY_TOKEN` (recommended; treat as an admin secret)
@@ -83,9 +82,8 @@ If Telegram DMs are set to pairing, the setup wizard can approve the pairing cod
 1) Go to https://discord.com/developers/applications
 2) **New Application** → choose a name
 3) **Bot** → **Add Bot**
-4) **Enable MESSAGE CONTENT INTENT** under Bot → Privileged Gateway Intents (required or the bot will crash on startup)
-5) Copy the **Bot Token** and paste into `/setup`
-6) Invite the bot to your server (OAuth2 URL Generator; scopes: `bot`, `applications.commands`)
+4) Copy the **Bot Token** and paste into `/setup`
+5) Invite the bot to your server (OAuth2 URL Generator; scopes: `bot`, `applications.commands`)

 ## Backups & migration

--- a/extensions/voice-call/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 # Changelog

-## 2026.1.24
-
-### Changes
- Breaking: voice-call TTS now uses core `messages.tts` (plugin TTS config deep‑merges with core).
- Telephony TTS supports OpenAI + ElevenLabs; Edge TTS is ignored for calls.
- Removed legacy `tts.model`/`tts.voice`/`tts.instructions` plugin fields.
-
 ## 2026.1.23

 ### Changes
--- a/extensions/voice-call/README.md
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/README.md
@@ -75,27 +75,6 @@ Notes:
 - Twilio/Telnyx/Plivo require a **publicly reachable** webhook URL.
 - `mock` is a local dev provider (no network calls).

-## TTS for calls
-
-Voice Call uses the core `messages.tts` configuration (OpenAI or ElevenLabs) for
-streaming speech on calls. You can override it under the plugin config with the
-same shape — overrides deep-merge with `messages.tts`.
-
-```json5
-{
-  tts: {
-    provider: "openai",
-    openai: {
-      voice: "alloy"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-Notes:
- Edge TTS is ignored for voice calls (telephony audio needs PCM; Edge output is unreliable).
- Core TTS is used when Twilio media streaming is enabled; otherwise calls fall back to provider native voices.
-
 ## CLI

 ```bash
--- a/extensions/voice-call/clawdbot.plugin.json
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/clawdbot.plugin.json
@@ -99,39 +99,16 @@
      "label": "Media Stream Path",
      "advanced": true
    },
-    "tts.provider": {
-      "label": "TTS Provider Override",
-      "help": "Deep-merges with messages.tts (Edge is ignored for calls).",
+    "tts.model": {
+      "label": "TTS Model",
      "advanced": true
    },
-    "tts.openai.model": {
-      "label": "OpenAI TTS Model",
+    "tts.voice": {
+      "label": "TTS Voice",
      "advanced": true
    },
-    "tts.openai.voice": {
-      "label": "OpenAI TTS Voice",
-      "advanced": true
-    },
-    "tts.openai.apiKey": {
-      "label": "OpenAI API Key",
-      "sensitive": true,
-      "advanced": true
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.modelId": {
-      "label": "ElevenLabs Model ID",
-      "advanced": true
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.voiceId": {
-      "label": "ElevenLabs Voice ID",
-      "advanced": true
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.apiKey": {
-      "label": "ElevenLabs API Key",
-      "sensitive": true,
-      "advanced": true
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.baseUrl": {
-      "label": "ElevenLabs Base URL",
+    "tts.instructions": {
+      "label": "TTS Instructions",
      "advanced": true
    },
    "publicUrl": {
@@ -393,193 +370,20 @@
        "type": "object",
        "additionalProperties": false,
        "properties": {
-          "auto": {
-            "type": "string",
-            "enum": [
-              "off",
-              "always",
-              "inbound",
-              "tagged"
-            ]
-          },
-          "enabled": {
-            "type": "boolean"
-          },
-          "mode": {
-            "type": "string",
-            "enum": [
-              "final",
-              "all"
-            ]
-          },
          "provider": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": [
-              "openai",
-              "elevenlabs",
-              "edge"
+              "openai"
            ]
          },
-          "summaryModel": {
+          "model": {
            "type": "string"
          },
-          "modelOverrides": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": false,
-            "properties": {
-              "enabled": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowText": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowProvider": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowVoice": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowModelId": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowVoiceSettings": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowNormalization": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "allowSeed": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "elevenlabs": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": false,
-            "properties": {
-              "apiKey": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "baseUrl": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "voiceId": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "modelId": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "seed": {
-                "type": "integer",
-                "minimum": 0,
-                "maximum": 4294967295
-              },
-              "applyTextNormalization": {
-                "type": "string",
-                "enum": [
-                  "auto",
-                  "on",
-                  "off"
-                ]
-              },
-              "languageCode": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "voiceSettings": {
-                "type": "object",
-                "additionalProperties": false,
-                "properties": {
-                  "stability": {
-                    "type": "number",
-                    "minimum": 0,
-                    "maximum": 1
-                  },
-                  "similarityBoost": {
-                    "type": "number",
-                    "minimum": 0,
-                    "maximum": 1
-                  },
-                  "style": {
-                    "type": "number",
-                    "minimum": 0,
-                    "maximum": 1
-                  },
-                  "useSpeakerBoost": {
-                    "type": "boolean"
-                  },
-                  "speed": {
-                    "type": "number",
-                    "minimum": 0.5,
-                    "maximum": 2
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "openai": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": false,
-            "properties": {
-              "apiKey": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "model": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "voice": {
-                "type": "string"
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "edge": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "additionalProperties": false,
-            "properties": {
-              "enabled": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "voice": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "lang": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "outputFormat": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "pitch": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "rate": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "volume": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "saveSubtitles": {
-                "type": "boolean"
-              },
-              "proxy": {
-                "type": "string"
-              },
-              "timeoutMs": {
-                "type": "integer",
-                "minimum": 1000,
-                "maximum": 120000
-              }
-            }
-          },
-          "prefsPath": {
+          "voice": {
            "type": "string"
          },
-          "maxTextLength": {
-            "type": "integer",
-            "minimum": 1
-          },
-          "timeoutMs": {
-            "type": "integer",
-            "minimum": 1000,
-            "maximum": 120000
+          "instructions": {
+            "type": "string"
          }
        }
      },
--- a/extensions/voice-call/index.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/index.ts
@@ -74,26 +74,9 @@ const voiceCallConfigSchema = {
    },
    "streaming.sttModel": { label: "Realtime STT Model", advanced: true },
    "streaming.streamPath": { label: "Media Stream Path", advanced: true },
-    "tts.provider": {
-      label: "TTS Provider Override",
-      help: "Deep-merges with messages.tts (Edge is ignored for calls).",
-      advanced: true,
-    },
-    "tts.openai.model": { label: "OpenAI TTS Model", advanced: true },
-    "tts.openai.voice": { label: "OpenAI TTS Voice", advanced: true },
-    "tts.openai.apiKey": {
-      label: "OpenAI API Key",
-      sensitive: true,
-      advanced: true,
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.modelId": { label: "ElevenLabs Model ID", advanced: true },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.voiceId": { label: "ElevenLabs Voice ID", advanced: true },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.apiKey": {
-      label: "ElevenLabs API Key",
-      sensitive: true,
-      advanced: true,
-    },
-    "tts.elevenlabs.baseUrl": { label: "ElevenLabs Base URL", advanced: true },
+    "tts.model": { label: "TTS Model", advanced: true },
+    "tts.voice": { label: "TTS Voice", advanced: true },
+    "tts.instructions": { label: "TTS Instructions", advanced: true },
    publicUrl: { label: "Public Webhook URL", advanced: true },
    skipSignatureVerification: {
      label: "Skip Signature Verification",
@@ -178,7 +161,6 @@ const voiceCallPlugin = {
        runtimePromise = createVoiceCallRuntime({
          config: cfg,
          coreConfig: api.config as CoreConfig,
-          ttsRuntime: api.runtime.tts,
          logger: api.logger,
        });
      }
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/config.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/config.ts
@@ -82,82 +82,31 @@ export const SttConfigSchema = z
  .default({ provider: "openai", model: "whisper-1" });
 export type SttConfig = z.infer<typeof SttConfigSchema>;

-export const TtsProviderSchema = z.enum(["openai", "elevenlabs", "edge"]);
-export const TtsModeSchema = z.enum(["final", "all"]);
-export const TtsAutoSchema = z.enum(["off", "always", "inbound", "tagged"]);
-
 export const TtsConfigSchema = z
  .object({
-    auto: TtsAutoSchema.optional(),
-    enabled: z.boolean().optional(),
-    mode: TtsModeSchema.optional(),
-    provider: TtsProviderSchema.optional(),
-    summaryModel: z.string().optional(),
-    modelOverrides: z
-      .object({
-        enabled: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowText: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowProvider: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowVoice: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowModelId: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowVoiceSettings: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowNormalization: z.boolean().optional(),
-        allowSeed: z.boolean().optional(),
-      })
-      .strict()
-      .optional(),
-    elevenlabs: z
-      .object({
-        apiKey: z.string().optional(),
-        baseUrl: z.string().optional(),
-        voiceId: z.string().optional(),
-        modelId: z.string().optional(),
-        seed: z.number().int().min(0).max(4294967295).optional(),
-        applyTextNormalization: z.enum(["auto", "on", "off"]).optional(),
-        languageCode: z.string().optional(),
-        voiceSettings: z
-          .object({
-            stability: z.number().min(0).max(1).optional(),
-            similarityBoost: z.number().min(0).max(1).optional(),
-            style: z.number().min(0).max(1).optional(),
-            useSpeakerBoost: z.boolean().optional(),
-            speed: z.number().min(0.5).max(2).optional(),
-          })
-          .strict()
-          .optional(),
-      })
-      .strict()
-      .optional(),
-    openai: z
-      .object({
-        apiKey: z.string().optional(),
-        model: z.string().optional(),
-        voice: z.string().optional(),
-      })
-      .strict()
-      .optional(),
-    edge: z
-      .object({
-        enabled: z.boolean().optional(),
-        voice: z.string().optional(),
-        lang: z.string().optional(),
-        outputFormat: z.string().optional(),
-        pitch: z.string().optional(),
-        rate: z.string().optional(),
-        volume: z.string().optional(),
-        saveSubtitles: z.boolean().optional(),
-        proxy: z.string().optional(),
-        timeoutMs: z.number().int().min(1000).max(120000).optional(),
-      })
-      .strict()
-      .optional(),
-    prefsPath: z.string().optional(),
-    maxTextLength: z.number().int().min(1).optional(),
-    timeoutMs: z.number().int().min(1000).max(120000).optional(),
+    /** TTS provider (currently only OpenAI supported) */
+    provider: z.literal("openai").default("openai"),
+    /**
+     * TTS model to use:
+     * - gpt-4o-mini-tts: newest, supports instructions for tone/style control (recommended)
+     * - tts-1: lower latency
+     * - tts-1-hd: higher quality
+     */
+    model: z.string().min(1).default("gpt-4o-mini-tts"),
+    /**
+     * Voice ID. For best quality, use marin or cedar.
+     * All voices: alloy, ash, ballad, coral, echo, fable, nova, onyx, sage, shimmer, verse, marin, cedar
+     */
+    voice: z.string().min(1).default("coral"),
+    /**
+     * Instructions for speech style (only works with gpt-4o-mini-tts).
+     * Examples: "Speak in a cheerful tone", "Talk like a sympathetic customer service agent"
+     */
+    instructions: z.string().optional(),
  })
  .strict()
-  .optional();
-export type VoiceCallTtsConfig = z.infer<typeof TtsConfigSchema>;
+  .default({ provider: "openai", model: "gpt-4o-mini-tts", voice: "coral" });
+export type TtsConfig = z.infer<typeof TtsConfigSchema>;

 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Webhook Server Configuration
@@ -358,7 +307,7 @@ export const VoiceCallConfigSchema = z
  /** STT configuration */
  stt: SttConfigSchema,

-  /** TTS override (deep-merges with core messages.tts) */
+  /** TTS configuration */
  tts: TtsConfigSchema,

  /** Store path for call logs */
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/core-bridge.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/core-bridge.ts
@@ -2,16 +2,10 @@ import fs from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from "node:url";

-import type { VoiceCallTtsConfig } from "./config.js";
-
 export type CoreConfig = {
  session?: {
    store?: string;
  };
-  messages?: {
-    tts?: VoiceCallTtsConfig;
-  };
-  [key: string]: unknown;
 };

 type CoreAgentDeps = {
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager.ts
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ export class CallManager {
      // For notify mode with a message, use inline TwiML with <Say>
      let inlineTwiml: string | undefined;
      if (mode === "notify" && initialMessage) {
-        const pollyVoice = mapVoiceToPolly(this.config.tts?.openai?.voice);
+        const pollyVoice = mapVoiceToPolly(this.config.tts.voice);
        inlineTwiml = this.generateNotifyTwiml(initialMessage, pollyVoice);
        console.log(
          `[voice-call] Using inline TwiML for notify mode (voice: ${pollyVoice})`,
@@ -210,13 +210,11 @@ export class CallManager {
      this.addTranscriptEntry(call, "bot", text);

      // Play TTS
-      const voice =
-        this.provider?.name === "twilio" ? this.config.tts?.openai?.voice : undefined;
      await this.provider.playTts({
        callId,
        providerCallId: call.providerCallId,
        text,
-        voice,
+        voice: this.config.tts.voice,
      });

      return { success: true };
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/manager/outbound.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/manager/outbound.ts
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export async function initiateCall(
    // For notify mode with a message, use inline TwiML with <Say>.
    let inlineTwiml: string | undefined;
    if (mode === "notify" && initialMessage) {
-      const pollyVoice = mapVoiceToPolly(ctx.config.tts?.openai?.voice);
+      const pollyVoice = mapVoiceToPolly(ctx.config.tts.voice);
      inlineTwiml = generateNotifyTwiml(initialMessage, pollyVoice);
      console.log(`[voice-call] Using inline TwiML for notify mode (voice: ${pollyVoice})`);
    }
@@ -120,13 +120,11 @@ export async function speak(

    addTranscriptEntry(call, "bot", text);

-    const voice =
-      ctx.provider?.name === "twilio" ? ctx.config.tts?.openai?.voice : undefined;
    await ctx.provider.playTts({
      callId,
      providerCallId: call.providerCallId,
      text,
-      voice,
+      voice: ctx.config.tts.voice,
    });

    return { success: true };
@@ -246,3 +244,4 @@ export async function endCall(
    return { success: false, error: err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err) };
  }
 }
+
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/providers/twilio.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/providers/twilio.ts
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ import type {
  WebhookVerificationResult,
 } from "../types.js";
 import { escapeXml, mapVoiceToPolly } from "../voice-mapping.js";
-import { chunkAudio } from "../telephony-audio.js";
-import type { TelephonyTtsProvider } from "../telephony-tts.js";
 import type { VoiceCallProvider } from "./base.js";
+import type { OpenAITTSProvider } from "./tts-openai.js";
+import { chunkAudio } from "./tts-openai.js";
 import { twilioApiRequest } from "./twilio/api.js";
 import { verifyTwilioProviderWebhook } from "./twilio/webhook.js";

@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
  /** Current public webhook URL (set when tunnel starts or from config) */
  private currentPublicUrl: string | null = null;

-  /** Optional telephony TTS provider for streaming TTS */
-  private ttsProvider: TelephonyTtsProvider | null = null;
+  /** Optional OpenAI TTS provider for streaming TTS */
+  private ttsProvider: OpenAITTSProvider | null = null;

  /** Optional media stream handler for sending audio */
  private mediaStreamHandler: MediaStreamHandler | null = null;
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
    return this.currentPublicUrl;
  }

-  setTTSProvider(provider: TelephonyTtsProvider): void {
+  setTTSProvider(provider: OpenAITTSProvider): void {
    this.ttsProvider = provider;
  }

@@ -454,13 +454,13 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
   * Play TTS audio via Twilio.
   *
   * Two modes:
-   * 1. Core TTS + Media Streams: If TTS provider and media stream are available,
-   *    generates audio via core TTS and streams it through WebSocket (preferred).
+   * 1. OpenAI TTS + Media Streams: If TTS provider and media stream are available,
+   *    generates audio via OpenAI and streams it through WebSocket (preferred).
   * 2. TwiML <Say>: Falls back to Twilio's native TTS with Polly voices.
   *    Note: This may not work on all Twilio accounts.
   */
  async playTts(input: PlayTtsInput): Promise<void> {
-    // Try telephony TTS via media stream first (if configured)
+    // Try OpenAI TTS via media stream first (if configured)
    const streamSid = this.callStreamMap.get(input.providerCallId);
    if (this.ttsProvider && this.mediaStreamHandler && streamSid) {
      try {
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
        return;
      } catch (err) {
        console.warn(
-          `[voice-call] Telephony TTS failed, falling back to Twilio <Say>:`,
+          `[voice-call] OpenAI TTS failed, falling back to Twilio <Say>:`,
          err instanceof Error ? err.message : err,
        );
        // Fall through to TwiML <Say> fallback
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
    }

    console.warn(
-      "[voice-call] Using TwiML <Say> fallback - telephony TTS not configured or media stream not active",
+      "[voice-call] Using TwiML <Say> fallback - OpenAI TTS not configured or media stream not active",
    );

    const pollyVoice = mapVoiceToPolly(input.voice);
@@ -502,8 +502,8 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
  }

  /**
-   * Play TTS via core TTS and Twilio Media Streams.
-   * Generates audio with core TTS, converts to mu-law, and streams via WebSocket.
+   * Play TTS via OpenAI and Twilio Media Streams.
+   * Generates audio with OpenAI TTS, converts to mu-law, and streams via WebSocket.
   * Uses a jitter buffer to smooth out timing variations.
   */
  private async playTtsViaStream(
@@ -514,8 +514,8 @@ export class TwilioProvider implements VoiceCallProvider {
      throw new Error("TTS provider and media stream handler required");
    }

-    // Generate audio with core TTS (returns mu-law at 8kHz)
-    const muLawAudio = await this.ttsProvider.synthesizeForTelephony(text);
+    // Generate audio with OpenAI TTS (returns mu-law at 8kHz)
+    const muLawAudio = await this.ttsProvider.synthesizeForTwilio(text);

    // Stream audio in 20ms chunks (160 bytes at 8kHz mu-law)
    const CHUNK_SIZE = 160;
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/runtime.ts
@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@ import type { VoiceCallProvider } from "./providers/base.js";
 import { MockProvider } from "./providers/mock.js";
 import { PlivoProvider } from "./providers/plivo.js";
 import { TelnyxProvider } from "./providers/telnyx.js";
+import { OpenAITTSProvider } from "./providers/tts-openai.js";
 import { TwilioProvider } from "./providers/twilio.js";
-import type { TelephonyTtsRuntime } from "./telephony-tts.js";
-import { createTelephonyTtsProvider } from "./telephony-tts.js";
 import { startTunnel, type TunnelResult } from "./tunnel.js";
 import {
  cleanupTailscaleExposure,
@@ -82,10 +81,9 @@ function resolveProvider(config: VoiceCallConfig): VoiceCallProvider {
 export async function createVoiceCallRuntime(params: {
  config: VoiceCallConfig;
  coreConfig: CoreConfig;
-  ttsRuntime?: TelephonyTtsRuntime;
  logger?: Logger;
 }): Promise<VoiceCallRuntime> {
-  const { config, coreConfig, ttsRuntime, logger } = params;
+  const { config, coreConfig, logger } = params;
  const log = logger ?? {
    info: console.log,
    warn: console.warn,
@@ -151,24 +149,27 @@ export async function createVoiceCallRuntime(params: {

  if (provider.name === "twilio" && config.streaming?.enabled) {
    const twilioProvider = provider as TwilioProvider;
-    if (ttsRuntime?.textToSpeechTelephony) {
+    const openaiApiKey =
+      config.streaming.openaiApiKey || process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
+    if (openaiApiKey) {
      try {
-        const ttsProvider = createTelephonyTtsProvider({
-          coreConfig,
-          ttsOverride: config.tts,
-          runtime: ttsRuntime,
+        const ttsProvider = new OpenAITTSProvider({
+          apiKey: openaiApiKey,
+          voice: config.tts.voice,
+          model: config.tts.model,
+          instructions: config.tts.instructions,
        });
        twilioProvider.setTTSProvider(ttsProvider);
-        log.info("[voice-call] Telephony TTS provider configured");
+        log.info("[voice-call] OpenAI TTS provider configured");
      } catch (err) {
        log.warn(
-          `[voice-call] Failed to initialize telephony TTS: ${
+          `[voice-call] Failed to initialize OpenAI TTS: ${
            err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err)
          }`,
        );
      }
    } else {
-      log.warn("[voice-call] Telephony TTS unavailable; streaming TTS disabled");
+      log.warn("[voice-call] OpenAI TTS key missing; streaming TTS disabled");
    }

    const mediaHandler = webhookServer.getMediaStreamHandler();
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/telephony-audio.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/telephony-audio.ts
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-const TELEPHONY_SAMPLE_RATE = 8000;
-
-function clamp16(value: number): number {
-  return Math.max(-32768, Math.min(32767, value));
-}
-
-/**
- * Resample 16-bit PCM (little-endian mono) to 8kHz using linear interpolation.
- */
-export function resamplePcmTo8k(input: Buffer, inputSampleRate: number): Buffer {
-  if (inputSampleRate === TELEPHONY_SAMPLE_RATE) return input;
-  const inputSamples = Math.floor(input.length / 2);
-  if (inputSamples === 0) return Buffer.alloc(0);
-
-  const ratio = inputSampleRate / TELEPHONY_SAMPLE_RATE;
-  const outputSamples = Math.floor(inputSamples / ratio);
-  const output = Buffer.alloc(outputSamples * 2);
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < outputSamples; i++) {
-    const srcPos = i * ratio;
-    const srcIndex = Math.floor(srcPos);
-    const frac = srcPos - srcIndex;
-
-    const s0 = input.readInt16LE(srcIndex * 2);
-    const s1Index = Math.min(srcIndex + 1, inputSamples - 1);
-    const s1 = input.readInt16LE(s1Index * 2);
-
-    const sample = Math.round(s0 + frac * (s1 - s0));
-    output.writeInt16LE(clamp16(sample), i * 2);
-  }
-
-  return output;
-}
-
-/**
- * Convert 16-bit PCM to 8-bit mu-law (G.711).
- */
-export function pcmToMulaw(pcm: Buffer): Buffer {
-  const samples = Math.floor(pcm.length / 2);
-  const mulaw = Buffer.alloc(samples);
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
-    const sample = pcm.readInt16LE(i * 2);
-    mulaw[i] = linearToMulaw(sample);
-  }
-
-  return mulaw;
-}
-
-export function convertPcmToMulaw8k(
-  pcm: Buffer,
-  inputSampleRate: number,
-): Buffer {
-  const pcm8k = resamplePcmTo8k(pcm, inputSampleRate);
-  return pcmToMulaw(pcm8k);
-}
-
-/**
- * Chunk audio buffer into 20ms frames for streaming (8kHz mono mu-law).
- */
-export function chunkAudio(
-  audio: Buffer,
-  chunkSize = 160,
-): Generator<Buffer, void, unknown> {
-  return (function* () {
-    for (let i = 0; i < audio.length; i += chunkSize) {
-      yield audio.subarray(i, Math.min(i + chunkSize, audio.length));
-    }
-  })();
-}
-
-function linearToMulaw(sample: number): number {
-  const BIAS = 132;
-  const CLIP = 32635;
-
-  const sign = sample < 0 ? 0x80 : 0;
-  if (sample < 0) sample = -sample;
-  if (sample > CLIP) sample = CLIP;
-
-  sample += BIAS;
-  let exponent = 7;
-  for (let expMask = 0x4000; (sample & expMask) === 0 && exponent > 0; exponent--) {
-    expMask >>= 1;
-  }
-
-  const mantissa = (sample >> (exponent + 3)) & 0x0f;
-  return ~(sign | (exponent << 4) | mantissa) & 0xff;
-}
--- a/extensions/voice-call/src/telephony-tts.ts
+++ b/extensions/voice-call/src/telephony-tts.ts
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-import type { CoreConfig } from "./core-bridge.js";
-import type { VoiceCallTtsConfig } from "./config.js";
-import { convertPcmToMulaw8k } from "./telephony-audio.js";
-
-export type TelephonyTtsRuntime = {
-  textToSpeechTelephony: (params: {
-    text: string;
-    cfg: CoreConfig;
-    prefsPath?: string;
-  }) => Promise<{
-    success: boolean;
-    audioBuffer?: Buffer;
-    sampleRate?: number;
-    provider?: string;
-    error?: string;
-  }>;
-};
-
-export type TelephonyTtsProvider = {
-  synthesizeForTelephony: (text: string) => Promise<Buffer>;
-};
-
-export function createTelephonyTtsProvider(params: {
-  coreConfig: CoreConfig;
-  ttsOverride?: VoiceCallTtsConfig;
-  runtime: TelephonyTtsRuntime;
-}): TelephonyTtsProvider {
-  const { coreConfig, ttsOverride, runtime } = params;
-  const mergedConfig = applyTtsOverride(coreConfig, ttsOverride);
-
-  return {
-    synthesizeForTelephony: async (text: string) => {
-      const result = await runtime.textToSpeechTelephony({
-        text,
-        cfg: mergedConfig,
-      });
-
-      if (!result.success || !result.audioBuffer || !result.sampleRate) {
-        throw new Error(result.error ?? "TTS conversion failed");
-      }
-
-      return convertPcmToMulaw8k(result.audioBuffer, result.sampleRate);
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-function applyTtsOverride(
-  coreConfig: CoreConfig,
-  override?: VoiceCallTtsConfig,
-): CoreConfig {
-  if (!override) return coreConfig;
-
-  const base = coreConfig.messages?.tts;
-  const merged = mergeTtsConfig(base, override);
-  if (!merged) return coreConfig;
-
-  return {
-    ...coreConfig,
-    messages: {
-      ...(coreConfig.messages ?? {}),
-      tts: merged,
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-function mergeTtsConfig(
-  base?: VoiceCallTtsConfig,
-  override?: VoiceCallTtsConfig,
-): VoiceCallTtsConfig | undefined {
-  if (!base && !override) return undefined;
-  if (!override) return base;
-  if (!base) return override;
-  return deepMerge(base, override);
-}
-
-function deepMerge<T>(base: T, override: T): T {
-  if (!isPlainObject(base) || !isPlainObject(override)) {
-    return override;
-  }
-  const result: Record<string, unknown> = { ...base };
-  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(override)) {
-    if (value === undefined) continue;
-    const existing = (base as Record<string, unknown>)[key];
-    if (isPlainObject(existing) && isPlainObject(value)) {
-      result[key] = deepMerge(existing, value);
-    } else {
-      result[key] = value;
-    }
-  }
-  return result as T;
-}
-
-function isPlainObject(value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> {
-  return Boolean(value) && typeof value === "object" && !Array.isArray(value);
-}
--- a/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.ts
+++ b/src/agents/bash-tools.exec.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
-import type { ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams } from "node:child_process";
+import { spawn, type ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams } from "node:child_process";
 import path from "node:path";
 import type { AgentTool, AgentToolResult } from "@mariozechner/pi-agent-core";
 import { Type } from "@sinclair/typebox";
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import {
 } from "../infra/shell-env.js";
 import { enqueueSystemEvent } from "../infra/system-events.js";
 import { logInfo, logWarn } from "../logger.js";
-import { formatSpawnError, spawnWithFallback } from "../process/spawn-utils.js";
 import {
  type ProcessSession,
  type SessionStdin,
@@ -363,38 +362,23 @@ async function runExecProcess(opts: {
  let stdin: SessionStdin | undefined;

  if (opts.sandbox) {
-    const { child: spawned } = await spawnWithFallback({
-      argv: [
-        "docker",
-        ...buildDockerExecArgs({
-          containerName: opts.sandbox.containerName,
-          command: opts.command,
-          workdir: opts.containerWorkdir ?? opts.sandbox.containerWorkdir,
-          env: opts.env,
-          tty: opts.usePty,
-        }),
-      ],
-      options: {
+    child = spawn(
+      "docker",
+      buildDockerExecArgs({
+        containerName: opts.sandbox.containerName,
+        command: opts.command,
+        workdir: opts.containerWorkdir ?? opts.sandbox.containerWorkdir,
+        env: opts.env,
+        tty: opts.usePty,
+      }),
+      {
        cwd: opts.workdir,
        env: process.env,
        detached: process.platform !== "win32",
        stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
        windowsHide: true,
      },
-      fallbacks: [
-        {
-          label: "no-detach",
-          options: { detached: false },
-        },
-      ],
-      onFallback: (err, fallback) => {
-        const errText = formatSpawnError(err);
-        const warning = `Warning: spawn failed (${errText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`;
-        logWarn(`exec: spawn failed (${errText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`);
-        opts.warnings.push(warning);
-      },
-    });
-    child = spawned as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
+    ) as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
    stdin = child.stdin;
  } else if (opts.usePty) {
    const { shell, args: shellArgs } = getShellConfig();
@@ -438,56 +422,24 @@ async function runExecProcess(opts: {
      const warning = `Warning: PTY spawn failed (${errText}); retrying without PTY for \`${opts.command}\`.`;
      logWarn(`exec: PTY spawn failed (${errText}); retrying without PTY for "${opts.command}".`);
      opts.warnings.push(warning);
-      const { child: spawned } = await spawnWithFallback({
-        argv: [shell, ...shellArgs, opts.command],
-        options: {
-          cwd: opts.workdir,
-          env: opts.env,
-          detached: process.platform !== "win32",
-          stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
-          windowsHide: true,
-        },
-        fallbacks: [
-          {
-            label: "no-detach",
-            options: { detached: false },
-          },
-        ],
-        onFallback: (fallbackErr, fallback) => {
-          const fallbackText = formatSpawnError(fallbackErr);
-          const fallbackWarning = `Warning: spawn failed (${fallbackText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`;
-          logWarn(`exec: spawn failed (${fallbackText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`);
-          opts.warnings.push(fallbackWarning);
-        },
-      });
-      child = spawned as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
-      stdin = child.stdin;
-    }
-  } else {
-    const { shell, args: shellArgs } = getShellConfig();
-    const { child: spawned } = await spawnWithFallback({
-      argv: [shell, ...shellArgs, opts.command],
-      options: {
+      child = spawn(shell, [...shellArgs, opts.command], {
        cwd: opts.workdir,
        env: opts.env,
        detached: process.platform !== "win32",
        stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
        windowsHide: true,
-      },
-      fallbacks: [
-        {
-          label: "no-detach",
-          options: { detached: false },
-        },
-      ],
-      onFallback: (err, fallback) => {
-        const errText = formatSpawnError(err);
-        const warning = `Warning: spawn failed (${errText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`;
-        logWarn(`exec: spawn failed (${errText}); retrying with ${fallback.label}.`);
-        opts.warnings.push(warning);
-      },
-    });
-    child = spawned as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
+      }) as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
+      stdin = child.stdin;
+    }
+  } else {
+    const { shell, args: shellArgs } = getShellConfig();
+    child = spawn(shell, [...shellArgs, opts.command], {
+      cwd: opts.workdir,
+      env: opts.env,
+      detached: process.platform !== "win32",
+      stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"],
+      windowsHide: true,
+    }) as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
    stdin = child.stdin;
  }

--- a/src/auto-reply/model.test.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/model.test.ts
@@ -10,17 +10,11 @@ describe("extractModelDirective", () => {
      expect(result.cleaned).toBe("");
    });

-    it("does not treat /models as a /model directive", () => {
+    it("extracts /models with argument", () => {
      const result = extractModelDirective("/models gpt-5");
-      expect(result.hasDirective).toBe(false);
-      expect(result.rawModel).toBeUndefined();
-      expect(result.cleaned).toBe("/models gpt-5");
-    });
-
-    it("does not parse /models as a /model directive (no args)", () => {
-      const result = extractModelDirective("/models");
-      expect(result.hasDirective).toBe(false);
-      expect(result.cleaned).toBe("/models");
+      expect(result.hasDirective).toBe(true);
+      expect(result.rawModel).toBe("gpt-5");
+      expect(result.cleaned).toBe("");
    });

    it("extracts /model with provider/model format", () => {
--- a/src/auto-reply/model.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/model.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export function extractModelDirective(
  if (!body) return { cleaned: "", hasDirective: false };

  const modelMatch = body.match(
-    /(?:^|\s)\/model(?=$|\s|:)\s*:?\s*([A-Za-z0-9_.:@-]+(?:\/[A-Za-z0-9_.:@-]+)*)?/i,
+    /(?:^|\s)\/models?(?=$|\s|:)\s*:?\s*([A-Za-z0-9_.:@-]+(?:\/[A-Za-z0-9_.:@-]+)*)?/i,
  );

  const aliases = (options?.aliases ?? []).map((alias) => alias.trim()).filter(Boolean);
--- a/src/auto-reply/reply/directives.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/reply/directives.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-import type { NoticeLevel, ReasoningLevel } from "../thinking.js";
+import type { ReasoningLevel } from "../thinking.js";
 import {
  type ElevatedLevel,
  normalizeElevatedLevel,
-  normalizeNoticeLevel,
  normalizeReasoningLevel,
  normalizeThinkLevel,
  normalizeVerboseLevel,
@@ -113,22 +112,6 @@ export function extractVerboseDirective(body?: string): {
  };
 }

-export function extractNoticeDirective(body?: string): {
-  cleaned: string;
-  noticeLevel?: NoticeLevel;
-  rawLevel?: string;
-  hasDirective: boolean;
-} {
-  if (!body) return { cleaned: "", hasDirective: false };
-  const extracted = extractLevelDirective(body, ["notice", "notices"], normalizeNoticeLevel);
-  return {
-    cleaned: extracted.cleaned,
-    noticeLevel: extracted.level,
-    rawLevel: extracted.rawLevel,
-    hasDirective: extracted.hasDirective,
-  };
-}
-
 export function extractElevatedDirective(body?: string): {
  cleaned: string;
  elevatedLevel?: ElevatedLevel;
@@ -169,5 +152,5 @@ export function extractStatusDirective(body?: string): {
  return extractSimpleDirective(body, ["status"]);
 }

-export type { ElevatedLevel, NoticeLevel, ReasoningLevel, ThinkLevel, VerboseLevel };
+export type { ElevatedLevel, ReasoningLevel, ThinkLevel, VerboseLevel };
 export { extractExecDirective } from "./exec/directive.js";
--- a/src/auto-reply/thinking.ts
+++ b/src/auto-reply/thinking.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 export type ThinkLevel = "off" | "minimal" | "low" | "medium" | "high" | "xhigh";
 export type VerboseLevel = "off" | "on" | "full";
-export type NoticeLevel = "off" | "on" | "full";
 export type ElevatedLevel = "off" | "on" | "ask" | "full";
 export type ElevatedMode = "off" | "ask" | "full";
 export type ReasoningLevel = "off" | "on" | "stream";
@@ -94,16 +93,6 @@ export function normalizeVerboseLevel(raw?: string | null): VerboseLevel | undef
  return undefined;
 }

-// Normalize system notice flags used to toggle system notifications.
-export function normalizeNoticeLevel(raw?: string | null): NoticeLevel | undefined {
-  if (!raw) return undefined;
-  const key = raw.toLowerCase();
-  if (["off", "false", "no", "0"].includes(key)) return "off";
-  if (["full", "all", "everything"].includes(key)) return "full";
-  if (["on", "minimal", "true", "yes", "1"].includes(key)) return "on";
-  return undefined;
-}
-
 // Normalize response-usage display modes used to toggle per-response usage footers.
 export function normalizeUsageDisplay(raw?: string | null): UsageDisplayLevel | undefined {
  if (!raw) return undefined;
--- a/src/config/paths.ts
+++ b/src/config/paths.ts
@@ -59,17 +59,6 @@ export const CONFIG_PATH_CLAWDBOT = resolveConfigPath();

 export const DEFAULT_GATEWAY_PORT = 18789;

-/**
- * Gateway lock directory (ephemeral).
- * Default: os.tmpdir()/clawdbot-<uid> (uid suffix when available).
- */
-export function resolveGatewayLockDir(tmpdir: () => string = os.tmpdir): string {
-  const base = tmpdir();
-  const uid = typeof process.getuid === "function" ? process.getuid() : undefined;
-  const suffix = uid != null ? `clawdbot-${uid}` : "clawdbot";
-  return path.join(base, suffix);
-}
-
 const OAUTH_FILENAME = "oauth.json";

 /**
--- a/src/config/types.telegram.ts
+++ b/src/config/types.telegram.ts
@@ -118,8 +118,6 @@ export type TelegramAccountConfig = {
  reactionLevel?: "off" | "ack" | "minimal" | "extensive";
  /** Heartbeat visibility settings for this channel. */
  heartbeat?: ChannelHeartbeatVisibilityConfig;
-  /** Controls whether link previews are shown in outbound messages. Default: true. */
-  linkPreview?: boolean;
 };

 export type TelegramTopicConfig = {
--- a/src/config/zod-schema.providers-core.ts
+++ b/src/config/zod-schema.providers-core.ts
@@ -125,7 +125,6 @@ export const TelegramAccountSchemaBase = z
    reactionNotifications: z.enum(["off", "own", "all"]).optional(),
    reactionLevel: z.enum(["off", "ack", "minimal", "extensive"]).optional(),
    heartbeat: ChannelHeartbeatVisibilitySchema,
-    linkPreview: z.boolean().optional(),
  })
  .strict();

--- a/src/gateway/net.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/net.test.ts
@@ -1,28 +1,77 @@
-import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, test, vi } from "vitest";

-import { resolveGatewayListenHosts } from "./net.js";
+const testTailnetIPv4 = { value: undefined as string | undefined };
+const testTailnetIPv6 = { value: undefined as string | undefined };

-describe("resolveGatewayListenHosts", () => {
-  it("returns the input host when not loopback", async () => {
-    const hosts = await resolveGatewayListenHosts("0.0.0.0", {
-      canBindToHost: async () => {
-        throw new Error("should not be called");
-      },
-    });
-    expect(hosts).toEqual(["0.0.0.0"]);
+vi.mock("../infra/tailnet.js", () => ({
+  pickPrimaryTailnetIPv4: () => testTailnetIPv4.value,
+  pickPrimaryTailnetIPv6: () => testTailnetIPv6.value,
+}));
+
+import { isLocalGatewayAddress, resolveGatewayClientIp } from "./net.js";
+
+describe("gateway net", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    testTailnetIPv4.value = undefined;
+    testTailnetIPv6.value = undefined;
  });

-  it("adds ::1 when IPv6 loopback is available", async () => {
-    const hosts = await resolveGatewayListenHosts("127.0.0.1", {
-      canBindToHost: async () => true,
-    });
-    expect(hosts).toEqual(["127.0.0.1", "::1"]);
+  test("treats loopback as local", () => {
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("127.0.0.1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("127.0.1.1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("::1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("::ffff:127.0.0.1")).toBe(true);
  });

-  it("keeps only IPv4 loopback when IPv6 is unavailable", async () => {
-    const hosts = await resolveGatewayListenHosts("127.0.0.1", {
-      canBindToHost: async () => false,
+  test("treats local tailnet IPv4 as local", () => {
+    testTailnetIPv4.value = "100.64.0.1";
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("100.64.0.1")).toBe(true);
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("::ffff:100.64.0.1")).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("ignores non-matching tailnet IPv4", () => {
+    testTailnetIPv4.value = "100.64.0.1";
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("100.64.0.2")).toBe(false);
+  });
+
+  test("treats local tailnet IPv6 as local", () => {
+    testTailnetIPv6.value = "fd7a:115c:a1e0::123";
+    expect(isLocalGatewayAddress("fd7a:115c:a1e0::123")).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  test("uses forwarded-for when remote is a trusted proxy", () => {
+    const clientIp = resolveGatewayClientIp({
+      remoteAddr: "10.0.0.2",
+      forwardedFor: "203.0.113.9, 10.0.0.2",
+      trustedProxies: ["10.0.0.2"],
    });
-    expect(hosts).toEqual(["127.0.0.1"]);
+    expect(clientIp).toBe("203.0.113.9");
+  });
+
+  test("ignores forwarded-for from untrusted proxies", () => {
+    const clientIp = resolveGatewayClientIp({
+      remoteAddr: "10.0.0.3",
+      forwardedFor: "203.0.113.9",
+      trustedProxies: ["10.0.0.2"],
+    });
+    expect(clientIp).toBe("10.0.0.3");
+  });
+
+  test("normalizes trusted proxy IPs and strips forwarded ports", () => {
+    const clientIp = resolveGatewayClientIp({
+      remoteAddr: "::ffff:10.0.0.2",
+      forwardedFor: "203.0.113.9:1234",
+      trustedProxies: ["10.0.0.2"],
+    });
+    expect(clientIp).toBe("203.0.113.9");
+  });
+
+  test("falls back to x-real-ip when forwarded-for is missing", () => {
+    const clientIp = resolveGatewayClientIp({
+      remoteAddr: "10.0.0.2",
+      realIp: "203.0.113.10",
+      trustedProxies: ["10.0.0.2"],
+    });
+    expect(clientIp).toBe("203.0.113.10");
  });
 });
--- a/src/gateway/net.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/net.ts
@@ -97,14 +97,14 @@ export async function resolveGatewayBindHost(

  if (mode === "loopback") {
    // 127.0.0.1 rarely fails, but handle gracefully
-    if (await canBindToHost("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
+    if (await canBindTo("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
    return "0.0.0.0"; // extreme fallback
  }

  if (mode === "tailnet") {
    const tailnetIP = pickPrimaryTailnetIPv4();
-    if (tailnetIP && (await canBindToHost(tailnetIP))) return tailnetIP;
-    if (await canBindToHost("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
+    if (tailnetIP && (await canBindTo(tailnetIP))) return tailnetIP;
+    if (await canBindTo("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
    return "0.0.0.0";
  }

@@ -116,13 +116,13 @@ export async function resolveGatewayBindHost(
    const host = customHost?.trim();
    if (!host) return "0.0.0.0"; // invalid config → fall back to all

-    if (isValidIPv4(host) && (await canBindToHost(host))) return host;
+    if (isValidIPv4(host) && (await canBindTo(host))) return host;
    // Custom IP failed → fall back to LAN
    return "0.0.0.0";
  }

  if (mode === "auto") {
-    if (await canBindToHost("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
+    if (await canBindTo("127.0.0.1")) return "127.0.0.1";
    return "0.0.0.0";
  }

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ export async function resolveGatewayBindHost(
 * @param host - The host address to test
 * @returns True if we can successfully bind to this address
 */
-export async function canBindToHost(host: string): Promise<boolean> {
+async function canBindTo(host: string): Promise<boolean> {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    const testServer = net.createServer();
    testServer.once("error", () => {
@@ -151,16 +151,6 @@ export async function canBindToHost(host: string): Promise<boolean> {
  });
 }

-export async function resolveGatewayListenHosts(
-  bindHost: string,
-  opts?: { canBindToHost?: (host: string) => Promise<boolean> },
-): Promise<string[]> {
-  if (bindHost !== "127.0.0.1") return [bindHost];
-  const canBind = opts?.canBindToHost ?? canBindToHost;
-  if (await canBind("::1")) return [bindHost, "::1"];
-  return [bindHost];
-}
-
 /**
 * Validate if a string is a valid IPv4 address.
 *
--- a/src/gateway/server-close.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-close.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ export function createGatewayCloseHandler(params: {
  browserControl: { stop: () => Promise<void> } | null;
  wss: WebSocketServer;
  httpServer: HttpServer;
-  httpServers?: HttpServer[];
 }) {
  return async (opts?: { reason?: string; restartExpectedMs?: number | null }) => {
    const reasonRaw = typeof opts?.reason === "string" ? opts.reason.trim() : "";
@@ -109,20 +108,14 @@ export function createGatewayCloseHandler(params: {
      await params.browserControl.stop().catch(() => {});
    }
    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => params.wss.close(() => resolve()));
-    const servers =
-      params.httpServers && params.httpServers.length > 0
-        ? params.httpServers
-        : [params.httpServer];
-    for (const server of servers) {
-      const httpServer = server as HttpServer & {
-        closeIdleConnections?: () => void;
-      };
-      if (typeof httpServer.closeIdleConnections === "function") {
-        httpServer.closeIdleConnections();
-      }
-      await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) =>
-        httpServer.close((err) => (err ? reject(err) : resolve())),
-      );
+    const httpServer = params.httpServer as HttpServer & {
+      closeIdleConnections?: () => void;
+    };
+    if (typeof httpServer.closeIdleConnections === "function") {
+      httpServer.closeIdleConnections();
    }
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) =>
+      params.httpServer.close((err) => (err ? reject(err) : resolve())),
+    );
  };
 }
--- a/src/gateway/server-runtime-state.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-runtime-state.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import type { ChatAbortControllerEntry } from "./chat-abort.js";
 import type { HooksConfigResolved } from "./hooks.js";
 import { createGatewayHooksRequestHandler } from "./server/hooks.js";
 import { listenGatewayHttpServer } from "./server/http-listen.js";
-import { resolveGatewayListenHosts } from "./net.js";
 import { createGatewayPluginRequestHandler } from "./server/plugins-http.js";
 import type { GatewayWsClient } from "./server/ws-types.js";
 import { createGatewayBroadcaster } from "./server-broadcast.js";
@@ -39,14 +38,11 @@ export async function createGatewayRuntimeState(params: {
  canvasHostEnabled: boolean;
  allowCanvasHostInTests?: boolean;
  logCanvas: { info: (msg: string) => void; warn: (msg: string) => void };
-  log: { info: (msg: string) => void; warn: (msg: string) => void };
  logHooks: ReturnType<typeof createSubsystemLogger>;
  logPlugins: ReturnType<typeof createSubsystemLogger>;
 }): Promise<{
  canvasHost: CanvasHostHandler | null;
  httpServer: HttpServer;
-  httpServers: HttpServer[];
-  httpBindHosts: string[];
  wss: WebSocketServer;
  clients: Set<GatewayWsClient>;
  broadcast: (
@@ -104,49 +100,30 @@ export async function createGatewayRuntimeState(params: {
    log: params.logPlugins,
  });

-  const bindHosts = await resolveGatewayListenHosts(params.bindHost);
-  const httpServers: HttpServer[] = [];
-  const httpBindHosts: string[] = [];
-  for (const host of bindHosts) {
-    const httpServer = createGatewayHttpServer({
-      canvasHost,
-      controlUiEnabled: params.controlUiEnabled,
-      controlUiBasePath: params.controlUiBasePath,
-      openAiChatCompletionsEnabled: params.openAiChatCompletionsEnabled,
-      openResponsesEnabled: params.openResponsesEnabled,
-      openResponsesConfig: params.openResponsesConfig,
-      handleHooksRequest,
-      handlePluginRequest,
-      resolvedAuth: params.resolvedAuth,
-      tlsOptions: params.gatewayTls?.enabled ? params.gatewayTls.tlsOptions : undefined,
-    });
-    try {
-      await listenGatewayHttpServer({
-        httpServer,
-        bindHost: host,
-        port: params.port,
-      });
-      httpServers.push(httpServer);
-      httpBindHosts.push(host);
-    } catch (err) {
-      if (host === bindHosts[0]) throw err;
-      params.log.warn(
-        `gateway: failed to bind loopback alias ${host}:${params.port} (${String(err)})`,
-      );
-    }
-  }
-  const httpServer = httpServers[0];
-  if (!httpServer) {
-    throw new Error("Gateway HTTP server failed to start");
-  }
+  const httpServer = createGatewayHttpServer({
+    canvasHost,
+    controlUiEnabled: params.controlUiEnabled,
+    controlUiBasePath: params.controlUiBasePath,
+    openAiChatCompletionsEnabled: params.openAiChatCompletionsEnabled,
+    openResponsesEnabled: params.openResponsesEnabled,
+    openResponsesConfig: params.openResponsesConfig,
+    handleHooksRequest,
+    handlePluginRequest,
+    resolvedAuth: params.resolvedAuth,
+    tlsOptions: params.gatewayTls?.enabled ? params.gatewayTls.tlsOptions : undefined,
+  });
+
+  await listenGatewayHttpServer({
+    httpServer,
+    bindHost: params.bindHost,
+    port: params.port,
+  });

  const wss = new WebSocketServer({
    noServer: true,
    maxPayload: MAX_PAYLOAD_BYTES,
  });
-  for (const server of httpServers) {
-    attachGatewayUpgradeHandler({ httpServer: server, wss, canvasHost });
-  }
+  attachGatewayUpgradeHandler({ httpServer, wss, canvasHost });

  const clients = new Set<GatewayWsClient>();
  const { broadcast } = createGatewayBroadcaster({ clients });
@@ -163,8 +140,6 @@ export async function createGatewayRuntimeState(params: {
  return {
    canvasHost,
    httpServer,
-    httpServers,
-    httpBindHosts,
    wss,
    clients,
    broadcast,
--- a/src/gateway/server-startup-log.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server-startup-log.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import { getResolvedLoggerSettings } from "../logging.js";
 export function logGatewayStartup(params: {
  cfg: ReturnType<typeof loadConfig>;
  bindHost: string;
-  bindHosts?: string[];
  port: number;
  tlsEnabled?: boolean;
  log: { info: (msg: string, meta?: Record<string, unknown>) => void };
@@ -23,16 +22,9 @@ export function logGatewayStartup(params: {
    consoleMessage: `agent model: ${chalk.whiteBright(modelRef)}`,
  });
  const scheme = params.tlsEnabled ? "wss" : "ws";
-  const formatHost = (host: string) => (host.includes(":") ? `[${host}]` : host);
-  const hosts =
-    params.bindHosts && params.bindHosts.length > 0 ? params.bindHosts : [params.bindHost];
-  const primaryHost = hosts[0] ?? params.bindHost;
  params.log.info(
-    `listening on ${scheme}://${formatHost(primaryHost)}:${params.port} (PID ${process.pid})`,
+    `listening on ${scheme}://${params.bindHost}:${params.port} (PID ${process.pid})`,
  );
-  for (const host of hosts.slice(1)) {
-    params.log.info(`listening on ${scheme}://${formatHost(host)}:${params.port}`);
-  }
  params.log.info(`log file: ${getResolvedLoggerSettings().file}`);
  if (params.isNixMode) {
    params.log.info("gateway: running in Nix mode (config managed externally)");
--- a/src/gateway/server.impl.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/server.impl.ts
@@ -263,8 +263,6 @@ export async function startGatewayServer(
  const {
    canvasHost,
    httpServer,
-    httpServers,
-    httpBindHosts,
    wss,
    clients,
    broadcast,
@@ -294,7 +292,6 @@ export async function startGatewayServer(
    canvasHostEnabled,
    allowCanvasHostInTests: opts.allowCanvasHostInTests,
    logCanvas,
-    log,
    logHooks,
    logPlugins,
  });
@@ -467,7 +464,6 @@ export async function startGatewayServer(
  logGatewayStartup({
    cfg: cfgAtStart,
    bindHost,
-    bindHosts: httpBindHosts,
    port,
    tlsEnabled: gatewayTls.enabled,
    log,
@@ -556,7 +552,6 @@ export async function startGatewayServer(
    browserControl,
    wss,
    httpServer,
-    httpServers,
  });

  return {
--- a/src/infra/gateway-lock.test.ts
+++ b/src/infra/gateway-lock.test.ts
@@ -7,13 +7,12 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";

 import { acquireGatewayLock, GatewayLockError } from "./gateway-lock.js";
-import { resolveConfigPath, resolveGatewayLockDir, resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
+import { resolveConfigPath, resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";

 async function makeEnv() {
  const dir = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "clawdbot-gateway-lock-"));
  const configPath = path.join(dir, "clawdbot.json");
  await fs.writeFile(configPath, "{}", "utf8");
-  await fs.mkdir(resolveGatewayLockDir(), { recursive: true });
  return {
    env: {
      ...process.env,
@@ -30,8 +29,7 @@ function resolveLockPath(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv) {
  const stateDir = resolveStateDir(env);
  const configPath = resolveConfigPath(env, stateDir);
  const hash = createHash("sha1").update(configPath).digest("hex").slice(0, 8);
-  const lockDir = resolveGatewayLockDir();
-  return { lockPath: path.join(lockDir, `gateway.${hash}.lock`), configPath };
+  return { lockPath: path.join(stateDir, `gateway.${hash}.lock`), configPath };
 }

 function makeProcStat(pid: number, startTime: number) {
--- a/src/infra/gateway-lock.ts
+++ b/src/infra/gateway-lock.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import fsSync from "node:fs";
 import path from "node:path";

-import { resolveConfigPath, resolveGatewayLockDir, resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
+import { resolveConfigPath, resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";

 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MS = 5000;
 const DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL_MS = 100;
@@ -150,8 +150,7 @@ function resolveGatewayLockPath(env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv) {
  const stateDir = resolveStateDir(env);
  const configPath = resolveConfigPath(env, stateDir);
  const hash = createHash("sha1").update(configPath).digest("hex").slice(0, 8);
-  const lockDir = resolveGatewayLockDir();
-  const lockPath = path.join(lockDir, `gateway.${hash}.lock`);
+  const lockPath = path.join(stateDir, `gateway.${hash}.lock`);
  return { lockPath, configPath };
 }

--- a/src/plugins/runtime/index.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/index.ts
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ import { startWebLoginWithQr, waitForWebLogin } from "../../web/login-qr.js";
 import { sendMessageWhatsApp, sendPollWhatsApp } from "../../web/outbound.js";
 import { registerMemoryCli } from "../../cli/memory-cli.js";
 import { formatNativeDependencyHint } from "./native-deps.js";
-import { textToSpeechTelephony } from "../../tts/tts.js";

 import type { PluginRuntime } from "./types.js";

@@ -163,9 +162,6 @@ export function createPluginRuntime(): PluginRuntime {
      getImageMetadata,
      resizeToJpeg,
    },
-    tts: {
-      textToSpeechTelephony,
-    },
    tools: {
      createMemoryGetTool,
      createMemorySearchTool,
--- a/src/plugins/runtime/types.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/runtime/types.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ type UpsertChannelPairingRequest =
  typeof import("../../pairing/pairing-store.js").upsertChannelPairingRequest;
 type FetchRemoteMedia = typeof import("../../media/fetch.js").fetchRemoteMedia;
 type SaveMediaBuffer = typeof import("../../media/store.js").saveMediaBuffer;
-type TextToSpeechTelephony = typeof import("../../tts/tts.js").textToSpeechTelephony;
 type BuildMentionRegexes = typeof import("../../auto-reply/reply/mentions.js").buildMentionRegexes;
 type MatchesMentionPatterns =
  typeof import("../../auto-reply/reply/mentions.js").matchesMentionPatterns;
@@ -174,9 +173,6 @@ export type PluginRuntime = {
    getImageMetadata: GetImageMetadata;
    resizeToJpeg: ResizeToJpeg;
  };
-  tts: {
-    textToSpeechTelephony: TextToSpeechTelephony;
-  };
  tools: {
    createMemoryGetTool: CreateMemoryGetTool;
    createMemorySearchTool: CreateMemorySearchTool;
--- a/src/plugins/voice-call.plugin.test.ts
+++ b/src/plugins/voice-call.plugin.test.ts
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@ function setup(config: Record<string, unknown>): Registered {
    source: "test",
    config: {},
    pluginConfig: config,
-    runtime: { tts: { textToSpeechTelephony: vi.fn() } },
    logger: noopLogger,
    registerGatewayMethod: (method, handler) => methods.set(method, handler),
    registerTool: (tool) => tools.push(tool),
@@ -143,7 +142,6 @@ describe("voice-call plugin", () => {
      source: "test",
      config: {},
      pluginConfig: { provider: "mock" },
-      runtime: { tts: { textToSpeechTelephony: vi.fn() } },
      logger: noopLogger,
      registerGatewayMethod: () => {},
      registerTool: () => {},
--- a/src/process/exec.ts
+++ b/src/process/exec.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import { promisify } from "node:util";

 import { danger, shouldLogVerbose } from "../globals.js";
 import { logDebug, logError } from "../logger.js";
-import { resolveCommandStdio } from "./spawn-utils.js";

 const execFileAsync = promisify(execFile);

@@ -79,22 +78,19 @@ export async function runCommandWithTimeout(
    if (resolvedEnv.npm_config_fund == null) resolvedEnv.npm_config_fund = "false";
  }

-  const stdio = resolveCommandStdio({ hasInput, preferInherit: true });
-  const child = spawn(argv[0], argv.slice(1), {
-    stdio,
-    cwd,
-    env: resolvedEnv,
-    windowsVerbatimArguments,
-  });
  // Spawn with inherited stdin (TTY) so tools like `pi` stay interactive when needed.
  return await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const child = spawn(argv[0], argv.slice(1), {
+      stdio: [hasInput ? "pipe" : "inherit", "pipe", "pipe"],
+      cwd,
+      env: resolvedEnv,
+      windowsVerbatimArguments,
+    });
    let stdout = "";
    let stderr = "";
    let settled = false;
    const timer = setTimeout(() => {
-      if (typeof child.kill === "function") {
-        child.kill("SIGKILL");
-      }
+      child.kill("SIGKILL");
    }, timeoutMs);

    if (hasInput && child.stdin) {
--- a/src/process/spawn-utils.test.ts
+++ b/src/process/spawn-utils.test.ts
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-import { EventEmitter } from "node:events";
-import { PassThrough } from "node:stream";
-import type { ChildProcess } from "node:child_process";
-import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-
-import { spawnWithFallback } from "./spawn-utils.js";
-
-function createStubChild() {
-  const child = new EventEmitter() as ChildProcess;
-  child.stdin = new PassThrough() as ChildProcess["stdin"];
-  child.stdout = new PassThrough() as ChildProcess["stdout"];
-  child.stderr = new PassThrough() as ChildProcess["stderr"];
-  child.pid = 1234;
-  child.killed = false;
-  child.kill = vi.fn(() => true) as ChildProcess["kill"];
-  queueMicrotask(() => {
-    child.emit("spawn");
-  });
-  return child;
-}
-
-describe("spawnWithFallback", () => {
-  it("retries on EBADF using fallback options", async () => {
-    const spawnMock = vi
-      .fn()
-      .mockImplementationOnce(() => {
-        const err = new Error("spawn EBADF");
-        (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code = "EBADF";
-        throw err;
-      })
-      .mockImplementationOnce(() => createStubChild());
-
-    const result = await spawnWithFallback({
-      argv: ["echo", "ok"],
-      options: { stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"] },
-      fallbacks: [{ label: "safe-stdin", options: { stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"] } }],
-      spawnImpl: spawnMock,
-    });
-
-    expect(result.usedFallback).toBe(true);
-    expect(result.fallbackLabel).toBe("safe-stdin");
-    expect(spawnMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
-    expect(spawnMock.mock.calls[0]?.[2]?.stdio).toEqual(["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"]);
-    expect(spawnMock.mock.calls[1]?.[2]?.stdio).toEqual(["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"]);
-  });
-
-  it("does not retry on non-EBADF errors", async () => {
-    const spawnMock = vi.fn().mockImplementationOnce(() => {
-      const err = new Error("spawn ENOENT");
-      (err as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code = "ENOENT";
-      throw err;
-    });
-
-    await expect(
-      spawnWithFallback({
-        argv: ["missing"],
-        options: { stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"] },
-        fallbacks: [{ label: "safe-stdin", options: { stdio: ["ignore", "pipe", "pipe"] } }],
-        spawnImpl: spawnMock,
-      }),
-    ).rejects.toThrow(/ENOENT/);
-    expect(spawnMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
-  });
-});
--- a/src/process/spawn-utils.ts
+++ b/src/process/spawn-utils.ts
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-import type { ChildProcess, SpawnOptions } from "node:child_process";
-import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
-
-export type SpawnFallback = {
-  label: string;
-  options: SpawnOptions;
-};
-
-export type SpawnWithFallbackResult = {
-  child: ChildProcess;
-  usedFallback: boolean;
-  fallbackLabel?: string;
-};
-
-type SpawnWithFallbackParams = {
-  argv: string[];
-  options: SpawnOptions;
-  fallbacks?: SpawnFallback[];
-  spawnImpl?: typeof spawn;
-  retryCodes?: string[];
-  onFallback?: (err: unknown, fallback: SpawnFallback) => void;
-};
-
-const DEFAULT_RETRY_CODES = ["EBADF"];
-
-export function resolveCommandStdio(params: {
-  hasInput: boolean;
-  preferInherit: boolean;
-}): ["pipe" | "inherit" | "ignore", "pipe", "pipe"] {
-  const stdin = params.hasInput ? "pipe" : params.preferInherit ? "inherit" : "pipe";
-  return [stdin, "pipe", "pipe"];
-}
-
-export function formatSpawnError(err: unknown): string {
-  if (!(err instanceof Error)) return String(err);
-  const details = err as NodeJS.ErrnoException;
-  const parts: string[] = [];
-  const message = err.message?.trim();
-  if (message) parts.push(message);
-  if (details.code && !message?.includes(details.code)) parts.push(details.code);
-  if (details.syscall) parts.push(`syscall=${details.syscall}`);
-  if (typeof details.errno === "number") parts.push(`errno=${details.errno}`);
-  return parts.join(" ");
-}
-
-function shouldRetry(err: unknown, codes: string[]): boolean {
-  const code =
-    err && typeof err === "object" && "code" in err ? String((err as { code?: unknown }).code) : "";
-  return code.length > 0 && codes.includes(code);
-}
-
-async function spawnAndWaitForSpawn(
-  spawnImpl: typeof spawn,
-  argv: string[],
-  options: SpawnOptions,
-): Promise<ChildProcess> {
-  const child = spawnImpl(argv[0], argv.slice(1), options);
-
-  return await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-    let settled = false;
-    const cleanup = () => {
-      child.removeListener("error", onError);
-      child.removeListener("spawn", onSpawn);
-    };
-    const finishResolve = () => {
-      if (settled) return;
-      settled = true;
-      cleanup();
-      resolve(child);
-    };
-    const onError = (err: unknown) => {
-      if (settled) return;
-      settled = true;
-      cleanup();
-      reject(err);
-    };
-    const onSpawn = () => {
-      finishResolve();
-    };
-    child.once("error", onError);
-    child.once("spawn", onSpawn);
-    // Ensure mocked spawns that never emit "spawn" don't stall.
-    process.nextTick(() => {
-      if (typeof child.pid === "number") {
-        finishResolve();
-      }
-    });
-  });
-}
-
-export async function spawnWithFallback(
-  params: SpawnWithFallbackParams,
-): Promise<SpawnWithFallbackResult> {
-  const spawnImpl = params.spawnImpl ?? spawn;
-  const retryCodes = params.retryCodes ?? DEFAULT_RETRY_CODES;
-  const baseOptions = { ...params.options };
-  const fallbacks = params.fallbacks ?? [];
-  const attempts: Array<{ label?: string; options: SpawnOptions }> = [
-    { options: baseOptions },
-    ...fallbacks.map((fallback) => ({
-      label: fallback.label,
-      options: { ...baseOptions, ...fallback.options },
-    })),
-  ];
-
-  let lastError: unknown;
-  for (let index = 0; index < attempts.length; index += 1) {
-    const attempt = attempts[index];
-    try {
-      const child = await spawnAndWaitForSpawn(spawnImpl, params.argv, attempt.options);
-      return {
-        child,
-        usedFallback: index > 0,
-        fallbackLabel: attempt.label,
-      };
-    } catch (err) {
-      lastError = err;
-      const nextFallback = fallbacks[index];
-      if (!nextFallback || !shouldRetry(err, retryCodes)) {
-        throw err;
-      }
-      params.onFallback?.(err, nextFallback);
-    }
-  }
-
-  throw lastError;
-}
--- a/src/telegram/bot-message-dispatch.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/bot-message-dispatch.ts
@@ -151,7 +151,6 @@ export const dispatchTelegramMessage = async ({
          tableMode,
          chunkMode,
          onVoiceRecording: sendRecordVoice,
-          linkPreview: telegramCfg.linkPreview,
        });
      },
      onError: (err, info) => {
--- a/src/telegram/bot-native-commands.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/bot-native-commands.ts
@@ -348,7 +348,6 @@ export const registerTelegramNativeCommands = ({
                  messageThreadId: resolvedThreadId,
                  tableMode,
                  chunkMode,
-                  linkPreview: telegramCfg.linkPreview,
                });
              },
              onError: (err, info) => {
--- a/src/telegram/bot/delivery.test.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/bot/delivery.test.ts
@@ -108,60 +108,4 @@ describe("deliverReplies", () => {
      }),
    );
  });
-
-  it("includes link_preview_options when linkPreview is false", async () => {
-    const runtime = { error: vi.fn(), log: vi.fn() };
-    const sendMessage = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      message_id: 3,
-      chat: { id: "123" },
-    });
-    const bot = { api: { sendMessage } } as unknown as Bot;
-
-    await deliverReplies({
-      replies: [{ text: "Check https://example.com" }],
-      chatId: "123",
-      token: "tok",
-      runtime,
-      bot,
-      replyToMode: "off",
-      textLimit: 4000,
-      linkPreview: false,
-    });
-
-    expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      "123",
-      expect.any(String),
-      expect.objectContaining({
-        link_preview_options: { is_disabled: true },
-      }),
-    );
-  });
-
-  it("does not include link_preview_options when linkPreview is true", async () => {
-    const runtime = { error: vi.fn(), log: vi.fn() };
-    const sendMessage = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      message_id: 4,
-      chat: { id: "123" },
-    });
-    const bot = { api: { sendMessage } } as unknown as Bot;
-
-    await deliverReplies({
-      replies: [{ text: "Check https://example.com" }],
-      chatId: "123",
-      token: "tok",
-      runtime,
-      bot,
-      replyToMode: "off",
-      textLimit: 4000,
-      linkPreview: true,
-    });
-
-    expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      "123",
-      expect.any(String),
-      expect.not.objectContaining({
-        link_preview_options: expect.anything(),
-      }),
-    );
-  });
 });
--- a/src/telegram/bot/delivery.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/bot/delivery.ts
@@ -36,11 +36,8 @@ export async function deliverReplies(params: {
  chunkMode?: ChunkMode;
  /** Callback invoked before sending a voice message to switch typing indicator. */
  onVoiceRecording?: () => Promise<void> | void;
-  /** Controls whether link previews are shown. Default: true (previews enabled). */
-  linkPreview?: boolean;
 }) {
-  const { replies, chatId, runtime, bot, replyToMode, textLimit, messageThreadId, linkPreview } =
-    params;
+  const { replies, chatId, runtime, bot, replyToMode, textLimit, messageThreadId } = params;
  const chunkMode = params.chunkMode ?? "length";
  const threadParams = buildTelegramThreadParams(messageThreadId);
  let hasReplied = false;
@@ -88,7 +85,6 @@ export async function deliverReplies(params: {
          messageThreadId,
          textMode: "html",
          plainText: chunk.text,
-          linkPreview,
        });
        if (replyToId && !hasReplied) {
          hasReplied = true;
@@ -184,7 +180,6 @@ export async function deliverReplies(params: {
            messageThreadId,
            textMode: "html",
            plainText: chunk.text,
-            linkPreview,
          });
          if (replyToId && !hasReplied) {
            hasReplied = true;
@@ -253,22 +248,17 @@ async function sendTelegramText(
    messageThreadId?: number;
    textMode?: "markdown" | "html";
    plainText?: string;
-    linkPreview?: boolean;
  },
 ): Promise<number | undefined> {
  const baseParams = buildTelegramSendParams({
    replyToMessageId: opts?.replyToMessageId,
    messageThreadId: opts?.messageThreadId,
  });
-  // Add link_preview_options when link preview is disabled.
-  const linkPreviewEnabled = opts?.linkPreview ?? true;
-  const linkPreviewOptions = linkPreviewEnabled ? undefined : { is_disabled: true };
  const textMode = opts?.textMode ?? "markdown";
  const htmlText = textMode === "html" ? text : markdownToTelegramHtml(text);
  try {
    const res = await bot.api.sendMessage(chatId, htmlText, {
      parse_mode: "HTML",
-      ...(linkPreviewOptions ? { link_preview_options: linkPreviewOptions } : {}),
      ...baseParams,
    });
    return res.message_id;
@@ -278,7 +268,6 @@ async function sendTelegramText(
      runtime.log?.(`telegram HTML parse failed; retrying without formatting: ${errText}`);
      const fallbackText = opts?.plainText ?? text;
      const res = await bot.api.sendMessage(chatId, fallbackText, {
-        ...(linkPreviewOptions ? { link_preview_options: linkPreviewOptions } : {}),
        ...baseParams,
      });
      return res.message_id;
--- a/src/telegram/send.returns-undefined-empty-input.test.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/send.returns-undefined-empty-input.test.ts
@@ -152,62 +152,6 @@ describe("sendMessageTelegram", () => {
    expect(res.messageId).toBe("42");
  });

-  it("adds link_preview_options when previews are disabled in config", async () => {
-    const chatId = "123";
-    const sendMessage = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      message_id: 7,
-      chat: { id: chatId },
-    });
-    const api = { sendMessage } as unknown as {
-      sendMessage: typeof sendMessage;
-    };
-
-    loadConfig.mockReturnValue({
-      channels: { telegram: { linkPreview: false } },
-    });
-
-    await sendMessageTelegram(chatId, "hi", { token: "tok", api });
-
-    expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(chatId, "hi", {
-      parse_mode: "HTML",
-      link_preview_options: { is_disabled: true },
-    });
-  });
-
-  it("keeps link_preview_options on plain-text fallback when disabled", async () => {
-    const chatId = "123";
-    const parseErr = new Error(
-      "400: Bad Request: can't parse entities: Can't find end of the entity starting at byte offset 9",
-    );
-    const sendMessage = vi
-      .fn()
-      .mockRejectedValueOnce(parseErr)
-      .mockResolvedValueOnce({
-        message_id: 42,
-        chat: { id: chatId },
-      });
-    const api = { sendMessage } as unknown as {
-      sendMessage: typeof sendMessage;
-    };
-
-    loadConfig.mockReturnValue({
-      channels: { telegram: { linkPreview: false } },
-    });
-
-    await sendMessageTelegram(chatId, "_oops_", {
-      token: "tok",
-      api,
-    });
-
-    expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(1, chatId, "<i>oops</i>", {
-      parse_mode: "HTML",
-      link_preview_options: { is_disabled: true },
-    });
-    expect(sendMessage).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(2, chatId, "_oops_", {
-      link_preview_options: { is_disabled: true },
-    });
-  });
-
  it("uses native fetch for BAN compatibility when api is omitted", async () => {
    const originalFetch = globalThis.fetch;
    const originalBun = (globalThis as { Bun?: unknown }).Bun;
--- a/src/telegram/send.ts
+++ b/src/telegram/send.ts
@@ -198,25 +198,20 @@ export async function sendMessageTelegram(
  });
  const renderHtmlText = (value: string) => renderTelegramHtmlText(value, { textMode, tableMode });

-  // Resolve link preview setting from config (default: enabled).
-  const linkPreviewEnabled = account.config.linkPreview ?? true;
-  const linkPreviewOptions = linkPreviewEnabled ? undefined : { is_disabled: true };
-
  const sendTelegramText = async (
    rawText: string,
    params?: Record<string, unknown>,
    fallbackText?: string,
  ) => {
    const htmlText = renderHtmlText(rawText);
-    const baseParams = params ? { ...params } : {};
-    if (linkPreviewOptions) {
-      baseParams.link_preview_options = linkPreviewOptions;
-    }
-    const hasBaseParams = Object.keys(baseParams).length > 0;
-    const sendParams = {
-      parse_mode: "HTML" as const,
-      ...baseParams,
-    };
+    const sendParams = params
+      ? {
+          parse_mode: "HTML" as const,
+          ...params,
+        }
+      : {
+          parse_mode: "HTML" as const,
+        };
    const res = await request(() => api.sendMessage(chatId, htmlText, sendParams), "message").catch(
      async (err) => {
        // Telegram rejects malformed HTML (e.g., unsupported tags or entities).
@@ -227,7 +222,7 @@ export async function sendMessageTelegram(
            console.warn(`telegram HTML parse failed, retrying as plain text: ${errText}`);
          }
          const fallback = fallbackText ?? rawText;
-          const plainParams = hasBaseParams ? baseParams : undefined;
+          const plainParams = params && Object.keys(params).length > 0 ? { ...params } : undefined;
          return await request(
            () =>
              plainParams
--- a/src/tts/tts.test.ts
+++ b/src/tts/tts.test.ts
@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ describe("tts", () => {
  });

  describe("isValidOpenAIModel", () => {
-    it("accepts supported models", () => {
+    it("accepts gpt-4o-mini-tts model", () => {
      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("gpt-4o-mini-tts")).toBe(true);
-      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("tts-1")).toBe(true);
-      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("tts-1-hd")).toBe(true);
    });

-    it("rejects unsupported models", () => {
+    it("rejects other models", () => {
+      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("tts-1")).toBe(false);
+      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("tts-1-hd")).toBe(false);
      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("invalid")).toBe(false);
      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("")).toBe(false);
      expect(isValidOpenAIModel("gpt-4")).toBe(false);
@@ -123,11 +123,9 @@ describe("tts", () => {
  });

  describe("OPENAI_TTS_MODELS", () => {
-    it("contains supported models", () => {
+    it("contains only gpt-4o-mini-tts", () => {
      expect(OPENAI_TTS_MODELS).toContain("gpt-4o-mini-tts");
-      expect(OPENAI_TTS_MODELS).toContain("tts-1");
-      expect(OPENAI_TTS_MODELS).toContain("tts-1-hd");
-      expect(OPENAI_TTS_MODELS).toHaveLength(3);
+      expect(OPENAI_TTS_MODELS).toHaveLength(1);
    });

    it("is a non-empty array", () => {
--- a/src/tts/tts.ts
+++ b/src/tts/tts.ts
@@ -76,11 +76,6 @@ const DEFAULT_OUTPUT = {
  voiceCompatible: false,
 };

-const TELEPHONY_OUTPUT = {
-  openai: { format: "pcm" as const, sampleRate: 24000 },
-  elevenlabs: { format: "pcm_22050", sampleRate: 22050 },
-};
-
 const TTS_AUTO_MODES = new Set<TtsAutoMode>(["off", "always", "inbound", "tagged"]);

 export type ResolvedTtsConfig = {
@@ -185,16 +180,6 @@ export type TtsResult = {
  voiceCompatible?: boolean;
 };

-export type TtsTelephonyResult = {
-  success: boolean;
-  audioBuffer?: Buffer;
-  error?: string;
-  latencyMs?: number;
-  provider?: string;
-  outputFormat?: string;
-  sampleRate?: number;
-};
-
 type TtsStatusEntry = {
  timestamp: number;
  success: boolean;
@@ -751,17 +736,7 @@ function parseTtsDirectives(
  };
 }

-export const OPENAI_TTS_MODELS = ["gpt-4o-mini-tts", "tts-1", "tts-1-hd"] as const;
-
-/**
- * Custom OpenAI-compatible TTS endpoint.
- * When set, model/voice validation is relaxed to allow non-OpenAI models.
- * Example: OPENAI_TTS_BASE_URL=http://localhost:8880/v1
- */
-const OPENAI_TTS_BASE_URL = (
-  process.env.OPENAI_TTS_BASE_URL?.trim() || "https://api.openai.com/v1"
-).replace(/\/+$/, "");
-const isCustomOpenAIEndpoint = OPENAI_TTS_BASE_URL !== "https://api.openai.com/v1";
+export const OPENAI_TTS_MODELS = ["gpt-4o-mini-tts"] as const;
 export const OPENAI_TTS_VOICES = [
  "alloy",
  "ash",
@@ -777,14 +752,10 @@ export const OPENAI_TTS_VOICES = [
 type OpenAiTtsVoice = (typeof OPENAI_TTS_VOICES)[number];

 function isValidOpenAIModel(model: string): boolean {
-  // Allow any model when using custom endpoint (e.g., Kokoro, LocalAI)
-  if (isCustomOpenAIEndpoint) return true;
  return OPENAI_TTS_MODELS.includes(model as (typeof OPENAI_TTS_MODELS)[number]);
 }

 function isValidOpenAIVoice(voice: string): voice is OpenAiTtsVoice {
-  // Allow any voice when using custom endpoint (e.g., Kokoro Chinese voices)
-  if (isCustomOpenAIEndpoint) return true;
  return OPENAI_TTS_VOICES.includes(voice as OpenAiTtsVoice);
 }

@@ -995,7 +966,7 @@ async function openaiTTS(params: {
  apiKey: string;
  model: string;
  voice: string;
-  responseFormat: "mp3" | "opus" | "pcm";
+  responseFormat: "mp3" | "opus";
  timeoutMs: number;
 }): Promise<Buffer> {
  const { text, apiKey, model, voice, responseFormat, timeoutMs } = params;
@@ -1011,7 +982,7 @@ async function openaiTTS(params: {
  const timeout = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), timeoutMs);

  try {
-    const response = await fetch(`${OPENAI_TTS_BASE_URL}/audio/speech`, {
+    const response = await fetch("https://api.openai.com/v1/audio/speech", {
      method: "POST",
      headers: {
        Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
@@ -1239,100 +1210,6 @@ export async function textToSpeech(params: {
  };
 }

-export async function textToSpeechTelephony(params: {
-  text: string;
-  cfg: ClawdbotConfig;
-  prefsPath?: string;
-}): Promise<TtsTelephonyResult> {
-  const config = resolveTtsConfig(params.cfg);
-  const prefsPath = params.prefsPath ?? resolveTtsPrefsPath(config);
-
-  if (params.text.length > config.maxTextLength) {
-    return {
-      success: false,
-      error: `Text too long (${params.text.length} chars, max ${config.maxTextLength})`,
-    };
-  }
-
-  const userProvider = getTtsProvider(config, prefsPath);
-  const providers = resolveTtsProviderOrder(userProvider);
-
-  let lastError: string | undefined;
-
-  for (const provider of providers) {
-    const providerStart = Date.now();
-    try {
-      if (provider === "edge") {
-        lastError = "edge: unsupported for telephony";
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      const apiKey = resolveTtsApiKey(config, provider);
-      if (!apiKey) {
-        lastError = `No API key for ${provider}`;
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      if (provider === "elevenlabs") {
-        const output = TELEPHONY_OUTPUT.elevenlabs;
-        const audioBuffer = await elevenLabsTTS({
-          text: params.text,
-          apiKey,
-          baseUrl: config.elevenlabs.baseUrl,
-          voiceId: config.elevenlabs.voiceId,
-          modelId: config.elevenlabs.modelId,
-          outputFormat: output.format,
-          seed: config.elevenlabs.seed,
-          applyTextNormalization: config.elevenlabs.applyTextNormalization,
-          languageCode: config.elevenlabs.languageCode,
-          voiceSettings: config.elevenlabs.voiceSettings,
-          timeoutMs: config.timeoutMs,
-        });
-
-        return {
-          success: true,
-          audioBuffer,
-          latencyMs: Date.now() - providerStart,
-          provider,
-          outputFormat: output.format,
-          sampleRate: output.sampleRate,
-        };
-      }
-
-      const output = TELEPHONY_OUTPUT.openai;
-      const audioBuffer = await openaiTTS({
-        text: params.text,
-        apiKey,
-        model: config.openai.model,
-        voice: config.openai.voice,
-        responseFormat: output.format,
-        timeoutMs: config.timeoutMs,
-      });
-
-      return {
-        success: true,
-        audioBuffer,
-        latencyMs: Date.now() - providerStart,
-        provider,
-        outputFormat: output.format,
-        sampleRate: output.sampleRate,
-      };
-    } catch (err) {
-      const error = err as Error;
-      if (error.name === "AbortError") {
-        lastError = `${provider}: request timed out`;
-      } else {
-        lastError = `${provider}: ${error.message}`;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  return {
-    success: false,
-    error: `TTS conversion failed: ${lastError || "no providers available"}`,
-  };
-}
-
 export async function maybeApplyTtsToPayload(params: {
  payload: ReplyPayload;
  cfg: ClawdbotConfig;
--- a/ui/src/ui/app-gateway.ts
+++ b/ui/src/ui/app-gateway.ts
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ export function connectGateway(host: GatewayHost) {
    mode: "webchat",
    onHello: (hello) => {
      host.connected = true;
-      host.lastError = null;
      host.hello = hello;
      applySnapshot(host, hello);
      void loadAssistantIdentity(host as unknown as ClawdbotApp);
@@ -135,10 +134,7 @@ export function connectGateway(host: GatewayHost) {
    },
    onClose: ({ code, reason }) => {
      host.connected = false;
-      // Code 1012 = Service Restart (expected during config saves, don't show as error)
-      if (code !== 1012) {
-        host.lastError = `disconnected (${code}): ${reason || "no reason"}`;
-      }
+      host.lastError = `disconnected (${code}): ${reason || "no reason"}`;
    },
    onEvent: (evt) => handleGatewayEvent(host, evt),
    onGap: ({ expected, received }) => {
--- a/ui/src/ui/views/config.browser.test.ts
+++ b/ui/src/ui/views/config.browser.test.ts
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ describe("config view", () => {
    onSubsectionChange: vi.fn(),
  });

-  it("allows save when form is unsafe", () => {
+  it("disables save when form is unsafe", () => {
    const container = document.createElement("div");
    render(
      renderConfig({
@@ -59,28 +59,6 @@ describe("config view", () => {
      container,
    );

-    const saveButton = Array.from(
-      container.querySelectorAll("button"),
-    ).find((btn) => btn.textContent?.trim() === "Save") as
-      | HTMLButtonElement
-      | undefined;
-    expect(saveButton).not.toBeUndefined();
-    expect(saveButton?.disabled).toBe(false);
-  });
-
-  it("disables save when schema is missing", () => {
-    const container = document.createElement("div");
-    render(
-      renderConfig({
-        ...baseProps(),
-        schema: null,
-        formMode: "form",
-        formValue: { gateway: { mode: "local" } },
-        originalValue: {},
-      }),
-      container,
-    );
-
    const saveButton = Array.from(
      container.querySelectorAll("button"),
    ).find((btn) => btn.textContent?.trim() === "Save") as
--- a/ui/src/ui/views/config.ts
+++ b/ui/src/ui/views/config.ts
@@ -233,10 +233,9 @@ export function renderConfig(props: ConfigProps) {
  const hasRawChanges = props.formMode === "raw" && props.raw !== props.originalRaw;
  const hasChanges = props.formMode === "form" ? diff.length > 0 : hasRawChanges;

-  // Save/apply buttons require actual changes to be enabled.
-  // Note: formUnsafe warns about unsupported schema paths but shouldn't block saving.
+  // Save/apply buttons require actual changes to be enabled
  const canSaveForm =
-    Boolean(props.formValue) && !props.loading && Boolean(analysis.schema);
+    Boolean(props.formValue) && !props.loading && !formUnsafe;
  const canSave =
    props.connected &&
    !props.saving &&