fix: normalize libsignal lockfile source URL

Merged via squash.

Prepared head SHA: c290c2ab6a
Co-authored-by: joshavant <830519+joshavant@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: joshavant <830519+joshavant@users.noreply.github.com>
Reviewed-by: @joshavant

.dockerignore

@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ vendor/
 # Keep the rest of apps/ and vendor/ excluded to avoid a large build context.
 !apps/shared/
 !apps/shared/OpenClawKit/
+!apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/
+!apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/
+!apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/Resources/
+!apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/Resources/tool-display.json
 !apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tools/
 !apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tools/CanvasA2UI/
 !apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tools/CanvasA2UI/**

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name: Bug report
-description: Report a defect or unexpected behavior in OpenClaw.
+description: Report defects, including regressions, crashes, and behavior bugs.
 title: "[Bug]: "
 labels:
   - bug
@@ -8,6 +8,17 @@ body:
     attributes:
       value: |
         Thanks for filing this report. Keep it concise, reproducible, and evidence-based.
+  - type: dropdown
+    id: bug_type
+    attributes:
+      label: Bug type
+      description: Choose the category that best matches this report.
+      options:
+        - Regression (worked before, now fails)
+        - Crash (process/app exits or hangs)
+        - Behavior bug (incorrect output/state without crash)
+    validations:
+      required: true
   - type: textarea
     id: summary
     attributes:
@@ -91,5 +102,5 @@ body:
     id: additional_information
     attributes:
       label: Additional information
-      description: Add any context that helps triage but does not fit above.
-      placeholder: Regression started after upgrade from <previous-version>; temporary workaround is ...
+      description: Add any context that helps triage but does not fit above. If this is a regression, include the last known good and first known bad versions.
+      placeholder: Last known good version <...>, first known bad version <...>, temporary workaround is ...

.github/actionlint.yaml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ self-hosted-runner:
     - blacksmith-8vcpu-windows-2025
     - blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     - blacksmith-16vcpu-windows-2025
+    - blacksmith-32vcpu-windows-2025
     - blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404-arm
 
 # Ignore patterns for known issues

.github/actions/setup-node-env/action.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: Setup Node environment
 description: >
   Initialize submodules with retry, install Node 22, pnpm, optionally Bun,
-  and run pnpm install. Requires actions/checkout to run first.
+  and optionally run pnpm install. Requires actions/checkout to run first.
 inputs:
   node-version:
     description: Node.js version to install.
@@ -15,6 +15,14 @@ inputs:
     description: Whether to install Bun alongside Node.
     required: false
     default: "true"
+  use-sticky-disk:
+    description: Use Blacksmith sticky disks for pnpm store caching.
+    required: false
+    default: "false"
+  install-deps:
+    description: Whether to run pnpm install after environment setup.
+    required: false
+    default: "true"
   frozen-lockfile:
     description: Whether to use --frozen-lockfile for install.
     required: false
@@ -40,13 +48,14 @@ runs:
       uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4.4.0
       with:
         node-version: ${{ inputs.node-version }}
-        check-latest: true
+        check-latest: false
 
     - name: Setup pnpm + cache store
       uses: ./.github/actions/setup-pnpm-store-cache
       with:
         pnpm-version: ${{ inputs.pnpm-version }}
         cache-key-suffix: "node22"
+        use-sticky-disk: ${{ inputs.use-sticky-disk }}
 
     - name: Setup Bun
       if: inputs.install-bun == 'true'
@@ -63,10 +72,12 @@ runs:
         if command -v bun &>/dev/null; then bun -v; fi
 
     - name: Capture node path
+      if: inputs.install-deps == 'true'
       shell: bash
       run: echo "NODE_BIN=$(dirname "$(node -p "process.execPath")")" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
     - name: Install dependencies
+      if: inputs.install-deps == 'true'
       shell: bash
       env:
         CI: "true"

.github/actions/setup-pnpm-store-cache/action.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,18 @@ inputs:
     description: Suffix appended to the cache key.
     required: false
     default: "node22"
+  use-sticky-disk:
+    description: Use Blacksmith sticky disks instead of actions/cache for pnpm store.
+    required: false
+    default: "false"
+  use-restore-keys:
+    description: Whether to use restore-keys fallback for actions/cache.
+    required: false
+    default: "true"
+  use-actions-cache:
+    description: Whether to restore/save pnpm store with actions/cache.
+    required: false
+    default: "true"
 runs:
   using: composite
   steps:
@@ -38,7 +50,22 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
       run: echo "path=$(pnpm store path --silent)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
-    - name: Restore pnpm store cache
+    - name: Mount pnpm store sticky disk
+      if: inputs.use-sticky-disk == 'true'
+      uses: useblacksmith/stickydisk@v1
+      with:
+        key: ${{ github.repository }}-pnpm-store-${{ runner.os }}-${{ inputs.cache-key-suffix }}
+        path: ${{ steps.pnpm-store.outputs.path }}
+
+    - name: Restore pnpm store cache (exact key only)
+      if: inputs.use-actions-cache == 'true' && inputs.use-sticky-disk != 'true' && inputs.use-restore-keys != 'true'
+      uses: actions/cache@v4
+      with:
+        path: ${{ steps.pnpm-store.outputs.path }}
+        key: ${{ runner.os }}-pnpm-store-${{ inputs.cache-key-suffix }}-${{ hashFiles('pnpm-lock.yaml') }}
+
+    - name: Restore pnpm store cache (with fallback keys)
+      if: inputs.use-actions-cache == 'true' && inputs.use-sticky-disk != 'true' && inputs.use-restore-keys == 'true'
       uses: actions/cache@v4
       with:
         path: ${{ steps.pnpm-store.outputs.path }}

.github/workflows/auto-response.yml

@@ -19,13 +19,20 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
         id: app-token
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           app-id: "2729701"
           private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token-fallback
+        if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'failure'
+        with:
+          app-id: "2971289"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_FALLBACK }}
       - name: Handle labeled items
         uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             // Labels prefixed with "r:" are auto-response triggers.
             const rules = [
@@ -70,6 +77,116 @@ jobs:
             const mentionRegex = /@([A-Za-z0-9-]+)/g;
             const maintainerCache = new Map();
             const normalizeLogin = (login) => login.toLowerCase();
+            const bugSubtypeLabelSpecs = {
+              regression: {
+                color: "D93F0B",
+                description: "Behavior that previously worked and now fails",
+              },
+              "bug:crash": {
+                color: "B60205",
+                description: "Process/app exits unexpectedly or hangs",
+              },
+              "bug:behavior": {
+                color: "D73A4A",
+                description: "Incorrect behavior without a crash",
+              },
+            };
+            const bugTypeToLabel = {
+              "Regression (worked before, now fails)": "regression",
+              "Crash (process/app exits or hangs)": "bug:crash",
+              "Behavior bug (incorrect output/state without crash)": "bug:behavior",
+            };
+            const bugSubtypeLabels = Object.keys(bugSubtypeLabelSpecs);
+
+            const extractIssueFormValue = (body, field) => {
+              if (!body) {
+                return "";
+              }
+              const escapedField = field.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, "\\$&");
+              const regex = new RegExp(
+                `(?:^|\\n)###\\s+${escapedField}\\s*\\n([\\s\\S]*?)(?=\\n###\\s+|$)`,
+                "i",
+              );
+              const match = body.match(regex);
+              if (!match) {
+                return "";
+              }
+              for (const line of match[1].split("\n")) {
+                const trimmed = line.trim();
+                if (trimmed) {
+                  return trimmed;
+                }
+              }
+              return "";
+            };
+
+            const ensureLabelExists = async (name, color, description) => {
+              try {
+                await github.rest.issues.getLabel({
+                  owner: context.repo.owner,
+                  repo: context.repo.repo,
+                  name,
+                });
+              } catch (error) {
+                if (error?.status !== 404) {
+                  throw error;
+                }
+                await github.rest.issues.createLabel({
+                  owner: context.repo.owner,
+                  repo: context.repo.repo,
+                  name,
+                  color,
+                  description,
+                });
+              }
+            };
+
+            const syncBugSubtypeLabel = async (issue, labelSet) => {
+              if (!labelSet.has("bug")) {
+                return;
+              }
+
+              const selectedBugType = extractIssueFormValue(issue.body ?? "", "Bug type");
+              const targetLabel = bugTypeToLabel[selectedBugType];
+              if (!targetLabel) {
+                return;
+              }
+
+              const targetSpec = bugSubtypeLabelSpecs[targetLabel];
+              await ensureLabelExists(targetLabel, targetSpec.color, targetSpec.description);
+
+              for (const subtypeLabel of bugSubtypeLabels) {
+                if (subtypeLabel === targetLabel) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                if (!labelSet.has(subtypeLabel)) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                try {
+                  await github.rest.issues.removeLabel({
+                    owner: context.repo.owner,
+                    repo: context.repo.repo,
+                    issue_number: issue.number,
+                    name: subtypeLabel,
+                  });
+                  labelSet.delete(subtypeLabel);
+                } catch (error) {
+                  if (error?.status !== 404) {
+                    throw error;
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+
+              if (!labelSet.has(targetLabel)) {
+                await github.rest.issues.addLabels({
+                  owner: context.repo.owner,
+                  repo: context.repo.repo,
+                  issue_number: issue.number,
+                  labels: [targetLabel],
+                });
+                labelSet.add(targetLabel);
+              }
+            };
 
             const isMaintainer = async (login) => {
               if (!login) {
@@ -194,6 +311,8 @@ jobs:
                     body: pingWarningMessage,
                   });
                 }
+
+                await syncBugSubtypeLabel(issue, labelSet);
               }
             }
 

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -32,12 +32,13 @@ jobs:
   # Push to main keeps broad coverage.
   changed-scope:
     needs: [docs-scope]
-    if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true'
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true'
     runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     outputs:
       run_node: ${{ steps.scope.outputs.run_node }}
       run_macos: ${{ steps.scope.outputs.run_macos }}
       run_android: ${{ steps.scope.outputs.run_android }}
+      run_windows: ${{ steps.scope.outputs.run_windows }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -57,75 +58,11 @@ jobs:
             BASE="${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}"
           fi
 
-          CHANGED="$(git diff --name-only "$BASE" HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo "UNKNOWN")"
-          if [ "$CHANGED" = "UNKNOWN" ] || [ -z "$CHANGED" ]; then
-            # Fail-safe: run broad checks if detection fails.
-            echo "run_node=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-            echo "run_macos=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-            echo "run_android=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-
-          run_node=false
-          run_macos=false
-          run_android=false
-          has_non_docs=false
-          has_non_native_non_docs=false
-
-          while IFS= read -r path; do
-            [ -z "$path" ] && continue
-            case "$path" in
-              docs/*|*.md|*.mdx)
-                continue
-                ;;
-              *)
-                has_non_docs=true
-                ;;
-            esac
-
-            case "$path" in
-              # Generated protocol models are already covered by protocol:check and
-              # should not force the full native macOS lane.
-              apps/macos/Sources/OpenClawProtocol/*|apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawProtocol/*)
-                ;;
-              apps/macos/*|apps/ios/*|apps/shared/*|Swabble/*)
-                run_macos=true
-                ;;
-            esac
-
-            case "$path" in
-              apps/android/*|apps/shared/*)
-                run_android=true
-                ;;
-            esac
-
-            case "$path" in
-              src/*|test/*|extensions/*|packages/*|scripts/*|ui/*|.github/*|openclaw.mjs|package.json|pnpm-lock.yaml|pnpm-workspace.yaml|tsconfig*.json|vitest*.ts|tsdown.config.ts|.oxlintrc.json|.oxfmtrc.jsonc)
-                run_node=true
-                ;;
-            esac
-
-            case "$path" in
-              apps/android/*|apps/ios/*|apps/macos/*|apps/shared/*|Swabble/*|appcast.xml)
-                ;;
-              *)
-                has_non_native_non_docs=true
-                ;;
-            esac
-          done <<< "$CHANGED"
-
-          # If there are non-doc files outside native app trees, keep Node checks enabled.
-          if [ "$run_node" = false ] && [ "$has_non_docs" = true ] && [ "$has_non_native_non_docs" = true ]; then
-            run_node=true
-          fi
-
-          echo "run_node=${run_node}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "run_macos=${run_macos}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "run_android=${run_android}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          node scripts/ci-changed-scope.mjs --base "$BASE" --head HEAD
 
   # Build dist once for Node-relevant changes and share it with downstream jobs.
   build-artifacts:
-    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope, check]
+    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope]
     if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_node == 'true')
     runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     steps:
@@ -138,6 +75,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Build dist
         run: pnpm build
@@ -164,6 +102,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Download dist artifact
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
@@ -175,7 +114,7 @@ jobs:
         run: pnpm release:check
 
   checks:
-    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope, check]
+    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope]
     if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_node == 'true')
     runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     strategy:
@@ -207,10 +146,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "${{ matrix.runtime == 'bun' }}"
-
-      - name: Configure vitest JSON reports
-        if: (github.event_name != 'push' || matrix.runtime != 'bun') && matrix.task == 'test' && matrix.runtime == 'node'
-        run: echo "OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR=$RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-reports" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Configure Node test resources
         if: (github.event_name != 'push' || matrix.runtime != 'bun') && matrix.task == 'test' && matrix.runtime == 'node'
@@ -224,26 +160,11 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.runtime != 'bun' || github.event_name != 'push'
         run: ${{ matrix.command }}
 
-      - name: Summarize slowest tests
-        if: (github.event_name != 'push' || matrix.runtime != 'bun') && matrix.task == 'test' && matrix.runtime == 'node'
-        run: |
-          node scripts/vitest-slowest.mjs --dir "$OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR" --top 50 --out "$RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-slowest.md" > /dev/null
-          echo "Slowest test summary written to $RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-slowest.md"
-
-      - name: Upload vitest reports
-        if: (github.event_name != 'push' || matrix.runtime != 'bun') && matrix.task == 'test' && matrix.runtime == 'node'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: vitest-reports-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.runtime }}
-          path: |
-            ${{ env.OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR }}
-            ${{ runner.temp }}/vitest-slowest.md
-
   # Types, lint, and format check.
   check:
     name: "check"
-    needs: [docs-scope]
-    if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true'
+    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope]
+    if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_node == 'true')
     runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
@@ -255,10 +176,14 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Check types and lint and oxfmt
         run: pnpm check
 
+      - name: Strict TS build smoke
+        run: pnpm build:strict-smoke
+
       - name: Enforce safe external URL opening policy
         run: pnpm lint:ui:no-raw-window-open
 
@@ -291,6 +216,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Run ${{ matrix.tool }} dead-code scan
         run: ${{ matrix.command }}
@@ -316,6 +242,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Check docs
         run: pnpm check:docs
@@ -358,6 +285,8 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
         with:
           install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "false"
+          install-deps: "false"
 
       - name: Setup Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@v5
@@ -401,15 +330,15 @@ jobs:
         run: pre-commit run --all-files pnpm-audit-prod
 
   checks-windows:
-    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope, build-artifacts, check]
-    if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_node == 'true')
-    runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-windows-2025
+    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope]
+    if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_windows == 'true')
+    runs-on: blacksmith-32vcpu-windows-2025
     timeout-minutes: 45
     env:
-      NODE_OPTIONS: --max-old-space-size=4096
-      # Keep total concurrency predictable on the 16 vCPU runner:
-      # `scripts/test-parallel.mjs` runs some vitest suites in parallel processes.
-      OPENCLAW_TEST_WORKERS: 2
+      NODE_OPTIONS: --max-old-space-size=6144
+      # Keep total concurrency predictable on the 32 vCPU runner.
+      # Windows shard 2 has shown intermittent instability at 2 workers.
+      OPENCLAW_TEST_WORKERS: 1
     defaults:
       run:
         shell: bash
@@ -417,26 +346,36 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         include:
-          - runtime: node
-            task: lint
-            shard_index: 0
-            shard_count: 1
-            command: pnpm lint
           - runtime: node
             task: test
             shard_index: 1
-            shard_count: 2
-            command: pnpm canvas:a2ui:bundle && pnpm test
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
           - runtime: node
             task: test
             shard_index: 2
-            shard_count: 2
-            command: pnpm canvas:a2ui:bundle && pnpm test
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
           - runtime: node
-            task: protocol
-            shard_index: 0
-            shard_count: 1
-            command: pnpm protocol:check
+            task: test
+            shard_index: 3
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
+          - runtime: node
+            task: test
+            shard_index: 4
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
+          - runtime: node
+            task: test
+            shard_index: 5
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
+          - runtime: node
+            task: test
+            shard_index: 6
+            shard_count: 6
+            command: pnpm test
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -462,31 +401,22 @@ jobs:
             Write-Warning "Failed to apply Defender exclusions, continuing. $($_.Exception.Message)"
           }
 
-      - name: Download dist artifact (lint lane)
-        if: matrix.task == 'lint'
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: dist-build
-          path: dist/
-
-      - name: Verify dist artifact (lint lane)
-        if: matrix.task == 'lint'
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          test -s dist/index.js
-          test -s dist/plugin-sdk/index.js
-
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4.4.0
         with:
           node-version: 22.x
-          check-latest: true
+          check-latest: false
 
       - name: Setup pnpm + cache store
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-pnpm-store-cache
         with:
           pnpm-version: "10.23.0"
           cache-key-suffix: "node22"
+          # Sticky disk mount currently retries/fails on every shard and adds ~50s
+          # before install while still yielding zero pnpm store reuse.
+          use-sticky-disk: "false"
+          use-restore-keys: "false"
+          use-actions-cache: "false"
 
       - name: Runtime versions
         run: |
@@ -505,7 +435,7 @@ jobs:
           which node
           node -v
           pnpm -v
-          pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts=false --config.engine-strict=false --config.enable-pre-post-scripts=true || pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --ignore-scripts=false --config.engine-strict=false --config.enable-pre-post-scripts=true
+          pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --prefer-offline --ignore-scripts=false --config.engine-strict=false --config.enable-pre-post-scripts=true || pnpm install --frozen-lockfile --prefer-offline --ignore-scripts=false --config.engine-strict=false --config.enable-pre-post-scripts=true
 
       - name: Configure test shard (Windows)
         if: matrix.task == 'test'
@@ -513,28 +443,13 @@ jobs:
           echo "OPENCLAW_TEST_SHARDS=${{ matrix.shard_count }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "OPENCLAW_TEST_SHARD_INDEX=${{ matrix.shard_index }}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
-      - name: Configure vitest JSON reports
+      - name: Build A2UI bundle (Windows)
         if: matrix.task == 'test'
-        run: echo "OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR=$RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-reports" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+        run: pnpm canvas:a2ui:bundle
 
       - name: Run ${{ matrix.task }} (${{ matrix.runtime }})
         run: ${{ matrix.command }}
 
-      - name: Summarize slowest tests
-        if: matrix.task == 'test'
-        run: |
-          node scripts/vitest-slowest.mjs --dir "$OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR" --top 50 --out "$RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-slowest.md" > /dev/null
-          echo "Slowest test summary written to $RUNNER_TEMP/vitest-slowest.md"
-
-      - name: Upload vitest reports
-        if: matrix.task == 'test'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: vitest-reports-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.runtime }}-shard${{ matrix.shard_index }}of${{ matrix.shard_count }}
-          path: |
-            ${{ env.OPENCLAW_VITEST_REPORT_DIR }}
-            ${{ runner.temp }}/vitest-slowest.md
-
   # Consolidated macOS job: runs TS tests + Swift lint/build/test sequentially
   # on a single runner. GitHub limits macOS concurrent jobs to 5 per org;
   # running 4 separate jobs per PR (as before) starved the queue. One job
@@ -773,7 +688,7 @@ jobs:
           PY
 
   android:
-    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope, check]
+    needs: [docs-scope, changed-scope]
     if: needs.docs-scope.outputs.docs_only != 'true' && (github.event_name == 'push' || needs.changed-scope.outputs.run_android == 'true')
     runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
     strategy:

.github/workflows/docker-release.yml

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Set up Docker Builder
+        uses: useblacksmith/setup-docker-builder@v1
 
       - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
         uses: docker/login-action@v3
@@ -69,15 +69,35 @@ jobs:
             echo "EOF"
           } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
+      - name: Resolve OCI labels (amd64)
+        id: labels
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          version="${GITHUB_SHA}"
+          if [[ "${GITHUB_REF}" == "refs/heads/main" ]]; then
+            version="main"
+          fi
+          if [[ "${GITHUB_REF}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
+            version="${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/v}"
+          fi
+          created="$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+          {
+            echo "value<<EOF"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.revision=${GITHUB_SHA}"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.version=${version}"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.created=${created}"
+            echo "EOF"
+          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
       - name: Build and push amd64 image
         id: build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: useblacksmith/build-push-action@v2
         with:
           context: .
           platforms: linux/amd64
           tags: ${{ steps.tags.outputs.value }}
-          cache-from: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}-cache:amd64
-          cache-to: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}-cache:amd64,mode=max
+          labels: ${{ steps.labels.outputs.value }}
           provenance: false
           push: true
 
@@ -93,8 +113,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Set up Docker Builder
+        uses: useblacksmith/setup-docker-builder@v1
 
       - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
         uses: docker/login-action@v3
@@ -128,15 +148,35 @@ jobs:
             echo "EOF"
           } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
+      - name: Resolve OCI labels (arm64)
+        id: labels
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          version="${GITHUB_SHA}"
+          if [[ "${GITHUB_REF}" == "refs/heads/main" ]]; then
+            version="main"
+          fi
+          if [[ "${GITHUB_REF}" == refs/tags/v* ]]; then
+            version="${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/v}"
+          fi
+          created="$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+          {
+            echo "value<<EOF"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.revision=${GITHUB_SHA}"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.version=${version}"
+            echo "org.opencontainers.image.created=${created}"
+            echo "EOF"
+          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
       - name: Build and push arm64 image
         id: build
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        uses: useblacksmith/build-push-action@v2
         with:
           context: .
           platforms: linux/arm64
           tags: ${{ steps.tags.outputs.value }}
-          cache-from: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}-cache:arm64
-          cache-to: type=registry,ref=${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}-cache:arm64,mode=max
+          labels: ${{ steps.labels.outputs.value }}
           provenance: false
           push: true
 

.github/workflows/install-smoke.yml

@@ -44,10 +44,14 @@ jobs:
         with:
           pnpm-version: "10.23.0"
           cache-key-suffix: "node22"
+          use-sticky-disk: "true"
 
       - name: Install pnpm deps (minimal)
         run: pnpm install --ignore-scripts --frozen-lockfile
 
+      - name: Set up Docker Builder
+        uses: useblacksmith/setup-docker-builder@v1
+
       - name: Run root Dockerfile CLI smoke
         run: |
           docker build -t openclaw-dockerfile-smoke:local -f Dockerfile .

.github/workflows/labeler.yml

@@ -27,18 +27,25 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
         id: app-token
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           app-id: "2729701"
           private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token-fallback
+        if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'failure'
+        with:
+          app-id: "2971289"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_FALLBACK }}
       - uses: actions/labeler@8558fd74291d67161a8a78ce36a881fa63b766a9 # v5
         with:
           configuration-path: .github/labeler.yml
-          repo-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          repo-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           sync-labels: true
       - name: Apply PR size label
         uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             const pullRequest = context.payload.pull_request;
             if (!pullRequest) {
@@ -127,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Apply maintainer or trusted-contributor label
         uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             const login = context.payload.pull_request?.user?.login;
             if (!login) {
@@ -204,13 +211,20 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
         id: app-token
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           app-id: "2729701"
           private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token-fallback
+        if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'failure'
+        with:
+          app-id: "2971289"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_FALLBACK }}
       - name: Backfill PR labels
         uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             const owner = context.repo.owner;
             const repo = context.repo.repo;
@@ -444,13 +458,20 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
         id: app-token
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           app-id: "2729701"
           private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token-fallback
+        if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'failure'
+        with:
+          app-id: "2971289"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_FALLBACK }}
       - name: Apply maintainer or trusted-contributor label
         uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
         with:
-          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           script: |
             const login = context.payload.issue?.user?.login;
             if (!login) {

.github/workflows/sandbox-common-smoke.yml

@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ jobs:
         with:
           submodules: false
 
+      - name: Set up Docker Builder
+        uses: useblacksmith/setup-docker-builder@v1
+
       - name: Build minimal sandbox base (USER sandbox)
         shell: bash
         run: |

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -16,13 +16,20 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
         id: app-token
+        continue-on-error: true
         with:
           app-id: "2729701"
           private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token-fallback
+        if: steps.app-token.outcome == 'failure'
+        with:
+          app-id: "2971289"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY_FALLBACK }}
       - name: Mark stale issues and pull requests
         uses: actions/stale@v9
         with:
-          repo-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          repo-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token || steps.app-token-fallback.outputs.token }}
           days-before-issue-stale: 7
           days-before-issue-close: 5
           days-before-pr-stale: 5
@@ -49,3 +56,100 @@ jobs:
             Closing due to inactivity.
             If you believe this PR should be revived, post in #pr-thunderdome-dangerzone on Discord to talk to a maintainer.
             That channel is the escape hatch for high-quality PRs that get auto-closed.
+
+  lock-closed-issues:
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+    runs-on: blacksmith-16vcpu-ubuntu-2404
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/create-github-app-token@d72941d797fd3113feb6b93fd0dec494b13a2547 # v1
+        id: app-token
+        with:
+          app-id: "2729701"
+          private-key: ${{ secrets.GH_APP_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+      - name: Lock closed issues after 48h of no comments
+        uses: actions/github-script@f28e40c7f34bde8b3046d885e986cb6290c5673b # v7
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ steps.app-token.outputs.token }}
+          script: |
+            const lockAfterHours = 48;
+            const lockAfterMs = lockAfterHours * 60 * 60 * 1000;
+            const perPage = 100;
+            const cutoffMs = Date.now() - lockAfterMs;
+            const { owner, repo } = context.repo;
+
+            let locked = 0;
+            let inspected = 0;
+
+            let page = 1;
+            while (true) {
+              const { data: issues } = await github.rest.issues.listForRepo({
+                owner,
+                repo,
+                state: "closed",
+                sort: "updated",
+                direction: "desc",
+                per_page: perPage,
+                page,
+              });
+
+              if (issues.length === 0) {
+                break;
+              }
+
+              for (const issue of issues) {
+                if (issue.pull_request) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                if (issue.locked) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                if (!issue.closed_at) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+
+                inspected += 1;
+                const closedAtMs = Date.parse(issue.closed_at);
+                if (!Number.isFinite(closedAtMs)) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+                if (closedAtMs > cutoffMs) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+
+                let lastCommentMs = 0;
+                if (issue.comments > 0) {
+                  const { data: comments } = await github.rest.issues.listComments({
+                    owner,
+                    repo,
+                    issue_number: issue.number,
+                    per_page: 1,
+                    page: 1,
+                    sort: "created",
+                    direction: "desc",
+                  });
+
+                  if (comments.length > 0) {
+                    lastCommentMs = Date.parse(comments[0].created_at);
+                  }
+                }
+
+                const lastActivityMs = Math.max(closedAtMs, lastCommentMs || 0);
+                if (lastActivityMs > cutoffMs) {
+                  continue;
+                }
+
+                await github.rest.issues.lock({
+                  owner,
+                  repo,
+                  issue_number: issue.number,
+                  lock_reason: "resolved",
+                });
+
+                locked += 1;
+              }
+
+              page += 1;
+            }
+
+            core.info(`Inspected ${inspected} closed issues; locked ${locked}.`);

.gitignore

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ mise.toml
 apps/android/.gradle/
 apps/android/app/build/
 apps/android/.cxx/
+apps/android/.kotlin/
 
 # Bun build artifacts
 *.bun-build
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ USER.md
 !.agent/workflows/
 /local/
 package-lock.json
-.claude/settings.local.json
+.claude/
 .agents/
 .agents
 .agent/

.pi/extensions/diff.ts

@@ -6,15 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 import type { ExtensionAPI } from "@mariozechner/pi-coding-agent";
-import { DynamicBorder } from "@mariozechner/pi-coding-agent";
-import {
-  Container,
-  Key,
-  matchesKey,
-  type SelectItem,
-  SelectList,
-  Text,
-} from "@mariozechner/pi-tui";
+import { showPagedSelectList } from "./ui/paged-select";
 
 interface FileInfo {
   status: string;
@@ -108,87 +100,17 @@ export default function (pi: ExtensionAPI) {
         }
       };
 
-      // Show file picker with SelectList
-      await ctx.ui.custom<void>((tui, theme, _kb, done) => {
-        const container = new Container();
-
-        // Top border
-        container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
-
-        // Title
-        container.addChild(new Text(theme.fg("accent", theme.bold(" Select file to diff")), 0, 0));
-
-        // Build select items with colored status
-        const items: SelectItem[] = files.map((f) => {
-          let statusColor: string;
-          switch (f.status) {
-            case "M":
-              statusColor = theme.fg("warning", f.status);
-              break;
-            case "A":
-              statusColor = theme.fg("success", f.status);
-              break;
-            case "D":
-              statusColor = theme.fg("error", f.status);
-              break;
-            case "?":
-              statusColor = theme.fg("muted", f.status);
-              break;
-            default:
-              statusColor = theme.fg("dim", f.status);
-          }
-          return {
-            value: f,
-            label: `${statusColor} ${f.file}`,
-          };
-        });
-
-        const visibleRows = Math.min(files.length, 15);
-        let currentIndex = 0;
-
-        const selectList = new SelectList(items, visibleRows, {
-          selectedPrefix: (t) => theme.fg("accent", t),
-          selectedText: (t) => t, // Keep existing colors
-          description: (t) => theme.fg("muted", t),
-          scrollInfo: (t) => theme.fg("dim", t),
-          noMatch: (t) => theme.fg("warning", t),
-        });
-        selectList.onSelect = (item) => {
+      const items = files.map((file) => ({
+        value: file,
+        label: `${file.status} ${file.file}`,
+      }));
+      await showPagedSelectList({
+        ctx,
+        title: " Select file to diff",
+        items,
+        onSelect: (item) => {
           void openSelected(item.value as FileInfo);
-        };
-        selectList.onCancel = () => done();
-        selectList.onSelectionChange = (item) => {
-          currentIndex = items.indexOf(item);
-        };
-        container.addChild(selectList);
-
-        // Help text
-        container.addChild(
-          new Text(theme.fg("dim", " ↑↓ navigate • ←→ page • enter open • esc close"), 0, 0),
-        );
-
-        // Bottom border
-        container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
-
-        return {
-          render: (w) => container.render(w),
-          invalidate: () => container.invalidate(),
-          handleInput: (data) => {
-            // Add paging with left/right
-            if (matchesKey(data, Key.left)) {
-              // Page up - clamp to 0
-              currentIndex = Math.max(0, currentIndex - visibleRows);
-              selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
-            } else if (matchesKey(data, Key.right)) {
-              // Page down - clamp to last
-              currentIndex = Math.min(items.length - 1, currentIndex + visibleRows);
-              selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
-            } else {
-              selectList.handleInput(data);
-            }
-            tui.requestRender();
-          },
-        };
+        },
       });
     },
   });

.pi/extensions/files.ts

@@ -6,15 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 import type { ExtensionAPI } from "@mariozechner/pi-coding-agent";
-import { DynamicBorder } from "@mariozechner/pi-coding-agent";
-import {
-  Container,
-  Key,
-  matchesKey,
-  type SelectItem,
-  SelectList,
-  Text,
-} from "@mariozechner/pi-tui";
+import { showPagedSelectList } from "./ui/paged-select";
 
 interface FileEntry {
   path: string;
@@ -113,82 +105,30 @@ export default function (pi: ExtensionAPI) {
         }
       };
 
-      // Show file picker with SelectList
-      await ctx.ui.custom<void>((tui, theme, _kb, done) => {
-        const container = new Container();
-
-        // Top border
-        container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
-
-        // Title
-        container.addChild(new Text(theme.fg("accent", theme.bold(" Select file to open")), 0, 0));
-
-        // Build select items with colored operations
-        const items: SelectItem[] = files.map((f) => {
-          const ops: string[] = [];
-          if (f.operations.has("read")) {
-            ops.push(theme.fg("muted", "R"));
-          }
-          if (f.operations.has("write")) {
-            ops.push(theme.fg("success", "W"));
-          }
-          if (f.operations.has("edit")) {
-            ops.push(theme.fg("warning", "E"));
-          }
-          const opsLabel = ops.join("");
-          return {
-            value: f,
-            label: `${opsLabel} ${f.path}`,
-          };
-        });
-
-        const visibleRows = Math.min(files.length, 15);
-        let currentIndex = 0;
-
-        const selectList = new SelectList(items, visibleRows, {
-          selectedPrefix: (t) => theme.fg("accent", t),
-          selectedText: (t) => t, // Keep existing colors
-          description: (t) => theme.fg("muted", t),
-          scrollInfo: (t) => theme.fg("dim", t),
-          noMatch: (t) => theme.fg("warning", t),
-        });
-        selectList.onSelect = (item) => {
-          void openSelected(item.value as FileEntry);
-        };
-        selectList.onCancel = () => done();
-        selectList.onSelectionChange = (item) => {
-          currentIndex = items.indexOf(item);
-        };
-        container.addChild(selectList);
-
-        // Help text
-        container.addChild(
-          new Text(theme.fg("dim", " ↑↓ navigate • ←→ page • enter open • esc close"), 0, 0),
-        );
-
-        // Bottom border
-        container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
-
+      const items = files.map((file) => {
+        const ops: string[] = [];
+        if (file.operations.has("read")) {
+          ops.push("R");
+        }
+        if (file.operations.has("write")) {
+          ops.push("W");
+        }
+        if (file.operations.has("edit")) {
+          ops.push("E");
+        }
         return {
-          render: (w) => container.render(w),
-          invalidate: () => container.invalidate(),
-          handleInput: (data) => {
-            // Add paging with left/right
-            if (matchesKey(data, Key.left)) {
-              // Page up - clamp to 0
-              currentIndex = Math.max(0, currentIndex - visibleRows);
-              selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
-            } else if (matchesKey(data, Key.right)) {
-              // Page down - clamp to last
-              currentIndex = Math.min(items.length - 1, currentIndex + visibleRows);
-              selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
-            } else {
-              selectList.handleInput(data);
-            }
-            tui.requestRender();
-          },
+          value: file,
+          label: `${ops.join("")} ${file.path}`,
         };
       });
+      await showPagedSelectList({
+        ctx,
+        title: " Select file to open",
+        items,
+        onSelect: (item) => {
+          void openSelected(item.value as FileEntry);
+        },
+      });
     },
   });
 }

.pi/extensions/prompt-url-widget.ts

@@ -114,6 +114,17 @@ export default function promptUrlWidgetExtension(pi: ExtensionAPI) {
     }
   };
 
+  const renderPromptMatch = (ctx: ExtensionContext, match: PromptMatch) => {
+    setWidget(ctx, match);
+    applySessionName(ctx, match);
+    void fetchGhMetadata(pi, match.kind, match.url).then((meta) => {
+      const title = meta?.title?.trim();
+      const authorText = formatAuthor(meta?.author);
+      setWidget(ctx, match, title, authorText);
+      applySessionName(ctx, match, title);
+    });
+  };
+
   pi.on("before_agent_start", async (event, ctx) => {
     if (!ctx.hasUI) {
       return;
@@ -123,14 +134,7 @@ export default function promptUrlWidgetExtension(pi: ExtensionAPI) {
       return;
     }
 
-    setWidget(ctx, match);
-    applySessionName(ctx, match);
-    void fetchGhMetadata(pi, match.kind, match.url).then((meta) => {
-      const title = meta?.title?.trim();
-      const authorText = formatAuthor(meta?.author);
-      setWidget(ctx, match, title, authorText);
-      applySessionName(ctx, match, title);
-    });
+    renderPromptMatch(ctx, match);
   });
 
   pi.on("session_switch", async (_event, ctx) => {
@@ -177,14 +181,7 @@ export default function promptUrlWidgetExtension(pi: ExtensionAPI) {
       return;
     }
 
-    setWidget(ctx, match);
-    applySessionName(ctx, match);
-    void fetchGhMetadata(pi, match.kind, match.url).then((meta) => {
-      const title = meta?.title?.trim();
-      const authorText = formatAuthor(meta?.author);
-      setWidget(ctx, match, title, authorText);
-      applySessionName(ctx, match, title);
-    });
+    renderPromptMatch(ctx, match);
   };
 
   pi.on("session_start", async (_event, ctx) => {

.pi/extensions/ui/paged-select.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import { DynamicBorder } from "@mariozechner/pi-coding-agent";
+import {
+  Container,
+  Key,
+  matchesKey,
+  type SelectItem,
+  SelectList,
+  Text,
+} from "@mariozechner/pi-tui";
+
+type CustomUiContext = {
+  ui: {
+    custom: <T>(
+      render: (
+        tui: { requestRender: () => void },
+        theme: {
+          fg: (tone: string, text: string) => string;
+          bold: (text: string) => string;
+        },
+        kb: unknown,
+        done: () => void,
+      ) => {
+        render: (width: number) => string;
+        invalidate: () => void;
+        handleInput: (data: string) => void;
+      },
+    ) => Promise<T>;
+  };
+};
+
+export async function showPagedSelectList(params: {
+  ctx: CustomUiContext;
+  title: string;
+  items: SelectItem[];
+  onSelect: (item: SelectItem) => void;
+}): Promise<void> {
+  await params.ctx.ui.custom<void>((tui, theme, _kb, done) => {
+    const container = new Container();
+
+    container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
+    container.addChild(new Text(theme.fg("accent", theme.bold(params.title)), 0, 0));
+
+    const visibleRows = Math.min(params.items.length, 15);
+    let currentIndex = 0;
+
+    const selectList = new SelectList(params.items, visibleRows, {
+      selectedPrefix: (text) => theme.fg("accent", text),
+      selectedText: (text) => text,
+      description: (text) => theme.fg("muted", text),
+      scrollInfo: (text) => theme.fg("dim", text),
+      noMatch: (text) => theme.fg("warning", text),
+    });
+    selectList.onSelect = (item) => params.onSelect(item);
+    selectList.onCancel = () => done();
+    selectList.onSelectionChange = (item) => {
+      currentIndex = params.items.indexOf(item);
+    };
+    container.addChild(selectList);
+
+    container.addChild(
+      new Text(theme.fg("dim", " ↑↓ navigate • ←→ page • enter open • esc close"), 0, 0),
+    );
+    container.addChild(new DynamicBorder((s: string) => theme.fg("accent", s)));
+
+    return {
+      render: (width) => container.render(width),
+      invalidate: () => container.invalidate(),
+      handleInput: (data) => {
+        if (matchesKey(data, Key.left)) {
+          currentIndex = Math.max(0, currentIndex - visibleRows);
+          selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
+        } else if (matchesKey(data, Key.right)) {
+          currentIndex = Math.min(params.items.length - 1, currentIndex + visibleRows);
+          selectList.setSelectedIndex(currentIndex);
+        } else {
+          selectList.handleInput(data);
+        }
+        tui.requestRender();
+      },
+    };
+  });
+}

.pi/prompts/landpr.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Input
   - If ambiguous: ask.
 
 Do (end-to-end)
-Goal: PR must end in GitHub state = MERGED (never CLOSED). Use `gh pr merge` with `--rebase` or `--squash`.
+Goal: PR must end in GitHub state = MERGED (never CLOSED). Prefer `gh pr merge --squash`; use `--rebase` only when preserving commit history is required.
 
 1. Assign PR to self:
    - `gh pr edit <PR> --add-assignee @me`
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ Goal: PR must end in GitHub state = MERGED (never CLOSED). Use `gh pr merge` wit
    - Implement fixes + add/adjust tests
    - Update `CHANGELOG.md` and mention `#<PR>` + `@$contrib`
 9. Decide merge strategy:
-   - Rebase if we want to preserve commit history
-   - Squash if we want a single clean commit
+   - Squash (preferred): use when we want a single clean commit
+   - Rebase: use only when we explicitly want to preserve commit history
    - If unclear, ask
 10. Full gate (BEFORE commit):
     - `pnpm lint && pnpm build && pnpm test`
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ Goal: PR must end in GitHub state = MERGED (never CLOSED). Use `gh pr merge` wit
     ```
 
 13. Merge PR (must show MERGED on GitHub):
-    - Rebase: `gh pr merge <PR> --rebase`
-    - Squash: `gh pr merge <PR> --squash`
+    - Squash (preferred): `gh pr merge <PR> --squash`
+    - Rebase (history-preserving fallback): `gh pr merge <PR> --rebase`
     - Never `gh pr close` (closing is wrong)
 14. Sync main:
     - `git checkout main`

AGENTS.md

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 - GitHub issues/comments/PR comments: use literal multiline strings or `-F - <<'EOF'` (or $'...') for real newlines; never embed "\\n".
 - GitHub comment footgun: never use `gh issue/pr comment -b "..."` when body contains backticks or shell chars. Always use single-quoted heredoc (`-F - <<'EOF'`) so no command substitution/escaping corruption.
 - GitHub linking footgun: don’t wrap issue/PR refs like `#24643` in backticks when you want auto-linking. Use plain `#24643` (optionally add full URL).
+- GitHub searching footgun: don't limit yourself to the first 500 issues or PRs when wanting to search all. Unless you're supposed to look at the most recent, keep going until you've reached the last page in the search
 - Security advisory analysis: before triage/severity decisions, read `SECURITY.md` to align with OpenClaw's trust model and design boundaries.
 
 ## Project Structure & Module Organization
@@ -75,6 +76,8 @@
 - Language: TypeScript (ESM). Prefer strict typing; avoid `any`.
 - Formatting/linting via Oxlint and Oxfmt; run `pnpm check` before commits.
 - Never add `@ts-nocheck` and do not disable `no-explicit-any`; fix root causes and update Oxlint/Oxfmt config only when required.
+- Dynamic import guardrail: do not mix `await import("x")` and static `import ... from "x"` for the same module in production code paths. If you need lazy loading, create a dedicated `*.runtime.ts` boundary (that re-exports from `x`) and dynamically import that boundary from lazy callers only.
+- Dynamic import verification: after refactors that touch lazy-loading/module boundaries, run `pnpm build` and check for `[INEFFECTIVE_DYNAMIC_IMPORT]` warnings before submitting.
 - Never share class behavior via prototype mutation (`applyPrototypeMixins`, `Object.defineProperty` on `.prototype`, or exporting `Class.prototype` for merges). Use explicit inheritance/composition (`A extends B extends C`) or helper composition so TypeScript can typecheck.
 - If this pattern is needed, stop and get explicit approval before shipping; default behavior is to split/refactor into an explicit class hierarchy and keep members strongly typed.
 - In tests, prefer per-instance stubs over prototype mutation (`SomeClass.prototype.method = ...`) unless a test explicitly documents why prototype-level patching is required.

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -58,9 +58,8 @@ Welcome to the lobster tank! 🦞
 
 - **Jonathan Taylor** - ACP subsystem, Gateway features/bugs, Gog/Mog/Sog CLI's, SEDMAT
   - Github [@visionik](https://github.com/visionik) · X: [@visionik](https://x.com/visionik)
-    
 - **Josh Lehman** - Compaction, Tlon/Urbit subsystem
-  - Github [@jalehman](https://github.com/jalehman) · X: [@jlehman_](https://x.com/jlehman_)
+  - Github [@jalehman](https://github.com/jalehman) · X: [@jlehman\_](https://x.com/jlehman_)
 
 ## How to Contribute
 
@@ -75,6 +74,7 @@ Welcome to the lobster tank! 🦞
 - Ensure CI checks pass
 - Keep PRs focused (one thing per PR; do not mix unrelated concerns)
 - Describe what & why
+- **Include screenshots** — one showing the problem/before, one showing the fix/after (for UI or visual changes)
 
 ## Control UI Decorators
 

Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,18 @@
 FROM node:22-bookworm@sha256:cd7bcd2e7a1e6f72052feb023c7f6b722205d3fcab7bbcbd2d1bfdab10b1e935
 
+# OCI base-image metadata for downstream image consumers.
+# If you change these annotations, also update:
+# - docs/install/docker.md ("Base image metadata" section)
+# - https://docs.openclaw.ai/install/docker
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.base.name="docker.io/library/node:22-bookworm" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.base.digest="sha256:cd7bcd2e7a1e6f72052feb023c7f6b722205d3fcab7bbcbd2d1bfdab10b1e935" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.source="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.url="https://openclaw.ai" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.documentation="https://docs.openclaw.ai/install/docker" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.licenses="MIT" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.title="OpenClaw" \
+  org.opencontainers.image.description="OpenClaw gateway and CLI runtime container image"
+
 # Install Bun (required for build scripts)
 RUN curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash
 ENV PATH="/root/.bun/bin:${PATH}"
@@ -44,8 +57,48 @@ RUN if [ -n "$OPENCLAW_INSTALL_BROWSER" ]; then \
       rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /var/cache/apt/archives/*; \
     fi
 
+# Optionally install Docker CLI for sandbox container management.
+# Build with: docker build --build-arg OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI=1 ...
+# Adds ~50MB. Only the CLI is installed — no Docker daemon.
+# Required for agents.defaults.sandbox to function in Docker deployments.
+ARG OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI=""
+ARG OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT="9DC858229FC7DD38854AE2D88D81803C0EBFCD88"
+RUN if [ -n "$OPENCLAW_INSTALL_DOCKER_CLI" ]; then \
+      apt-get update && \
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        ca-certificates curl gnupg && \
+      install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings && \
+      # Verify Docker apt signing key fingerprint before trusting it as a root key.
+      # Update OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT when Docker rotates release keys.
+      curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \
+      expected_fingerprint="$(printf '%s' "$OPENCLAW_DOCKER_GPG_FINGERPRINT" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]' | tr -d '[:space:]')" && \
+      actual_fingerprint="$(gpg --batch --show-keys --with-colons /tmp/docker.gpg.asc | awk -F: '$1 == "fpr" { print toupper($10); exit }')" && \
+      if [ -z "$actual_fingerprint" ] || [ "$actual_fingerprint" != "$expected_fingerprint" ]; then \
+        echo "ERROR: Docker apt key fingerprint mismatch (expected $expected_fingerprint, got ${actual_fingerprint:-<empty>})" >&2; \
+        exit 1; \
+      fi && \
+      gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \
+      rm -f /tmp/docker.gpg.asc && \
+      chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg && \
+      printf 'deb [arch=%s signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm stable\n' \
+        "$(dpkg --print-architecture)" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list && \
+      apt-get update && \
+      DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        docker-ce-cli docker-compose-plugin && \
+      apt-get clean && \
+      rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /var/cache/apt/archives/*; \
+    fi
+
 USER node
 COPY --chown=node:node . .
+# Normalize copied plugin/agent paths so plugin safety checks do not reject
+# world-writable directories inherited from source file modes.
+RUN for dir in /app/extensions /app/.agent /app/.agents; do \
+      if [ -d "$dir" ]; then \
+        find "$dir" -type d -exec chmod 755 {} +; \
+        find "$dir" -type f -exec chmod 644 {} +; \
+      fi; \
+    done
 RUN pnpm build
 # Force pnpm for UI build (Bun may fail on ARM/Synology architectures)
 ENV OPENCLAW_PREFER_PNPM=1
@@ -66,7 +119,15 @@ USER node
 # Start gateway server with default config.
 # Binds to loopback (127.0.0.1) by default for security.
 #
-# For container platforms requiring external health checks:
-#   1. Set OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_TOKEN or OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_PASSWORD env var
-#   2. Override CMD: ["node","openclaw.mjs","gateway","--allow-unconfigured","--bind","lan"]
+# IMPORTANT: With Docker bridge networking (-p 18789:18789), loopback bind
+# makes the gateway unreachable from the host. Either:
+#   - Use --network host, OR
+#   - Override --bind to "lan" (0.0.0.0) and set auth credentials
+#
+# Built-in probe endpoints for container health checks:
+#   - GET /healthz (liveness) and GET /readyz (readiness)
+#   - aliases: /health and /ready
+# For external access from host/ingress, override bind to "lan" and set auth.
+HEALTHCHECK --interval=3m --timeout=10s --start-period=15s --retries=3 \
+  CMD node -e "fetch('http://127.0.0.1:18789/healthz').then((r)=>process.exit(r.ok?0:1)).catch(()=>process.exit(1))"
 CMD ["node", "openclaw.mjs", "gateway", "--allow-unconfigured"]

README.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 </p>
 
 **OpenClaw** is a _personal AI assistant_ you run on your own devices.
-It answers you on the channels you already use (WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, Google Chat, Signal, iMessage, Microsoft Teams, WebChat), plus extension channels like BlueBubbles, Matrix, Zalo, and Zalo Personal. It can speak and listen on macOS/iOS/Android, and can render a live Canvas you control. The Gateway is just the control plane — the product is the assistant.
+It answers you on the channels you already use (WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, Google Chat, Signal, iMessage, BlueBubbles, IRC, Microsoft Teams, Matrix, Feishu, LINE, Mattermost, Nextcloud Talk, Nostr, Synology Chat, Tlon, Twitch, Zalo, Zalo Personal, WebChat). It can speak and listen on macOS/iOS/Android, and can render a live Canvas you control. The Gateway is just the control plane — the product is the assistant.
 
 If you want a personal, single-user assistant that feels local, fast, and always-on, this is it.
 
@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
 
 ## Sponsors
 
-| OpenAI                                                            | Blacksmith                                                                   |
-| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| [![OpenAI](docs/assets/sponsors/openai.svg)](https://openai.com/) | [![Blacksmith](docs/assets/sponsors/blacksmith.svg)](https://blacksmith.sh/) |
+| OpenAI                                                            | Vercel                                                            | Blacksmith                                                                   | Convex                                                                |
+| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [![OpenAI](docs/assets/sponsors/openai.svg)](https://openai.com/) | [![Vercel](docs/assets/sponsors/vercel.svg)](https://vercel.com/) | [![Blacksmith](docs/assets/sponsors/blacksmith.svg)](https://blacksmith.sh/) | [![Convex](docs/assets/sponsors/convex.svg)](https://www.convex.dev/) |
 
 **Subscriptions (OAuth):**
 
 - **[OpenAI](https://openai.com/)** (ChatGPT/Codex)
 
-Model note: while any model is supported, I strongly recommend **Anthropic Pro/Max (100/200) + Opus 4.6** for long‑context strength and better prompt‑injection resistance. See [Onboarding](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/onboarding).
+Model note: while many providers/models are supported, for the best experience and lower prompt-injection risk use the strongest latest-generation model available to you. See [Onboarding](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/onboarding).
 
 ## Models (selection + auth)
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ openclaw gateway --port 18789 --verbose
 # Send a message
 openclaw message send --to +1234567890 --message "Hello from OpenClaw"
 
-# Talk to the assistant (optionally deliver back to any connected channel: WhatsApp/Telegram/Slack/Discord/Google Chat/Signal/iMessage/BlueBubbles/Microsoft Teams/Matrix/Zalo/Zalo Personal/WebChat)
+# Talk to the assistant (optionally deliver back to any connected channel: WhatsApp/Telegram/Slack/Discord/Google Chat/Signal/iMessage/BlueBubbles/IRC/Microsoft Teams/Matrix/Feishu/LINE/Mattermost/Nextcloud Talk/Nostr/Synology Chat/Tlon/Twitch/Zalo/Zalo Personal/WebChat)
 openclaw agent --message "Ship checklist" --thinking high
 ```
 
@@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ Run `openclaw doctor` to surface risky/misconfigured DM policies.
 ## Highlights
 
 - **[Local-first Gateway](https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway)** — single control plane for sessions, channels, tools, and events.
-- **[Multi-channel inbox](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels)** — WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, Google Chat, Signal, BlueBubbles (iMessage), iMessage (legacy), Microsoft Teams, Matrix, Zalo, Zalo Personal, WebChat, macOS, iOS/Android.
+- **[Multi-channel inbox](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels)** — WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, Google Chat, Signal, BlueBubbles (iMessage), iMessage (legacy), IRC, Microsoft Teams, Matrix, Feishu, LINE, Mattermost, Nextcloud Talk, Nostr, Synology Chat, Tlon, Twitch, Zalo, Zalo Personal, WebChat, macOS, iOS/Android.
 - **[Multi-agent routing](https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/configuration)** — route inbound channels/accounts/peers to isolated agents (workspaces + per-agent sessions).
-- **[Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake) + [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk)** — always-on speech for macOS/iOS/Android with ElevenLabs.
+- **[Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake) + [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk)** — wake words on macOS/iOS and continuous voice on Android (ElevenLabs + system TTS fallback).
 - **[Live Canvas](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas)** — agent-driven visual workspace with [A2UI](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas#canvas-a2ui).
 - **[First-class tools](https://docs.openclaw.ai/tools)** — browser, canvas, nodes, cron, sessions, and Discord/Slack actions.
 - **[Companion apps](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/macos)** — macOS menu bar app + iOS/Android [nodes](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes).
@@ -150,14 +150,14 @@ Run `openclaw doctor` to surface risky/misconfigured DM policies.
 
 ### Channels
 
-- [Channels](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels): [WhatsApp](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/whatsapp) (Baileys), [Telegram](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/telegram) (grammY), [Slack](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/slack) (Bolt), [Discord](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/discord) (discord.js), [Google Chat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/googlechat) (Chat API), [Signal](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/signal) (signal-cli), [BlueBubbles](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/bluebubbles) (iMessage, recommended), [iMessage](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/imessage) (legacy imsg), [Microsoft Teams](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/msteams) (extension), [Matrix](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/matrix) (extension), [Zalo](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/zalo) (extension), [Zalo Personal](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/zalouser) (extension), [WebChat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/web/webchat).
+- [Channels](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels): [WhatsApp](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/whatsapp) (Baileys), [Telegram](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/telegram) (grammY), [Slack](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/slack) (Bolt), [Discord](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/discord) (discord.js), [Google Chat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/googlechat) (Chat API), [Signal](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/signal) (signal-cli), [BlueBubbles](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/bluebubbles) (iMessage, recommended), [iMessage](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/imessage) (legacy imsg), [IRC](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/irc), [Microsoft Teams](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/msteams), [Matrix](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/matrix), [Feishu](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/feishu), [LINE](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/line), [Mattermost](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/mattermost), [Nextcloud Talk](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/nextcloud-talk), [Nostr](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/nostr), [Synology Chat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/synology-chat), [Tlon](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/tlon), [Twitch](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/twitch), [Zalo](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/zalo), [Zalo Personal](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/zalouser), [WebChat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/web/webchat).
 - [Group routing](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels/group-messages): mention gating, reply tags, per-channel chunking and routing. Channel rules: [Channels](https://docs.openclaw.ai/channels).
 
 ### Apps + nodes
 
 - [macOS app](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/macos): menu bar control plane, [Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake)/PTT, [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk) overlay, [WebChat](https://docs.openclaw.ai/web/webchat), debug tools, [remote gateway](https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/remote) control.
-- [iOS node](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/ios): [Canvas](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas), [Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake), [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk), camera, screen recording, Bonjour pairing.
-- [Android node](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/android): [Canvas](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas), [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk), camera, screen recording, optional SMS.
+- [iOS node](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/ios): [Canvas](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas), [Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake), [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk), camera, screen recording, Bonjour + device pairing.
+- [Android node](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/android): Connect tab (setup code/manual), chat sessions, voice tab, [Canvas](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas), camera/screen recording, and Android device commands (notifications/location/SMS/photos/contacts/calendar/motion/app update).
 - [macOS node mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes): system.run/notify + canvas/camera exposure.
 
 ### Tools + automation
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ Run `openclaw doctor` to surface risky/misconfigured DM policies.
 ## How it works (short)
 
 ```
-WhatsApp / Telegram / Slack / Discord / Google Chat / Signal / iMessage / BlueBubbles / Microsoft Teams / Matrix / Zalo / Zalo Personal / WebChat
+WhatsApp / Telegram / Slack / Discord / Google Chat / Signal / iMessage / BlueBubbles / IRC / Microsoft Teams / Matrix / Feishu / LINE / Mattermost / Nextcloud Talk / Nostr / Synology Chat / Tlon / Twitch / Zalo / Zalo Personal / WebChat
                │
                ▼
 ┌───────────────────────────────┐
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ WhatsApp / Telegram / Slack / Discord / Google Chat / Signal / iMessage / BlueBu
 - **[Tailscale exposure](https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/tailscale)** — Serve/Funnel for the Gateway dashboard + WS (remote access: [Remote](https://docs.openclaw.ai/gateway/remote)).
 - **[Browser control](https://docs.openclaw.ai/tools/browser)** — openclaw‑managed Chrome/Chromium with CDP control.
 - **[Canvas + A2UI](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas)** — agent‑driven visual workspace (A2UI host: [Canvas/A2UI](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/mac/canvas#canvas-a2ui)).
-- **[Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake) + [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk)** — always‑on speech and continuous conversation.
+- **[Voice Wake](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/voicewake) + [Talk Mode](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes/talk)** — wake words on macOS/iOS plus continuous voice on Android.
 - **[Nodes](https://docs.openclaw.ai/nodes)** — Canvas, camera snap/clip, screen record, `location.get`, notifications, plus macOS‑only `system.run`/`system.notify`.
 
 ## Tailscale access (Gateway dashboard)
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ Note: signed builds required for macOS permissions to stick across rebuilds (see
 
 ### iOS node (optional)
 
-- Pairs as a node via the Bridge.
+- Pairs as a node over the Gateway WebSocket (device pairing).
 - Voice trigger forwarding + Canvas surface.
 - Controlled via `openclaw nodes …`.
 
@@ -305,8 +305,8 @@ Runbook: [iOS connect](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/ios).
 
 ### Android node (optional)
 
-- Pairs via the same Bridge + pairing flow as iOS.
-- Exposes Canvas, Camera, and Screen capture commands.
+- Pairs as a WS node via device pairing (`openclaw devices ...`).
+- Exposes Connect/Chat/Voice tabs plus Canvas, Camera, Screen capture, and Android device command families.
 - Runbook: [Android connect](https://docs.openclaw.ai/platforms/android).
 
 ## Agent workspace + skills
@@ -502,54 +502,58 @@ Special thanks to Adam Doppelt for lobster.bot.
 Thanks to all clawtributors:
 
 <p align="left">
-  <a href="https://github.com/steipete"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/58493?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="steipete" title="steipete"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/sktbrd"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/116202536?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="sktbrd" title="sktbrd"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/cpojer"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13352?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="cpojer" title="cpojer"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/joshp123"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1497361?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="joshp123" title="joshp123"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mbelinky"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/132747814?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Mariano Belinky" title="Mariano Belinky"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Takhoffman"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/781889?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Takhoffman" title="Takhoffman"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/sebslight"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/19554889?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="sebslight" title="sebslight"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/tyler6204"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/64381258?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="tyler6204" title="tyler6204"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/quotentiroler"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/40643627?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="quotentiroler" title="quotentiroler"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/VeriteIgiraneza"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/69280208?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Verite Igiraneza" title="Verite Igiraneza"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/gumadeiras"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5599352?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="gumadeiras" title="gumadeiras"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/bohdanpodvirnyi"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31819391?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="bohdanpodvirnyi" title="bohdanpodvirnyi"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/vincentkoc"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/25068?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="vincentkoc" title="vincentkoc"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/iHildy"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/25069719?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="iHildy" title="iHildy"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/jaydenfyi"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/213395523?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="jaydenfyi" title="jaydenfyi"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Glucksberg"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/80581902?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Glucksberg" title="Glucksberg"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/joaohlisboa"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8200873?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="joaohlisboa" title="joaohlisboa"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/rodrigouroz"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/384037?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="rodrigouroz" title="rodrigouroz"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mneves75"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2423436?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mneves75" title="mneves75"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/BunsDev"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/68980965?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="BunsDev" title="BunsDev"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/MatthieuBizien"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/173090?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="MatthieuBizien" title="MatthieuBizien"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/MaudeBot"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/255777700?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="MaudeBot" title="MaudeBot"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/vignesh07"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1436853?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="vignesh07" title="vignesh07"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/smartprogrammer93"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/33181301?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="smartprogrammer93" title="smartprogrammer93"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/advaitpaliwal"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/66044327?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="advaitpaliwal" title="advaitpaliwal"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/HenryLoenwind"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1485873?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="HenryLoenwind" title="HenryLoenwind"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/rahthakor"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8470553?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="rahthakor" title="rahthakor"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/vrknetha"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/20596261?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="vrknetha" title="vrknetha"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/abdelsfane"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/32418586?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="abdelsfane" title="abdelsfane"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/radek-paclt"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/50451445?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="radek-paclt" title="radek-paclt"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/joshavant"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/830519?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="joshavant" title="joshavant"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/christianklotz"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/69443?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="christianklotz" title="christianklotz"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mudrii"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/220262?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mudrii" title="mudrii"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/zerone0x"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/39543393?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="zerone0x" title="zerone0x"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ranausmanai"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/257128159?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ranausmanai" title="ranausmanai"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/tobiasbischoff"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/711564?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Tobias Bischoff" title="Tobias Bischoff"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/heyhudson"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/258693705?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="heyhudson" title="heyhudson"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/czekaj"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1464539?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="czekaj" title="czekaj"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ethanpalm"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/56270045?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ethanpalm" title="ethanpalm"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/yinghaosang"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/261132136?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="yinghaosang" title="yinghaosang"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/nabbilkhan"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/203121263?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="nabbilkhan" title="nabbilkhan"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mukhtharcm"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/56378562?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mukhtharcm" title="mukhtharcm"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/aether-ai-agent"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/261339948?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="aether-ai-agent" title="aether-ai-agent"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/coygeek"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/65363919?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="coygeek" title="coygeek"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Mrseenz"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/101962919?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Mrseenz" title="Mrseenz"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/maxsumrall"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/628843?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="maxsumrall" title="maxsumrall"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/xadenryan"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/165437834?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="xadenryan" title="xadenryan"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/VACInc"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3279061?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="VACInc" title="VACInc"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/juanpablodlc"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/92012363?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="juanpablodlc" title="juanpablodlc"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/conroywhitney"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/249891?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="conroywhitney" title="conroywhitney"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/buerbaumer"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/44548809?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Harald Buerbaumer" title="Harald Buerbaumer"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/akoscz"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1360047?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="akoscz" title="akoscz"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Bridgerz"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24499532?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Bridgerz" title="Bridgerz"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/hsrvc"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/129702169?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="hsrvc" title="hsrvc"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/magimetal"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/36491250?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="magimetal" title="magimetal"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/openclaw-bot"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/258178069?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="openclaw-bot" title="openclaw-bot"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/meaningfool"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2862331?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="meaningfool" title="meaningfool"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/JustasMonkev"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/59362982?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="JustasM" title="JustasM"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Phineas1500"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/41450967?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Phineas1500" title="Phineas1500"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ENCHIGO"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38551565?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ENCHIGO" title="ENCHIGO"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/patelhiren"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/172098?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Hiren Patel" title="Hiren Patel"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/NicholasSpisak"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/129075147?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="NicholasSpisak" title="NicholasSpisak"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/claude"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/81847?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="claude" title="claude"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/jonisjongithub"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/86072337?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="jonisjongithub" title="jonisjongithub"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/theonejvo"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/125909656?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="theonejvo" title="theonejvo"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/AbhisekBasu1"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/40645221?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="abhisekbasu1" title="abhisekbasu1"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Ryan-Haines"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1855752?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Ryan Haines" title="Ryan Haines"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Blakeshannon"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/257822860?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Blakeshannon" title="Blakeshannon"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/jamesgroat"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2634024?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="jamesgroat" title="jamesgroat"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Marvae"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/11957602?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Marvae" title="Marvae"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/arosstale"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/117890364?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="arosstale" title="arosstale"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/shakkernerd"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/165377636?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="shakkernerd" title="shakkernerd"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/gejifeng"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/17561857?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="gejifeng" title="gejifeng"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/divanoli"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12023205?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="divanoli" title="divanoli"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ryan-crabbe"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/128659760?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ryan-crabbe" title="ryan-crabbe"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/nyanjou"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/258645604?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="nyanjou" title="nyanjou"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/theSamPadilla"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/35386211?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Sam Padilla" title="Sam Padilla"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/dantelex"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/631543?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="dantelex" title="dantelex"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/SocialNerd42069"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/118244303?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="SocialNerd42069" title="SocialNerd42069"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/solstead"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/168413654?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="solstead" title="solstead"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/natefikru"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/10344644?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="natefikru" title="natefikru"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/daveonkels"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/533642?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="daveonkels" title="daveonkels"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/xzq-xu"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/53989315?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="LeftX" title="LeftX"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Yida-Dev"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/92713555?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Yida-Dev" title="Yida-Dev"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/harhogefoo"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/11906529?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Masataka Shinohara" title="Masataka Shinohara"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/lewiswigmore"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/58551848?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Lewis" title="Lewis"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/riccardogiorato"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/4527364?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="riccardogiorato" title="riccardogiorato"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/lc0rp"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2609441?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="lc0rp" title="lc0rp"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/adam91holt"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/9592417?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="adam91holt" title="adam91holt"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mousberg"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/57605064?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mousberg" title="mousberg"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/BillChirico"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13951316?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="BillChirico" title="BillChirico"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/shadril238"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/63901551?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="shadril238" title="shadril238"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/CharlieGreenman"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8540141?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="CharlieGreenman" title="CharlieGreenman"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/hougangdev"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/105773686?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="hougangdev" title="hougangdev"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Mellowambience"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/40958792?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Mars" title="Mars"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/orlyjamie"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6668807?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="orlyjamie" title="orlyjamie"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mcrolly"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/60803337?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="McRolly NWANGWU" title="McRolly NWANGWU"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/PeterShanxin"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/128674037?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="LI SHANXIN" title="LI SHANXIN"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/simonemacario"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2116609?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Simone Macario" title="Simone Macario"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/durenzidu"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38130340?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="durenzidu" title="durenzidu"/></a>
-  <a href="https://github.com/JustYannicc"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/52761674?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="JustYannicc" title="JustYannicc"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Minidoracat"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/11269639?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Minidoracat" title="Minidoracat"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/magendary"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/30611068?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="magendary" title="magendary"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/jessy2027"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/89694096?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Jessy LANGE" title="Jessy LANGE"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mteam88"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/84196639?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mteam88" title="mteam88"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/brandonwise"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/21148772?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="brandonwise" title="brandonwise"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/hirefrank"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/183158?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="hirefrank" title="hirefrank"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/M00N7682"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/170746674?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="M00N7682" title="M00N7682"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/dbhurley"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5251425?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="dbhurley" title="dbhurley"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/omniwired"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/322761?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Eng. Juan Combetto" title="Eng. Juan Combetto"/></a>
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-  <a href="https://github.com/dylanneve1"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31746704?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="dylanneve1" title="dylanneve1"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/EmberCF"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/258471336?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="EmberCF" title="EmberCF"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ephraimm"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2803669?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ephraimm" title="ephraimm"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ereid7"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/27597719?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ereid7" title="ereid7"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/eternauta1337"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/550409?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="eternauta1337" title="eternauta1337"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/foeken"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13864?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="foeken" title="foeken"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/gtsifrikas"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8904378?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="gtsifrikas" title="gtsifrikas"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/HazAT"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/363802?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="HazAT" title="HazAT"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/iamEvanYT"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47493765?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="iamEvanYT" title="iamEvanYT"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ikari-pl"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/811702?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ikari-pl" title="ikari-pl"/></a>
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+  <a href="https://github.com/KnHack"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2346724?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Charlie Niño" title="Charlie Niño"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/17jmumford"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/36290330?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Jeremy Mumford" title="Jeremy Mumford"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Yeom-JinHo"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/81306489?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Yeom-JinHo" title="Yeom-JinHo"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/robaxelsen"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13132899?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Rob Axelsen" title="Rob Axelsen"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/junjunjunbong"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/153147718?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="junwon" title="junwon"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/prathamdby"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/134331217?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Pratham Dubey" title="Pratham Dubey"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/amitbiswal007"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/108086198?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="amitbiswal007" title="amitbiswal007"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Slats24"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/42514321?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Slats" title="Slats"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/orenyomtov"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/168856?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Oren" title="Oren"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/parkertoddbrooks"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/585456?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Parker Todd Brooks" title="Parker Todd Brooks"/></a>
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+  <a href="https://github.com/sktbrd"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/116202536?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="sktbrd" title="sktbrd"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/larlyssa"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/13128869?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="larlyssa" title="larlyssa"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Mind-Dragon"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/262945885?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Mind-Dragon" title="Mind-Dragon"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/pcty-nextgen-service-account"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/112553441?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="pcty-nextgen-service-account" title="pcty-nextgen-service-account"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/tmchow"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/517103?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="tmchow" title="tmchow"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/uli-will-code"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/49715419?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="uli-will-code" title="uli-will-code"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mgratch"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2238658?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Marc Gratch" title="Marc Gratch"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/JackyWay"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/53031570?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="JackyWay" title="JackyWay"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/aaronveklabs"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/225997828?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="aaronveklabs" title="aaronveklabs"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/CJWTRUST"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/235565898?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="CJWTRUST" title="CJWTRUST"/></a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/erik-agens"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/80908960?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="erik-agens" title="erik-agens"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/odnxe"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/403141?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="odnxe" title="odnxe"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/T5-AndyML"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/22801233?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="T5-AndyML" title="T5-AndyML"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/j1philli"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3744255?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Josh Phillips" title="Josh Phillips"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/mujiannan"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/46643837?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="mujiannan" title="mujiannan"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/marcodd23"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3519682?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Marco Di Dionisio" title="Marco Di Dionisio"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/RandyVentures"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/149904821?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Randy Torres" title="Randy Torres"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/afern247"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/34192856?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="afern247" title="afern247"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/0oAstro"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/79555780?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="0oAstro" title="0oAstro"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/alexanderatallah"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1011391?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="alexanderatallah" title="alexanderatallah"/></a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/testingabc321"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8577388?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="testingabc321" title="testingabc321"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/humanwritten"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/206531610?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="humanwritten" title="humanwritten"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/aaronn"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1653630?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="aaronn" title="aaronn"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/Alphonse-arianee"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/254457365?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="Alphonse-arianee" title="Alphonse-arianee"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/gtsifrikas"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/8904378?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="gtsifrikas" title="gtsifrikas"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/hrdwdmrbl"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/554881?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="hrdwdmrbl" title="hrdwdmrbl"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/hugobarauna"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2719?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="hugobarauna" title="hugobarauna"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/jiulingyun"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/126459548?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="jiulingyun" title="jiulingyun"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/kitze"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1160594?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="kitze" title="kitze"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/loukotal"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/18210858?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="loukotal" title="loukotal"/></a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/MSch"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/7475?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="MSch" title="MSch"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/odrobnik"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/333270?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="odrobnik" title="odrobnik"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/reeltimeapps"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/637338?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="reeltimeapps" title="reeltimeapps"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/rhjoh"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/105699450?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="rhjoh" title="rhjoh"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/ronak-guliani"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/23518228?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="ronak-guliani" title="ronak-guliani"/></a> <a href="https://github.com/snopoke"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/249606?v=4&s=48" width="48" height="48" alt="snopoke" title="snopoke"/></a>
 </p>

SECURITY.md

@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ These are frequently reported but are typically closed with no code change:
 - Reports that assume per-user multi-tenant authorization on a shared gateway host/config.
 - Reports that only show differences in heuristic detection/parity (for example obfuscation-pattern detection on one exec path but not another, such as `node.invoke -> system.run` parity gaps) without demonstrating bypass of auth, approvals, allowlist enforcement, sandboxing, or other documented trust boundaries.
 - ReDoS/DoS claims that require trusted operator configuration input (for example catastrophic regex in `sessionFilter` or `logging.redactPatterns`) without a trust-boundary bypass.
+- Archive/install extraction claims that require pre-existing local filesystem priming in trusted state (for example planting symlink/hardlink aliases under destination directories such as skills/tools paths) without showing an untrusted path that can create/control that primitive.
+- Reports that depend on replacing or rewriting an already-approved executable path on a trusted host (same-path inode/content swap) without showing an untrusted path to perform that write.
+- Reports that depend on pre-existing symlinked skill/workspace filesystem state (for example symlink chains involving `skills/*/SKILL.md`) without showing an untrusted path that can create/control that state.
 - Missing HSTS findings on default local/loopback deployments.
 - Slack webhook signature findings when HTTP mode already uses signing-secret verification.
 - Discord inbound webhook signature findings for paths not used by this repo's Discord integration.
@@ -112,6 +115,9 @@ Plugins/extensions are part of OpenClaw's trusted computing base for a gateway.
 - Deployments where mutually untrusted/adversarial operators share one gateway host and config (for example, reports expecting per-operator isolation for `sessions.list`, `sessions.preview`, `chat.history`, or similar control-plane reads)
 - Prompt-injection-only attacks (without a policy/auth/sandbox boundary bypass)
 - Reports that require write access to trusted local state (`~/.openclaw`, workspace files like `MEMORY.md` / `memory/*.md`)
+- Reports where exploitability depends on attacker-controlled pre-existing symlink/hardlink filesystem state in trusted local paths (for example extraction/install target trees) unless a separate untrusted boundary bypass is shown that creates that state.
+- Reports whose only claim is sandbox/workspace read expansion through trusted local skill/workspace symlink state (for example `skills/*/SKILL.md` symlink chains) unless a separate untrusted boundary bypass is shown that creates/controls that state.
+- Reports whose only claim is post-approval executable identity drift on a trusted host via same-path file replacement/rewrite unless a separate untrusted boundary bypass is shown for that host write primitive.
 - Reports where the only demonstrated impact is an already-authorized sender intentionally invoking a local-action command (for example `/export-session` writing to an absolute host path) without bypassing auth, sandbox, or another documented boundary
 - Reports where the only claim is that a trusted-installed/enabled plugin can execute with gateway/host privileges (documented trust model behavior).
 - Any report whose only claim is that an operator-enabled `dangerous*`/`dangerously*` config option weakens defaults (these are explicit break-glass tradeoffs by design)
@@ -147,6 +153,8 @@ OpenClaw's security model is "personal assistant" (one trusted operator, potenti
 - The model/agent is **not** a trusted principal. Assume prompt/content injection can manipulate behavior.
 - Security boundaries come from host/config trust, auth, tool policy, sandboxing, and exec approvals.
 - Prompt injection by itself is not a vulnerability report unless it crosses one of those boundaries.
+- Hook/webhook-driven payloads should be treated as untrusted content; keep unsafe bypass flags disabled unless doing tightly scoped debugging (`hooks.gmail.allowUnsafeExternalContent`, `hooks.mappings[].allowUnsafeExternalContent`).
+- Weak model tiers are generally easier to prompt-inject. For tool-enabled or hook-driven agents, prefer strong modern model tiers and strict tool policy (for example `tools.profile: "messaging"` or stricter), plus sandboxing where possible.
 
 ## Gateway and Node trust concept
 
@@ -204,6 +212,14 @@ For threat model + hardening guidance (including `openclaw security audit --deep
 - `tools.fs.workspaceOnly: true` (optional): restricts `read`/`write`/`edit`/`apply_patch` paths and native prompt image auto-load paths to the workspace directory.
 - Avoid setting `tools.exec.applyPatch.workspaceOnly: false` unless you fully trust who can trigger tool execution.
 
+### Sub-agent delegation hardening
+
+- Keep `sessions_spawn` denied unless you explicitly need delegated runs.
+- Keep `agents.list[].subagents.allowAgents` narrow, and only include agents with sandbox settings you trust.
+- When delegation must stay sandboxed, call `sessions_spawn` with `sandbox: "require"` (default is `inherit`).
+  - `sandbox: "require"` rejects the spawn unless the target child runtime is sandboxed.
+  - This prevents a less-restricted session from delegating work into an unsandboxed child by mistake.
+
 ### Web Interface Safety
 
 OpenClaw's web interface (Gateway Control UI + HTTP endpoints) is intended for **local use only**.

appcast.xml

@@ -3,312 +3,361 @@
     <channel>
         <title>OpenClaw</title>
         <item>
-            <title>2026.2.14</title>
-            <pubDate>Sun, 15 Feb 2026 04:24:34 +0100</pubDate>
+            <title>2026.3.2</title>
+            <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 04:30:29 +0000</pubDate>
             <link>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/appcast.xml</link>
-            <sparkle:version>202602140</sparkle:version>
-            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.2.14</sparkle:shortVersionString>
+            <sparkle:version>2026030290</sparkle:version>
+            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.3.2</sparkle:shortVersionString>
             <sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>15.0</sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>
-            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.2.14</h2>
+            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.3.2</h2>
 <h3>Changes</h3>
 <ul>
-<li>Telegram: add poll sending via <code>openclaw message poll</code> (duration seconds, silent delivery, anonymity controls). (#16209) Thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>Slack/Discord: add <code>dmPolicy</code> + <code>allowFrom</code> config aliases for DM access control; legacy <code>dm.policy</code> + <code>dm.allowFrom</code> keys remain supported and <code>openclaw doctor --fix</code> can migrate them.</li>
-<li>Discord: allow exec approval prompts to target channels or both DM+channel via <code>channels.discord.execApprovals.target</code>. (#16051) Thanks @leonnardo.</li>
-<li>Sandbox: add <code>sandbox.browser.binds</code> to configure browser-container bind mounts separately from exec containers. (#16230) Thanks @seheepeak.</li>
-<li>Discord: add debug logging for message routing decisions to improve <code>--debug</code> tracing. (#16202) Thanks @jayleekr.</li>
+<li>Secrets/SecretRef coverage: expand SecretRef support across the full supported user-supplied credential surface (64 targets total), including runtime collectors, <code>openclaw secrets</code> planning/apply/audit flows, onboarding SecretInput UX, and related docs; unresolved refs now fail fast on active surfaces while inactive surfaces report non-blocking diagnostics. (#29580) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
+<li>Tools/PDF analysis: add a first-class <code>pdf</code> tool with native Anthropic and Google PDF provider support, extraction fallback for non-native models, configurable defaults (<code>agents.defaults.pdfModel</code>, <code>pdfMaxBytesMb</code>, <code>pdfMaxPages</code>), and docs/tests covering routing, validation, and registration. (#31319) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
+<li>Outbound adapters/plugins: add shared <code>sendPayload</code> support across direct-text-media, Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, Zalo, and Zalouser with multi-media iteration and chunk-aware text fallback. (#30144) Thanks @nohat.</li>
+<li>Models/MiniMax: add first-class <code>MiniMax-M2.5-highspeed</code> support across built-in provider catalogs, onboarding flows, and MiniMax OAuth plugin defaults, while keeping legacy <code>MiniMax-M2.5-Lightning</code> compatibility for existing configs.</li>
+<li>Sessions/Attachments: add inline file attachment support for <code>sessions_spawn</code> (subagent runtime only) with base64/utf8 encoding, transcript content redaction, lifecycle cleanup, and configurable limits via <code>tools.sessions_spawn.attachments</code>. (#16761) Thanks @napetrov.</li>
+<li>Telegram/Streaming defaults: default <code>channels.telegram.streaming</code> to <code>partial</code> (from <code>off</code>) so new Telegram setups get live preview streaming out of the box, with runtime fallback to message-edit preview when native drafts are unavailable.</li>
+<li>Telegram/DM streaming: use <code>sendMessageDraft</code> for private preview streaming, keep reasoning/answer preview lanes separated in DM reasoning-stream mode. (#31824) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Telegram/voice mention gating: add optional <code>disableAudioPreflight</code> on group/topic config to skip mention-detection preflight transcription for inbound voice notes where operators want text-only mention checks. (#23067) Thanks @yangnim21029.</li>
+<li>CLI/Config validation: add <code>openclaw config validate</code> (with <code>--json</code>) to validate config files before gateway startup, and include detailed invalid-key paths in startup invalid-config errors. (#31220) thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Tools/Diffs: add PDF file output support and rendering quality customization controls (<code>fileQuality</code>, <code>fileScale</code>, <code>fileMaxWidth</code>) for generated diff artifacts, and document PDF as the preferred option when messaging channels compress images. (#31342) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Memory/Ollama embeddings: add <code>memorySearch.provider = "ollama"</code> and <code>memorySearch.fallback = "ollama"</code> support, honor <code>models.providers.ollama</code> settings for memory embedding requests, and document Ollama embedding usage. (#26349) Thanks @nico-hoff.</li>
+<li>Zalo Personal plugin (<code>@openclaw/zalouser</code>): rebuilt channel runtime to use native <code>zca-js</code> integration in-process, removing external CLI transport usage and keeping QR/login + send/listen flows fully inside OpenClaw.</li>
+<li>Plugin SDK/channel extensibility: expose <code>channelRuntime</code> on <code>ChannelGatewayContext</code> so external channel plugins can access shared runtime helpers (reply/routing/session/text/media/commands) without internal imports. (#25462) Thanks @guxiaobo.</li>
+<li>Plugin runtime/STT: add <code>api.runtime.stt.transcribeAudioFile(...)</code> so extensions can transcribe local audio files through OpenClaw's configured media-understanding audio providers. (#22402) Thanks @benthecarman.</li>
+<li>Plugin hooks/session lifecycle: include <code>sessionKey</code> in <code>session_start</code>/<code>session_end</code> hook events and contexts so plugins can correlate lifecycle callbacks with routing identity. (#26394) Thanks @tempeste.</li>
+<li>Hooks/message lifecycle: add internal hook events <code>message:transcribed</code> and <code>message:preprocessed</code>, plus richer outbound <code>message:sent</code> context (<code>isGroup</code>, <code>groupId</code>) for group-conversation correlation and post-transcription automations. (#9859) Thanks @Drickon.</li>
+<li>Media understanding/audio echo: add optional <code>tools.media.audio.echoTranscript</code> + <code>echoFormat</code> to send a pre-agent transcript confirmation message to the originating chat, with echo disabled by default. (#32150) Thanks @AytuncYildizli.</li>
+<li>Plugin runtime/system: expose <code>runtime.system.requestHeartbeatNow(...)</code> so extensions can wake targeted sessions immediately after enqueueing system events. (#19464) Thanks @AustinEral.</li>
+<li>Plugin runtime/events: expose <code>runtime.events.onAgentEvent</code> and <code>runtime.events.onSessionTranscriptUpdate</code> for extension-side subscriptions, and isolate transcript-listener failures so one faulty listener cannot break the entire update fanout. (#16044) Thanks @scifantastic.</li>
+<li>CLI/Banner taglines: add <code>cli.banner.taglineMode</code> (<code>random</code> | <code>default</code> | <code>off</code>) to control funny tagline behavior in startup output, with docs + FAQ guidance and regression tests for config override behavior.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Breaking</h3>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> Onboarding now defaults <code>tools.profile</code> to <code>messaging</code> for new local installs (interactive + non-interactive). New setups no longer start with broad coding/system tools unless explicitly configured.</li>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> ACP dispatch now defaults to enabled unless explicitly disabled (<code>acp.dispatch.enabled=false</code>). If you need to pause ACP turn routing while keeping <code>/acp</code> controls, set <code>acp.dispatch.enabled=false</code>. Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai/tools/acp-agents</li>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> Plugin SDK removed <code>api.registerHttpHandler(...)</code>. Plugins must register explicit HTTP routes via <code>api.registerHttpRoute({ path, auth, match, handler })</code>, and dynamic webhook lifecycles should use <code>registerPluginHttpRoute(...)</code>.</li>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> Zalo Personal plugin (<code>@openclaw/zalouser</code>) no longer depends on external <code>zca</code>-compatible CLI binaries (<code>openzca</code>, <code>zca-cli</code>) for runtime send/listen/login; operators should use <code>openclaw channels login --channel zalouser</code> after upgrade to refresh sessions in the new JS-native path.</li>
 </ul>
 <h3>Fixes</h3>
 <ul>
-<li>CLI/Plugins: ensure <code>openclaw message send</code> exits after successful delivery across plugin-backed channels so one-shot sends do not hang. (#16491) Thanks @yinghaosang.</li>
-<li>CLI/Plugins: run registered plugin <code>gateway_stop</code> hooks before <code>openclaw message</code> exits (success and failure paths), so plugin-backed channels can clean up one-shot CLI resources. (#16580) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>WhatsApp: honor per-account <code>dmPolicy</code> overrides (account-level settings now take precedence over channel defaults for inbound DMs). (#10082) Thanks @mcaxtr.</li>
-<li>Telegram: when <code>channels.telegram.commands.native</code> is <code>false</code>, exclude plugin commands from <code>setMyCommands</code> menu registration while keeping plugin slash handlers callable. (#15132) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
-<li>LINE: return 200 OK for Developers Console "Verify" requests (<code>{"events":[]}</code>) without <code>X-Line-Signature</code>, while still requiring signatures for real deliveries. (#16582) Thanks @arosstale.</li>
-<li>Cron: deliver text-only output directly when <code>delivery.to</code> is set so cron recipients get full output instead of summaries. (#16360) Thanks @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
-<li>Cron/Slack: preserve agent identity (name and icon) when cron jobs deliver outbound messages. (#16242) Thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>Media: accept <code>MEDIA:</code>-prefixed paths (lenient whitespace) when loading outbound media to prevent <code>ENOENT</code> for tool-returned local media paths. (#13107) Thanks @mcaxtr.</li>
-<li>Agents: deliver tool result media (screenshots, images, audio) to channels regardless of verbose level. (#11735) Thanks @strelov1.</li>
-<li>Agents/Image tool: allow workspace-local image paths by including the active workspace directory in local media allowlists, and trust sandbox-validated paths in image loaders to prevent false "not under an allowed directory" rejections. (#15541)</li>
-<li>Agents/Image tool: propagate the effective workspace root into tool wiring so workspace-local image paths are accepted by default when running without an explicit <code>workspaceDir</code>. (#16722)</li>
-<li>BlueBubbles: include sender identity in group chat envelopes and pass clean message text to the agent prompt, aligning with iMessage/Signal formatting. (#16210) Thanks @zerone0x.</li>
-<li>CLI: fix lazy core command registration so top-level maintenance commands (<code>doctor</code>, <code>dashboard</code>, <code>reset</code>, <code>uninstall</code>) resolve correctly instead of exposing a non-functional <code>maintenance</code> placeholder command.</li>
-<li>CLI/Dashboard: when <code>gateway.bind=lan</code>, generate localhost dashboard URLs to satisfy browser secure-context requirements while preserving non-LAN bind behavior. (#16434) Thanks @BinHPdev.</li>
-<li>TUI/Gateway: resolve local gateway target URL from <code>gateway.bind</code> mode (tailnet/lan) instead of hardcoded localhost so <code>openclaw tui</code> connects when gateway is non-loopback. (#16299) Thanks @cortexuvula.</li>
-<li>TUI: honor explicit <code>--session <key></code> in <code>openclaw tui</code> even when <code>session.scope</code> is <code>global</code>, so named sessions no longer collapse into shared global history. (#16575) Thanks @cinqu.</li>
-<li>TUI: use available terminal width for session name display in searchable select lists. (#16238) Thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>TUI: refactor searchable select list description layout and add regression coverage for ANSI-highlight width bounds.</li>
-<li>TUI: preserve in-flight streaming replies when a different run finalizes concurrently (avoid clearing active run or reloading history mid-stream). (#10704) Thanks @axschr73.</li>
-<li>TUI: keep pre-tool streamed text visible when later tool-boundary deltas temporarily omit earlier text blocks. (#6958) Thanks @KrisKind75.</li>
-<li>TUI: sanitize ANSI/control-heavy history text, redact binary-like lines, and split pathological long unbroken tokens before rendering to prevent startup crashes on binary attachment history. (#13007) Thanks @wilkinspoe.</li>
-<li>TUI: harden render-time sanitizer for narrow terminals by chunking moderately long unbroken tokens and adding fast-path sanitization guards to reduce overhead on normal text. (#5355) Thanks @tingxueren.</li>
-<li>TUI: render assistant body text in terminal default foreground (instead of fixed light ANSI color) so contrast remains readable on light themes such as Solarized Light. (#16750) Thanks @paymog.</li>
-<li>TUI/Hooks: pass explicit reset reason (<code>new</code> vs <code>reset</code>) through <code>sessions.reset</code> and emit internal command hooks for gateway-triggered resets so <code>/new</code> hook workflows fire in TUI/webchat.</li>
-<li>Cron: prevent <code>cron list</code>/<code>cron status</code> from silently skipping past-due recurring jobs by using maintenance recompute semantics. (#16156) Thanks @zerone0x.</li>
-<li>Cron: repair missing/corrupt <code>nextRunAtMs</code> for the updated job without globally recomputing unrelated due jobs during <code>cron update</code>. (#15750)</li>
-<li>Cron: skip missed-job replay on startup for jobs interrupted mid-run (stale <code>runningAtMs</code> markers), preventing restart loops for self-restarting jobs such as update tasks. (#16694) Thanks @sbmilburn.</li>
-<li>Discord: prefer gateway guild id when logging inbound messages so cached-miss guilds do not appear as <code>guild=dm</code>. Thanks @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
-<li>Discord: treat empty per-guild <code>channels: {}</code> config maps as no channel allowlist (not deny-all), so <code>groupPolicy: "open"</code> guilds without explicit channel entries continue to receive messages. (#16714) Thanks @xqliu.</li>
-<li>Models/CLI: guard <code>models status</code> string trimming paths to prevent crashes from malformed non-string config values. (#16395) Thanks @BinHPdev.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Subagents: preserve queued announce items and summary state on delivery errors, retry failed announce drains, and avoid dropping unsent announcements on timeout/failure. (#16729) Thanks @Clawdette-Workspace.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Sessions: abort active embedded runs and clear queued session work before <code>sessions.reset</code>, returning unavailable if the run does not stop in time. (#16576) Thanks @Grynn.</li>
-<li>Sessions/Agents: harden transcript path resolution for mismatched agent context by preserving explicit store roots and adding safe absolute-path fallback to the correct agent sessions directory. (#16288) Thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>Agents: add a safety timeout around embedded <code>session.compact()</code> to ensure stalled compaction runs settle and release blocked session lanes. (#16331) Thanks @BinHPdev.</li>
-<li>Agents: keep unresolved mutating tool failures visible until the same action retry succeeds, scope mutation-error surfacing to mutating calls (including <code>session_status</code> model changes), and dedupe duplicate failure warnings in outbound replies. (#16131) Thanks @Swader.</li>
-<li>Agents/Process/Bootstrap: preserve unbounded <code>process log</code> offset-only pagination (default tail applies only when both <code>offset</code> and <code>limit</code> are omitted) and enforce strict <code>bootstrapTotalMaxChars</code> budgeting across injected bootstrap content (including markers), skipping additional injection when remaining budget is too small. (#16539) Thanks @CharlieGreenman.</li>
-<li>Agents/Workspace: persist bootstrap onboarding state so partially initialized workspaces recover missing <code>BOOTSTRAP.md</code> once, while completed onboarding keeps BOOTSTRAP deleted even if runtime files are later recreated. Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Agents/Workspace: create <code>BOOTSTRAP.md</code> when core workspace files are seeded in partially initialized workspaces, while keeping BOOTSTRAP one-shot after onboarding deletion. (#16457) Thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>Agents: classify external timeout aborts during compaction the same as internal timeouts, preventing unnecessary auth-profile rotation and preserving compaction-timeout snapshot fallback behavior. (#9855) Thanks @mverrilli.</li>
-<li>Agents: treat empty-stream provider failures (<code>request ended without sending any chunks</code>) as timeout-class failover signals, enabling auth-profile rotation/fallback and showing a friendly timeout message instead of raw provider errors. (#10210) Thanks @zenchantlive.</li>
-<li>Agents: treat <code>read</code> tool <code>file_path</code> arguments as valid in tool-start diagnostics to avoid false “read tool called without path” warnings when alias parameters are used. (#16717) Thanks @Stache73.</li>
-<li>Ollama/Agents: avoid forcing <code><final></code> tag enforcement for Ollama models, which could suppress all output as <code>(no output)</code>. (#16191) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
-<li>Plugins: suppress false duplicate plugin id warnings when the same extension is discovered via multiple paths (config/workspace/global vs bundled), while still warning on genuine duplicates. (#16222) Thanks @shadril238.</li>
-<li>Skills: watch <code>SKILL.md</code> only when refreshing skills snapshot to avoid file-descriptor exhaustion in large data trees. (#11325) Thanks @household-bard.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: make <code>memory status</code> read-only by skipping QMD boot update/embed side effects for status-only manager checks.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: keep original QMD failures when builtin fallback initialization fails (for example missing embedding API keys), instead of replacing them with fallback init errors.</li>
-<li>Memory/Builtin: keep <code>memory status</code> dirty reporting stable across invocations by deriving status-only manager dirty state from persisted index metadata instead of process-start defaults. (#10863) Thanks @BarryYangi.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: cap QMD command output buffering to prevent memory exhaustion from pathological <code>qmd</code> command output.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: parse qmd scope keys once per request to avoid repeated parsing in scope checks.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: query QMD index using exact docid matches before falling back to prefix lookup for better recall correctness and index efficiency.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: pass result limits to <code>search</code>/<code>vsearch</code> commands so QMD can cap results earlier.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: avoid reading full markdown files when a <code>from/lines</code> window is requested in QMD reads.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: skip rewriting unchanged session export markdown files during sync to reduce disk churn.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: make QMD result JSON parsing resilient to noisy command output by extracting the first JSON array from noisy <code>stdout</code>.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: treat prefixed <code>no results found</code> marker output as an empty result set in qmd JSON parsing. (#11302) Thanks @blazerui.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: avoid multi-collection <code>query</code> ranking corruption by running one <code>qmd query -c <collection></code> per managed collection and merging by best score (also used for <code>search</code>/<code>vsearch</code> fallback-to-query). (#16740) Thanks @volarian-vai.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: detect null-byte <code>ENOTDIR</code> update failures, rebuild managed collections once, and retry update to self-heal corrupted collection metadata. (#12919) Thanks @jorgejhms.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD/Security: add <code>rawKeyPrefix</code> support for QMD scope rules and preserve legacy <code>keyPrefix: "agent:..."</code> matching, preventing scoped deny bypass when operators match agent-prefixed session keys.</li>
-<li>Memory/Builtin: narrow memory watcher targets to markdown globs and ignore dependency/venv directories to reduce file-descriptor pressure during memory sync startup. (#11721) Thanks @rex05ai.</li>
-<li>Security/Memory-LanceDB: treat recalled memories as untrusted context (escape injected memory text + explicit non-instruction framing), skip likely prompt-injection payloads during auto-capture, and restrict auto-capture to user messages to reduce memory-poisoning risk. (#12524) Thanks @davidschmid24.</li>
-<li>Security/Memory-LanceDB: require explicit <code>autoCapture: true</code> opt-in (default is now disabled) to prevent automatic PII capture unless operators intentionally enable it. (#12552) Thanks @fr33d3m0n.</li>
-<li>Diagnostics/Memory: prune stale diagnostic session state entries and cap tracked session states to prevent unbounded in-memory growth on long-running gateways. (#5136) Thanks @coygeek and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Memory: clean up <code>agentRunSeq</code> tracking on run completion/abort and enforce maintenance-time cap pruning to prevent unbounded sequence-map growth over long uptimes. (#6036) Thanks @coygeek and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Auto-reply/Memory: bound <code>ABORT_MEMORY</code> growth by evicting oldest entries and deleting reset (<code>false</code>) flags so abort state tracking cannot grow unbounded over long uptimes. (#6629) Thanks @coygeek and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Slack/Memory: bound thread-starter cache growth with TTL + max-size pruning to prevent long-running Slack gateways from accumulating unbounded thread cache state. (#5258) Thanks @coygeek and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Outbound/Memory: bound directory cache growth with max-size eviction and proactive TTL pruning to prevent long-running gateways from accumulating unbounded directory entries. (#5140) Thanks @coygeek and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Skills/Memory: remove disconnected nodes from remote-skills cache to prevent stale node metadata from accumulating over long uptimes. (#6760) Thanks @coygeek.</li>
-<li>Sandbox/Tools: make sandbox file tools bind-mount aware (including absolute container paths) and enforce read-only bind semantics for writes. (#16379) Thanks @tasaankaeris.</li>
-<li>Media/Security: allow local media reads from OpenClaw state <code>workspace/</code> and <code>sandboxes/</code> roots by default so generated workspace media can be delivered without unsafe global path bypasses. (#15541) Thanks @lanceji.</li>
-<li>Media/Security: harden local media allowlist bypasses by requiring an explicit <code>readFile</code> override when callers mark paths as validated, and reject filesystem-root <code>localRoots</code> entries. (#16739)</li>
-<li>Discord/Security: harden voice message media loading (SSRF + allowed-local-root checks) so tool-supplied paths/URLs cannot be used to probe internal URLs or read arbitrary local files.</li>
-<li>Security/BlueBubbles: require explicit <code>mediaLocalRoots</code> allowlists for local outbound media path reads to prevent local file disclosure. (#16322) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
-<li>Security/BlueBubbles: reject ambiguous shared-path webhook routing when multiple webhook targets match the same guid/password.</li>
-<li>Security/BlueBubbles: harden BlueBubbles webhook auth behind reverse proxies by only accepting passwordless webhooks for direct localhost loopback requests (forwarded/proxied requests now require a password). Thanks @simecek.</li>
-<li>Feishu/Security: harden media URL fetching against SSRF and local file disclosure. (#16285) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
-<li>Security/Zalo: reject ambiguous shared-path webhook routing when multiple webhook targets match the same secret.</li>
-<li>Security/Nostr: require loopback source and block cross-origin profile mutation/import attempts. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Signal: harden signal-cli archive extraction during install to prevent path traversal outside the install root.</li>
-<li>Security/Hooks: restrict hook transform modules to <code>~/.openclaw/hooks/transforms</code> (prevents path traversal/escape module loads via config). Config note: <code>hooks.transformsDir</code> must now be within that directory. Thanks @akhmittra.</li>
-<li>Security/Hooks: ignore hook package manifest entries that point outside the package directory (prevents out-of-tree handler loads during hook discovery).</li>
-<li>Security/Archive: enforce archive extraction entry/size limits to prevent resource exhaustion from high-expansion ZIP/TAR archives. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Media: reject oversized base64-backed input media before decoding to avoid large allocations. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Media: stream and bound URL-backed input media fetches to prevent memory exhaustion from oversized responses. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Skills: harden archive extraction for download-installed skills to prevent path traversal outside the target directory. Thanks @markmusson.</li>
-<li>Security/Slack: compute command authorization for DM slash commands even when <code>dmPolicy=open</code>, preventing unauthorized users from running privileged commands via DM. Thanks @christos-eth.</li>
-<li>Security/iMessage: keep DM pairing-store identities out of group allowlist authorization (prevents cross-context command authorization). Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Google Chat: deprecate <code>users/<email></code> allowlists (treat <code>users/...</code> as immutable user id only); keep raw email allowlists for usability. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Google Chat: reject ambiguous shared-path webhook routing when multiple webhook targets verify successfully (prevents cross-account policy-context misrouting). Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Telegram/Security: require numeric Telegram sender IDs for allowlist authorization (reject <code>@username</code> principals), auto-resolve <code>@username</code> to IDs in <code>openclaw doctor --fix</code> (when possible), and warn in <code>openclaw security audit</code> when legacy configs contain usernames. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Telegram/Security: reject Telegram webhook startup when <code>webhookSecret</code> is missing or empty (prevents unauthenticated webhook request forgery). Thanks @yueyueL.</li>
-<li>Security/Windows: avoid shell invocation when spawning child processes to prevent cmd.exe metacharacter injection via untrusted CLI arguments (e.g. agent prompt text).</li>
-<li>Telegram: set webhook callback timeout handling to <code>onTimeout: "return"</code> (10s) so long-running update processing no longer emits webhook 500s and retry storms. (#16763) Thanks @chansearrington.</li>
-<li>Signal: preserve case-sensitive <code>group:</code> target IDs during normalization so mixed-case group IDs no longer fail with <code>Group not found</code>. (#16748) Thanks @repfigit.</li>
-<li>Feishu/Security: harden media URL fetching against SSRF and local file disclosure. (#16285) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
-<li>Security/Agents: scope CLI process cleanup to owned child PIDs to avoid killing unrelated processes on shared hosts. Thanks @aether-ai-agent.</li>
-<li>Security/Agents: enforce workspace-root path bounds for <code>apply_patch</code> in non-sandbox mode to block traversal and symlink escape writes. Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Agents: enforce symlink-escape checks for <code>apply_patch</code> delete hunks under <code>workspaceOnly</code>, while still allowing deleting the symlink itself. Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Agents (macOS): prevent shell injection when writing Claude CLI keychain credentials. (#15924) Thanks @aether-ai-agent.</li>
-<li>macOS: hard-limit unkeyed <code>openclaw://agent</code> deep links and ignore <code>deliver</code> / <code>to</code> / <code>channel</code> unless a valid unattended key is provided. Thanks @Cillian-Collins.</li>
-<li>Scripts/Security: validate GitHub logins and avoid shell invocation in <code>scripts/update-clawtributors.ts</code> to prevent command injection via malicious commit records. Thanks @scanleale.</li>
-<li>Security: fix Chutes manual OAuth login state validation by requiring the full redirect URL (reject code-only pastes) (thanks @aether-ai-agent).</li>
-<li>Security/Gateway: harden tool-supplied <code>gatewayUrl</code> overrides by restricting them to loopback or the configured <code>gateway.remote.url</code>. Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Gateway: block <code>system.execApprovals.*</code> via <code>node.invoke</code> (use <code>exec.approvals.node.*</code> instead). Thanks @christos-eth.</li>
-<li>Security/Gateway: reject oversized base64 chat attachments before decoding to avoid large allocations. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Gateway: stop returning raw resolved config values in <code>skills.status</code> requirement checks (prevents operator.read clients from reading secrets). Thanks @simecek.</li>
-<li>Security/Net: fix SSRF guard bypass via full-form IPv4-mapped IPv6 literals (blocks loopback/private/metadata access). Thanks @yueyueL.</li>
-<li>Security/Browser: harden browser control file upload + download helpers to prevent path traversal / local file disclosure. Thanks @1seal.</li>
-<li>Security/Browser: block cross-origin mutating requests to loopback browser control routes (CSRF hardening). Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Security/Node Host: enforce <code>system.run</code> rawCommand/argv consistency to prevent allowlist/approval bypass. Thanks @christos-eth.</li>
-<li>Security/Exec approvals: prevent safeBins allowlist bypass via shell expansion (host exec allowlist mode only; not enabled by default). Thanks @christos-eth.</li>
-<li>Security/Exec: harden PATH handling by disabling project-local <code>node_modules/.bin</code> bootstrapping by default, disallowing node-host <code>PATH</code> overrides, and spawning ACP servers via the current executable by default. Thanks @akhmittra.</li>
-<li>Security/Tlon: harden Urbit URL fetching against SSRF by blocking private/internal hosts by default (opt-in: <code>channels.tlon.allowPrivateNetwork</code>). Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Voice Call (Telnyx): require webhook signature verification when receiving inbound events; configs without <code>telnyx.publicKey</code> are now rejected unless <code>skipSignatureVerification</code> is enabled. Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Voice Call: require valid Twilio webhook signatures even when ngrok free tier loopback compatibility mode is enabled. Thanks @p80n-sec.</li>
-<li>Security/Discovery: stop treating Bonjour TXT records as authoritative routing (prefer resolved service endpoints) and prevent discovery from overriding stored TLS pins; autoconnect now requires a previously trusted gateway. Thanks @simecek.</li>
+<li>Plugin command/runtime hardening: validate and normalize plugin command name/description at registration boundaries, and guard Telegram native menu normalization paths so malformed plugin command specs cannot crash startup (<code>trim</code> on undefined). (#31997) Fixes #31944. Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Telegram: guard duplicate-token checks and gateway startup token normalization when account tokens are missing, preventing <code>token.trim()</code> crashes during status/start flows. (#31973) Thanks @ningding97.</li>
+<li>Discord/lifecycle startup status: push an immediate <code>connected</code> status snapshot when the gateway is already connected before lifecycle debug listeners attach, with abort-guarding to avoid contradictory status flips during pre-aborted startup. (#32336) Thanks @mitchmcalister.</li>
+<li>Feishu/LINE group system prompts: forward per-group <code>systemPrompt</code> config into inbound context <code>GroupSystemPrompt</code> for Feishu and LINE group/room events so configured group-specific behavior actually applies at dispatch time. (#31713) Thanks @whiskyboy.</li>
+<li>Mentions/Slack formatting hardening: add null-safe guards for runtime text normalization paths so malformed/undefined text payloads do not crash mention stripping or mrkdwn conversion. (#31865) Thanks @stone-jin.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Plugin sdk compatibility: add safe webhook default fallbacks when loading Feishu monitor state so mixed-version installs no longer crash if older <code>openclaw/plugin-sdk</code> builds omit webhook default constants. (#31606)</li>
+<li>Feishu/group broadcast dispatch: add configurable multi-agent group broadcast dispatch with observer-session isolation, cross-account dedupe safeguards, and non-mention history buffering rules that avoid duplicate replay in broadcast/topic workflows. (#29575) Thanks @ohmyskyhigh.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Subagent TLS pairing: allow authenticated local <code>gateway-client</code> backend self-connections to skip device pairing while still requiring pairing for non-local/direct-host paths, restoring <code>sessions_spawn</code> with <code>gateway.tls.enabled=true</code> in Docker/LAN setups. Fixes #30740. Thanks @Sid-Qin and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Browser/CDP startup diagnostics: include Chrome stderr output and a Linux no-sandbox hint in startup timeout errors so failed launches are easier to diagnose. (#29312) Thanks @veast.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/webhook ingress hardening: enforce bounded body reads (size + timeout) via shared request-body guards to prevent unauthenticated slow-body hangs before token validation. (#25831) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Dedup restart resilience: warm persistent dedup state into memory on monitor startup so retry events after gateway restart stay suppressed without requiring initial on-disk probe misses. (#31605)</li>
+<li>Voice-call/runtime lifecycle: prevent <code>EADDRINUSE</code> loops by resetting failed runtime promises, making webhook <code>start()</code> idempotent with the actual bound port, and fully cleaning up webhook/tunnel/tailscale resources after startup failures. (#32395) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Security hardening: tie loopback-origin dev allowance to actual local socket clients (not Host header claims), add explicit warnings/metrics when <code>gateway.controlUi.dangerouslyAllowHostHeaderOriginFallback</code> accepts websocket origins, harden safe-regex detection for quantified ambiguous alternation patterns (for example <code>(a|aa)+</code>), and bound large regex-evaluation inputs for session-filter and log-redaction paths.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Plugin HTTP hardening: require explicit <code>auth</code> for plugin route registration, add route ownership guards for duplicate <code>path+match</code> registrations, centralize plugin path matching/auth logic into dedicated modules, and share webhook target-route lifecycle wiring across channel monitors to avoid stale or conflicting registrations. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Browser/Profile defaults: prefer <code>openclaw</code> profile over <code>chrome</code> in headless/no-sandbox environments unless an explicit <code>defaultProfile</code> is configured. (#14944) Thanks @BenediktSchackenberg.</li>
+<li>Gateway/WS security: keep plaintext <code>ws://</code> loopback-only by default, with explicit break-glass private-network opt-in via <code>OPENCLAW_ALLOW_INSECURE_PRIVATE_WS=1</code>; align onboarding/client/call validation and tests to this strict-default policy. (#28670) Thanks @dashed, @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>OpenAI Codex OAuth/TLS prerequisites: add an OAuth TLS cert-chain preflight with actionable remediation for cert trust failures, and gate doctor TLS prerequisite probing to OpenAI Codex OAuth-configured installs (or explicit <code>doctor --deep</code>) to avoid unconditional outbound probe latency. (#32051) Thanks @alexfilatov.</li>
+<li>Security/Webhook request hardening: enforce auth-before-body parsing for BlueBubbles and Google Chat webhook handlers, add strict pre-auth body/time budgets for webhook auth paths (including LINE signature verification), and add shared in-flight/request guardrails plus regression tests/lint checks to prevent reintroducing unauthenticated slow-body DoS patterns. Thanks @GCXWLP for reporting.</li>
+<li>CLI/Config validation and routing hardening: dedupe <code>openclaw config validate</code> failures to a single authoritative report, expose allowed-values metadata/hints across core Zod and plugin AJV validation (including <code>--json</code> fields), sanitize terminal-rendered validation text, and make command-path parsing root-option-aware across preaction/route/lazy registration (including routed <code>config get/unset</code> with split root options). Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Browser/Extension relay reconnect tolerance: keep <code>/json/version</code> and <code>/cdp</code> reachable during short MV3 worker disconnects when attached targets still exist, and retain clients across reconnect grace windows. (#30232) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>CLI/Browser start timeout: honor <code>openclaw browser --timeout <ms> start</code> and stop by removing the fixed 15000ms override so slower Chrome startups can use caller-provided timeouts. (#22412, #23427) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/gateway lifecycle: keep <code>startAccount</code> pending until abort for inactive and active account paths to prevent webhook route restart loops under gateway supervision. (#23074) Thanks @druide67.</li>
+<li>Exec approvals/allowlist matching: escape regex metacharacters in path-pattern literals (while preserving glob wildcards), preventing crashes on allowlisted executables like <code>/usr/bin/g++</code> and correctly matching mixed wildcard/literal token paths. (#32162) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/webhook compatibility: accept JSON and alias payload fields, allow token resolution from body/query/header sources, and ACK webhook requests with <code>204</code> to avoid persistent <code>Processing...</code> states in Synology Chat clients. (#26635) Thanks @memphislee09-source.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/Twilio signature verification: retry signature validation across deterministic URL port variants (with/without port) to handle mixed Twilio signing behavior behind reverse proxies and non-standard ports. (#25140) Thanks @drvoss.</li>
+<li>Slack/Bolt startup compatibility: remove invalid <code>message.channels</code> and <code>message.groups</code> event registrations so Slack providers no longer crash on startup with Bolt 4.6+; channel/group traffic continues through the unified <code>message</code> handler (<code>channel_type</code>). (#32033) Thanks @mahopan.</li>
+<li>Slack/socket auth failure handling: fail fast on non-recoverable auth errors (<code>account_inactive</code>, <code>invalid_auth</code>, etc.) during startup and reconnect instead of retry-looping indefinitely, including <code>unable_to_socket_mode_start</code> error payload propagation. (#32377) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Gateway/macOS LaunchAgent hardening: write <code>Umask=077</code> in generated gateway LaunchAgent plists so npm upgrades preserve owner-only default file permissions for gateway-created state files. (#31919) Fixes #31905. Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>macOS/LaunchAgent security defaults: write <code>Umask=63</code> (octal <code>077</code>) into generated gateway launchd plists so post-update service reinstalls keep owner-only file permissions by default instead of falling back to system <code>022</code>. (#32022) Fixes #31905. Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Media understanding/provider HTTP proxy routing: pass a proxy-aware fetch function from <code>HTTPS_PROXY</code>/<code>HTTP_PROXY</code> env vars into audio/video provider calls (with graceful malformed-proxy fallback) so transcription/video requests honor configured outbound proxies. (#27093) Thanks @mcaxtr.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/workspace mount permissions: make primary <code>/workspace</code> bind mounts read-only whenever <code>workspaceAccess</code> is not <code>rw</code> (including <code>none</code>) across both core sandbox container and sandbox browser create flows. (#32227) Thanks @guanyu-zhang.</li>
+<li>Tools/fsPolicy propagation: honor <code>tools.fs.workspaceOnly</code> for image/pdf local-root allowlists so non-sandbox media paths outside workspace are rejected when workspace-only mode is enabled. (#31882) Thanks @justinhuangcode.</li>
+<li>Daemon/Homebrew runtime pinning: resolve Homebrew Cellar Node paths to stable Homebrew-managed symlinks (including versioned formulas like <code>node@22</code>) so gateway installs keep the intended runtime across brew upgrades. (#32185) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Browser/Security output boundary hardening: replace check-then-rename output commits with root-bound fd-verified writes, unify install/skills canonical path-boundary checks, and add regression coverage for symlink-rebind race paths across browser output and shared fs-safe write flows. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Security canonicalization hardening: decode plugin route path variants to canonical fixpoint (with bounded depth), fail closed on canonicalization anomalies, and enforce gateway auth for deeply encoded <code>/api/channels/*</code> variants to prevent alternate-path auth bypass through plugin handlers. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Browser/Gateway hardening: preserve env credentials for <code>OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_URL</code> / <code>CLAWDBOT_GATEWAY_URL</code> while treating explicit <code>--url</code> as override-only auth, and make container browser hardening flags optional with safer defaults for Docker/LXC stability. (#31504) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Control UI basePath webhook passthrough: let non-read methods under configured <code>controlUiBasePath</code> fall through to plugin routes (instead of returning Control UI 405), restoring webhook handlers behind basePath mounts. (#32311) Thanks @ademczuk.</li>
+<li>Control UI/Legacy browser compatibility: replace <code>toSorted</code>-dependent cron suggestion sorting in <code>app-render</code> with a compatibility helper so older browsers without <code>Array.prototype.toSorted</code> no longer white-screen. (#31775) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>macOS/PeekabooBridge: add compatibility socket symlinks for legacy <code>clawdbot</code>, <code>clawdis</code>, and <code>moltbot</code> Application Support socket paths so pre-rename clients can still connect. (#6033) Thanks @lumpinif and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Gateway/message tool reliability: avoid false <code>Unknown channel</code> failures when <code>message.*</code> actions receive platform-specific channel ids by falling back to <code>toolContext.currentChannelProvider</code>, and prevent health-monitor restart thrash for channels that just (re)started by adding a per-channel startup-connect grace window. (from #32367) Thanks @MunemHashmi.</li>
+<li>Windows/Spawn canonicalization: unify non-core Windows spawn handling across ACP client, QMD/mcporter memory paths, and sandbox Docker execution using the shared wrapper-resolution policy, with targeted regression coverage for <code>.cmd</code> shim unwrapping and shell fallback behavior. (#31750) Thanks @Takhoffman.</li>
+<li>Security/ACP sandbox inheritance: enforce fail-closed runtime guardrails for <code>sessions_spawn</code> with <code>runtime="acp"</code> by rejecting ACP spawns from sandboxed requester sessions and rejecting <code>sandbox="require"</code> for ACP runtime, preventing sandbox-boundary bypass via host-side ACP initialization. (#32254) Thanks @tdjackey for reporting, and @dutifulbob for the fix.</li>
+<li>Security/Web tools SSRF guard: keep DNS pinning for untrusted <code>web_fetch</code> and citation-redirect URL checks when proxy env vars are set, and require explicit dangerous opt-in before env-proxy routing can bypass pinned dispatch for trusted/operator-controlled endpoints. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Gemini schema sanitization: coerce malformed JSON Schema <code>properties</code> values (<code>null</code>, arrays, primitives) to <code>{}</code> before provider validation, preventing downstream strict-validator crashes on invalid plugin/tool schemas. (#32332) Thanks @webdevtodayjason.</li>
+<li>Media understanding/malformed attachment guards: harden attachment selection and decision summary formatting against non-array or malformed attachment payloads to prevent runtime crashes on invalid inbound metadata shapes. (#28024) Thanks @claw9267.</li>
+<li>Browser/Extension navigation reattach: preserve debugger re-attachment when relay is temporarily disconnected by deferring relay attach events until reconnect/re-announce, reducing post-navigation tab loss. (#28725) Thanks @stone-jin.</li>
+<li>Browser/Extension relay stale tabs: evict stale cached targets from <code>/json/list</code> when extension targets are destroyed/crashed or commands fail with missing target/session errors. (#6175) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Browser/CDP startup readiness: wait for CDP websocket readiness after launching Chrome and cleanly stop/reset when readiness never arrives, reducing follow-up <code>PortInUseError</code> races after <code>browser start</code>/<code>open</code>. (#29538) Thanks @AaronWander.</li>
+<li>OpenAI/Responses WebSocket tool-call id hygiene: normalize blank/whitespace streamed tool-call ids before persistence, and block empty <code>function_call_output.call_id</code> payloads in the WS conversion path to avoid OpenAI 400 errors (<code>Invalid 'input[n].call_id': empty string</code>), with regression coverage for both inbound stream normalization and outbound payload guards.</li>
+<li>Security/Nodes camera URL downloads: bind node <code>camera.snap</code>/<code>camera.clip</code> URL payload downloads to the resolved node host, enforce fail-closed behavior when node <code>remoteIp</code> is unavailable, and use SSRF-guarded fetch with redirect host/protocol checks to prevent off-node fetch pivots. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Config/backups hardening: enforce owner-only (<code>0600</code>) permissions on rotated config backups and clean orphan <code>.bak.*</code> files outside the managed backup ring, reducing credential leakage risk from stale or permissive backup artifacts. (#31718) Thanks @YUJIE2002.</li>
+<li>Telegram/inbound media filenames: preserve original <code>file_name</code> metadata for document/audio/video/animation downloads (with fetch/path fallbacks), so saved inbound attachments keep sender-provided names instead of opaque Telegram file paths. (#31837) Thanks @Kay-051.</li>
+<li>Gateway/OpenAI chat completions: honor <code>x-openclaw-message-channel</code> when building <code>agentCommand</code> input for <code>/v1/chat/completions</code>, preserving caller channel identity instead of forcing <code>webchat</code>. (#30462) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Plugin SDK/runtime hardening: add package export verification in CI/release checks to catch missing runtime exports before publish-time regressions. (#28575) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Media/MIME normalization: normalize parameterized/case-variant MIME strings in <code>kindFromMime</code> (for example <code>Audio/Ogg; codecs=opus</code>) so WhatsApp voice notes are classified as audio and routed through transcription correctly. (#32280) Thanks @Lucenx9.</li>
+<li>Discord/audio preflight mentions: detect audio attachments via Discord <code>content_type</code> and gate preflight transcription on typed text (not media placeholders), so guild voice-note mentions are transcribed and matched correctly. (#32136) Thanks @jnMetaCode.</li>
+<li>Feishu/topic session routing: use <code>thread_id</code> as topic session scope fallback when <code>root_id</code> is absent, keep first-turn topic keys stable across thread creation, and force thread replies when inbound events already carry topic/thread context. (#29788) Thanks @songyaolun.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Webchat NO_REPLY streaming: suppress assistant lead-fragment deltas that are prefixes of <code>NO_REPLY</code> and keep final-message buffering in sync, preventing partial <code>NO</code> leaks on silent-response runs while preserving legitimate short replies. (#32073) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Telegram/models picker callbacks: keep long model buttons selectable by falling back to compact callback payloads and resolving provider ids on selection (with provider re-prompt on ambiguity), avoiding Telegram 64-byte callback truncation failures. (#31857) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Context-window metadata warmup: add exponential config-load retry backoff (1s -> 2s -> 4s, capped at 60s) so transient startup failures recover automatically without hot-loop retries.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/Twilio external outbound: auto-register webhook-first <code>outbound-api</code> calls (initiated outside OpenClaw) so media streams are accepted and call direction metadata stays accurate. (#31181) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Feishu/topic root replies: prefer <code>root_id</code> as outbound <code>replyTargetMessageId</code> when present, and parse millisecond <code>message_create_time</code> values correctly so topic replies anchor to the root message in grouped thread flows. (#29968) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Feishu/DM pairing reply target: send pairing challenge replies to <code>chat:<chat_id></code> instead of <code>user:<sender_open_id></code> so Lark/Feishu private chats with user-id-only sender payloads receive pairing messages reliably. (#31403) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Lark private DM routing: treat inbound <code>chat_type: "private"</code> as direct-message context for pairing/mention-forward/reaction synthetic handling so Lark private chats behave like Feishu p2p DMs. (#31400) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Signal/message actions: allow <code>react</code> to fall back to <code>toolContext.currentMessageId</code> when <code>messageId</code> is omitted, matching Telegram behavior and unblocking agent-initiated reactions on inbound turns. (#32217) Thanks @dunamismax.</li>
+<li>Discord/message actions: allow <code>react</code> to fall back to <code>toolContext.currentMessageId</code> when <code>messageId</code> is omitted, matching Telegram/Signal reaction ergonomics in inbound turns.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/reply delivery: resolve webhook usernames to Chat API <code>user_id</code> values for outbound chatbot replies, avoiding mismatches between webhook user IDs and <code>method=chatbot</code> recipient IDs in multi-account setups. (#23709) Thanks @druide67.</li>
+<li>Slack/thread context payloads: only inject thread starter/history text on first thread turn for new sessions while preserving thread metadata, reducing repeated context-token bloat on long-lived thread sessions. (#32133) Thanks @sourman.</li>
+<li>Slack/session routing: keep top-level channel messages in one shared session when <code>replyToMode=off</code>, while preserving thread-scoped keys for true thread replies and non-off modes. (#32193) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/webhook routing: require exact webhook path matches (instead of prefix matches) so lookalike paths cannot reach provider verification/dispatch logic. (#31930) Thanks @afurm.</li>
+<li>Zalo/Pairing auth tests: add webhook regression coverage asserting DM pairing-store reads/writes remain account-scoped, preventing cross-account authorization bleed in multi-account setups. (#26121) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Zalouser/Pairing auth tests: add account-scoped DM pairing-store regression coverage (<code>monitor.account-scope.test.ts</code>) to prevent cross-account allowlist bleed in multi-account setups. (#26672) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Send target prefixes: normalize explicit <code>group:</code>/<code>dm:</code> send targets and preserve explicit receive-id routing hints when resolving outbound Feishu targets. (#31594) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Webchat/Feishu session continuation: preserve routable <code>OriginatingChannel</code>/<code>OriginatingTo</code> metadata from session delivery context in <code>chat.send</code>, and prefer provider-normalized channel when deciding cross-channel route dispatch so Webchat replies continue on the selected Feishu session instead of falling back to main/internal session routing. (#31573)</li>
+<li>Telegram/implicit mention forum handling: exclude Telegram forum system service messages (<code>forum_topic_*</code>, <code>general_forum_topic_*</code>) from reply-chain implicit mention detection so <code>requireMention</code> does not get bypassed inside bot-created topic lifecycle events. (#32262) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Slack/inbound debounce routing: isolate top-level non-DM message debounce keys by message timestamp to avoid cross-thread collisions, preserve DM batching, and flush pending top-level buffers before immediate non-debounce follow-ups to keep ordering stable. (#31951) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Duplicate replies: suppress same-target reply dispatch when message-tool sends use generic provider metadata (<code>provider: "message"</code>) and normalize <code>lark</code>/<code>feishu</code> provider aliases during duplicate-target checks, preventing double-delivery in Feishu sessions. (#31526)</li>
+<li>Webchat/silent token leak: filter assistant <code>NO_REPLY</code>-only transcript entries from <code>chat.history</code> responses and add client-side defense-in-depth guards in the chat controller so internal silent tokens never render as visible chat bubbles. (#32015) Consolidates overlap from #32183, #32082, #32045, #32052, #32172, and #32112. Thanks @ademczuk, @liuxiaopai-ai, @ningding97, @bmendonca3, and @x4v13r1120.</li>
+<li>Doctor/local memory provider checks: stop false-positive local-provider warnings when <code>provider=local</code> and no explicit <code>modelPath</code> is set by honoring default local model fallback while still warning when gateway probe reports local embeddings not ready. (#32014) Fixes #31998. Thanks @adhishthite.</li>
+<li>Media understanding/parakeet CLI output parsing: read <code>parakeet-mlx</code> transcripts from <code>--output-dir/<media-basename>.txt</code> when txt output is requested (or default), with stdout fallback for non-txt formats. (#9177) Thanks @mac-110.</li>
+<li>Media understanding/audio transcription guard: skip tiny/empty audio files (<1024 bytes) before provider/CLI transcription to avoid noisy invalid-audio failures and preserve clean fallback behavior. (#8388) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Plugin HTTP route precedence: run explicit plugin HTTP routes before the Control UI SPA catch-all so registered plugin webhook/custom paths remain reachable, while unmatched paths still fall through to Control UI handling. (#31885) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Node browser proxy routing: honor <code>profile</code> from <code>browser.request</code> JSON body when query params omit it, while preserving query-profile precedence when both are present. (#28852) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Control UI basePath POST handling: return 405 for <code>POST</code> on exact basePath routes (for example <code>/openclaw</code>) instead of redirecting, and add end-to-end regression coverage that root-mounted webhook POST paths still pass through to plugin handlers. (#31349) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Browser/default profile selection: default <code>browser.defaultProfile</code> behavior now prefers <code>openclaw</code> (managed standalone CDP) when no explicit default is configured, while still auto-provisioning the <code>chrome</code> relay profile for explicit opt-in use. (#32031) Fixes #31907. Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/mkdirp boundary checks: allow existing in-boundary directories to pass mkdirp boundary validation when directory open probes return platform-specific I/O errors, with regression coverage for directory-safe fallback behavior. (#31547) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Models/config env propagation: apply <code>config.env.vars</code> before implicit provider discovery in models bootstrap so config-scoped credentials are visible to implicit provider resolution paths. (#32295) Thanks @hsiaoa.</li>
+<li>Models/Codex usage labels: infer weekly secondary usage windows from reset cadence when API window seconds are ambiguously reported as 24h, so <code>openclaw models status</code> no longer mislabels weekly limits as daily. (#31938) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Heartbeat model reload: treat <code>models.*</code> and <code>agents.defaults.model</code> config updates as heartbeat hot-reload triggers so heartbeat picks up model changes without a full gateway restart. (#32046) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Memory/LanceDB embeddings: forward configured <code>embedding.dimensions</code> into OpenAI embeddings requests so vector size and API output dimensions stay aligned when dimensions are explicitly configured. (#32036) Thanks @scotthuang.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Control UI method guard: allow POST requests to non-UI routes to fall through when no base path is configured, and add POST regression coverage for fallthrough and base-path 405 behavior. (#23970) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
+<li>Browser/CDP status accuracy: require a successful <code>Browser.getVersion</code> response over the CDP websocket (not just socket-open) before reporting <code>cdpReady</code>, so stale idle command channels are surfaced as unhealthy. (#23427) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Daemon/systemd checks in containers: treat missing <code>systemctl</code> invocations (including <code>spawn systemctl ENOENT</code>/<code>EACCES</code>) as unavailable service state during <code>is-enabled</code> checks, preventing container flows from failing with <code>Gateway service check failed</code> before install/status handling can continue. (#26089) Thanks @sahilsatralkar and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Security/Node exec approvals: revalidate approval-bound <code>cwd</code> identity immediately before execution/forwarding and fail closed with an explicit denial when <code>cwd</code> drifts after approval hardening.</li>
+<li>Security audit/skills workspace hardening: add <code>skills.workspace.symlink_escape</code> warning in <code>openclaw security audit</code> when workspace <code>skills/**/SKILL.md</code> resolves outside the workspace root (for example symlink-chain drift), plus docs coverage in the security glossary.</li>
+<li>Security/Node exec approvals: preserve shell/dispatch-wrapper argv semantics during approval hardening so approved wrapper commands (for example <code>env sh -c ...</code>) cannot drift into a different runtime command shape, and add regression coverage for both approval-plan generation and approved runtime execution paths. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Security/fs-safe write hardening: make <code>writeFileWithinRoot</code> use same-directory temp writes plus atomic rename, add post-write inode/hardlink revalidation with security warnings on boundary drift, and avoid truncating existing targets when final rename fails.</li>
+<li>Security/Skills archive extraction: unify tar extraction safety checks across tar.gz and tar.bz2 install flows, enforce tar compressed-size limits, and fail closed if tar.bz2 archives change between preflight and extraction to prevent bypasses of entry-type/size guardrails. Thanks @GCXWLP for reporting.</li>
+<li>Security/Prompt spoofing hardening: stop injecting queued runtime events into user-role prompt text, route them through trusted system-prompt context, and neutralize inbound spoof markers like <code>[System Message]</code> and line-leading <code>System:</code> in untrusted message content. (#30448)</li>
+<li>Sandbox/Docker setup command parsing: accept <code>agents.*.sandbox.docker.setupCommand</code> as either a string or a string array, and normalize arrays to newline-delimited shell scripts so multi-step setup commands no longer concatenate without separators. (#31953) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/Bootstrap context boundary hardening: reject symlink/hardlink alias bootstrap seed files that resolve outside the source workspace and switch post-compaction <code>AGENTS.md</code> context reads to boundary-verified file opens, preventing host file content from being injected via workspace aliasing. Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
+<li>Agents/Sandbox workdir mapping: map container workdir paths (for example <code>/workspace</code>) back to the host workspace before sandbox path validation so exec requests keep the intended directory in containerized runs instead of falling back to an unavailable host path. (#31841) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Docker/Sandbox bootstrap hardening: make <code>OPENCLAW_SANDBOX</code> opt-in parsing explicit (<code>1|true|yes|on</code>), support custom Docker socket paths via <code>OPENCLAW_DOCKER_SOCKET</code>, defer docker.sock exposure until sandbox prerequisites pass, and reset/roll back persisted sandbox mode to <code>off</code> when setup is skipped or partially fails to avoid stale broken sandbox state. (#29974) Thanks @jamtujest and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Hooks/webhook ACK compatibility: return <code>200</code> (instead of <code>202</code>) for successful <code>/hooks/agent</code> requests so providers that require <code>200</code> (for example Forward Email) accept dispatched agent hook deliveries. (#28204) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Run channel fallback: prefer <code>Provider</code> over <code>Surface</code> when inferring queued run <code>messageProvider</code> fallback (when <code>OriginatingChannel</code> is missing), preventing Feishu turns from being mislabeled as <code>webchat</code> in mixed relay metadata contexts. (#31880) Fixes #31859. Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Skills/sherpa-onnx-tts: run the <code>sherpa-onnx-tts</code> bin under ESM (replace CommonJS <code>require</code> imports) and add regression coverage to prevent <code>require is not defined in ES module scope</code> startup crashes. (#31965) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Inbound metadata/direct relay context: restore direct-channel conversation metadata blocks for external channels (for example WhatsApp) while preserving webchat-direct suppression, so relay agents recover sender/message identifiers without reintroducing internal webchat metadata noise. (#31969) Fixes #29972. Thanks @Lucenx9.</li>
+<li>Slack/Channel message subscriptions: register explicit <code>message.channels</code> and <code>message.groups</code> monitor handlers (alongside generic <code>message</code>) so channel/group event subscriptions are consumed even when Slack dispatches typed message event names. Fixes #31674.</li>
+<li>Hooks/session-scoped memory context: expose ephemeral <code>sessionId</code> in embedded plugin tool contexts and <code>before_tool_call</code>/<code>after_tool_call</code> hook contexts (including compaction and client-tool wiring) so plugins can isolate per-conversation state across <code>/new</code> and <code>/reset</code>. Related #31253 and #31304. Thanks @Sid-Qin and @Servo-AIpex.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/Twilio inbound greeting: run answered-call initial notify greeting for Twilio instead of skipping the manager speak path, with regression coverage for both Twilio and Plivo notify flows. (#29121) Thanks @xinhuagu.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/stale call hydration: verify active calls with the provider before loading persisted in-progress calls so stale locally persisted records do not block or misroute new call handling after restarts. (#4325) Thanks @garnetlyx.</li>
+<li>Feishu/File upload filenames: percent-encode non-ASCII/special-character <code>file_name</code> values in Feishu multipart uploads so Chinese/symbol-heavy filenames are sent as proper attachments instead of plain text links. (#31179) Thanks @Kay-051.</li>
+<li>Media/MIME channel parity: route Telegram/Signal/iMessage media-kind checks through normalized <code>kindFromMime</code> so mixed-case/parameterized MIME values classify consistently across message channels.</li>
+<li>WhatsApp/inbound self-message context: propagate inbound <code>fromMe</code> through the web inbox pipeline and annotate direct self messages as <code>(self)</code> in envelopes so agents can distinguish owner-authored turns from contact turns. (#32167) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Webchat/stream finalization: persist streamed assistant text when final events omit <code>message</code>, while keeping final payload precedence and skipping empty stream buffers to prevent disappearing replies after tool turns. (#31920) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Inbound ordering: serialize message handling per chat while preserving cross-chat concurrency to avoid same-chat race drops under bursty inbound traffic. (#31807)</li>
+<li>Feishu/Typing notification suppression: skip typing keepalive reaction re-adds when the indicator is already active, preventing duplicate notification pings from repeated identical emoji adds. (#31580)</li>
+<li>Feishu/Probe failure backoff: cache API and timeout probe failures for one minute per account key while preserving abort-aware probe timeouts, reducing repeated health-check retries during transient credential/network outages. (#29970)</li>
+<li>Feishu/Streaming block fallback: preserve markdown block stream text as final streaming-card content when final payload text is missing, while still suppressing non-card internal block chunk delivery. (#30663)</li>
+<li>Feishu/Bitable API errors: unify Feishu Bitable tool error handling with structured <code>LarkApiError</code> responses and consistent API/context attribution across wiki/base metadata, field, and record operations. (#31450)</li>
+<li>Feishu/Missing-scope grant URL fix: rewrite known invalid scope aliases (<code>contact:contact.base:readonly</code>) to valid scope names in permission grant links, so remediation URLs open with correct Feishu consent scopes. (#31943)</li>
+<li>BlueBubbles/Message metadata: harden send response ID extraction, include sender identity in DM context, and normalize inbound <code>message_id</code> selection to avoid duplicate ID metadata. (#23970) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
+<li>WebChat/markdown tables: ensure GitHub-flavored markdown table parsing is explicitly enabled at render time and add horizontal overflow handling for wide tables, with regression coverage for table-only and mixed text+table content. (#32365) Thanks @BlueBirdBack.</li>
+<li>Feishu/default account resolution: always honor explicit <code>channels.feishu.defaultAccount</code> during outbound account selection (including top-level-credential setups where the preferred id is not present in <code>accounts</code>), instead of silently falling back to another account id. (#32253) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Sender lookup permissions: suppress user-facing grant prompts for stale non-existent scope errors (<code>contact:contact.base:readonly</code>) during best-effort sender-name resolution so inbound messages continue without repeated false permission notices. (#31761)</li>
+<li>Discord/dispatch + Slack formatting: restore parallel outbound dispatch across Discord channels with per-channel queues while preserving in-channel ordering, and run Slack preview/stream update text through mrkdwn normalization for consistent formatting. (#31927) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Inbound debounce: debounce rapid same-chat sender bursts into one ordered dispatch turn, skip already-processed retries when composing merged text, and preserve bot-mention intent across merged entries to reduce duplicate or late inbound handling. (#31548)</li>
+<li>Tests/Sandbox + archive portability: use junction-compatible directory-link setup on Windows and explicit file-symlink platform guards in symlink escape tests where unprivileged file symlinks are unavailable, reducing false Windows CI failures while preserving traversal checks on supported paths. (#28747) Thanks @arosstale.</li>
+<li>Browser/Extension re-announce reliability: keep relay state in <code>connecting</code> when re-announce forwarding fails and extend debugger re-attach retries after navigation to reduce false attached states and post-nav disconnect loops. (#27630) Thanks @markmusson.</li>
+<li>Browser/Act request compatibility: accept legacy flattened <code>action="act"</code> params (<code>kind/ref/text/...</code>) in addition to <code>request={...}</code> so browser act calls no longer fail with <code>request required</code>. (#15120) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>OpenRouter/x-ai compatibility: skip <code>reasoning.effort</code> injection for <code>x-ai/*</code> models (for example Grok) so OpenRouter requests no longer fail with invalid-arguments errors on unsupported reasoning params. (#32054) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Models/openai-completions developer-role compatibility: force <code>supportsDeveloperRole=false</code> for non-native endpoints, treat unparseable <code>baseUrl</code> values as non-native, and add regression coverage for empty/malformed baseUrl plus explicit-true override behavior. (#29479) thanks @akramcodez.</li>
+<li>Browser/Profile attach-only override: support <code>browser.profiles.<name>.attachOnly</code> (fallback to global <code>browser.attachOnly</code>) so loopback proxy profiles can skip local launch/port-ownership checks without forcing attach-only mode for every profile. (#20595) Thanks @unblockedgamesstudio and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Sessions/Lock recovery: detect recycled Linux PIDs by comparing lock-file <code>starttime</code> with <code>/proc/<pid>/stat</code> starttime, so stale <code>.jsonl.lock</code> files are reclaimed immediately in containerized PID-reuse scenarios while preserving compatibility for older lock files. (#26443) Fixes #27252. Thanks @HirokiKobayashi-R and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Cron/isolated delivery target fallback: remove early unresolved-target return so cron delivery can flow through shared outbound target resolution (including per-channel <code>resolveDefaultTo</code> fallback) when <code>delivery.to</code> is omitted. (#32364) Thanks @hclsys.</li>
+<li>OpenAI media capabilities: include <code>audio</code> in the OpenAI provider capability list so audio transcription models are eligible in media-understanding provider selection. (#12717) Thanks @openjay.</li>
+<li>Browser/Managed tab cap: limit loopback managed <code>openclaw</code> page tabs to 8 via best-effort cleanup after tab opens to reduce long-running renderer buildup while preserving attach-only and remote profile behavior. (#29724) Thanks @pandego.</li>
+<li>Docker/Image health checks: add Dockerfile <code>HEALTHCHECK</code> that probes gateway <code>GET /healthz</code> so container runtimes can mark unhealthy instances without requiring auth credentials in the probe command. (#11478) Thanks @U-C4N and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Node dangerous-command parity: include <code>sms.send</code> in default onboarding node <code>denyCommands</code>, share onboarding deny defaults with the gateway dangerous-command source of truth, and include <code>sms.send</code> in phone-control <code>/phone arm writes</code> handling so SMS follows the same break-glass flow as other dangerous node commands. Thanks @zpbrent.</li>
+<li>Pairing/AllowFrom account fallback: handle omitted <code>accountId</code> values in <code>readChannelAllowFromStore</code> and <code>readChannelAllowFromStoreSync</code> as <code>default</code>, while preserving legacy unscoped allowFrom merges for default-account flows. Thanks @Sid-Qin and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Browser/Remote CDP ownership checks: skip local-process ownership errors for non-loopback remote CDP profiles when HTTP is reachable but the websocket handshake fails, and surface the remote websocket attach/retry path instead. (#15582) Landed from contributor (#28780) Thanks @stubbi, @bsormagec, @unblockedgamesstudio and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Browser/CDP proxy bypass: force direct loopback agent paths and scoped <code>NO_PROXY</code> expansion for localhost CDP HTTP/WS connections when proxy env vars are set, so browser relay/control still works behind global proxy settings. (#31469) Thanks @widingmarcus-cyber.</li>
+<li>Sessions/idle reset correctness: preserve existing <code>updatedAt</code> during inbound metadata-only writes so idle-reset boundaries are not unintentionally refreshed before actual user turns. (#32379) Thanks @romeodiaz.</li>
+<li>Sessions/lock recovery: reclaim orphan legacy same-PID lock files missing <code>starttime</code> when no in-process lock ownership exists, avoiding false lock timeouts after PID reuse while preserving active lock safety checks. (#32081) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Sessions/store cache invalidation: reload cached session stores when file size changes within the same mtime tick by keying cache validation on a single file-stat snapshot (<code>mtimeMs</code> + <code>sizeBytes</code>), with regression coverage for same-tick rewrites. (#32191) Thanks @jalehman.</li>
+<li>Agents/Subagents <code>sessions_spawn</code>: reject malformed <code>agentId</code> inputs before normalization (for example error-message/path-like strings) to prevent unintended synthetic agent IDs and ghost workspace/session paths; includes strict validation regression coverage. (#31381) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>CLI/installer Node preflight: enforce Node.js <code>v22.12+</code> consistently in both <code>openclaw.mjs</code> runtime bootstrap and installer active-shell checks, with actionable nvm recovery guidance for mismatched shell PATH/defaults. (#32356) Thanks @jasonhargrove.</li>
+<li>Web UI/config form: support SecretInput string-or-secret-ref unions in map <code>additionalProperties</code>, so provider API key fields stay editable instead of being marked unsupported. (#31866) Thanks @ningding97.</li>
+<li>Auto-reply/inline command cleanup: preserve newline structure when stripping inline <code>/status</code> and extracting inline slash commands by collapsing only horizontal whitespace, preventing paragraph flattening in multi-line replies. (#32224) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Config/raw redaction safety: preserve non-sensitive literals during raw redaction round-trips, scope SecretRef redaction to secret IDs (not structural fields like <code>source</code>/<code>provider</code>), and fall back to structured raw redaction when text replacement cannot restore the original config shape. (#32174) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Hooks/runtime stability: keep the internal hook handler registry on a <code>globalThis</code> singleton so hook registration/dispatch remains consistent when bundling emits duplicate module copies. (#32292) Thanks @Drickon.</li>
+<li>Hooks/after_tool_call: include embedded session context (<code>sessionKey</code>, <code>agentId</code>) and fire the hook exactly once per tool execution by removing duplicate adapter-path dispatch in embedded runs. (#32201) Thanks @jbeno, @scoootscooob, @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Hooks/tool-call correlation: include <code>runId</code> and <code>toolCallId</code> in plugin tool hook payloads/context and scope tool start/adjusted-param tracking by run to prevent cross-run collisions in <code>before_tool_call</code> and <code>after_tool_call</code>. (#32360) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins/install diagnostics: reject legacy plugin package shapes without <code>openclaw.extensions</code> and return an explicit upgrade hint with troubleshooting docs for repackaging. (#32055) Thanks @liuxiaopai-ai.</li>
+<li>Hooks/plugin context parity: ensure <code>llm_input</code> hooks in embedded attempts receive the same <code>trigger</code> and <code>channelId</code>-aware <code>hookCtx</code> used by the other hook phases, preserving channel/trigger-scoped plugin behavior. (#28623) Thanks @davidrudduck and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins/hardlink install compatibility: allow bundled plugin manifests and entry files to load when installed via hardlink-based package managers (<code>pnpm</code>, <code>bun</code>) while keeping hardlink rejection enabled for non-bundled plugin sources. (#32119) Fixes #28175, #28404, #29455. Thanks @markfietje.</li>
+<li>Cron/session reaper reliability: move cron session reaper sweeps into <code>onTimer</code> <code>finally</code> and keep pruning active even when timer ticks fail early (for example cron store parse failures), preventing stale isolated run sessions from accumulating indefinitely. (#31996) Fixes #31946. Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Cron/HEARTBEAT_OK summary leak: suppress fallback main-session enqueue for heartbeat/internal ack summaries in isolated announce mode so <code>HEARTBEAT_OK</code> noise never appears in user chat while real summaries still forward. (#32093) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Authentication: classify <code>permission_error</code> as <code>auth_permanent</code> for profile fallback. (#31324) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Agents/host edit reliability: treat host edit-tool throws as success only when on-disk post-check confirms replacement likely happened (<code>newText</code> present and <code>oldText</code> absent), preventing false failure reports while avoiding pre-write false positives. (#32383) Thanks @polooooo.</li>
+<li>Plugins/install fallback safety: resolve bare install specs to bundled plugin ids before npm lookup (for example <code>diffs</code> -> bundled <code>@openclaw/diffs</code>), keep npm fallback limited to true package-not-found errors, and continue rejecting non-plugin npm packages that fail manifest validation. (#32096) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Web UI/inline code copy fidelity: disable forced mid-token wraps on inline <code><code></code> spans so copied UUID/hash/token strings preserve exact content instead of inserting line-break spaces. (#32346) Thanks @hclsys.</li>
+<li>Restart sentinel formatting: avoid duplicate <code>Reason:</code> lines when restart message text already matches <code>stats.reason</code>, keeping restart notifications concise for users and downstream parsers. (#32083) Thanks @velamints2.</li>
+<li>Auto-reply/followup queue: avoid stale callback reuse across idle-window restarts by caching the followup runner only when a drain actually starts, preserving enqueue ordering after empty-finalize paths. (#31902) Thanks @Lanfei.</li>
+<li>Agents/tool-result guard: always clear pending tool-call state on interruptions even when synthetic tool results are disabled, preventing orphaned tool-use transcripts that cause follow-up provider request failures. (#32120) Thanks @jnMetaCode.</li>
+<li>Failover/error classification: treat HTTP <code>529</code> (provider overloaded, common with Anthropic-compatible APIs) as <code>rate_limit</code> so model failover can engage instead of misclassifying the error path. (#31854) Thanks @bugkill3r.</li>
+<li>Logging: use local time for logged timestamps instead of UTC, aligning log output with documented local timezone behavior and avoiding confusion during local diagnostics. (#28434) Thanks @liuy.</li>
+<li>Agents/Subagent announce cleanup: keep completion-message runs pending while descendants settle, add a 30 minute hard-expiry backstop to avoid indefinite pending state, and keep retry bookkeeping resumable across deferred wakes. (#23970) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
+<li>Secrets/exec resolver timeout defaults: use provider <code>timeoutMs</code> as the default inactivity (<code>noOutputTimeoutMs</code>) watchdog for exec secret providers, preventing premature no-output kills for resolvers that start producing output after 2s. (#32235) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Auto-reply/reminder guard note suppression: when a turn makes reminder-like commitments but schedules no new cron jobs, suppress the unscheduled-reminder warning note only if an enabled cron already exists for the same session; keep warnings for unrelated sessions, disabled jobs, or unreadable cron store paths. (#32255) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Cron/isolated announce heartbeat suppression: treat multi-payload runs as skippable when any payload is a heartbeat ack token and no payload has media, preventing internal narration + trailing <code>HEARTBEAT_OK</code> from being delivered to users. (#32131) Thanks @adhishthite.</li>
+<li>Cron/store migration: normalize legacy cron jobs with string <code>schedule</code> and top-level <code>command</code>/<code>timeout</code> fields into canonical schedule/payload/session-target shape on load, preventing schedule-error loops on old persisted stores. (#31926) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Tests/Windows backup rotation: skip chmod-only backup permission assertions on Windows while retaining compose/rotation/prune coverage across platforms to avoid false CI failures from Windows non-POSIX mode semantics. (#32286) Thanks @jalehman.</li>
+<li>Tests/Subagent announce: set <code>OPENCLAW_TEST_FAST=1</code> before importing <code>subagent-announce</code> format suites so module-level fast-mode constants are captured deterministically on Windows CI, preventing timeout flakes in nested completion announce coverage. (#31370) Thanks @zwffff.</li>
 </ul>
 <p><a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md">View full changelog</a></p>
 ]]></description>
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         <item>
-            <title>2026.2.15</title>
-            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Feb 2026 05:04:34 +0100</pubDate>
+            <title>2026.3.1</title>
+            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2026 04:40:59 +0000</pubDate>
             <link>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/appcast.xml</link>
-            <sparkle:version>202602150</sparkle:version>
-            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.2.15</sparkle:shortVersionString>
+            <sparkle:version>2026030190</sparkle:version>
+            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.3.1</sparkle:shortVersionString>
             <sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>15.0</sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>
-            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.2.15</h2>
+            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.3.1</h2>
 <h3>Changes</h3>
 <ul>
-<li>Discord: unlock rich interactive agent prompts with Components v2 (buttons, selects, modals, and attachment-backed file blocks) so for native interaction through Discord. Thanks @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
-<li>Discord: components v2 UI + embeds passthrough + exec approval UX refinements (CV2 containers, button layout, Discord-forwarding skip). Thanks @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
-<li>Plugins: expose <code>llm_input</code> and <code>llm_output</code> hook payloads so extensions can observe prompt/input context and model output usage details. (#16724) Thanks @SecondThread.</li>
-<li>Subagents: nested sub-agents (sub-sub-agents) with configurable depth. Set <code>agents.defaults.subagents.maxSpawnDepth: 2</code> to allow sub-agents to spawn their own children. Includes <code>maxChildrenPerAgent</code> limit (default 5), depth-aware tool policy, and proper announce chain routing. (#14447) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
-<li>Slack/Discord/Telegram: add per-channel ack reaction overrides (account/channel-level) to support platform-specific emoji formats. (#17092) Thanks @zerone0x.</li>
-<li>Cron/Gateway: add finished-run webhook delivery toggle (<code>notify</code>) and dedicated webhook auth token support (<code>cron.webhookToken</code>) for outbound cron webhook posts. (#14535) Thanks @advaitpaliwal.</li>
-<li>Channels: deduplicate probe/token resolution base types across core + extensions while preserving per-channel error typing. (#16986) Thanks @iyoda and @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
+<li>Agents/Thinking defaults: set <code>adaptive</code> as the default thinking level for Anthropic Claude 4.6 models (including Bedrock Claude 4.6 refs) while keeping other reasoning-capable models at <code>low</code> unless explicitly configured.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Container probes: add built-in HTTP liveness/readiness endpoints (<code>/health</code>, <code>/healthz</code>, <code>/ready</code>, <code>/readyz</code>) for Docker/Kubernetes health checks, with fallback routing so existing handlers on those paths are not shadowed. (#31272) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Android/Nodes: add <code>camera.list</code>, <code>device.permissions</code>, <code>device.health</code>, and <code>notifications.actions</code> (<code>open</code>/<code>dismiss</code>/<code>reply</code>) on Android nodes, plus first-class node-tool actions for the new device/notification commands. (#28260) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Discord/Thread bindings: replace fixed TTL lifecycle with inactivity (<code>idleHours</code>, default 24h) plus optional hard <code>maxAgeHours</code> lifecycle controls, and add <code>/session idle</code> + <code>/session max-age</code> commands for focused thread-bound sessions. (#27845) Thanks @osolmaz.</li>
+<li>Telegram/DM topics: add per-DM <code>direct</code> + topic config (allowlists, <code>dmPolicy</code>, <code>skills</code>, <code>systemPrompt</code>, <code>requireTopic</code>), route DM topics as distinct inbound/outbound sessions, and enforce topic-aware authorization/debounce for messages, callbacks, commands, and reactions. Landed from contributor PR #30579 by @kesor. Thanks @kesor.</li>
+<li>Web UI/Cron i18n: localize cron page labels, filters, form help text, and validation/error messaging in English and zh-CN. (#29315) Thanks @BUGKillerKing.</li>
+<li>OpenAI/Streaming transport: make <code>openai</code> Responses WebSocket-first by default (<code>transport: "auto"</code> with SSE fallback), add shared OpenAI WS stream/connection runtime wiring with per-session cleanup, and preserve server-side compaction payload mutation (<code>store</code> + <code>context_management</code>) on the WS path.</li>
+<li>Android/Gateway capability refresh: add live Android capability integration coverage and node canvas capability refresh wiring, plus runtime hardening for A2UI readiness retries, scoped canvas URL normalization, debug diagnostics JSON, and JavaScript MIME delivery. (#28388) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Android/Nodes parity: add <code>system.notify</code>, <code>photos.latest</code>, <code>contacts.search</code>/<code>contacts.add</code>, <code>calendar.events</code>/<code>calendar.add</code>, and <code>motion.activity</code>/<code>motion.pedometer</code>, with motion sensor-aware command gating and improved activity sampling reliability. (#29398) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>CLI/Config: add <code>openclaw config file</code> to print the active config file path resolved from <code>OPENCLAW_CONFIG_PATH</code> or the default location. (#26256) thanks @cyb1278588254.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Docx tables + uploads: add <code>feishu_doc</code> actions for Docx table creation/cell writing (<code>create_table</code>, <code>write_table_cells</code>, <code>create_table_with_values</code>) and image/file uploads (<code>upload_image</code>, <code>upload_file</code>) with stricter create/upload error handling for missing <code>document_id</code> and placeholder cleanup failures. (#20304) Thanks @xuhao1.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Reactions: add inbound <code>im.message.reaction.created_v1</code> handling, route verified reactions through synthetic inbound turns, and harden verification with timeout + fail-closed filtering so non-bot or unverified reactions are dropped. (#16716) Thanks @schumilin.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Chat tooling: add <code>feishu_chat</code> tool actions for chat info and member queries, with configurable enablement under <code>channels.feishu.tools.chat</code>. (#14674) Thanks @liuweifly.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Doc permissions: support optional owner permission grant fields on <code>feishu_doc</code> create and report permission metadata only when the grant call succeeds, with regression coverage for success/failure/omitted-owner paths. (#28295) Thanks @zhoulongchao77.</li>
+<li>Web UI/i18n: add German (<code>de</code>) locale support and auto-render language options from supported locale constants in Overview settings. (#28495) thanks @dsantoreis.</li>
+<li>Tools/Diffs: add a new optional <code>diffs</code> plugin tool for read-only diff rendering from before/after text or unified patches, with gateway viewer URLs for canvas and PNG image output. Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Memory/LanceDB: support custom OpenAI <code>baseUrl</code> and embedding dimensions for LanceDB memory. (#17874) Thanks @rish2jain and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>ACP/ACPX streaming: pin ACPX plugin support to <code>0.1.15</code>, add configurable ACPX command/version probing, and streamline ACP stream delivery (<code>final_only</code> default + reduced tool-event noise) with matching runtime and test updates. (#30036) Thanks @osolmaz.</li>
+<li>Shell env markers: set <code>OPENCLAW_SHELL</code> across shell-like runtimes (<code>exec</code>, <code>acp</code>, <code>acp-client</code>, <code>tui-local</code>) so shell startup/config rules can target OpenClaw contexts consistently, and document the markers in env/exec/acp/TUI docs. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Cron/Heartbeat light bootstrap context: add opt-in lightweight bootstrap mode for automation runs (<code>--light-context</code> for cron agent turns and <code>agents.*.heartbeat.lightContext</code> for heartbeat), keeping only <code>HEARTBEAT.md</code> for heartbeat runs and skipping bootstrap-file injection for cron lightweight runs. (#26064) Thanks @jose-velez.</li>
+<li>OpenAI/WebSocket warm-up: add optional OpenAI Responses WebSocket warm-up (<code>response.create</code> with <code>generate:false</code>), enable it by default for <code>openai/*</code>, and expose <code>params.openaiWsWarmup</code> for per-model enable/disable control.</li>
+<li>Agents/Subagents runtime events: replace ad-hoc subagent completion system-message handoff with typed internal completion events (<code>task_completion</code>) that are rendered consistently across direct and queued announce paths, with gateway/CLI plumbing for structured <code>internalEvents</code>.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Breaking</h3>
+<ul>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> Node exec approval payloads now require <code>systemRunPlan</code>. <code>host=node</code> approval requests without that plan are rejected.</li>
+<li><strong>BREAKING:</strong> Node <code>system.run</code> execution now pins path-token commands to the canonical executable path (<code>realpath</code>) in both allowlist and approval execution flows. Integrations/tests that asserted token-form argv (for example <code>tr</code>) must now accept canonical paths (for example <code>/usr/bin/tr</code>).</li>
 </ul>
 <h3>Fixes</h3>
 <ul>
-<li>Security: replace deprecated SHA-1 sandbox configuration hashing with SHA-256 for deterministic sandbox cache identity and recreation checks. Thanks @kexinoh.</li>
-<li>Security/Logging: redact Telegram bot tokens from error messages and uncaught stack traces to prevent accidental secret leakage into logs. Thanks @aether-ai-agent.</li>
-<li>Sandbox/Security: block dangerous sandbox Docker config (bind mounts, host networking, unconfined seccomp/apparmor) to prevent container escape via config injection. Thanks @aether-ai-agent.</li>
-<li>Sandbox: preserve array order in config hashing so order-sensitive Docker/browser settings trigger container recreation correctly. Thanks @kexinoh.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Security: redact sensitive session/path details from <code>status</code> responses for non-admin clients; full details remain available to <code>operator.admin</code>. (#8590) Thanks @fr33d3m0n.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Control UI: preserve requested operator scopes for Control UI bypass modes (<code>allowInsecureAuth</code> / <code>dangerouslyDisableDeviceAuth</code>) when device identity is unavailable, preventing false <code>missing scope</code> failures on authenticated LAN/HTTP operator sessions. (#17682) Thanks @leafbird.</li>
-<li>LINE/Security: fail closed on webhook startup when channel token or channel secret is missing, and treat LINE accounts as configured only when both are present. (#17587) Thanks @davidahmann.</li>
-<li>Skills/Security: restrict <code>download</code> installer <code>targetDir</code> to the per-skill tools directory to prevent arbitrary file writes. Thanks @Adam55A-code.</li>
-<li>Skills/Linux: harden go installer fallback on apt-based systems by handling root/no-sudo environments safely, doing best-effort apt index refresh, and returning actionable errors instead of failing with spawn errors. (#17687) Thanks @mcrolly.</li>
-<li>Web Fetch/Security: cap downloaded response body size before HTML parsing to prevent memory exhaustion from oversized or deeply nested pages. Thanks @xuemian168.</li>
-<li>Config/Gateway: make sensitive-key whitelist suffix matching case-insensitive while preserving <code>passwordFile</code> path exemptions, preventing accidental redaction of non-secret config values like <code>maxTokens</code> and IRC password-file paths. (#16042) Thanks @akramcodez.</li>
-<li>Dev tooling: harden git <code>pre-commit</code> hook against option injection from malicious filenames (for example <code>--force</code>), preventing accidental staging of ignored files. Thanks @mrthankyou.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Agent: reject malformed <code>agent:</code>-prefixed session keys (for example, <code>agent:main</code>) in <code>agent</code> and <code>agent.identity.get</code> instead of silently resolving them to the default agent, preventing accidental cross-session routing. (#15707) Thanks @rodrigouroz.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Chat: harden <code>chat.send</code> inbound message handling by rejecting null bytes, stripping unsafe control characters, and normalizing Unicode to NFC before dispatch. (#8593) Thanks @fr33d3m0n.</li>
-<li>Gateway/Send: return an actionable error when <code>send</code> targets internal-only <code>webchat</code>, guiding callers to use <code>chat.send</code> or a deliverable channel. (#15703) Thanks @rodrigouroz.</li>
-<li>Control UI: prevent stored XSS via assistant name/avatar by removing inline script injection, serving bootstrap config as JSON, and enforcing <code>script-src 'self'</code>. Thanks @Adam55A-code.</li>
-<li>Agents/Security: sanitize workspace paths before embedding into LLM prompts (strip Unicode control/format chars) to prevent instruction injection via malicious directory names. Thanks @aether-ai-agent.</li>
-<li>Agents/Sandbox: clarify system prompt path guidance so sandbox <code>bash/exec</code> uses container paths (for example <code>/workspace</code>) while file tools keep host-bridge mapping, avoiding first-attempt path misses from host-only absolute paths in sandbox command execution. (#17693) Thanks @app/juniordevbot.</li>
-<li>Agents/Context: apply configured model <code>contextWindow</code> overrides after provider discovery so <code>lookupContextTokens()</code> honors operator config values (including discovery-failure paths). (#17404) Thanks @michaelbship and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Agents/Context: derive <code>lookupContextTokens()</code> from auth-available model metadata and keep the smallest discovered context window for duplicate model ids, preventing cross-provider cache collisions from overestimating session context limits. (#17586) Thanks @githabideri and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Agents/OpenAI: force <code>store=true</code> for direct OpenAI Responses/Codex runs to preserve multi-turn server-side conversation state, while leaving proxy/non-OpenAI endpoints unchanged. (#16803) Thanks @mark9232 and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Memory/FTS: make <code>buildFtsQuery</code> Unicode-aware so non-ASCII queries (including CJK) produce keyword tokens instead of falling back to vector-only search. (#17672) Thanks @KinGP5471.</li>
-<li>Auto-reply/Compaction: resolve <code>memory/YYYY-MM-DD.md</code> placeholders with timezone-aware runtime dates and append a <code>Current time:</code> line to memory-flush turns, preventing wrong-year memory filenames without making the system prompt time-variant. (#17603, #17633) Thanks @nicholaspapadam-wq and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Agents: return an explicit timeout error reply when an embedded run times out before producing any payloads, preventing silent dropped turns during slow cache-refresh transitions. (#16659) Thanks @liaosvcaf and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>Group chats: always inject group chat context (name, participants, reply guidance) into the system prompt on every turn, not just the first. Prevents the model from losing awareness of which group it's in and incorrectly using the message tool to send to the same group. (#14447) Thanks @tyler6204.</li>
-<li>Browser/Agents: when browser control service is unavailable, return explicit non-retry guidance (instead of "try again") so models do not loop on repeated browser tool calls until timeout. (#17673) Thanks @austenstone.</li>
-<li>Subagents: use child-run-based deterministic announce idempotency keys across direct and queued delivery paths (with legacy queued-item fallback) to prevent duplicate announce retries without collapsing distinct same-millisecond announces. (#17150) Thanks @widingmarcus-cyber.</li>
-<li>Subagents/Models: preserve <code>agents.defaults.model.fallbacks</code> when subagent sessions carry a model override, so subagent runs fail over to configured fallback models instead of retrying only the overridden primary model.</li>
-<li>Telegram: omit <code>message_thread_id</code> for DM sends/draft previews and keep forum-topic handling (<code>id=1</code> general omitted, non-general kept), preventing DM failures with <code>400 Bad Request: message thread not found</code>. (#10942) Thanks @garnetlyx.</li>
-<li>Telegram: replace inbound <code><media:audio></code> placeholder with successful preflight voice transcript in message body context, preventing placeholder-only prompt bodies for mention-gated voice messages. (#16789) Thanks @Limitless2023.</li>
-<li>Telegram: retry inbound media <code>getFile</code> calls (3 attempts with backoff) and gracefully fall back to placeholder-only processing when retries fail, preventing dropped voice/media messages on transient Telegram network errors. (#16154) Thanks @yinghaosang.</li>
-<li>Telegram: finalize streaming preview replies in place instead of sending a second final message, preventing duplicate Telegram assistant outputs at stream completion. (#17218) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
-<li>Discord: preserve channel session continuity when runtime payloads omit <code>message.channelId</code> by falling back to event/raw <code>channel_id</code> values for routing/session keys, so same-channel messages keep history across turns/restarts. Also align diagnostics so active Discord runs no longer appear as <code>sessionKey=unknown</code>. (#17622) Thanks @shakkernerd.</li>
-<li>Discord: dedupe native skill commands by skill name in multi-agent setups to prevent duplicated slash commands with <code>_2</code> suffixes. (#17365) Thanks @seewhyme.</li>
-<li>Discord: ensure role allowlist matching uses raw role IDs for message routing authorization. Thanks @xinhuagu.</li>
-<li>Web UI/Agents: hide <code>BOOTSTRAP.md</code> in the Agents Files list after onboarding is completed, avoiding confusing missing-file warnings for completed workspaces. (#17491) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Auto-reply/WhatsApp/TUI/Web: when a final assistant message is <code>NO_REPLY</code> and a messaging tool send succeeded, mirror the delivered messaging-tool text into session-visible assistant output so TUI/Web no longer show <code>NO_REPLY</code> placeholders. (#7010) Thanks @Morrowind-Xie.</li>
-<li>Cron: infer <code>payload.kind="agentTurn"</code> for model-only <code>cron.update</code> payload patches, so partial agent-turn updates do not fail validation when <code>kind</code> is omitted. (#15664) Thanks @rodrigouroz.</li>
-<li>TUI: make searchable-select filtering and highlight rendering ANSI-aware so queries ignore hidden escape codes and no longer corrupt ANSI styling sequences during match highlighting. (#4519) Thanks @bee4come.</li>
-<li>TUI/Windows: coalesce rapid single-line submit bursts in Git Bash into one multiline message as a fallback when bracketed paste is unavailable, preventing pasted multiline text from being split into multiple sends. (#4986) Thanks @adamkane.</li>
-<li>TUI: suppress false <code>(no output)</code> placeholders for non-local empty final events during concurrent runs, preventing external-channel replies from showing empty assistant bubbles while a local run is still streaming. (#5782) Thanks @LagWizard and @vignesh07.</li>
-<li>TUI: preserve copy-sensitive long tokens (URLs/paths/file-like identifiers) during wrapping and overflow sanitization so wrapped output no longer inserts spaces that corrupt copy/paste values. (#17515, #17466, #17505) Thanks @abe238, @trevorpan, and @JasonCry.</li>
-<li>CLI/Build: make legacy daemon CLI compatibility shim generation tolerant of minimal tsdown daemon export sets, while preserving restart/register compatibility aliases and surfacing explicit errors for unavailable legacy daemon commands. Thanks @vignesh07.</li>
+<li>Android/Nodes reliability: reject <code>facing=both</code> when <code>deviceId</code> is set to avoid mislabeled duplicate captures, allow notification <code>open</code>/<code>reply</code> on non-clearable entries while still gating dismiss, trigger listener rebind before notification actions, and scale invoke-result ack timeout to invoke budget for large clip payloads. (#28260) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Windows/Plugin install: avoid <code>spawn EINVAL</code> on Windows npm/npx invocations by resolving to <code>node</code> + npm CLI scripts instead of spawning <code>.cmd</code> directly. Landed from contributor PR #31147 by @codertony. Thanks @codertony.</li>
+<li>LINE/Voice transcription: classify M4A voice media as <code>audio/mp4</code> (not <code>video/mp4</code>) by checking the MPEG-4 <code>ftyp</code> major brand (<code>M4A </code> / <code>M4B </code>), restoring voice transcription for LINE voice messages. Landed from contributor PR #31151 by @scoootscooob. Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Slack/Announce target account routing: enable session-backed announce-target lookup for Slack so multi-account announces resolve the correct <code>accountId</code> instead of defaulting to bot-token context. Landed from contributor PR #31028 by @taw0002. Thanks @taw0002.</li>
+<li>Android/Voice screen TTS: stream assistant speech via ElevenLabs WebSocket in Talk Mode, stop cleanly on speaker mute/barge-in, and ignore stale out-of-order stream events. (#29521) Thanks @gregmousseau.</li>
+<li>Android/Photos permissions: declare Android 14+ selected-photo access permission (<code>READ_MEDIA_VISUAL_USER_SELECTED</code>) and align Android permission/settings paths with current minSdk behavior for more reliable permission state handling.</li>
+<li>Web UI/Cron: include configured agent model defaults/fallbacks in cron model suggestions so scheduled-job model autocomplete reflects configured models. (#29709) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Cron/Delivery: disable the agent messaging tool when <code>delivery.mode</code> is <code>"none"</code> so cron output is not sent to Telegram or other channels. (#21808) Thanks @lailoo.</li>
+<li>CLI/Cron: clarify <code>cron list</code> output by renaming <code>Agent</code> to <code>Agent ID</code> and adding a <code>Model</code> column for isolated agent-turn jobs. (#26259) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Reply media attachments: send Feishu reply <code>mediaUrl</code>/<code>mediaUrls</code> payloads as attachments alongside text/streamed replies in the reply dispatcher, including legacy fallback when <code>mediaUrls</code> is empty. (#28959) Thanks @icesword0760.</li>
+<li>Slack/User-token resolution: normalize Slack account user-token sourcing through resolved account metadata (<code>SLACK_USER_TOKEN</code> env + config) so monitor reads, Slack actions, directory lookups, onboarding allow-from resolution, and capabilities probing consistently use the effective user token. (#28103) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Outbound session routing: stop assuming bare <code>oc_</code> identifiers are always group chats, honor explicit <code>dm:</code>/<code>group:</code> prefixes for <code>oc_</code> chat IDs, and default ambiguous bare <code>oc_</code> targets to direct routing to avoid DM session misclassification. (#10407) Thanks @Bermudarat.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Group session routing: add configurable group session scopes (<code>group</code>, <code>group_sender</code>, <code>group_topic</code>, <code>group_topic_sender</code>) with legacy <code>topicSessionMode=enabled</code> compatibility so Feishu group conversations can isolate sessions by sender/topic as configured. (#17798) Thanks @yfge.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Reply-in-thread routing: add <code>replyInThread</code> config (<code>disabled|enabled</code>) for group replies, propagate <code>reply_in_thread</code> across text/card/media/streaming sends, and align topic-scoped session routing so newly created reply threads stay on the same session root. (#27325) Thanks @kcinzgg.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Probe status caching: cache successful <code>probeFeishu()</code> bot-info results for 10 minutes (bounded cache with per-account keying) to reduce repeated status/onboarding probe API calls, while bypassing cache for failures and exceptions. (#28907) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Opus media send type: send <code>.opus</code> attachments with <code>msg_type: "audio"</code> (instead of <code>"media"</code>) so Feishu voice messages deliver correctly while <code>.mp4</code> remains <code>msg_type: "media"</code> and documents remain <code>msg_type: "file"</code>. (#28269) Thanks @Glucksberg.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Mobile video media type: treat inbound <code>message_type: "media"</code> as video-equivalent for media key extraction, placeholder inference, and media download resolution so mobile-app video sends ingest correctly. (#25502) Thanks @4ier.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Inbound sender fallback: fall back to <code>sender_id.user_id</code> when <code>sender_id.open_id</code> is missing on inbound events, and use ID-type-aware sender lookup so mobile-delivered messages keep stable sender identity/routing. (#26703) Thanks @NewdlDewdl.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Reply context metadata: include inbound <code>parent_id</code> and <code>root_id</code> as <code>ReplyToId</code>/<code>RootMessageId</code> in inbound context, and parse interactive-card quote bodies into readable text when fetching replied messages. (#18529) Thanks @qiangu.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Post embedded media: extract <code>media</code> tags from inbound rich-text (<code>post</code>) messages and download embedded video/audio files alongside existing embedded-image handling, with regression coverage. (#21786) Thanks @laopuhuluwa.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Local media sends: propagate <code>mediaLocalRoots</code> through Feishu outbound media sending into <code>loadWebMedia</code> so local path attachments work with post-CVE local-root enforcement. (#27884) Thanks @joelnishanth.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Group wildcard policy fallback: honor <code>channels.feishu.groups["*"]</code> when no explicit group match exists so unmatched groups inherit wildcard reply-policy settings instead of falling back to global defaults. (#29456) Thanks @WaynePika.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Inbound media regression coverage: add explicit tests for message resource type mapping (<code>image</code> stays <code>image</code>, non-image maps to <code>file</code>) to prevent reintroducing unsupported Feishu <code>type=audio</code> fetches. (#16311, #8746) Thanks @Yaxuan42.</li>
+<li>TTS/Voice bubbles: use opus output and enable <code>audioAsVoice</code> routing for Feishu and WhatsApp (in addition to Telegram) so supported channels receive voice-bubble playback instead of file-style audio attachments. (#27366) Thanks @smthfoxy.</li>
+<li>Telegram/Reply media context: include replied media files in inbound context when replying to media, defer reply-media downloads to debounce flush, gate reply-media fetch behind DM authorization, and preserve replied media when non-vision sticker fallback runs (including cached-sticker paths). (#28488) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Android/Nodes notification wake flow: enable Android <code>system.notify</code> default allowlist, emit <code>notifications.changed</code> events for posted/removed notifications (excluding OpenClaw app-owned notifications), canonicalize notification session keys before enqueue/wake routing, and skip heartbeat wakes when consecutive notification summaries dedupe. (#29440) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Telegram/Voice fallback reply chunking: apply reply reference, quote text, and inline buttons only to the first fallback text chunk when voice delivery is blocked, preventing over-quoted multi-chunk replies. Landed from contributor PR #31067 by @xdanger. Thanks @xdanger.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Multi-account + reply reliability: add <code>channels.feishu.defaultAccount</code> outbound routing support with schema validation, keep quoted-message extraction text-first (post/interactive/file placeholders instead of raw JSON), route Feishu video sends as <code>msg_type: "file"</code>, and avoid websocket event blocking by using non-blocking event handling in monitor dispatch. Landed from contributor PRs #29610, #30432, #30331, and #29501. Thanks @hclsys, @bmendonca3, @patrick-yingxi-pan, and @zwffff.</li>
+<li>Cron/Delivery: disable the agent messaging tool when <code>delivery.mode</code> is <code>"none"</code> so cron output is not sent to Telegram or other channels. (#21808) Thanks @lailoo.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Inbound rich-text parsing: preserve <code>share_chat</code> payload summaries when available and add explicit parsing for rich-text <code>code</code>/<code>code_block</code>/<code>pre</code> tags so forwarded and code-heavy messages keep useful context in agent input. (#28591) Thanks @kevinWangSheng.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Post markdown parsing: parse rich-text <code>post</code> payloads through a shared markdown-aware parser with locale-wrapper support, preserved mention/image metadata extraction, and inline/fenced code fidelity for agent input rendering. (#12755) Thanks @WilsonLiu95.</li>
+<li>Telegram/Outbound chunking: route oversize splitting through the shared outbound pipeline (including subagents), retry Telegram sends when escaped HTML exceeds limits, and preserve boundary whitespace when retry re-splitting rendered chunks so plain-text/transcript fidelity is retained. (#29342, #27317; follow-up to #27461) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Slack/Native commands: register Slack native status as <code>/agentstatus</code> (Slack-reserved <code>/status</code>) so manifest slash command registration stays valid while text <code>/status</code> still works. Landed from contributor PR #29032 by @maloqab. Thanks @maloqab.</li>
+<li>Android/Camera clip: remove <code>camera.clip</code> HTTP-upload fallback to base64 so clip transport is deterministic and fail-loud, and reject non-positive <code>maxWidth</code> values so invalid inputs fall back to the safe resize default. (#28229) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Android/Gateway canvas capability refresh: send <code>node.canvas.capability.refresh</code> with object <code>params</code> (<code>{}</code>) from Android node runtime so gateway object-schema validation accepts refresh retries and A2UI host recovery works after scoped capability expiry. (#28413) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Control UI origins: honor <code>gateway.controlUi.allowedOrigins: ["*"]</code> wildcard entries (including trimmed values) and lock behavior with regression tests. Landed from contributor PR #31058 by @byungsker. Thanks @byungsker.</li>
+<li>Web UI/Cron: include configured agent model defaults/fallbacks in cron model suggestions so scheduled-job model autocomplete reflects configured models. (#29709) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Agents/Sessions list transcript paths: handle missing/non-string/relative <code>sessions.list.path</code> values and per-agent <code>{agentId}</code> templates when deriving <code>transcriptPath</code>, so cross-agent session listings resolve to concrete agent session files instead of workspace-relative paths. (#24775) Thanks @martinfrancois.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Control UI CSP: allow required Google Fonts origins in Control UI CSP. (#29279) Thanks @Glucksberg and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>CLI/Install: add an npm-link fallback to fix CLI startup <code>Permission denied</code> failures (<code>exit 127</code>) on affected installs. (#17151) Thanks @sskyu and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Onboarding/Custom providers: improve verification reliability for slower local endpoints (for example Ollama) during setup. (#27380) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Plugins/NPM spec install: fix npm-spec plugin installs when <code>npm pack</code> output is empty by detecting newly created <code>.tgz</code> archives in the pack directory. (#21039) Thanks @graysurf and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins/Install: clear stale install errors when an npm package is not found so follow-up install attempts report current state correctly. (#25073) Thanks @dalefrieswthat.</li>
+<li>Security/Feishu webhook ingress: bound unauthenticated webhook rate-limit state with stale-window pruning and a hard key cap to prevent unbounded pre-auth memory growth from rotating source keys. (#26050) Thanks @bmendonca3.</li>
+<li>Gateway/macOS supervised restart: actively <code>launchctl kickstart -k</code> during intentional supervised restarts to bypass LaunchAgent <code>ThrottleInterval</code> delays, and fall back to in-process restart when kickstart fails. Landed from contributor PR #29078 by @cathrynlavery. Thanks @cathrynlavery.</li>
+<li>Daemon/macOS TLS certs: default LaunchAgent service env <code>NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS</code> to <code>/etc/ssl/cert.pem</code> (while preserving explicit overrides) so HTTPS clients no longer fail with local-issuer errors under launchd. (#27915) Thanks @Lukavyi.</li>
+<li>Discord/Components wildcard handlers: use distinct internal registration sentinel IDs and parse those sentinels as wildcard keys so select/user/role/channel/mentionable/modal interactions are not dropped by raw customId dedupe paths. Landed from contributor PR #29459 by @Sid-Qin. Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Reaction notifications: add <code>channels.feishu.reactionNotifications</code> (<code>off | own | all</code>, default <code>own</code>) so operators can disable reaction ingress or allow all verified reaction events (not only bot-authored message reactions). (#28529) Thanks @cowboy129.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Typing backoff: re-throw Feishu typing add/remove rate-limit and quota errors (<code>429</code>, <code>99991400</code>, <code>99991403</code>) and detect SDK non-throwing backoff responses so the typing keepalive circuit breaker can stop retries instead of looping indefinitely. (#28494) Thanks @guoqunabc.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Zalo runtime logging: replace direct <code>console.log/error</code> usage in Feishu typing-indicator paths and Zalo monitor paths with runtime-gated logger calls so verbosity controls are respected while preserving typing backoff behavior. (#18841) Thanks @Clawborn.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Group sender allowlist fallback: add global <code>channels.feishu.groupSenderAllowFrom</code> sender authorization for group chats, with per-group <code>groups.<id>.allowFrom</code> precedence and regression coverage for allow/block/precedence behavior. (#29174) Thanks @1MoreBuild.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Docx append/write ordering: insert converted Docx blocks sequentially (single-block creates) so Feishu append/write preserves markdown block order instead of returning shuffled sections in asynchronous batch inserts. (#26172, #26022) Thanks @echoVic.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Docx convert fallback chunking: recursively split oversized markdown chunks (including long no-heading sections) when <code>document.convert</code> hits content limits, while keeping fenced-code-aware split boundaries whenever possible. (#14402) Thanks @lml2468.</li>
+<li>Feishu/API quota controls: add <code>typingIndicator</code> and <code>resolveSenderNames</code> config flags (top-level and per-account) so operators can disable typing reactions and sender-name lookup requests while keeping default behavior unchanged. (#10513) Thanks @BigUncle.</li>
+<li>Feishu/System preview prompt leakage: stop enqueuing inbound Feishu message previews as system events so user preview text is not injected into later turns as trusted <code>System:</code> context. Landed from contributor PR #31209 by @stakeswky. Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Typing replay suppression: skip typing indicators for stale replayed inbound messages after compaction using message-age checks with second/millisecond timestamp normalization, preventing old-message reaction floods while preserving typing for fresh messages. Landed from contributor PR #30709 by @arkyu2077. Thanks @arkyu2077.</li>
+<li>Sessions/Internal routing: preserve established external <code>lastTo</code>/<code>lastChannel</code> routes for internal/non-deliverable turns, with added coverage for no-fallback internal routing behavior. Landed from contributor PR #30941 by @graysurf. Thanks @graysurf.</li>
+<li>Control UI/Debug log layout: render Debug Event Log payloads at full width to prevent payload JSON from being squeezed into a narrow side column. Landed from contributor PR #30978 by @stozo04. Thanks @stozo04.</li>
+<li>Auto-reply/NO_REPLY: strip <code>NO_REPLY</code> token from mixed-content messages instead of leaking raw control text to end users. Landed from contributor PR #31080 by @scoootscooob. Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Install/npm: fix npm global install deprecation warnings. (#28318) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Update/Global npm: fallback to <code>--omit=optional</code> when global <code>npm update</code> fails so optional dependency install failures no longer abort update flows. (#24896) Thanks @xinhuagu and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Inbound metadata/Multi-account routing: include <code>account_id</code> in trusted inbound metadata so multi-account channel sessions can reliably disambiguate the receiving account in prompt context. Landed from contributor PR #30984 by @Stxle2. Thanks @Stxle2.</li>
+<li>Model directives/Auth profiles: split <code>/model</code> profile suffixes at the first <code>@</code> after the last slash so email-based auth profile IDs (for example OAuth profile IDs) resolve correctly. Landed from contributor PR #30932 by @haosenwang1018. Thanks @haosenwang1018.</li>
+<li>Cron/Delivery mode none: send explicit <code>delivery: { mode: "none" }</code> from cron editor for both add and update flows so previous announce delivery is actually cleared. Landed from contributor PR #31145 by @byungsker. Thanks @byungsker.</li>
+<li>Cron editor viewport: make the sticky cron edit form independently scrollable with viewport-bounded height so lower fields/actions are reachable on shorter screens. Landed from contributor PR #31133 by @Sid-Qin. Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Agents/Thinking fallback: when providers reject unsupported thinking levels without enumerating alternatives, retry with <code>think=off</code> to avoid hard failure during model/provider fallback chains. Landed from contributor PR #31002 by @yfge. Thanks @yfge.</li>
+<li>Ollama/Embedded runner base URL precedence: prioritize configured provider <code>baseUrl</code> over model defaults for embedded Ollama runs so Docker and remote-host setups avoid localhost fetch failures. (#30964) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Agents/Failover reason classification: avoid false rate-limit classification from incidental <code>tpm</code> substrings by matching TPM as a standalone token/phrase and keeping auth-context errors on the auth path. Landed from contributor PR #31007 by @HOYALIM. Thanks @HOYALIM.</li>
+<li>CLI/Cron: clarify <code>cron list</code> output by renaming <code>Agent</code> to <code>Agent ID</code> and adding a <code>Model</code> column for isolated agent-turn jobs. (#26259) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>Gateway/WS: close repeated post-handshake <code>unauthorized role:*</code> request floods per connection and sample duplicate rejection logs, preventing a single misbehaving client from degrading gateway responsiveness. (#20168) Thanks @acy103, @vibecodooor, and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Auth: improve device-auth v2 migration diagnostics so operators get clearer guidance when legacy clients connect. (#28305) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>CLI/Ollama config: allow <code>config set</code> for Ollama <code>apiKey</code> without predeclared provider config. (#29299) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Ollama/Autodiscovery: harden autodiscovery and warning behavior. (#29201) Thanks @marcodelpin and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Ollama/Context window: unify context window handling across discovery, merge, and OpenAI-compatible transport paths. (#29205) Thanks @Sid-Qin, @jimmielightner, and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/Ollama: demote empty-discovery logging from <code>warn</code> to <code>debug</code> to reduce noisy warnings in normal edge-case discovery flows. (#26379) Thanks @byungsker.</li>
+<li>fix(model): preserve reasoning in provider fallback resolution. (#29285) Fixes #25636. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Docker/Image permissions: normalize <code>/app/extensions</code>, <code>/app/.agent</code>, and <code>/app/.agents</code> to directory mode <code>755</code> and file mode <code>644</code> during image build so plugin discovery does not block inherited world-writable paths. (#30191) Fixes #30139. Thanks @edincampara.</li>
+<li>OpenAI Responses/Compaction: rewrite and unify the OpenAI Responses store patches to treat empty <code>baseUrl</code> as non-direct, honor <code>compat.supportsStore=false</code>, and auto-inject server-side compaction <code>context_management</code> for compatible direct OpenAI models (with per-model opt-out/threshold overrides). Landed from contributor PRs #16930 (@OiPunk), #22441 (@EdwardWu7), and #25088 (@MoerAI). Thanks @OiPunk, @EdwardWu7, and @MoerAI.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/Browser Docker: pass <code>OPENCLAW_BROWSER_NO_SANDBOX=1</code> to sandbox browser containers and bump sandbox browser security hash epoch so existing containers are recreated and pick up the env on upgrade. (#29879) Thanks @Lukavyi.</li>
+<li>Usage normalization: clamp negative prompt/input token values to zero (including <code>prompt_tokens</code> alias inputs) so <code>/usage</code> and TUI usage displays cannot show nonsensical negative counts. Landed from contributor PR #31211 by @scoootscooob. Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
+<li>Secrets/Auth profiles: normalize inline SecretRef <code>token</code>/<code>key</code> values to canonical <code>tokenRef</code>/<code>keyRef</code> before persistence, and keep explicit <code>keyRef</code> precedence when inline refs are also present. Landed from contributor PR #31047 by @minupla. Thanks @minupla.</li>
+<li>Tools/Edit workspace boundary errors: preserve the real <code>Path escapes workspace root</code> failure path instead of surfacing a misleading access/file-not-found error when editing outside workspace roots. Landed from contributor PR #31015 by @haosenwang1018. Thanks @haosenwang1018.</li>
+<li>Browser/Open & navigate: accept <code>url</code> as an alias parameter for <code>open</code> and <code>navigate</code>. (#29260) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Codex/Usage window: label weekly usage window as <code>Week</code> instead of <code>Day</code>. (#26267) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Signal/Sync message null-handling: treat <code>syncMessage</code> presence (including <code>null</code>) as sync envelope traffic so replayed sentTranscript payloads cannot bypass loop guards after daemon restart. Landed from contributor PR #31138 by @Sid-Qin. Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
+<li>Infra/fs-safe: sanitize directory-read failures so raw <code>EISDIR</code> text never leaks to messaging surfaces, with regression tests for both root-scoped and direct safe reads. Landed from contributor PR #31205 by @polooooo. Thanks @polooooo.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/mkdirp boundary checks: allow directory-safe boundary validation for existing in-boundary subdirectories, preventing false <code>cannot create directories</code> failures in sandbox write mode. (#30610) Thanks @glitch418x.</li>
+<li>Security/Compaction audit: remove the post-compaction audit injection message. (#28507) Thanks @fuller-stack-dev and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Web tools/RFC2544 fake-IP compatibility: allow RFC2544 benchmark range (<code>198.18.0.0/15</code>) for trusted web-tool fetch endpoints so proxy fake-IP networking modes do not trigger false SSRF blocks. Landed from contributor PR #31176 by @sunkinux. Thanks @sunkinux.</li>
+<li>Telegram/Voice fallback reply chunking: apply reply reference, quote text, and inline buttons only to the first fallback text chunk when voice delivery is blocked, preventing over-quoted multi-chunk replies. Landed from contributor PR #31067 by @xdanger. Thanks @xdanger.</li>
+<li>Feishu/System preview prompt leakage: stop enqueuing inbound Feishu message previews as system events so user preview text is not injected into later turns as trusted <code>System:</code> context. Landed from contributor PR #31209 by @stakeswky. Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Multi-account + reply reliability: add <code>channels.feishu.defaultAccount</code> outbound routing support with schema validation, keep quoted-message extraction text-first (post/interactive/file placeholders instead of raw JSON), route Feishu video sends as <code>msg_type: "file"</code>, and avoid websocket event blocking by using non-blocking event handling in monitor dispatch. Landed from contributor PRs #29610, #30432, #30331, and #29501. Thanks @hclsys, @bmendonca3, @patrick-yingxi-pan, and @zwffff.</li>
+<li>Feishu/Typing replay suppression: skip typing indicators for stale replayed inbound messages after compaction using message-age checks with second/millisecond timestamp normalization, preventing old-message reaction floods while preserving typing for fresh messages. Landed from contributor PR #30709 by @arkyu2077. Thanks @arkyu2077.</li>
 </ul>
 <p><a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md">View full changelog</a></p>
 ]]></description>
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-        </item>
-        <item>
-            <title>2026.2.26</title>
-            <pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2026 23:37:15 +0100</pubDate>
-            <link>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/appcast.xml</link>
-            <sparkle:version>15221</sparkle:version>
-            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.2.26</sparkle:shortVersionString>
-            <sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>15.0</sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>
-            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.2.26</h2>
-<h3>Changes</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>Highlight: External Secrets Management introduces a full <code>openclaw secrets</code> workflow (<code>audit</code>, <code>configure</code>, <code>apply</code>, <code>reload</code>) with runtime snapshot activation, strict <code>secrets apply</code> target-path validation, safer migration scrubbing, ref-only auth-profile support, and dedicated docs. (#26155) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>ACP/Thread-bound agents: make ACP agents first-class runtimes for thread sessions with <code>acp</code> spawn/send dispatch integration, acpx backend bridging, lifecycle controls, startup reconciliation, runtime cleanup, and coalesced thread replies. (#23580) thanks @osolmaz.</li>
-<li>Agents/Routing CLI: add <code>openclaw agents bindings</code>, <code>openclaw agents bind</code>, and <code>openclaw agents unbind</code> for account-scoped route management, including channel-only to account-scoped binding upgrades, role-aware binding identity handling, plugin-resolved binding account IDs, and optional account-binding prompts in <code>openclaw channels add</code>. (#27195) thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Codex/WebSocket transport: make <code>openai-codex</code> WebSocket-first by default (<code>transport: "auto"</code> with SSE fallback), keep explicit per-model/runtime transport overrides, and add regression coverage + docs for transport selection.</li>
-<li>Onboarding/Plugins: let channel plugins own interactive onboarding flows with optional <code>configureInteractive</code> and <code>configureWhenConfigured</code> hooks while preserving the generic fallback path. (#27191) thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Android/Nodes: add Android <code>device</code> capability plus <code>device.status</code> and <code>device.info</code> node commands, including runtime handler wiring and protocol/registry coverage for device status/info payloads. (#27664) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
-<li>Android/Nodes: add <code>notifications.list</code> support on Android nodes and expose <code>nodes notifications_list</code> in agent tooling for listing active device notifications. (#27344) thanks @obviyus.</li>
-<li>Docs/Contributing: add Nimrod Gutman to the maintainer roster in <code>CONTRIBUTING.md</code>. (#27840) Thanks @ngutman.</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Fixes</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>Telegram/DM allowlist runtime inheritance: enforce <code>dmPolicy: "allowlist"</code> <code>allowFrom</code> requirements using effective account-plus-parent config across account-capable channels (Telegram, Discord, Slack, Signal, iMessage, IRC, BlueBubbles, WhatsApp), and align <code>openclaw doctor</code> checks to the same inheritance logic so DM traffic is not silently dropped after upgrades. (#27936) Thanks @widingmarcus-cyber.</li>
-<li>Delivery queue/recovery backoff: prevent retry starvation by persisting <code>lastAttemptAt</code> on failed sends and deferring recovery retries until each entry's <code>lastAttemptAt + backoff</code> window is eligible, while continuing to recover ready entries behind deferred ones. Landed from contributor PR #27710 by @Jimmy-xuzimo. Thanks @Jimmy-xuzimo.</li>
-<li>Google Chat/Lifecycle: keep Google Chat <code>startAccount</code> pending until abort in webhook mode so startup is no longer interpreted as immediate exit, preventing auto-restart loops and webhook-target churn. (#27384) thanks @junsuwhy.</li>
-<li>Temp dirs/Linux umask: force <code>0700</code> permissions after temp-dir creation and self-heal existing writable temp dirs before trust checks so <code>umask 0002</code> installs no longer crash-loop on startup. Landed from contributor PR #27860 by @stakeswky. (#27853) Thanks @stakeswky.</li>
-<li>Nextcloud Talk/Lifecycle: keep <code>startAccount</code> pending until abort and stop the webhook monitor on shutdown, preventing <code>EADDRINUSE</code> restart loops when the gateway manages account lifecycle. (#27897)</li>
-<li>Microsoft Teams/File uploads: acknowledge <code>fileConsent/invoke</code> immediately (<code>invokeResponse</code> before upload + file card send) so Teams no longer shows false "Something went wrong" timeout banners while upload completion continues asynchronously; includes updated async regression coverage. Landed from contributor PR #27641 by @scz2011.</li>
-<li>Queue/Drain/Cron reliability: harden lane draining with guaranteed <code>draining</code> flag reset on synchronous pump failures, reject new queue enqueues during gateway restart drain windows (instead of silently killing accepted tasks), add <code>/stop</code> queued-backlog cutoff metadata with stale-message skipping (while avoiding cross-session native-stop cutoff bleed), and raise isolated cron <code>agentTurn</code> outer safety timeout to avoid false 10-minute timeout races against longer agent session timeouts. (#27407, #27332, #27427)</li>
-<li>Typing/Main reply pipeline: always mark dispatch idle in <code>agent-runner</code> finalization so typing cleanup runs even when dispatcher <code>onIdle</code> does not fire, preventing stuck typing indicators after run completion. (#27250) Thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
-<li>Typing/TTL safety net: add max-duration guardrails to shared typing callbacks so stuck lifecycle edges auto-stop typing indicators even when explicit idle/cleanup signals are missed. (#27428) Thanks @Crpdim.</li>
-<li>Typing/Cross-channel leakage: unify run-scoped typing suppression for cross-channel/internal-webchat routes, preserve current inbound origin as embedded run message channel context, harden shared typing keepalive with consecutive-failure circuit breaker edge-case handling, and enforce dispatcher completion/idle waits in extension dispatcher callsites (Feishu, Matrix, Mattermost, MSTeams) so typing indicators always clean up on success/error paths. Related: #27647, #27493, #27598. Supersedes/replaces draft PRs: #27640, #27593, #27540.</li>
-<li>Telegram/sendChatAction 401 handling: add bounded exponential backoff + temporary local typing suppression after repeated unauthorized failures to stop unbounded <code>sendChatAction</code> retry loops that can trigger Telegram abuse enforcement and bot deletion. (#27415) Thanks @widingmarcus-cyber.</li>
-<li>Telegram/Webhook startup: clarify webhook config guidance, allow <code>channels.telegram.webhookPort: 0</code> for ephemeral listener binding, and log both the local listener URL and Telegram-advertised webhook URL with the bound port. (#25732) thanks @huntharo.</li>
-<li>Browser/Chrome extension handshake: bind relay WS message handling before <code>onopen</code> and add non-blocking <code>connect.challenge</code> response handling for gateway-style handshake frames, avoiding stuck <code>…</code> badge states when challenge frames arrive immediately on connect. Landed from contributor PR #22571 by @pandego. (#22553)</li>
-<li>Browser/Extension relay init: dedupe concurrent same-port relay startup with shared in-flight initialization promises so callers await one startup lifecycle and receive consistent success/failure results. Landed from contributor PR #21277 by @HOYALIM. (Related #20688)</li>
-<li>Browser/Fill relay + CLI parity: accept <code>act.fill</code> fields without explicit <code>type</code> by defaulting missing/empty <code>type</code> to <code>text</code> in both browser relay route parsing and <code>openclaw browser fill</code> CLI field parsing, so relay calls no longer fail when the model omits field type metadata. Landed from contributor PR #27662 by @Uface11. (#27296) Thanks @Uface11.</li>
-<li>Feishu/Permission error dispatch: merge sender-name permission notices into the main inbound dispatch so one user message produces one agent turn/reply (instead of a duplicate permission-notice turn), with regression coverage. (#27381) thanks @byungsker.</li>
-<li>Agents/Canvas default node resolution: when multiple connected canvas-capable nodes exist and no single <code>mac-*</code> candidate is selected, default to the first connected candidate instead of failing with <code>node required</code> for implicit-node canvas tool calls. Landed from contributor PR #27444 by @carbaj03. Thanks @carbaj03.</li>
-<li>TUI/stream assembly: preserve streamed text across real tool-boundary drops without keeping stale streamed text when non-text blocks appear only in the final payload. Landed from contributor PR #27711 by @scz2011. (#27674)</li>
-<li>Hooks/Internal <code>message:sent</code>: forward <code>sessionKey</code> on outbound sends from agent delivery, cron isolated delivery, gateway receipt acks, heartbeat sends, session-maintenance warnings, and restart-sentinel recovery so internal <code>message:sent</code> hooks consistently dispatch with session context, including <code>openclaw agent --deliver</code> runs resumed via <code>--session-id</code> (without explicit <code>--session-key</code>). Landed from contributor PR #27584 by @qualiobra. Thanks @qualiobra.</li>
-<li>Pi image-token usage: stop re-injecting history image blocks each turn, process image references from the current prompt only, and prune already-answered user-image blocks in stored history to prevent runaway token growth. (#27602)</li>
-<li>BlueBubbles/SSRF: auto-allowlist the configured <code>serverUrl</code> hostname for attachment fetches so localhost/private-IP BlueBubbles setups are no longer false-blocked by default SSRF checks. Landed from contributor PR #27648 by @lailoo. (#27599) Thanks @taylorhou for reporting.</li>
-<li>Agents/Compaction + onboarding safety: prevent destructive double-compaction by stripping stale assistant usage around compaction boundaries, skipping post-compaction custom metadata writes in the same attempt, and cancelling safeguard compaction when there are no real conversation messages to summarize; harden workspace/bootstrap detection for memory-backed workspaces; and change <code>openclaw onboard --reset</code> default scope to <code>config+creds+sessions</code> (workspace deletion now requires <code>--reset-scope full</code>). (#26458, #27314) Thanks @jaden-clovervnd, @Sid-Qin, and @widingmarcus-cyber for fix direction in #26502, #26529, and #27492.</li>
-<li>NO_REPLY suppression: suppress <code>NO_REPLY</code> before Slack API send and in sub-agent announce completion flow so sentinel text no longer leaks into user channels. Landed from contributor PRs #27529 (by @Sid-Qin) and #27535 (rewritten minimal landing by maintainers). (#27387, #27531)</li>
-<li>Matrix/Group sender identity: preserve sender labels in Matrix group inbound prompt text (<code>BodyForAgent</code>) for both channel and threaded messages, and align group envelopes with shared inbound sender-prefix formatting so first-person requests resolve against the current sender. (#27401) thanks @koushikxd.</li>
-<li>Auto-reply/Streaming: suppress only exact <code>NO_REPLY</code> final replies while still filtering streaming partial sentinel fragments (<code>NO_</code>, <code>NO_RE</code>, <code>HEARTBEAT_...</code>) so substantive replies ending with <code>NO_REPLY</code> are delivered and partial silent tokens do not leak during streaming. (#19576) Thanks @aldoeliacim.</li>
-<li>Auto-reply/Inbound metadata: add a readable <code>timestamp</code> field to conversation info and ignore invalid/out-of-range timestamp values so prompt assembly never crashes on malformed timestamp inputs. (#17017) thanks @liuy.</li>
-<li>Typing/Run completion race: prevent post-run keepalive ticks from re-triggering typing callbacks by guarding <code>triggerTyping()</code> with <code>runComplete</code>, with regression coverage for no-restart behavior during run-complete/dispatch-idle boundaries. (#27413) Thanks @widingmarcus-cyber.</li>
-<li>Typing/Dispatch idle: force typing cleanup when <code>markDispatchIdle</code> never arrives after run completion, avoiding leaked typing keepalive loops in cron/announce edges. Landed from contributor PR #27541 by @Sid-Qin. (#27493)</li>
-<li>Telegram/Inline buttons: allow callback-query button handling in groups (including <code>/models</code> follow-up buttons) when group policy authorizes the sender, by removing the redundant callback allowlist gate that blocked open-policy groups. (#27343) Thanks @GodsBoy.</li>
-<li>Telegram/Streaming preview: when finalizing without an existing preview message, prime pending preview text with final answer before stop-flush so users do not briefly see stale 1-2 word fragments (for example <code>no</code> before <code>no problem</code>). (#27449) Thanks @emanuelst for the original fix direction in #19673.</li>
-<li>Browser/Extension relay CORS: handle <code>/json*</code> <code>OPTIONS</code> preflight before auth checks, allow Chrome extension origins, and return extension-origin CORS headers on relay HTTP responses so extension token validation no longer fails cross-origin. Landed from contributor PR #23962 by @miloudbelarebia. (#23842)</li>
-<li>Browser/Extension relay auth: allow <code>?token=</code> query-param auth on relay <code>/json*</code> endpoints (consistent with relay WebSocket auth) so curl/devtools-style <code>/json/version</code> and <code>/json/list</code> probes work without requiring custom headers. Landed from contributor PR #26015 by @Sid-Qin. (#25928)</li>
-<li>Browser/Extension relay shutdown: flush pending extension-request timers/rejections during relay <code>stop()</code> before socket/server teardown so in-flight extension waits do not survive shutdown windows. Landed from contributor PR #24142 by @kevinWangSheng.</li>
-<li>Browser/Extension relay reconnect resilience: keep CDP clients alive across brief MV3 extension disconnect windows, wait briefly for extension reconnect before failing in-flight CDP commands, and only tear down relay target/client state after reconnect grace expires. Landed from contributor PR #27617 by @davidemanuelDEV.</li>
-<li>Browser/Route decode hardening: guard malformed percent-encoding in relay target action routes and browser route-param decoding so crafted <code>%</code> paths return <code>400</code> instead of crashing/unhandled URI decode failures. Landed from contributor PR #11880 by @Yida-Dev.</li>
-<li>Feishu/Inbound message metadata: include inbound <code>message_id</code> in <code>BodyForAgent</code> on a dedicated metadata line so agents can reliably correlate and act on media/message operations that require message IDs, with regression coverage. (#27253) thanks @xss925175263.</li>
-<li>Feishu/Doc tools: route <code>feishu_doc</code> and <code>feishu_app_scopes</code> through the active agent account context (with explicit <code>accountId</code> override support) so multi-account agents no longer default to the first configured app, with regression coverage for context routing and explicit override behavior. (#27338) thanks @AaronL725.</li>
-<li>LINE/Inline directives auth: gate directive parsing (<code>/model</code>, <code>/think</code>, <code>/verbose</code>, <code>/reasoning</code>, <code>/queue</code>) on resolved authorization (<code>command.isAuthorizedSender</code>) so <code>commands.allowFrom</code>-authorized LINE senders are not silently stripped when raw <code>CommandAuthorized</code> is unset. Landed from contributor PR #27248 by @kevinWangSheng. (#27240)</li>
-<li>Onboarding/Gateway: seed default Control UI <code>allowedOrigins</code> for non-loopback binds during onboarding (<code>localhost</code>/<code>127.0.0.1</code> plus custom bind host) so fresh non-loopback setups do not fail startup due to missing origin policy. (#26157) thanks @stakeswky.</li>
-<li>Docker/GCP onboarding: reduce first-build OOM risk by capping Node heap during <code>pnpm install</code>, reuse existing gateway token during <code>docker-setup.sh</code> reruns so <code>.env</code> stays aligned with config, auto-bootstrap Control UI allowed origins for non-loopback Docker binds, and add GCP docs guidance for tokenized dashboard links + pairing recovery commands. (#26253) Thanks @pandego.</li>
-<li>CLI/Gateway <code>--force</code> in non-root Docker: recover from <code>lsof</code> permission failures (<code>EACCES</code>/<code>EPERM</code>) by falling back to <code>fuser</code> kill + probe-based port checks, so <code>openclaw gateway --force</code> works for default container <code>node</code> user flows. (#27941)</li>
-<li>Gateway/Bind visibility: emit a startup warning when binding to non-loopback addresses so operators get explicit exposure guidance in runtime logs. (#25397) thanks @let5sne.</li>
-<li>Sessions cleanup/Doctor: add <code>openclaw sessions cleanup --fix-missing</code> to prune store entries whose transcript files are missing, including doctor guidance and CLI coverage. Landed from contributor PR #27508 by @Sid-Qin. (#27422)</li>
-<li>Doctor/State integrity: ignore metadata-only slash routing sessions when checking recent missing transcripts so <code>openclaw doctor</code> no longer reports false-positive transcript-missing warnings for <code>*:slash:*</code> keys. (#27375) thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>CLI/Gateway status: force local <code>gateway status</code> probe host to <code>127.0.0.1</code> for <code>bind=lan</code> so co-located probes do not trip non-loopback plaintext WebSocket checks. (#26997) thanks @chikko80.</li>
-<li>CLI/Gateway auth: align <code>gateway run --auth</code> parsing/help text with supported gateway auth modes by accepting <code>none</code> and <code>trusted-proxy</code> (in addition to <code>token</code>/<code>password</code>) for CLI overrides. (#27469) thanks @s1korrrr.</li>
-<li>CLI/Daemon status TLS probe: use <code>wss://</code> and forward local TLS certificate fingerprint for TLS-enabled gateway daemon probes so <code>openclaw daemon status</code> works with <code>gateway.bind=lan</code> + <code>gateway.tls.enabled=true</code>. (#24234) thanks @liuy.</li>
-<li>Podman/Default bind: change <code>run-openclaw-podman.sh</code> default gateway bind from <code>lan</code> to <code>loopback</code> and document explicit LAN opt-in with Control UI origin configuration. (#27491) thanks @robbyczgw-cla.</li>
-<li>Daemon/macOS launchd: forward proxy env vars into supervised service environments, keep LaunchAgent <code>KeepAlive=true</code> semantics, and harden restart sequencing to <code>print -> bootout -> wait old pid exit -> bootstrap -> kickstart</code>. (#27276) thanks @frankekn.</li>
-<li>Gateway/macOS restart-loop hardening: detect OpenClaw-managed supervisor markers during SIGUSR1 restart handoff, clean stale gateway PIDs before <code>/restart</code> launchctl/systemctl triggers, and set LaunchAgent <code>ThrottleInterval=60</code> to bound launchd retry storms during lock-release races. Landed from contributor PRs #27655 (@taw0002), #27448 (@Sid-Qin), and #27650 (@kevinWangSheng). (#27605, #27590, #26904, #26736)</li>
-<li>Models/MiniMax auth header defaults: set <code>authHeader: true</code> for both onboarding-generated MiniMax API providers and implicit built-in MiniMax (<code>minimax</code>, <code>minimax-portal</code>) provider templates so first requests no longer fail with MiniMax <code>401 authentication_error</code> due to missing <code>Authorization</code> header. Landed from contributor PRs #27622 by @riccoyuanft and #27631 by @kevinWangSheng. (#27600, #15303)</li>
-<li>Auth/Auth profiles: normalize <code>auth-profiles.json</code> alias fields (<code>mode -> type</code>, <code>apiKey -> key</code>) before credential validation so entries copied from <code>openclaw.json</code> auth examples are no longer silently dropped. (#26950) thanks @byungsker.</li>
-<li>Models/Profile suffix parsing: centralize trailing <code>@profile</code> parsing and only treat <code>@</code> as a profile separator when it appears after the final <code>/</code>, preserving model IDs like <code>openai/@cf/...</code> and <code>openrouter/@preset/...</code> across <code>/model</code> directive parsing and allowlist model resolution, with regression coverage.</li>
-<li>Models/OpenAI Codex config schema parity: accept <code>openai-codex-responses</code> in the config model API schema and TypeScript <code>ModelApi</code> union, with regression coverage for config validation. Landed from contributor PR #27501 by @AytuncYildizli. Thanks @AytuncYildizli.</li>
-<li>Agents/Models config: preserve agent-level provider <code>apiKey</code> and <code>baseUrl</code> during merge-mode <code>models.json</code> updates when agent values are present. (#27293) thanks @Sid-Qin.</li>
-<li>Azure OpenAI Responses: force <code>store=true</code> for <code>azure-openai-responses</code> direct responses API calls to avoid multi-turn 400 failures. Landed from contributor PR #27499 by @polarbear-Yang. (#27497)</li>
-<li>Security/Node exec approvals: require structured <code>commandArgv</code> approvals for <code>host=node</code>, enforce versioned <code>systemRunBindingV1</code> matching for argv/cwd/session/agent/env context with fail-closed behavior on missing/mismatched bindings, and add <code>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</code> to blocked host env keys. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Plugin channel HTTP auth: normalize protected <code>/api/channels</code> path checks against canonicalized request paths (case + percent-decoding + slash normalization), resolve encoded dot-segment traversal variants, and fail closed on malformed <code>%</code>-encoded channel prefixes so alternate-path variants cannot bypass gateway auth. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @zpbrent for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Gateway node pairing: pin paired-device <code>platform</code>/<code>deviceFamily</code> metadata across reconnects and bind those fields into device-auth signatures, so reconnect metadata spoofing cannot expand node command allowlists without explicit repair pairing. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @76embiid21 for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Sandbox path alias guard: reject broken symlink targets by resolving through existing ancestors and failing closed on out-of-root targets, preventing workspace-only <code>apply_patch</code> writes from escaping sandbox/workspace boundaries via dangling symlinks. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Workspace FS boundary aliases: harden canonical boundary resolution for non-existent-leaf symlink aliases while preserving valid in-root aliases, preventing first-write workspace escapes via out-of-root symlink targets. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Config includes: harden <code>$include</code> file loading with verified-open reads, reject hardlinked include aliases, and enforce include file-size guardrails so config include resolution remains bounded to trusted in-root files. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @zpbrent for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Node exec approvals hardening: freeze immutable approval-time execution plans (<code>argv</code>/<code>cwd</code>/<code>agentId</code>/<code>sessionKey</code>) via <code>system.run.prepare</code>, enforce those canonical plan values during approval forwarding/execution, and reject mutable parent-symlink cwd paths during approval-plan building to prevent approval bypass via symlink rebind. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Microsoft Teams media fetch: route Graph message/hosted-content/attachment fetches and auth-scope fallback attachment downloads through shared SSRF-guarded fetch paths, and centralize hostname-suffix allowlist policy helpers in the plugin SDK to remove channel/plugin drift. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Voice Call (Twilio): bind webhook replay + manager dedupe identity to authenticated request material, remove unsigned <code>i-twilio-idempotency-token</code> trust from replay/dedupe keys, and thread verified request identity through provider parse flow to harden cross-provider event dedupe. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting.</li>
-<li>Security/Exec approvals forwarding: prefer turn-source channel/account/thread metadata when resolving approval delivery targets so stale session routes do not misroute approval prompts.</li>
-<li>Security/Pairing multi-account isolation: enforce account-scoped pairing allowlists and pending-request storage across core + extension message channels while preserving channel-scoped defaults for the default account. This ships in the next npm release (<code>2026.2.26</code>). Thanks @tdjackey for reporting and @gumadeiras for implementation.</li>
-<li>Config/Plugins entries: treat unknown <code>plugins.entries.*</code> ids as startup warnings (ignored stale keys) instead of hard validation failures that can crash-loop gateway boot. Landed from contributor PR #27506 by @Sid-Qin. (#27455)</li>
-<li>Telegram native commands: degrade command registration on <code>BOT_COMMANDS_TOO_MUCH</code> by retrying with fewer commands instead of crash-looping startup sync. Landed from contributor PR #27512 by @Sid-Qin. (#27456)</li>
-<li>Web tools/Proxy: route <code>web_search</code> provider HTTP calls (Brave, Perplexity, xAI, Gemini, Kimi), redirect resolution, and <code>web_fetch</code> through a shared proxy-aware SSRF guard path so gateway installs behind <code>HTTP_PROXY</code>/<code>HTTPS_PROXY</code>/<code>ALL_PROXY</code> no longer fail with transport <code>fetch failed</code> errors. (#27430) thanks @kevinWangSheng.</li>
-<li>Android/Node invoke: remove native gateway WebSocket <code>Origin</code> header to avoid false origin rejections, unify invoke command registry/policy/error parsing paths, and keep command availability checks centralized to reduce dispatcher/advertisement drift. (#27257) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
-<li>Gateway shared-auth scopes: preserve requested operator scopes for shared-token clients when device identity is unavailable, instead of clearing scopes during auth handling. Landed from contributor PR #27498 by @kevinWangSheng. (#27494)</li>
-<li>Cron/Hooks isolated routing: preserve canonical <code>agent:*</code> session keys in isolated runs so already-qualified keys are not double-prefixed (for example <code>agent:main:main</code> no longer becomes <code>agent:main:agent:main:main</code>). Landed from contributor PR #27333 by @MaheshBhushan. (#27289, #27282)</li>
-<li>Channels/Multi-account config: when adding a non-default channel account to a single-account top-level channel setup, move existing account-scoped top-level single-account values into <code>channels.<channel>.accounts.default</code> before writing the new account so the original account keeps working without duplicated account values at channel root; <code>openclaw doctor --fix</code> now repairs previously mixed channel account shapes the same way. (#27334) thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>iOS/Talk mode: stop injecting the voice directive hint into iOS Talk prompts and remove the Voice Directive Hint setting, reducing model bias toward tool-style TTS directives and keeping relay responses text-first by default. (#27543) thanks @ngutman.</li>
-<li>CI/Windows: shard the Windows <code>checks-windows</code> test lane into two matrix jobs and honor explicit shard index overrides in <code>scripts/test-parallel.mjs</code> to reduce CI critical-path wall time. (#27234) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-</ul>
-<p><a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md">View full changelog</a></p>
-]]></description>
-            <enclosure url="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/download/v2026.2.26/OpenClaw-2026.2.26.zip" length="12796628" type="application/octet-stream" sparkle:edSignature="qqVJfkQS9Q4LCTlGtOyXzORWZWWnOkWyiJ6DVX27oPF8aeUlUyfHrmb51sFiNjSuCJC2xmJW1Mi1CAHl/I1pCw=="/>
+            <enclosure url="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/download/v2026.3.1/OpenClaw-2026.3.1.zip" length="12804155" type="application/octet-stream" sparkle:edSignature="TF1otD4Vk3pG0iViX7mvix5DQEgAsk4JkSFvH7opjf9aawV16f29SUa2wRmiCFU6HEgyNgnGI/078O+A27eXCA=="/>
         </item>
     </channel>
-</rss>
+</rss>

apps/android/README.md

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ Status: **extremely alpha**. The app is actively being rebuilt from the ground u
 - [x] Encrypted persistence for gateway setup/auth state
 - [x] Chat UI restyled
 - [x] Settings UI restyled and de-duplicated (gateway controls moved to Connect)
-- [ ] QR code scanning in onboarding
-- [ ] Performance improvements
-- [ ] Streaming support in chat UI
-- [ ] Request camera/location and other permissions in onboarding/settings flow
-- [ ] Push notifications for gateway/chat status updates
-- [ ] Security hardening (biometric lock, token handling, safer defaults)
-- [ ] Voice tab full functionality
-- [ ] Screen tab full functionality
+- [x] QR code scanning in onboarding
+- [x] Performance improvements
+- [x] Streaming support in chat UI
+- [x] Request camera/location and other permissions in onboarding/settings flow
+- [x] Push notifications for gateway/chat status updates
+- [x] Security hardening (biometric lock, token handling, safer defaults)
+- [x] Voice tab full functionality
+- [x] Screen tab full functionality
 - [ ] Full end-to-end QA and release hardening
 
 ## Open in Android Studio
@@ -32,6 +32,28 @@ cd apps/android
 ./gradlew :app:testDebugUnitTest
 ```
 
+## Kotlin Lint + Format
+
+```bash
+pnpm android:lint
+pnpm android:format
+```
+
+Android framework/resource lint (separate pass):
+
+```bash
+pnpm android:lint:android
+```
+
+Direct Gradle tasks:
+
+```bash
+cd apps/android
+./gradlew :app:ktlintCheck :benchmark:ktlintCheck
+./gradlew :app:ktlintFormat :benchmark:ktlintFormat
+./gradlew :app:lintDebug
+```
+
 `gradlew` auto-detects the Android SDK at `~/Library/Android/sdk` (macOS default) if `ANDROID_SDK_ROOT` / `ANDROID_HOME` are unset.
 
 ## Macrobenchmark (Startup + Frame Timing)
@@ -134,8 +156,8 @@ pnpm openclaw gateway --port 18789 --verbose
 3) Approve pairing (on the gateway machine):
 
 ```bash
-openclaw nodes pending
-openclaw nodes approve <requestId>
+openclaw devices list
+openclaw devices approve <requestId>
 ```
 
 More details: `docs/platforms/android.md`.

apps/android/app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,156 +1,168 @@
 import com.android.build.api.variant.impl.VariantOutputImpl
 
 plugins {
-  id("com.android.application")
-  id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.compose")
-  id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization")
+    id("com.android.application")
+    id("org.jlleitschuh.gradle.ktlint")
+    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.compose")
+    id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization")
 }
 
 android {
-  namespace = "ai.openclaw.android"
-  compileSdk = 36
+    namespace = "ai.openclaw.android"
+    compileSdk = 36
 
-  sourceSets {
-    getByName("main") {
-      assets.directories.add("../../shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/Resources")
+    sourceSets {
+        getByName("main") {
+            assets.directories.add("../../shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/Resources")
+        }
     }
-  }
 
-  defaultConfig {
-    applicationId = "ai.openclaw.android"
-    minSdk = 31
-    targetSdk = 36
-    versionCode = 202602270
-    versionName = "2026.2.27"
-    ndk {
-      // Support all major ABIs — native libs are tiny (~47 KB per ABI)
-      abiFilters += listOf("armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64")
+    defaultConfig {
+        applicationId = "ai.openclaw.android"
+        minSdk = 31
+        targetSdk = 36
+        versionCode = 202603010
+        versionName = "2026.3.2"
+        ndk {
+            // Support all major ABIs — native libs are tiny (~47 KB per ABI)
+            abiFilters += listOf("armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64")
+        }
     }
-  }
 
-  buildTypes {
-    release {
-      isMinifyEnabled = true
-      isShrinkResources = true
-      proguardFiles(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro")
+    buildTypes {
+        release {
+            isMinifyEnabled = true
+            isShrinkResources = true
+            proguardFiles(getDefaultProguardFile("proguard-android-optimize.txt"), "proguard-rules.pro")
+        }
+        debug {
+            isMinifyEnabled = false
+        }
     }
-    debug {
-      isMinifyEnabled = false
+
+    buildFeatures {
+        compose = true
+        buildConfig = true
     }
-  }
 
-  buildFeatures {
-    compose = true
-    buildConfig = true
-  }
-
-  compileOptions {
-    sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
-    targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
-  }
-
-  packaging {
-    resources {
-      excludes += setOf(
-        "/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}",
-        "/META-INF/*.version",
-        "/META-INF/LICENSE*.txt",
-        "DebugProbesKt.bin",
-        "kotlin-tooling-metadata.json",
-      )
+    compileOptions {
+        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
     }
-  }
 
-  lint {
-    disable += setOf(
-      "GradleDependency",
-      "IconLauncherShape",
-      "NewerVersionAvailable",
-    )
-    warningsAsErrors = true
-  }
+    packaging {
+        resources {
+            excludes +=
+                setOf(
+                    "/META-INF/{AL2.0,LGPL2.1}",
+                    "/META-INF/*.version",
+                    "/META-INF/LICENSE*.txt",
+                    "DebugProbesKt.bin",
+                    "kotlin-tooling-metadata.json",
+                )
+        }
+    }
 
-  testOptions {
-    unitTests.isIncludeAndroidResources = true
-  }
+    lint {
+        disable +=
+            setOf(
+                "AndroidGradlePluginVersion",
+                "GradleDependency",
+                "IconLauncherShape",
+                "NewerVersionAvailable",
+            )
+        warningsAsErrors = true
+    }
+
+    testOptions {
+        unitTests.isIncludeAndroidResources = true
+    }
 }
 
 androidComponents {
-  onVariants { variant ->
-    variant.outputs
-      .filterIsInstance<VariantOutputImpl>()
-      .forEach { output ->
-        val versionName = output.versionName.orNull ?: "0"
-        val buildType = variant.buildType
+    onVariants { variant ->
+        variant.outputs
+            .filterIsInstance<VariantOutputImpl>()
+            .forEach { output ->
+                val versionName = output.versionName.orNull ?: "0"
+                val buildType = variant.buildType
 
-        val outputFileName = "openclaw-${versionName}-${buildType}.apk"
-        output.outputFileName = outputFileName
-      }
-  }
+                val outputFileName = "openclaw-$versionName-$buildType.apk"
+                output.outputFileName = outputFileName
+            }
+    }
 }
 kotlin {
-  compilerOptions {
-    jvmTarget.set(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget.JVM_17)
-    allWarningsAsErrors.set(true)
-  }
+    compilerOptions {
+        jvmTarget.set(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget.JVM_17)
+        allWarningsAsErrors.set(true)
+    }
+}
+
+ktlint {
+    android.set(true)
+    ignoreFailures.set(false)
+    filter {
+        exclude("**/build/**")
+    }
 }
 
 dependencies {
-  val composeBom = platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2026.02.00")
-  implementation(composeBom)
-  androidTestImplementation(composeBom)
+    val composeBom = platform("androidx.compose:compose-bom:2026.02.00")
+    implementation(composeBom)
+    androidTestImplementation(composeBom)
 
-  implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.17.0")
-  implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.10.0")
-  implementation("androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.12.2")
-  implementation("androidx.webkit:webkit:1.15.0")
+    implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.17.0")
+    implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.10.0")
+    implementation("androidx.activity:activity-compose:1.12.2")
+    implementation("androidx.webkit:webkit:1.15.0")
 
-  implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui")
-  implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview")
-  implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3")
-  // material-icons-extended pulled in full icon set (~20 MB DEX). Only ~18 icons used.
-  // R8 will tree-shake unused icons when minify is enabled on release builds.
-  implementation("androidx.compose.material:material-icons-extended")
-  implementation("androidx.navigation:navigation-compose:2.9.7")
+    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui")
+    implementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling-preview")
+    implementation("androidx.compose.material3:material3")
+    // material-icons-extended pulled in full icon set (~20 MB DEX). Only ~18 icons used.
+    // R8 will tree-shake unused icons when minify is enabled on release builds.
+    implementation("androidx.compose.material:material-icons-extended")
+    implementation("androidx.navigation:navigation-compose:2.9.7")
 
-  debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling")
+    debugImplementation("androidx.compose.ui:ui-tooling")
 
-  // Material Components (XML theme + resources)
-  implementation("com.google.android.material:material:1.13.0")
+    // Material Components (XML theme + resources)
+    implementation("com.google.android.material:material:1.13.0")
 
-  implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.10.2")
-  implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json:1.10.0")
+    implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.10.2")
+    implementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-serialization-json:1.10.0")
 
-  implementation("androidx.security:security-crypto:1.1.0")
-  implementation("androidx.exifinterface:exifinterface:1.4.2")
-  implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:5.3.2")
-  implementation("org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk18on:1.83")
-  implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark:0.27.1")
-  implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-autolink:0.27.1")
-  implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-gfm-strikethrough:0.27.1")
-  implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-gfm-tables:0.27.1")
-  implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-task-list-items:0.27.1")
+    implementation("androidx.security:security-crypto:1.1.0")
+    implementation("androidx.exifinterface:exifinterface:1.4.2")
+    implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:5.3.2")
+    implementation("org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk18on:1.83")
+    implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark:0.27.1")
+    implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-autolink:0.27.1")
+    implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-gfm-strikethrough:0.27.1")
+    implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-gfm-tables:0.27.1")
+    implementation("org.commonmark:commonmark-ext-task-list-items:0.27.1")
 
-  // CameraX (for node.invoke camera.* parity)
-  implementation("androidx.camera:camera-core:1.5.2")
-  implementation("androidx.camera:camera-camera2:1.5.2")
-  implementation("androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:1.5.2")
-  implementation("androidx.camera:camera-video:1.5.2")
-  implementation("androidx.camera:camera-view:1.5.2")
-  implementation("com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:4.3.0")
+    // CameraX (for node.invoke camera.* parity)
+    implementation("androidx.camera:camera-core:1.5.2")
+    implementation("androidx.camera:camera-camera2:1.5.2")
+    implementation("androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:1.5.2")
+    implementation("androidx.camera:camera-video:1.5.2")
+    implementation("androidx.camera:camera-view:1.5.2")
+    implementation("com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:4.3.0")
 
-  // Unicast DNS-SD (Wide-Area Bonjour) for tailnet discovery domains.
-  implementation("dnsjava:dnsjava:3.6.4")
+    // Unicast DNS-SD (Wide-Area Bonjour) for tailnet discovery domains.
+    implementation("dnsjava:dnsjava:3.6.4")
 
-  testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
-  testImplementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-test:1.10.2")
-  testImplementation("io.kotest:kotest-runner-junit5-jvm:6.1.3")
-  testImplementation("io.kotest:kotest-assertions-core-jvm:6.1.3")
-  testImplementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:5.3.2")
-  testImplementation("org.robolectric:robolectric:4.16.1")
-  testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.vintage:junit-vintage-engine:6.0.2")
+    testImplementation("junit:junit:4.13.2")
+    testImplementation("org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-test:1.10.2")
+    testImplementation("io.kotest:kotest-runner-junit5-jvm:6.1.3")
+    testImplementation("io.kotest:kotest-assertions-core-jvm:6.1.3")
+    testImplementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:mockwebserver:5.3.2")
+    testImplementation("org.robolectric:robolectric:4.16.1")
+    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.vintage:junit-vintage-engine:6.0.2")
 }
 
 tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
-  useJUnitPlatform()
+    useJUnitPlatform()
 }

apps/android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -15,6 +15,16 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VISUAL_USER_SELECTED" />
+    <uses-permission
+        android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
+        android:maxSdkVersion="32" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR" />
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" />
     <uses-feature
         android:name="android.hardware.camera"

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/MainViewModel.kt

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ class MainViewModel(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
   val locationPreciseEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.locationPreciseEnabled
   val preventSleep: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.preventSleep
   val micEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.micEnabled
+  val micCooldown: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.micCooldown
   val micStatusText: StateFlow<String> = runtime.micStatusText
   val micLiveTranscript: StateFlow<String?> = runtime.micLiveTranscript
   val micIsListening: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.micIsListening
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ class MainViewModel(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
   val micConversation: StateFlow<List<VoiceConversationEntry>> = runtime.micConversation
   val micInputLevel: StateFlow<Float> = runtime.micInputLevel
   val micIsSending: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.micIsSending
+  val speakerEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.speakerEnabled
   val manualEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = runtime.manualEnabled
   val manualHost: StateFlow<String> = runtime.manualHost
   val manualPort: StateFlow<Int> = runtime.manualPort
@@ -129,10 +131,18 @@ class MainViewModel(app: Application) : AndroidViewModel(app) {
     runtime.setCanvasDebugStatusEnabled(value)
   }
 
+  fun setVoiceScreenActive(active: Boolean) {
+    runtime.setVoiceScreenActive(active)
+  }
+
   fun setMicEnabled(enabled: Boolean) {
     runtime.setMicEnabled(enabled)
   }
 
+  fun setSpeakerEnabled(enabled: Boolean) {
+    runtime.setSpeakerEnabled(enabled)
+  }
+
   fun refreshGatewayConnection() {
     runtime.refreshGatewayConnection()
   }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/NodeRuntime.kt

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.probeGatewayTlsFingerprint
 import ai.openclaw.android.node.*
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCanvasA2UIAction
 import ai.openclaw.android.voice.MicCaptureManager
+import ai.openclaw.android.voice.TalkModeManager
 import ai.openclaw.android.voice.VoiceConversationEntry
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
@@ -98,6 +99,26 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
     appContext = appContext,
   )
 
+  private val systemHandler: SystemHandler = SystemHandler(
+    appContext = appContext,
+  )
+
+  private val photosHandler: PhotosHandler = PhotosHandler(
+    appContext = appContext,
+  )
+
+  private val contactsHandler: ContactsHandler = ContactsHandler(
+    appContext = appContext,
+  )
+
+  private val calendarHandler: CalendarHandler = CalendarHandler(
+    appContext = appContext,
+  )
+
+  private val motionHandler: MotionHandler = MotionHandler(
+    appContext = appContext,
+  )
+
   private val screenHandler: ScreenHandler = ScreenHandler(
     screenRecorder = screenRecorder,
     setScreenRecordActive = { _screenRecordActive.value = it },
@@ -120,6 +141,8 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
     cameraEnabled = { cameraEnabled.value },
     locationMode = { locationMode.value },
     voiceWakeMode = { VoiceWakeMode.Off },
+    motionActivityAvailable = { motionHandler.isActivityAvailable() },
+    motionPedometerAvailable = { motionHandler.isPedometerAvailable() },
     smsAvailable = { sms.canSendSms() },
     hasRecordAudioPermission = { hasRecordAudioPermission() },
     manualTls = { manualTls.value },
@@ -131,6 +154,11 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
     locationHandler = locationHandler,
     deviceHandler = deviceHandler,
     notificationsHandler = notificationsHandler,
+    systemHandler = systemHandler,
+    photosHandler = photosHandler,
+    contactsHandler = contactsHandler,
+    calendarHandler = calendarHandler,
+    motionHandler = motionHandler,
     screenHandler = screenHandler,
     smsHandler = smsHandlerImpl,
     a2uiHandler = a2uiHandler,
@@ -148,6 +176,8 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
       _canvasRehydrateErrorText.value = null
     },
     onCanvasA2uiReset = { _canvasA2uiHydrated.value = false },
+    motionActivityAvailable = { motionHandler.isActivityAvailable() },
+    motionPedometerAvailable = { motionHandler.isPedometerAvailable() },
   )
 
   data class GatewayTrustPrompt(
@@ -219,7 +249,12 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
         applyMainSessionKey(mainSessionKey)
         updateStatus()
         micCapture.onGatewayConnectionChanged(true)
-        scope.launch { refreshBrandingFromGateway() }
+        scope.launch {
+          refreshBrandingFromGateway()
+          if (voiceReplySpeakerLazy.isInitialized()) {
+            voiceReplySpeaker.refreshConfig()
+          }
+        }
       },
       onDisconnected = { message ->
         operatorConnected = false
@@ -274,6 +309,14 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
       },
     )
 
+  init {
+    DeviceNotificationListenerService.setNodeEventSink { event, payloadJson ->
+      scope.launch {
+        nodeSession.sendNodeEvent(event = event, payloadJson = payloadJson)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   private val chat: ChatController =
     ChatController(
       scope = scope,
@@ -281,12 +324,31 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
       json = json,
       supportsChatSubscribe = false,
     )
+  private val voiceReplySpeakerLazy: Lazy<TalkModeManager> = lazy {
+    // Reuse the existing TalkMode speech engine (ElevenLabs + deterministic system-TTS fallback)
+    // without enabling the legacy talk capture loop.
+    TalkModeManager(
+      context = appContext,
+      scope = scope,
+      session = operatorSession,
+      supportsChatSubscribe = false,
+      isConnected = { operatorConnected },
+    ).also { speaker ->
+      speaker.setPlaybackEnabled(prefs.speakerEnabled.value)
+    }
+  }
+  private val voiceReplySpeaker: TalkModeManager
+    get() = voiceReplySpeakerLazy.value
+
   private val micCapture: MicCaptureManager by lazy {
     MicCaptureManager(
       context = appContext,
       scope = scope,
-      sendToGateway = { message ->
+      sendToGateway = { message, onRunIdKnown ->
         val idempotencyKey = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
+        // Notify MicCaptureManager of the idempotency key *before* the network
+        // call so pendingRunId is set before any chat events can arrive.
+        onRunIdKnown(idempotencyKey)
         val params =
           buildJsonObject {
             put("sessionKey", JsonPrimitive(resolveMainSessionKey()))
@@ -298,6 +360,13 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
         val response = operatorSession.request("chat.send", params.toString())
         parseChatSendRunId(response) ?: idempotencyKey
       },
+      speakAssistantReply = { text ->
+        // Skip if TalkModeManager is handling TTS (ttsOnAllResponses) to avoid
+        // double-speaking the same assistant reply from both pipelines.
+        if (!talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses) {
+          voiceReplySpeaker.speakAssistantReply(text)
+        }
+      },
     )
   }
 
@@ -313,6 +382,9 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
   val micEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean>
     get() = micCapture.micEnabled
 
+  val micCooldown: StateFlow<Boolean>
+    get() = micCapture.micCooldown
+
   val micQueuedMessages: StateFlow<List<String>>
     get() = micCapture.queuedMessages
 
@@ -325,11 +397,22 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
   val micIsSending: StateFlow<Boolean>
     get() = micCapture.isSending
 
+  private val talkMode: TalkModeManager by lazy {
+    TalkModeManager(
+      context = appContext,
+      scope = scope,
+      session = operatorSession,
+      supportsChatSubscribe = true,
+      isConnected = { operatorConnected },
+    )
+  }
+
   private fun applyMainSessionKey(candidate: String?) {
     val trimmed = normalizeMainKey(candidate) ?: return
     if (isCanonicalMainSessionKey(_mainSessionKey.value)) return
     if (_mainSessionKey.value == trimmed) return
     _mainSessionKey.value = trimmed
+    talkMode.setMainSessionKey(trimmed)
     chat.applyMainSessionKey(trimmed)
   }
 
@@ -467,7 +550,14 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
 
     scope.launch {
       prefs.talkEnabled.collect { enabled ->
+        // MicCaptureManager handles STT + send to gateway.
+        // TalkModeManager plays TTS on assistant responses.
         micCapture.setMicEnabled(enabled)
+        if (enabled) {
+          // Mic on = user is on voice screen and wants TTS responses.
+          talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = true
+          scope.launch { talkMode.ensureChatSubscribed() }
+        }
         externalAudioCaptureActive.value = enabled
       }
     }
@@ -575,12 +665,41 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
     prefs.setCanvasDebugStatusEnabled(value)
   }
 
+  fun setVoiceScreenActive(active: Boolean) {
+    if (!active) {
+      // User left voice screen — stop mic and TTS
+      talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = false
+      talkMode.stopTts()
+      micCapture.setMicEnabled(false)
+      prefs.setTalkEnabled(false)
+    }
+    // Don't re-enable on active=true; mic toggle drives that
+  }
+
   fun setMicEnabled(value: Boolean) {
     prefs.setTalkEnabled(value)
+    if (value) {
+      // Tapping mic on interrupts any active TTS (barge-in)
+      talkMode.stopTts()
+      talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = true
+      scope.launch { talkMode.ensureChatSubscribed() }
+    }
     micCapture.setMicEnabled(value)
     externalAudioCaptureActive.value = value
   }
 
+  val speakerEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean>
+    get() = prefs.speakerEnabled
+
+  fun setSpeakerEnabled(value: Boolean) {
+    prefs.setSpeakerEnabled(value)
+    if (voiceReplySpeakerLazy.isInitialized()) {
+      voiceReplySpeaker.setPlaybackEnabled(value)
+    }
+    // Keep TalkMode in sync so speaker mute works when ttsOnAllResponses is active.
+    talkMode.setPlaybackEnabled(value)
+  }
+
   fun refreshGatewayConnection() {
     val endpoint =
       connectedEndpoint ?: run {
@@ -762,6 +881,7 @@ class NodeRuntime(context: Context) {
 
   private fun handleGatewayEvent(event: String, payloadJson: String?) {
     micCapture.handleGatewayEvent(event, payloadJson)
+    talkMode.handleGatewayEvent(event, payloadJson)
     chat.handleGatewayEvent(event, payloadJson)
   }
 

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/SecurePrefs.kt

@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ class SecurePrefs(context: Context) {
   private val _talkEnabled = MutableStateFlow(plainPrefs.getBoolean("talk.enabled", false))
   val talkEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = _talkEnabled
 
+  private val _speakerEnabled = MutableStateFlow(plainPrefs.getBoolean("voice.speakerEnabled", true))
+  val speakerEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = _speakerEnabled
+
   fun setLastDiscoveredStableId(value: String) {
     val trimmed = value.trim()
     plainPrefs.edit { putString("gateway.lastDiscoveredStableID", trimmed) }
@@ -270,6 +273,11 @@ class SecurePrefs(context: Context) {
     _talkEnabled.value = value
   }
 
+  fun setSpeakerEnabled(value: Boolean) {
+    plainPrefs.edit { putBoolean("voice.speakerEnabled", value) }
+    _speakerEnabled.value = value
+  }
+
   private fun loadVoiceWakeMode(): VoiceWakeMode {
     val raw = plainPrefs.getString(voiceWakeModeKey, null)
     val resolved = VoiceWakeMode.fromRawValue(raw)

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/chat/ChatController.kt

@@ -311,17 +311,14 @@ class ChatController(
     if (!sessionKey.isNullOrEmpty() && sessionKey != _sessionKey.value) return
 
     val runId = payload["runId"].asStringOrNull()
-    if (runId != null) {
-      val isPending =
-        synchronized(pendingRuns) {
-          pendingRuns.contains(runId)
-        }
-      if (!isPending) return
-    }
+    val isPending =
+      if (runId != null) synchronized(pendingRuns) { pendingRuns.contains(runId) } else true
 
     val state = payload["state"].asStringOrNull()
     when (state) {
       "delta" -> {
+        // Only show streaming text for runs we initiated
+        if (!isPending) return
         val text = parseAssistantDeltaText(payload)
         if (!text.isNullOrEmpty()) {
           _streamingAssistantText.value = text

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/CalendarHandler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,384 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.content.ContentResolver
+import android.content.ContentUris
+import android.content.ContentValues
+import android.content.Context
+import android.provider.CalendarContract
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit
+import java.util.TimeZone
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
+
+private const val DEFAULT_CALENDAR_LIMIT = 50
+
+internal data class CalendarEventsRequest(
+  val startMs: Long,
+  val endMs: Long,
+  val limit: Int,
+)
+
+internal data class CalendarAddRequest(
+  val title: String,
+  val startMs: Long,
+  val endMs: Long,
+  val isAllDay: Boolean,
+  val location: String?,
+  val notes: String?,
+  val calendarId: Long?,
+  val calendarTitle: String?,
+)
+
+internal data class CalendarEventRecord(
+  val identifier: String,
+  val title: String,
+  val startISO: String,
+  val endISO: String,
+  val isAllDay: Boolean,
+  val location: String?,
+  val calendarTitle: String?,
+)
+
+internal interface CalendarDataSource {
+  fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun events(context: Context, request: CalendarEventsRequest): List<CalendarEventRecord>
+
+  fun add(context: Context, request: CalendarAddRequest): CalendarEventRecord
+}
+
+private object SystemCalendarDataSource : CalendarDataSource {
+  override fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR) ==
+      android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR) ==
+      android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override fun events(context: Context, request: CalendarEventsRequest): List<CalendarEventRecord> {
+    val resolver = context.contentResolver
+    val builder = CalendarContract.Instances.CONTENT_URI.buildUpon()
+    ContentUris.appendId(builder, request.startMs)
+    ContentUris.appendId(builder, request.endMs)
+    val projection =
+      arrayOf(
+        CalendarContract.Instances.EVENT_ID,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.TITLE,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.BEGIN,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.END,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.ALL_DAY,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.EVENT_LOCATION,
+        CalendarContract.Instances.CALENDAR_DISPLAY_NAME,
+      )
+    val sortOrder = "${CalendarContract.Instances.BEGIN} ASC LIMIT ${request.limit}"
+    resolver.query(builder.build(), projection, null, null, sortOrder).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null) return emptyList()
+      val out = mutableListOf<CalendarEventRecord>()
+      while (cursor.moveToNext() && out.size < request.limit) {
+        val id = cursor.getLong(0)
+        val title = cursor.getString(1)?.trim().orEmpty().ifEmpty { "(untitled)" }
+        val beginMs = cursor.getLong(2)
+        val endMs = cursor.getLong(3)
+        val isAllDay = cursor.getInt(4) == 1
+        val location = cursor.getString(5)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+        val calendarTitle = cursor.getString(6)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+        out +=
+          CalendarEventRecord(
+            identifier = id.toString(),
+            title = title,
+            startISO = Instant.ofEpochMilli(beginMs).toString(),
+            endISO = Instant.ofEpochMilli(endMs).toString(),
+            isAllDay = isAllDay,
+            location = location,
+            calendarTitle = calendarTitle,
+          )
+      }
+      return out
+    }
+  }
+
+  override fun add(context: Context, request: CalendarAddRequest): CalendarEventRecord {
+    val resolver = context.contentResolver
+    val resolvedCalendarId = resolveCalendarId(resolver, request.calendarId, request.calendarTitle)
+    val values =
+      ContentValues().apply {
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.CALENDAR_ID, resolvedCalendarId)
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.TITLE, request.title)
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.DTSTART, request.startMs)
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.DTEND, request.endMs)
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.ALL_DAY, if (request.isAllDay) 1 else 0)
+        put(CalendarContract.Events.EVENT_TIMEZONE, TimeZone.getDefault().id)
+        request.location?.let { put(CalendarContract.Events.EVENT_LOCATION, it) }
+        request.notes?.let { put(CalendarContract.Events.DESCRIPTION, it) }
+      }
+    val uri = resolver.insert(CalendarContract.Events.CONTENT_URI, values)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("calendar insert failed")
+    val eventId = uri.lastPathSegment?.toLongOrNull()
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("calendar insert failed")
+    return loadEventById(resolver, eventId)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("calendar insert failed")
+  }
+
+  private fun resolveCalendarId(
+    resolver: ContentResolver,
+    calendarId: Long?,
+    calendarTitle: String?,
+  ): Long {
+    if (calendarId != null) {
+      if (calendarExists(resolver, calendarId)) return calendarId
+      throw IllegalArgumentException("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND: no calendar id $calendarId")
+    }
+    if (!calendarTitle.isNullOrEmpty()) {
+      findCalendarByTitle(resolver, calendarTitle)?.let { return it }
+      throw IllegalArgumentException("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND: no calendar named $calendarTitle")
+    }
+    findDefaultCalendarId(resolver)?.let { return it }
+    throw IllegalArgumentException("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND: no default calendar")
+  }
+
+  private fun calendarExists(resolver: ContentResolver, id: Long): Boolean {
+    val projection = arrayOf(CalendarContract.Calendars._ID)
+    resolver.query(
+      CalendarContract.Calendars.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${CalendarContract.Calendars._ID}=?",
+      arrayOf(id.toString()),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      return cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun findCalendarByTitle(resolver: ContentResolver, title: String): Long? {
+    val projection = arrayOf(CalendarContract.Calendars._ID)
+    resolver.query(
+      CalendarContract.Calendars.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${CalendarContract.Calendars.CALENDAR_DISPLAY_NAME}=?",
+      arrayOf(title),
+      "${CalendarContract.Calendars.IS_PRIMARY} DESC",
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) return null
+      return cursor.getLong(0)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun findDefaultCalendarId(resolver: ContentResolver): Long? {
+    val projection = arrayOf(CalendarContract.Calendars._ID)
+    resolver.query(
+      CalendarContract.Calendars.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${CalendarContract.Calendars.VISIBLE}=1",
+      null,
+      "${CalendarContract.Calendars.IS_PRIMARY} DESC, ${CalendarContract.Calendars._ID} ASC",
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) return null
+      return cursor.getLong(0)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun loadEventById(
+    resolver: ContentResolver,
+    eventId: Long,
+  ): CalendarEventRecord? {
+    val projection =
+      arrayOf(
+        CalendarContract.Events._ID,
+        CalendarContract.Events.TITLE,
+        CalendarContract.Events.DTSTART,
+        CalendarContract.Events.DTEND,
+        CalendarContract.Events.ALL_DAY,
+        CalendarContract.Events.EVENT_LOCATION,
+        CalendarContract.Events.CALENDAR_DISPLAY_NAME,
+      )
+    resolver.query(
+      CalendarContract.Events.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${CalendarContract.Events._ID}=?",
+      arrayOf(eventId.toString()),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) return null
+      return CalendarEventRecord(
+        identifier = cursor.getLong(0).toString(),
+        title = cursor.getString(1)?.trim().orEmpty().ifEmpty { "(untitled)" },
+        startISO = Instant.ofEpochMilli(cursor.getLong(2)).toString(),
+        endISO = Instant.ofEpochMilli(cursor.getLong(3)).toString(),
+        isAllDay = cursor.getInt(4) == 1,
+        location = cursor.getString(5)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+        calendarTitle = cursor.getString(6)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      )
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+class CalendarHandler private constructor(
+  private val appContext: Context,
+  private val dataSource: CalendarDataSource,
+) {
+  constructor(appContext: Context) : this(appContext = appContext, dataSource = SystemCalendarDataSource)
+
+  fun handleCalendarEvents(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasReadPermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "CALENDAR_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Calendar permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseEventsRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    return try {
+      val events = dataSource.events(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put(
+            "events",
+            buildJsonArray { events.forEach { add(eventJson(it)) } },
+          )
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "CALENDAR_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "calendar query failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  fun handleCalendarAdd(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasWritePermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "CALENDAR_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Calendar permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseAddRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    if (request.title.isEmpty()) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_INVALID",
+        message = "CALENDAR_INVALID: title required",
+      )
+    }
+    if (request.endMs <= request.startMs) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_INVALID",
+        message = "CALENDAR_INVALID: endISO must be after startISO",
+      )
+    }
+    return try {
+      val event = dataSource.add(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put("event", eventJson(event))
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: IllegalArgumentException) {
+      val msg = err.message ?: "CALENDAR_INVALID: invalid request"
+      val code = if (msg.startsWith("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND")) "CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND" else "CALENDAR_INVALID"
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(code = code, message = msg)
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CALENDAR_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "CALENDAR_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "calendar add failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun parseEventsRequest(paramsJson: String?): CalendarEventsRequest? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      val start = Instant.now()
+      val end = start.plus(7, ChronoUnit.DAYS)
+      return CalendarEventsRequest(startMs = start.toEpochMilli(), endMs = end.toEpochMilli(), limit = DEFAULT_CALENDAR_LIMIT)
+    }
+    val params =
+      try {
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    val start = parseISO((params["startISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content)
+    val end = parseISO((params["endISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content)
+    val resolvedStart = start ?: Instant.now()
+    val resolvedEnd = end ?: resolvedStart.plus(7, ChronoUnit.DAYS)
+    val limit = ((params["limit"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toIntOrNull() ?: DEFAULT_CALENDAR_LIMIT).coerceIn(1, 500)
+    return CalendarEventsRequest(
+      startMs = resolvedStart.toEpochMilli(),
+      endMs = resolvedEnd.toEpochMilli(),
+      limit = limit,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun parseAddRequest(paramsJson: String?): CalendarAddRequest? {
+    val params =
+      try {
+        paramsJson?.let { Json.parseToJsonElement(it).asObjectOrNull() }
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    val start = parseISO((params["startISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content)
+      ?: return null
+    val end = parseISO((params["endISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content)
+      ?: return null
+    return CalendarAddRequest(
+      title = (params["title"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim().orEmpty(),
+      startMs = start.toEpochMilli(),
+      endMs = end.toEpochMilli(),
+      isAllDay = (params["isAllDay"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toBooleanStrictOrNull() ?: false,
+      location = (params["location"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      notes = (params["notes"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      calendarId = (params["calendarId"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toLongOrNull(),
+      calendarTitle = (params["calendarTitle"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun parseISO(raw: String?): Instant? {
+    val value = raw?.trim().orEmpty()
+    if (value.isEmpty()) return null
+    return try {
+      Instant.parse(value)
+    } catch (_: Throwable) {
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun eventJson(event: CalendarEventRecord): JsonObject {
+    return buildJsonObject {
+      put("identifier", JsonPrimitive(event.identifier))
+      put("title", JsonPrimitive(event.title))
+      put("startISO", JsonPrimitive(event.startISO))
+      put("endISO", JsonPrimitive(event.endISO))
+      put("isAllDay", JsonPrimitive(event.isAllDay))
+      event.location?.let { put("location", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+      event.calendarTitle?.let { put("calendarTitle", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+    }
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    internal fun forTesting(
+      appContext: Context,
+      dataSource: CalendarDataSource,
+    ): CalendarHandler = CalendarHandler(appContext = appContext, dataSource = dataSource)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/CameraCaptureManager.kt

@@ -33,10 +33,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.suspendCancellableCoroutine
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeout
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.contentOrNull
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
 import java.io.File
 import java.util.concurrent.Executor
@@ -101,7 +98,7 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
     withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
       ensureCameraPermission()
       val owner = lifecycleOwner ?: throw IllegalStateException("UNAVAILABLE: camera not ready")
-      val params = parseParamsObject(paramsJson)
+      val params = parseJsonParamsObject(paramsJson)
       val facing = parseFacing(params) ?: "front"
       val quality = (parseQuality(params) ?: 0.95).coerceIn(0.1, 1.0)
       val maxWidth = parseMaxWidth(params) ?: 1600
@@ -167,7 +164,7 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
     withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
       ensureCameraPermission()
       val owner = lifecycleOwner ?: throw IllegalStateException("UNAVAILABLE: camera not ready")
-      val params = parseParamsObject(paramsJson)
+      val params = parseJsonParamsObject(paramsJson)
       val facing = parseFacing(params) ?: "front"
       val durationMs = (parseDurationMs(params) ?: 3_000).coerceIn(200, 60_000)
       val includeAudio = parseIncludeAudio(params) ?: true
@@ -293,20 +290,8 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
     return rotated
   }
 
-  private fun parseParamsObject(paramsJson: String?): JsonObject? {
-    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) return null
-    return try {
-      Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
-    } catch (_: Throwable) {
-      null
-    }
-  }
-
-  private fun readPrimitive(params: JsonObject?, key: String): JsonPrimitive? =
-    params?.get(key) as? JsonPrimitive
-
   private fun parseFacing(params: JsonObject?): String? {
-    val value = readPrimitive(params, "facing")?.contentOrNull?.trim()?.lowercase() ?: return null
+    val value = parseJsonString(params, "facing")?.trim()?.lowercase() ?: return null
     return when (value) {
       "front", "back" -> value
       else -> null
@@ -314,31 +299,21 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
   }
 
   private fun parseQuality(params: JsonObject?): Double? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "quality")?.contentOrNull?.toDoubleOrNull()
+    parseJsonDouble(params, "quality")
 
   private fun parseMaxWidth(params: JsonObject?): Int? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "maxWidth")
-      ?.contentOrNull
-      ?.toIntOrNull()
+    parseJsonInt(params, "maxWidth")
       ?.takeIf { it > 0 }
 
   private fun parseDurationMs(params: JsonObject?): Int? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "durationMs")?.contentOrNull?.toIntOrNull()
+    parseJsonInt(params, "durationMs")
 
   private fun parseDeviceId(params: JsonObject?): String? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "deviceId")
-      ?.contentOrNull
+    parseJsonString(params, "deviceId")
       ?.trim()
       ?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
 
-  private fun parseIncludeAudio(params: JsonObject?): Boolean? {
-    val value = readPrimitive(params, "includeAudio")?.contentOrNull?.trim()?.lowercase()
-    return when (value) {
-      "true" -> true
-      "false" -> false
-      else -> null
-    }
-  }
+  private fun parseIncludeAudio(params: JsonObject?): Boolean? = parseJsonBooleanFlag(params, "includeAudio")
 
   private fun Context.mainExecutor(): Executor = ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this)
 
@@ -359,6 +334,7 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
       .build()
   }
 
+  @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
   private fun cameraDeviceInfoOrNull(info: CameraInfo): CameraDeviceInfo? {
     val cameraId = cameraIdOrNull(info) ?: return null
     val lensFacing =
@@ -389,6 +365,7 @@ class CameraCaptureManager(private val context: Context) {
     )
   }
 
+  @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
   private fun cameraIdOrNull(info: CameraInfo): String? =
     runCatching { Camera2CameraInfo.from(info).cameraId }.getOrNull()
 }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/CanvasController.kt

@@ -44,6 +44,14 @@ class CanvasController {
     return (q * 100.0).toInt().coerceIn(1, 100)
   }
 
+  private fun Bitmap.scaleForMaxWidth(maxWidth: Int?): Bitmap {
+    if (maxWidth == null || maxWidth <= 0 || width <= maxWidth) {
+      return this
+    }
+    val scaledHeight = (height.toDouble() * (maxWidth.toDouble() / width.toDouble())).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
+    return scale(maxWidth, scaledHeight)
+  }
+
   fun attach(webView: WebView) {
     this.webView = webView
     reload()
@@ -148,13 +156,7 @@ class CanvasController {
     withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
       val wv = webView ?: throw IllegalStateException("no webview")
       val bmp = wv.captureBitmap()
-      val scaled =
-        if (maxWidth != null && maxWidth > 0 && bmp.width > maxWidth) {
-          val h = (bmp.height.toDouble() * (maxWidth.toDouble() / bmp.width.toDouble())).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
-          bmp.scale(maxWidth, h)
-        } else {
-          bmp
-        }
+      val scaled = bmp.scaleForMaxWidth(maxWidth)
 
       val out = ByteArrayOutputStream()
       scaled.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out)
@@ -165,13 +167,7 @@ class CanvasController {
     withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
       val wv = webView ?: throw IllegalStateException("no webview")
       val bmp = wv.captureBitmap()
-      val scaled =
-        if (maxWidth != null && maxWidth > 0 && bmp.width > maxWidth) {
-          val h = (bmp.height.toDouble() * (maxWidth.toDouble() / bmp.width.toDouble())).toInt().coerceAtLeast(1)
-          bmp.scale(maxWidth, h)
-        } else {
-          bmp
-        }
+      val scaled = bmp.scaleForMaxWidth(maxWidth)
 
       val out = ByteArrayOutputStream()
       val (compressFormat, compressQuality) =

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/ConnectionManager.kt

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewayClientInfo
 import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewayConnectOptions
 import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewayEndpoint
 import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewayTlsParams
-import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCapability
 import ai.openclaw.android.LocationMode
 import ai.openclaw.android.VoiceWakeMode
 
@@ -16,6 +15,8 @@ class ConnectionManager(
   private val cameraEnabled: () -> Boolean,
   private val locationMode: () -> LocationMode,
   private val voiceWakeMode: () -> VoiceWakeMode,
+  private val motionActivityAvailable: () -> Boolean,
+  private val motionPedometerAvailable: () -> Boolean,
   private val smsAvailable: () -> Boolean,
   private val hasRecordAudioPermission: () -> Boolean,
   private val manualTls: () -> Boolean,
@@ -73,28 +74,20 @@ class ConnectionManager(
     }
   }
 
-  fun buildInvokeCommands(): List<String> =
-    InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(
+  private fun runtimeFlags(): NodeRuntimeFlags =
+    NodeRuntimeFlags(
       cameraEnabled = cameraEnabled(),
       locationEnabled = locationMode() != LocationMode.Off,
       smsAvailable = smsAvailable(),
+      voiceWakeEnabled = voiceWakeMode() != VoiceWakeMode.Off && hasRecordAudioPermission(),
+      motionActivityAvailable = motionActivityAvailable(),
+      motionPedometerAvailable = motionPedometerAvailable(),
       debugBuild = BuildConfig.DEBUG,
     )
 
-  fun buildCapabilities(): List<String> =
-    buildList {
-      add(OpenClawCapability.Canvas.rawValue)
-      add(OpenClawCapability.Screen.rawValue)
-      add(OpenClawCapability.Device.rawValue)
-      if (cameraEnabled()) add(OpenClawCapability.Camera.rawValue)
-      if (smsAvailable()) add(OpenClawCapability.Sms.rawValue)
-      if (voiceWakeMode() != VoiceWakeMode.Off && hasRecordAudioPermission()) {
-        add(OpenClawCapability.VoiceWake.rawValue)
-      }
-      if (locationMode() != LocationMode.Off) {
-        add(OpenClawCapability.Location.rawValue)
-      }
-    }
+  fun buildInvokeCommands(): List<String> = InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(runtimeFlags())
+
+  fun buildCapabilities(): List<String> = InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCapabilities(runtimeFlags())
 
   fun resolvedVersionName(): String {
     val versionName = BuildConfig.VERSION_NAME.trim().ifEmpty { "dev" }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/ContactsHandler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.content.ContentProviderOperation
+import android.content.ContentResolver
+import android.content.ContentValues
+import android.content.Context
+import android.provider.ContactsContract
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
+
+private const val DEFAULT_CONTACTS_LIMIT = 25
+
+internal data class ContactRecord(
+  val identifier: String,
+  val displayName: String,
+  val givenName: String,
+  val familyName: String,
+  val organizationName: String,
+  val phoneNumbers: List<String>,
+  val emails: List<String>,
+)
+
+internal data class ContactsSearchRequest(
+  val query: String?,
+  val limit: Int,
+)
+
+internal data class ContactsAddRequest(
+  val givenName: String?,
+  val familyName: String?,
+  val organizationName: String?,
+  val displayName: String?,
+  val phoneNumbers: List<String>,
+  val emails: List<String>,
+)
+
+internal interface ContactsDataSource {
+  fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun search(context: Context, request: ContactsSearchRequest): List<ContactRecord>
+
+  fun add(context: Context, request: ContactsAddRequest): ContactRecord
+}
+
+private object SystemContactsDataSource : ContactsDataSource {
+  override fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) ==
+      android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS) ==
+      android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override fun search(context: Context, request: ContactsSearchRequest): List<ContactRecord> {
+    val resolver = context.contentResolver
+    val projection =
+      arrayOf(
+        ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
+        ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY,
+      )
+    val selection: String?
+    val selectionArgs: Array<String>?
+    if (request.query.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      selection = null
+      selectionArgs = null
+    } else {
+      selection = "${ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY} LIKE ?"
+      selectionArgs = arrayOf("%${request.query}%")
+    }
+    val sortOrder = "${ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY} COLLATE NOCASE ASC LIMIT ${request.limit}"
+    resolver.query(
+      ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      selection,
+      selectionArgs,
+      sortOrder,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null) return emptyList()
+      val idIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID)
+      val displayNameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME_PRIMARY)
+      val out = mutableListOf<ContactRecord>()
+      while (cursor.moveToNext() && out.size < request.limit) {
+        val contactId = cursor.getLong(idIndex)
+        val displayName = cursor.getString(displayNameIndex).orEmpty()
+        out += loadContactRecord(resolver, contactId, fallbackDisplayName = displayName)
+      }
+      return out
+    }
+  }
+
+  override fun add(context: Context, request: ContactsAddRequest): ContactRecord {
+    val resolver = context.contentResolver
+    val operations = ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>()
+    operations +=
+      ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
+        .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
+        .withValue(ContactsContract.RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
+        .build()
+    if (!request.givenName.isNullOrEmpty() || !request.familyName.isNullOrEmpty() || !request.displayName.isNullOrEmpty()) {
+      operations +=
+        ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
+          .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, request.givenName)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME, request.familyName)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME, request.displayName)
+          .build()
+    }
+    if (!request.organizationName.isNullOrEmpty()) {
+      operations +=
+        ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
+          .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.COMPANY, request.organizationName)
+          .build()
+    }
+    request.phoneNumbers.forEach { number ->
+      operations +=
+        ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
+          .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER, number)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
+          .build()
+    }
+    request.emails.forEach { email ->
+      operations +=
+        ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
+          .withValueBackReference(ContactsContract.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, 0)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.ADDRESS, email)
+          .withValue(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE_HOME)
+          .build()
+    }
+
+    val results = resolver.applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY, operations)
+    val rawContactUri = results.firstOrNull()?.uri
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("contact insert failed")
+    val rawContactId = rawContactUri.lastPathSegment?.toLongOrNull()
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("contact insert failed")
+    val contactId = resolveContactIdForRawContact(resolver, rawContactId)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("contact insert failed")
+    return loadContactRecord(
+      resolver = resolver,
+      contactId = contactId,
+      fallbackDisplayName = request.displayName.orEmpty(),
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun resolveContactIdForRawContact(resolver: ContentResolver, rawContactId: Long): Long? {
+    val projection = arrayOf(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTACT_ID)
+    resolver.query(
+      ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${ContactsContract.RawContacts._ID}=?",
+      arrayOf(rawContactId.toString()),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) return null
+      val index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTACT_ID)
+      return cursor.getLong(index)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun loadContactRecord(
+    resolver: ContentResolver,
+    contactId: Long,
+    fallbackDisplayName: String,
+  ): ContactRecord {
+    val nameRow = loadNameRow(resolver, contactId)
+    val organization = loadOrganization(resolver, contactId)
+    val phones = loadPhones(resolver, contactId)
+    val emails = loadEmails(resolver, contactId)
+    val displayName =
+      when {
+        !nameRow.displayName.isNullOrEmpty() -> nameRow.displayName
+        !fallbackDisplayName.isNullOrEmpty() -> fallbackDisplayName
+        else -> listOfNotNull(nameRow.givenName, nameRow.familyName).joinToString(" ").trim()
+      }.ifEmpty { "(unnamed)" }
+    return ContactRecord(
+      identifier = contactId.toString(),
+      displayName = displayName,
+      givenName = nameRow.givenName.orEmpty(),
+      familyName = nameRow.familyName.orEmpty(),
+      organizationName = organization.orEmpty(),
+      phoneNumbers = phones,
+      emails = emails,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private data class NameRow(
+    val givenName: String?,
+    val familyName: String?,
+    val displayName: String?,
+  )
+
+  private fun loadNameRow(resolver: ContentResolver, contactId: Long): NameRow {
+    val projection =
+      arrayOf(
+        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME,
+        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.FAMILY_NAME,
+        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.DISPLAY_NAME,
+      )
+    resolver.query(
+      ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID}=? AND ${ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE}=?",
+      arrayOf(
+        contactId.toString(),
+        ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE,
+      ),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) {
+        return NameRow(givenName = null, familyName = null, displayName = null)
+      }
+      val given = cursor.getString(0)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+      val family = cursor.getString(1)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+      val display = cursor.getString(2)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+      return NameRow(givenName = given, familyName = family, displayName = display)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun loadOrganization(resolver: ContentResolver, contactId: Long): String? {
+    val projection = arrayOf(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.COMPANY)
+    resolver.query(
+      ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      "${ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID}=? AND ${ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE}=?",
+      arrayOf(contactId.toString(), ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) return null
+      return cursor.getString(0)?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun loadPhones(resolver: ContentResolver, contactId: Long): List<String> {
+    return queryContactValues(
+      resolver = resolver,
+      contentUri = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
+      valueColumn = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER,
+      contactIdColumn = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID,
+      contactId = contactId,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun loadEmails(resolver: ContentResolver, contactId: Long): List<String> {
+    return queryContactValues(
+      resolver = resolver,
+      contentUri = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,
+      valueColumn = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.ADDRESS,
+      contactIdColumn = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID,
+      contactId = contactId,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun queryContactValues(
+    resolver: ContentResolver,
+    contentUri: android.net.Uri,
+    valueColumn: String,
+    contactIdColumn: String,
+    contactId: Long,
+  ): List<String> {
+    val projection = arrayOf(valueColumn)
+    resolver.query(
+      contentUri,
+      projection,
+      "$contactIdColumn=?",
+      arrayOf(contactId.toString()),
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null) return emptyList()
+      val out = LinkedHashSet<String>()
+      while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+        val value = cursor.getString(0)?.trim().orEmpty()
+        if (value.isNotEmpty()) out += value
+      }
+      return out.toList()
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+class ContactsHandler private constructor(
+  private val appContext: Context,
+  private val dataSource: ContactsDataSource,
+) {
+  constructor(appContext: Context) : this(appContext = appContext, dataSource = SystemContactsDataSource)
+
+  fun handleContactsSearch(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasReadPermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Contacts permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseSearchRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    return try {
+      val contacts = dataSource.search(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put(
+            "contacts",
+            buildJsonArray {
+              contacts.forEach { add(contactJson(it)) }
+            },
+          )
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CONTACTS_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "CONTACTS_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "contacts query failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  fun handleContactsAdd(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasWritePermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Contacts permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseAddRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    val hasName =
+      !(request.givenName.isNullOrEmpty() && request.familyName.isNullOrEmpty() && request.displayName.isNullOrEmpty())
+    val hasOrg = !request.organizationName.isNullOrEmpty()
+    val hasDetails = request.phoneNumbers.isNotEmpty() || request.emails.isNotEmpty()
+    if (!hasName && !hasOrg && !hasDetails) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CONTACTS_INVALID",
+        message = "CONTACTS_INVALID: include a name, organization, phone, or email",
+      )
+    }
+    return try {
+      val contact = dataSource.add(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put("contact", contactJson(contact))
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "CONTACTS_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "CONTACTS_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "contact add failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun parseSearchRequest(paramsJson: String?): ContactsSearchRequest? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      return ContactsSearchRequest(query = null, limit = DEFAULT_CONTACTS_LIMIT)
+    }
+    val params =
+      try {
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    val query = (params["query"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+    val limit = ((params["limit"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toIntOrNull() ?: DEFAULT_CONTACTS_LIMIT).coerceIn(1, 200)
+    return ContactsSearchRequest(query = query, limit = limit)
+  }
+
+  private fun parseAddRequest(paramsJson: String?): ContactsAddRequest? {
+    val params =
+      try {
+        paramsJson?.let { Json.parseToJsonElement(it).asObjectOrNull() }
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    return ContactsAddRequest(
+      givenName = (params["givenName"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      familyName = (params["familyName"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      organizationName = (params["organizationName"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      displayName = (params["displayName"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      phoneNumbers = stringArray(params["phoneNumbers"] as? JsonArray),
+      emails = stringArray(params["emails"] as? JsonArray).map { it.lowercase() },
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun stringArray(array: JsonArray?): List<String> {
+    if (array == null) return emptyList()
+    return array.mapNotNull { element ->
+      (element as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun contactJson(contact: ContactRecord): JsonObject {
+    return buildJsonObject {
+      put("identifier", JsonPrimitive(contact.identifier))
+      put("displayName", JsonPrimitive(contact.displayName))
+      put("givenName", JsonPrimitive(contact.givenName))
+      put("familyName", JsonPrimitive(contact.familyName))
+      put("organizationName", JsonPrimitive(contact.organizationName))
+      put("phoneNumbers", buildJsonArray { contact.phoneNumbers.forEach { add(JsonPrimitive(it)) } })
+      put("emails", buildJsonArray { contact.emails.forEach { add(JsonPrimitive(it)) } })
+    }
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    internal fun forTesting(
+      appContext: Context,
+      dataSource: ContactsDataSource,
+    ): ContactsHandler = ContactsHandler(appContext = appContext, dataSource = dataSource)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/DeviceHandler.kt

@@ -130,6 +130,19 @@ class DeviceHandler(
   private fun permissionsPayloadJson(): String {
     val canSendSms = appContext.packageManager.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY)
     val notificationAccess = DeviceNotificationListenerService.isAccessEnabled(appContext)
+    val photosGranted =
+      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+        hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES)
+      } else {
+        hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
+      }
+    val motionGranted = hasPermission(Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION)
+    val notificationsGranted =
+      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+        hasPermission(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+      } else {
+        true
+      }
     return buildJsonObject {
       put(
         "permissions",
@@ -178,6 +191,41 @@ class DeviceHandler(
               promptableWhenDenied = true,
             ),
           )
+          put(
+            "notifications",
+            permissionStateJson(
+              granted = notificationsGranted,
+              promptableWhenDenied = true,
+            ),
+          )
+          put(
+            "photos",
+            permissionStateJson(
+              granted = photosGranted,
+              promptableWhenDenied = true,
+            ),
+          )
+          put(
+            "contacts",
+            permissionStateJson(
+              granted = hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS),
+              promptableWhenDenied = true,
+            ),
+          )
+          put(
+            "calendar",
+            permissionStateJson(
+              granted = hasPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR),
+              promptableWhenDenied = true,
+            ),
+          )
+          put(
+            "motion",
+            permissionStateJson(
+              granted = motionGranted,
+              promptableWhenDenied = true,
+            ),
+          )
           // Screen capture on Android is interactive per-capture consent, not a sticky app permission.
           put(
             "screenCapture",

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/DeviceNotificationListenerService.kt

@@ -6,11 +6,15 @@ import android.app.RemoteInput
 import android.content.ComponentName
 import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
-import android.os.Build
 import android.service.notification.NotificationListenerService
 import android.service.notification.StatusBarNotification
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
 
 private const val MAX_NOTIFICATION_TEXT_CHARS = 512
+private const val NOTIFICATIONS_CHANGED_EVENT = "notifications.changed"
 
 internal fun sanitizeNotificationText(value: CharSequence?): String? {
   val normalized = value?.toString()?.trim().orEmpty()
@@ -30,6 +34,21 @@ data class DeviceNotificationEntry(
   val isClearable: Boolean,
 )
 
+internal fun DeviceNotificationEntry.toJsonObject(): JsonObject {
+  return buildJsonObject {
+    put("key", JsonPrimitive(key))
+    put("packageName", JsonPrimitive(packageName))
+    put("postTimeMs", JsonPrimitive(postTimeMs))
+    put("isOngoing", JsonPrimitive(isOngoing))
+    put("isClearable", JsonPrimitive(isClearable))
+    title?.let { put("title", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+    text?.let { put("text", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+    subText?.let { put("subText", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+    category?.let { put("category", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+    channelId?.let { put("channelId", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+  }
+}
+
 data class DeviceNotificationSnapshot(
   val enabled: Boolean,
   val connected: Boolean,
@@ -133,12 +152,47 @@ class DeviceNotificationListenerService : NotificationListenerService() {
     super.onNotificationPosted(sbn)
     val entry = sbn?.toEntry() ?: return
     DeviceNotificationStore.upsert(entry)
+    if (entry.packageName == packageName) {
+      return
+    }
+    emitNotificationsChanged(
+      buildJsonObject {
+        put("change", JsonPrimitive("posted"))
+        put("key", JsonPrimitive(entry.key))
+        put("packageName", JsonPrimitive(entry.packageName))
+        put("postTimeMs", JsonPrimitive(entry.postTimeMs))
+        put("isOngoing", JsonPrimitive(entry.isOngoing))
+        put("isClearable", JsonPrimitive(entry.isClearable))
+        entry.title?.let { put("title", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+        entry.text?.let { put("text", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+        entry.subText?.let { put("subText", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+        entry.category?.let { put("category", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+        entry.channelId?.let { put("channelId", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+      }.toString(),
+    )
   }
 
   override fun onNotificationRemoved(sbn: StatusBarNotification?) {
     super.onNotificationRemoved(sbn)
-    val key = sbn?.key ?: return
+    val removed = sbn ?: return
+    val key = removed.key.trim()
+    if (key.isEmpty()) {
+      return
+    }
     DeviceNotificationStore.remove(key)
+    if (removed.packageName == packageName) {
+      return
+    }
+    emitNotificationsChanged(
+      buildJsonObject {
+        put("change", JsonPrimitive("removed"))
+        put("key", JsonPrimitive(key))
+        val packageName = removed.packageName.trim()
+        if (packageName.isNotEmpty()) {
+          put("packageName", JsonPrimitive(packageName))
+        }
+      }.toString(),
+    )
   }
 
   private fun refreshActiveNotifications() {
@@ -175,11 +229,16 @@ class DeviceNotificationListenerService : NotificationListenerService() {
 
   companion object {
     @Volatile private var activeService: DeviceNotificationListenerService? = null
+    @Volatile private var nodeEventSink: ((event: String, payloadJson: String?) -> Unit)? = null
 
     private fun serviceComponent(context: Context): ComponentName {
       return ComponentName(context, DeviceNotificationListenerService::class.java)
     }
 
+    fun setNodeEventSink(sink: ((event: String, payloadJson: String?) -> Unit)?) {
+      nodeEventSink = sink
+    }
+
     fun isAccessEnabled(context: Context): Boolean {
       val manager = context.getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java) ?: return false
       return manager.isNotificationListenerAccessGranted(serviceComponent(context))
@@ -190,9 +249,6 @@ class DeviceNotificationListenerService : NotificationListenerService() {
     }
 
     fun requestServiceRebind(context: Context) {
-      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
-        return
-      }
       runCatching {
         NotificationListenerService.requestRebind(serviceComponent(context))
       }
@@ -214,6 +270,12 @@ class DeviceNotificationListenerService : NotificationListenerService() {
         )
       return service.executeActionInternal(request)
     }
+
+    private fun emitNotificationsChanged(payloadJson: String) {
+      runCatching {
+        nodeEventSink?.invoke(NOTIFICATIONS_CHANGED_EVENT, payloadJson)
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   private fun executeActionInternal(request: NotificationActionRequest): NotificationActionResult {

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/InvokeCommandRegistry.kt

@@ -1,22 +1,54 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.node
 
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCalendarCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCanvasA2UICommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCanvasCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCameraCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCapability
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawContactsCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawDeviceCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawLocationCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawMotionCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawNotificationsCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawPhotosCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawScreenCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSmsCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSystemCommand
+
+data class NodeRuntimeFlags(
+  val cameraEnabled: Boolean,
+  val locationEnabled: Boolean,
+  val smsAvailable: Boolean,
+  val voiceWakeEnabled: Boolean,
+  val motionActivityAvailable: Boolean,
+  val motionPedometerAvailable: Boolean,
+  val debugBuild: Boolean,
+)
 
 enum class InvokeCommandAvailability {
   Always,
   CameraEnabled,
   LocationEnabled,
   SmsAvailable,
+  MotionActivityAvailable,
+  MotionPedometerAvailable,
   DebugBuild,
 }
 
+enum class NodeCapabilityAvailability {
+  Always,
+  CameraEnabled,
+  LocationEnabled,
+  SmsAvailable,
+  VoiceWakeEnabled,
+  MotionAvailable,
+}
+
+data class NodeCapabilitySpec(
+  val name: String,
+  val availability: NodeCapabilityAvailability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.Always,
+)
+
 data class InvokeCommandSpec(
   val name: String,
   val requiresForeground: Boolean = false,
@@ -24,6 +56,39 @@ data class InvokeCommandSpec(
 )
 
 object InvokeCommandRegistry {
+  val capabilityManifest: List<NodeCapabilitySpec> =
+    listOf(
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Canvas.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Screen.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Device.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Notifications.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.System.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.AppUpdate.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(
+        name = OpenClawCapability.Camera.rawValue,
+        availability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.CameraEnabled,
+      ),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(
+        name = OpenClawCapability.Sms.rawValue,
+        availability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.SmsAvailable,
+      ),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(
+        name = OpenClawCapability.VoiceWake.rawValue,
+        availability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.VoiceWakeEnabled,
+      ),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(
+        name = OpenClawCapability.Location.rawValue,
+        availability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.LocationEnabled,
+      ),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Photos.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Contacts.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(name = OpenClawCapability.Calendar.rawValue),
+      NodeCapabilitySpec(
+        name = OpenClawCapability.Motion.rawValue,
+        availability = NodeCapabilityAvailability.MotionAvailable,
+      ),
+    )
+
   val all: List<InvokeCommandSpec> =
     listOf(
       InvokeCommandSpec(
@@ -62,6 +127,9 @@ object InvokeCommandRegistry {
         name = OpenClawScreenCommand.Record.rawValue,
         requiresForeground = true,
       ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawSystemCommand.Notify.rawValue,
+      ),
       InvokeCommandSpec(
         name = OpenClawCameraCommand.List.rawValue,
         requiresForeground = true,
@@ -99,6 +167,29 @@ object InvokeCommandRegistry {
       InvokeCommandSpec(
         name = OpenClawNotificationsCommand.Actions.rawValue,
       ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawPhotosCommand.Latest.rawValue,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawContactsCommand.Search.rawValue,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawContactsCommand.Add.rawValue,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawCalendarCommand.Events.rawValue,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawCalendarCommand.Add.rawValue,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawMotionCommand.Activity.rawValue,
+        availability = InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionActivityAvailable,
+      ),
+      InvokeCommandSpec(
+        name = OpenClawMotionCommand.Pedometer.rawValue,
+        availability = InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionPedometerAvailable,
+      ),
       InvokeCommandSpec(
         name = OpenClawSmsCommand.Send.rawValue,
         availability = InvokeCommandAvailability.SmsAvailable,
@@ -118,20 +209,32 @@ object InvokeCommandRegistry {
 
   fun find(command: String): InvokeCommandSpec? = byNameInternal[command]
 
-  fun advertisedCommands(
-    cameraEnabled: Boolean,
-    locationEnabled: Boolean,
-    smsAvailable: Boolean,
-    debugBuild: Boolean,
-  ): List<String> {
+  fun advertisedCapabilities(flags: NodeRuntimeFlags): List<String> {
+    return capabilityManifest
+      .filter { spec ->
+        when (spec.availability) {
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.Always -> true
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.CameraEnabled -> flags.cameraEnabled
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.LocationEnabled -> flags.locationEnabled
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.SmsAvailable -> flags.smsAvailable
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.VoiceWakeEnabled -> flags.voiceWakeEnabled
+          NodeCapabilityAvailability.MotionAvailable -> flags.motionActivityAvailable || flags.motionPedometerAvailable
+        }
+      }
+      .map { it.name }
+  }
+
+  fun advertisedCommands(flags: NodeRuntimeFlags): List<String> {
     return all
       .filter { spec ->
         when (spec.availability) {
           InvokeCommandAvailability.Always -> true
-          InvokeCommandAvailability.CameraEnabled -> cameraEnabled
-          InvokeCommandAvailability.LocationEnabled -> locationEnabled
-          InvokeCommandAvailability.SmsAvailable -> smsAvailable
-          InvokeCommandAvailability.DebugBuild -> debugBuild
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.CameraEnabled -> flags.cameraEnabled
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.LocationEnabled -> flags.locationEnabled
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.SmsAvailable -> flags.smsAvailable
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionActivityAvailable -> flags.motionActivityAvailable
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionPedometerAvailable -> flags.motionPedometerAvailable
+          InvokeCommandAvailability.DebugBuild -> flags.debugBuild
         }
       }
       .map { it.name }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/InvokeDispatcher.kt

@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.node
 
 import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCalendarCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCanvasA2UICommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCanvasCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCameraCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawContactsCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawDeviceCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawLocationCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawMotionCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawNotificationsCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawScreenCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSmsCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSystemCommand
 
 class InvokeDispatcher(
   private val canvas: CanvasController,
@@ -16,6 +20,11 @@ class InvokeDispatcher(
   private val locationHandler: LocationHandler,
   private val deviceHandler: DeviceHandler,
   private val notificationsHandler: NotificationsHandler,
+  private val systemHandler: SystemHandler,
+  private val photosHandler: PhotosHandler,
+  private val contactsHandler: ContactsHandler,
+  private val calendarHandler: CalendarHandler,
+  private val motionHandler: MotionHandler,
   private val screenHandler: ScreenHandler,
   private val smsHandler: SmsHandler,
   private val a2uiHandler: A2UIHandler,
@@ -29,6 +38,8 @@ class InvokeDispatcher(
   private val refreshNodeCanvasCapability: suspend () -> Boolean,
   private val onCanvasA2uiPush: () -> Unit,
   private val onCanvasA2uiReset: () -> Unit,
+  private val motionActivityAvailable: () -> Boolean,
+  private val motionPedometerAvailable: () -> Boolean,
 ) {
   suspend fun handleInvoke(command: String, paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
     val spec =
@@ -130,6 +141,26 @@ class InvokeDispatcher(
       OpenClawNotificationsCommand.List.rawValue -> notificationsHandler.handleNotificationsList(paramsJson)
       OpenClawNotificationsCommand.Actions.rawValue -> notificationsHandler.handleNotificationsActions(paramsJson)
 
+      // System command
+      OpenClawSystemCommand.Notify.rawValue -> systemHandler.handleSystemNotify(paramsJson)
+
+      // Photos command
+      ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawPhotosCommand.Latest.rawValue -> photosHandler.handlePhotosLatest(
+        paramsJson,
+      )
+
+      // Contacts command
+      OpenClawContactsCommand.Search.rawValue -> contactsHandler.handleContactsSearch(paramsJson)
+      OpenClawContactsCommand.Add.rawValue -> contactsHandler.handleContactsAdd(paramsJson)
+
+      // Calendar command
+      OpenClawCalendarCommand.Events.rawValue -> calendarHandler.handleCalendarEvents(paramsJson)
+      OpenClawCalendarCommand.Add.rawValue -> calendarHandler.handleCalendarAdd(paramsJson)
+
+      // Motion command
+      OpenClawMotionCommand.Activity.rawValue -> motionHandler.handleMotionActivity(paramsJson)
+      OpenClawMotionCommand.Pedometer.rawValue -> motionHandler.handleMotionPedometer(paramsJson)
+
       // Screen command
       OpenClawScreenCommand.Record.rawValue -> screenHandler.handleScreenRecord(paramsJson)
 
@@ -212,6 +243,24 @@ class InvokeDispatcher(
             message = "LOCATION_DISABLED: enable Location in Settings",
           )
         }
+      InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionActivityAvailable ->
+        if (motionActivityAvailable()) {
+          null
+        } else {
+          GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+            code = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE",
+            message = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: accelerometer not available",
+          )
+        }
+      InvokeCommandAvailability.MotionPedometerAvailable ->
+        if (motionPedometerAvailable()) {
+          null
+        } else {
+          GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+            code = "PEDOMETER_UNAVAILABLE",
+            message = "PEDOMETER_UNAVAILABLE: step counter not available",
+          )
+        }
       InvokeCommandAvailability.SmsAvailable ->
         if (smsAvailable()) {
           null

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/MotionHandler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.content.Context
+import android.hardware.Sensor
+import android.hardware.SensorEvent
+import android.hardware.SensorEventListener
+import android.hardware.SensorManager
+import android.os.SystemClock
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import java.time.Instant
+import kotlinx.coroutines.suspendCancellableCoroutine
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeoutOrNull
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
+import kotlin.coroutines.resume
+import kotlin.math.abs
+import kotlin.math.max
+import kotlin.math.sqrt
+
+private const val ACCELEROMETER_SAMPLE_TARGET = 20
+private const val ACCELEROMETER_SAMPLE_TIMEOUT_MS = 6_000L
+
+internal data class MotionActivityRequest(
+  val startISO: String?,
+  val endISO: String?,
+  val limit: Int,
+)
+
+internal data class MotionPedometerRequest(
+  val startISO: String?,
+  val endISO: String?,
+)
+
+internal data class MotionActivityRecord(
+  val startISO: String,
+  val endISO: String,
+  val confidence: String,
+  val isWalking: Boolean,
+  val isRunning: Boolean,
+  val isCycling: Boolean,
+  val isAutomotive: Boolean,
+  val isStationary: Boolean,
+  val isUnknown: Boolean,
+)
+
+internal data class PedometerRecord(
+  val startISO: String,
+  val endISO: String,
+  val steps: Int?,
+  val distanceMeters: Double?,
+  val floorsAscended: Int?,
+  val floorsDescended: Int?,
+)
+
+internal interface MotionDataSource {
+  fun isActivityAvailable(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun isPedometerAvailable(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun isAvailable(context: Context): Boolean = isActivityAvailable(context) || isPedometerAvailable(context)
+
+  fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  suspend fun activity(context: Context, request: MotionActivityRequest): MotionActivityRecord
+
+  suspend fun pedometer(context: Context, request: MotionPedometerRequest): PedometerRecord
+}
+
+private object SystemMotionDataSource : MotionDataSource {
+  override fun isActivityAvailable(context: Context): Boolean {
+    val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java)
+    return sensorManager?.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER) != null
+  }
+
+  override fun isPedometerAvailable(context: Context): Boolean {
+    val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java)
+    return sensorManager?.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER) != null
+  }
+
+  override fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION) ==
+      android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override suspend fun activity(context: Context, request: MotionActivityRequest): MotionActivityRecord {
+    if (!request.startISO.isNullOrBlank() || !request.endISO.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      throw IllegalArgumentException("MOTION_RANGE_UNAVAILABLE: historical activity range not supported on Android")
+    }
+    val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: sensor manager unavailable")
+    val accelerometer = sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: accelerometer not available")
+
+    val sample = readAccelerometerSample(sensorManager, accelerometer)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: no accelerometer sample")
+    val end = Instant.now()
+    val start = end.minusSeconds(2)
+    val classification = classifyActivity(sample.averageDelta)
+    return MotionActivityRecord(
+      startISO = start.toString(),
+      endISO = end.toString(),
+      confidence = classifyConfidence(sample.samples, sample.averageDelta),
+      isWalking = classification == "walking",
+      isRunning = classification == "running",
+      isCycling = false,
+      isAutomotive = false,
+      isStationary = classification == "stationary",
+      isUnknown = classification == "unknown",
+    )
+  }
+
+  override suspend fun pedometer(context: Context, request: MotionPedometerRequest): PedometerRecord {
+    if (!request.startISO.isNullOrBlank() || !request.endISO.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      throw IllegalArgumentException("PEDOMETER_RANGE_UNAVAILABLE: historical pedometer range not supported on Android")
+    }
+    val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("PEDOMETER_UNAVAILABLE: sensor manager unavailable")
+    val stepCounter = sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("PEDOMETER_UNAVAILABLE: step counting not supported")
+
+    val steps = readStepCounter(sensorManager, stepCounter)
+      ?: throw IllegalStateException("PEDOMETER_UNAVAILABLE: no step counter sample")
+    val bootMs = System.currentTimeMillis() - SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
+    return PedometerRecord(
+      startISO = Instant.ofEpochMilli(max(0L, bootMs)).toString(),
+      endISO = Instant.now().toString(),
+      steps = steps,
+      distanceMeters = null,
+      floorsAscended = null,
+      floorsDescended = null,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private data class AccelerometerSample(
+    val samples: Int,
+    val averageDelta: Double,
+  )
+
+  private suspend fun readStepCounter(sensorManager: SensorManager, sensor: Sensor): Int? {
+    val sample =
+      withTimeoutOrNull(1200L) {
+        suspendCancellableCoroutine<Float?> { cont ->
+          var resumed = false
+          val listener =
+            object : SensorEventListener {
+              override fun onSensorChanged(event: SensorEvent?) {
+                if (resumed) return
+                val value = event?.values?.firstOrNull()
+                resumed = true
+                sensorManager.unregisterListener(this)
+                cont.resume(value)
+              }
+
+              override fun onAccuracyChanged(sensor: Sensor?, accuracy: Int) = Unit
+            }
+          val registered = sensorManager.registerListener(listener, sensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL)
+          if (!registered) {
+            sensorManager.unregisterListener(listener)
+            resumed = true
+            cont.resume(null)
+            return@suspendCancellableCoroutine
+          }
+          cont.invokeOnCancellation { sensorManager.unregisterListener(listener) }
+        }
+      }
+    return sample?.toInt()?.takeIf { it >= 0 }
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun readAccelerometerSample(
+    sensorManager: SensorManager,
+    sensor: Sensor,
+  ): AccelerometerSample? {
+    val sample =
+      withTimeoutOrNull(ACCELEROMETER_SAMPLE_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+        suspendCancellableCoroutine<AccelerometerSample?> { cont ->
+          var count = 0
+          var sumDelta = 0.0
+          var resumed = false
+          val listener =
+            object : SensorEventListener {
+              override fun onSensorChanged(event: SensorEvent?) {
+                val values = event?.values ?: return
+                if (values.size < 3) return
+                val magnitude =
+                  sqrt(
+                    values[0] * values[0] +
+                      values[1] * values[1] +
+                      values[2] * values[2],
+                  ).toDouble()
+                sumDelta += abs(magnitude - SensorManager.GRAVITY_EARTH.toDouble())
+                count += 1
+                if (count >= ACCELEROMETER_SAMPLE_TARGET && !resumed) {
+                  resumed = true
+                  sensorManager.unregisterListener(this)
+                  cont.resume(
+                    AccelerometerSample(
+                      samples = count,
+                      averageDelta = if (count == 0) 0.0 else sumDelta / count,
+                    ),
+                  )
+                }
+              }
+
+              override fun onAccuracyChanged(sensor: Sensor?, accuracy: Int) = Unit
+            }
+          val registered = sensorManager.registerListener(listener, sensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL)
+          if (!registered) {
+            resumed = true
+            cont.resume(null)
+            return@suspendCancellableCoroutine
+          }
+          cont.invokeOnCancellation { sensorManager.unregisterListener(listener) }
+        }
+      }
+    return sample
+  }
+
+  private fun classifyActivity(averageDelta: Double): String {
+    return when {
+      averageDelta <= 0.55 -> "stationary"
+      averageDelta <= 1.80 -> "walking"
+      else -> "running"
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun classifyConfidence(samples: Int, averageDelta: Double): String {
+    if (samples < 6) return "low"
+    if (samples >= 14 && averageDelta > 0.4) return "high"
+    return "medium"
+  }
+}
+
+class MotionHandler private constructor(
+  private val appContext: Context,
+  private val dataSource: MotionDataSource,
+) {
+  constructor(appContext: Context) : this(appContext = appContext, dataSource = SystemMotionDataSource)
+
+  suspend fun handleMotionActivity(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasPermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "MOTION_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "MOTION_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Motion permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseActivityRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    return try {
+      val activity = dataSource.activity(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put(
+            "activities",
+            buildJsonArray {
+              add(
+                buildJsonObject {
+                  put("startISO", JsonPrimitive(activity.startISO))
+                  put("endISO", JsonPrimitive(activity.endISO))
+                  put("confidence", JsonPrimitive(activity.confidence))
+                  put("isWalking", JsonPrimitive(activity.isWalking))
+                  put("isRunning", JsonPrimitive(activity.isRunning))
+                  put("isCycling", JsonPrimitive(activity.isCycling))
+                  put("isAutomotive", JsonPrimitive(activity.isAutomotive))
+                  put("isStationary", JsonPrimitive(activity.isStationary))
+                  put("isUnknown", JsonPrimitive(activity.isUnknown))
+                },
+              )
+            },
+          )
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: IllegalArgumentException) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(code = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE", message = err.message ?: "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE")
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "motion activity failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  suspend fun handleMotionPedometer(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasPermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "MOTION_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "MOTION_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Motion permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parsePedometerRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    return try {
+      val payload = dataSource.pedometer(appContext, request)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put("startISO", JsonPrimitive(payload.startISO))
+          put("endISO", JsonPrimitive(payload.endISO))
+          payload.steps?.let { put("steps", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+          payload.distanceMeters?.let { put("distanceMeters", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+          payload.floorsAscended?.let { put("floorsAscended", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+          payload.floorsDescended?.let { put("floorsDescended", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+        }.toString(),
+      )
+    } catch (err: IllegalArgumentException) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(code = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE", message = err.message ?: "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE")
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "MOTION_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "pedometer query failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  fun isAvailable(): Boolean = dataSource.isAvailable(appContext)
+
+  fun isActivityAvailable(): Boolean = dataSource.isActivityAvailable(appContext)
+
+  fun isPedometerAvailable(): Boolean = dataSource.isPedometerAvailable(appContext)
+
+  private fun parseActivityRequest(paramsJson: String?): MotionActivityRequest? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      return MotionActivityRequest(startISO = null, endISO = null, limit = 200)
+    }
+    val params =
+      try {
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    val limit = ((params["limit"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toIntOrNull() ?: 200).coerceIn(1, 1000)
+    return MotionActivityRequest(
+      startISO = (params["startISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      endISO = (params["endISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      limit = limit,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun parsePedometerRequest(paramsJson: String?): MotionPedometerRequest? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      return MotionPedometerRequest(startISO = null, endISO = null)
+    }
+    val params =
+      try {
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+    return MotionPedometerRequest(
+      startISO = (params["startISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      endISO = (params["endISO"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+    )
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    fun isMotionCapabilityAvailable(context: Context): Boolean = SystemMotionDataSource.isAvailable(context)
+
+    internal fun forTesting(
+      appContext: Context,
+      dataSource: MotionDataSource,
+    ): MotionHandler = MotionHandler(appContext = appContext, dataSource = dataSource)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/NodeUtils.kt

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.node
 
 import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.parseInvokeErrorFromThrowable
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonElement
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonNull
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.contentOrNull
 
 const val DEFAULT_SEAM_COLOR_ARGB: Long = 0xFF4F7A9A
 
@@ -21,6 +23,35 @@ fun String.toJsonString(): String {
 
 fun JsonElement?.asObjectOrNull(): JsonObject? = this as? JsonObject
 
+fun parseJsonParamsObject(paramsJson: String?): JsonObject? {
+  if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) return null
+  return try {
+    Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+  } catch (_: Throwable) {
+    null
+  }
+}
+
+fun readJsonPrimitive(params: JsonObject?, key: String): JsonPrimitive? = params?.get(key) as? JsonPrimitive
+
+fun parseJsonInt(params: JsonObject?, key: String): Int? =
+  readJsonPrimitive(params, key)?.contentOrNull?.toIntOrNull()
+
+fun parseJsonDouble(params: JsonObject?, key: String): Double? =
+  readJsonPrimitive(params, key)?.contentOrNull?.toDoubleOrNull()
+
+fun parseJsonString(params: JsonObject?, key: String): String? =
+  readJsonPrimitive(params, key)?.contentOrNull
+
+fun parseJsonBooleanFlag(params: JsonObject?, key: String): Boolean? {
+  val value = readJsonPrimitive(params, key)?.contentOrNull?.trim()?.lowercase() ?: return null
+  return when (value) {
+    "true" -> true
+    "false" -> false
+    else -> null
+  }
+}
+
 fun JsonElement?.asStringOrNull(): String? =
   when (this) {
     is JsonNull -> null

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/NotificationsHandler.kt

@@ -131,20 +131,7 @@ class NotificationsHandler private constructor(
       put(
         "notifications",
         JsonArray(
-          snapshot.notifications.map { entry ->
-            buildJsonObject {
-              put("key", JsonPrimitive(entry.key))
-              put("packageName", JsonPrimitive(entry.packageName))
-              put("postTimeMs", JsonPrimitive(entry.postTimeMs))
-              put("isOngoing", JsonPrimitive(entry.isOngoing))
-              put("isClearable", JsonPrimitive(entry.isClearable))
-              entry.title?.let { put("title", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
-              entry.text?.let { put("text", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
-              entry.subText?.let { put("subText", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
-              entry.category?.let { put("category", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
-              entry.channelId?.let { put("channelId", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
-            }
-          },
+          snapshot.notifications.map { entry -> entry.toJsonObject() },
         ),
       )
     }.toString()

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/PhotosHandler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.content.ContentResolver
+import android.content.ContentUris
+import android.content.Context
+import android.graphics.Bitmap
+import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
+import android.net.Uri
+import android.os.Build
+import android.os.Bundle
+import android.provider.MediaStore
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.graphics.scale
+import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
+import java.time.Instant
+import kotlin.math.max
+import kotlin.math.roundToInt
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.buildJsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.put
+
+private const val DEFAULT_PHOTOS_LIMIT = 1
+private const val DEFAULT_PHOTOS_MAX_WIDTH = 1600
+private const val DEFAULT_PHOTOS_QUALITY = 0.85
+private const val MAX_TOTAL_BASE64_CHARS = 340 * 1024
+private const val MAX_PER_PHOTO_BASE64_CHARS = 300 * 1024
+
+internal data class PhotosLatestRequest(
+  val limit: Int,
+  val maxWidth: Int,
+  val quality: Double,
+)
+
+internal data class EncodedPhotoPayload(
+  val format: String,
+  val base64: String,
+  val width: Int,
+  val height: Int,
+  val createdAt: String?,
+)
+
+internal interface PhotosDataSource {
+  fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean
+
+  fun latest(context: Context, request: PhotosLatestRequest): List<EncodedPhotoPayload>
+}
+
+private object SystemPhotosDataSource : PhotosDataSource {
+  override fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+    val permission =
+      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+        Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
+      } else {
+        Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
+      }
+    return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+  }
+
+  override fun latest(context: Context, request: PhotosLatestRequest): List<EncodedPhotoPayload> {
+    val resolver = context.contentResolver
+    val rows = queryLatestRows(resolver, request.limit)
+    if (rows.isEmpty()) return emptyList()
+
+    var remainingBudget = MAX_TOTAL_BASE64_CHARS
+    val out = mutableListOf<EncodedPhotoPayload>()
+    for (row in rows) {
+      if (remainingBudget <= 0) break
+      val bitmap = decodeScaledBitmap(resolver, row.uri, request.maxWidth) ?: continue
+      val encoded = encodeJpegUnderBudget(bitmap, request.quality, MAX_PER_PHOTO_BASE64_CHARS) ?: continue
+      if (encoded.base64.length > remainingBudget) break
+      remainingBudget -= encoded.base64.length
+      out +=
+        EncodedPhotoPayload(
+          format = "jpeg",
+          base64 = encoded.base64,
+          width = encoded.width,
+          height = encoded.height,
+          createdAt = row.createdAtMs?.let { Instant.ofEpochMilli(it).toString() },
+        )
+    }
+    return out
+  }
+
+  private data class PhotoRow(
+    val uri: Uri,
+    val createdAtMs: Long?,
+  )
+
+  private data class EncodedJpeg(
+    val base64: String,
+    val width: Int,
+    val height: Int,
+  )
+
+  private fun queryLatestRows(resolver: ContentResolver, limit: Int): List<PhotoRow> {
+    val projection =
+      arrayOf(
+        MediaStore.Images.Media._ID,
+        MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_TAKEN,
+        MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_ADDED,
+      )
+    val sortOrder =
+      "${MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_TAKEN} DESC, ${MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_ADDED} DESC"
+    val args =
+      Bundle().apply {
+        putString(ContentResolver.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SORT_ORDER, sortOrder)
+        putInt(ContentResolver.QUERY_ARG_LIMIT, limit)
+      }
+
+    resolver.query(
+      MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
+      projection,
+      args,
+      null,
+    ).use { cursor ->
+      if (cursor == null) return emptyList()
+      val idIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)
+      val takenIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_TAKEN)
+      val addedIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_ADDED)
+      val rows = mutableListOf<PhotoRow>()
+      while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
+        val id = cursor.getLong(idIndex)
+        val takenMs = cursor.getLong(takenIndex).takeIf { it > 0L }
+        val addedMs = cursor.getLong(addedIndex).takeIf { it > 0L }?.times(1000L)
+        rows +=
+          PhotoRow(
+            uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, id),
+            createdAtMs = takenMs ?: addedMs,
+          )
+      }
+      return rows
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun decodeScaledBitmap(
+    resolver: ContentResolver,
+    uri: Uri,
+    maxWidth: Int,
+  ): Bitmap? {
+    val bounds = BitmapFactory.Options().apply { inJustDecodeBounds = true }
+    resolver.openInputStream(uri).use { input ->
+      if (input == null) return null
+      BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, bounds)
+    }
+    if (bounds.outWidth <= 0 || bounds.outHeight <= 0) return null
+
+    val inSampleSize = computeInSampleSize(bounds.outWidth, maxWidth)
+    val decodeOptions = BitmapFactory.Options().apply { this.inSampleSize = inSampleSize }
+    val decoded =
+      resolver.openInputStream(uri).use { input ->
+        if (input == null) return null
+        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input, null, decodeOptions)
+      } ?: return null
+
+    if (decoded.width <= maxWidth) return decoded
+    val targetHeight = max(1, ((decoded.height.toDouble() * maxWidth) / decoded.width).roundToInt())
+    return decoded.scale(maxWidth, targetHeight, true)
+  }
+
+  private fun computeInSampleSize(width: Int, maxWidth: Int): Int {
+    var sample = 1
+    var candidate = width
+    while (candidate > maxWidth && sample < 64) {
+      sample *= 2
+      candidate = width / sample
+    }
+    return sample
+  }
+
+  private fun encodeJpegUnderBudget(
+    bitmap: Bitmap,
+    quality: Double,
+    maxBase64Chars: Int,
+  ): EncodedJpeg? {
+    var working = bitmap
+    var jpegQuality = (quality.coerceIn(0.1, 1.0) * 100.0).roundToInt().coerceIn(10, 100)
+    repeat(10) {
+      val out = ByteArrayOutputStream()
+      val ok = working.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, jpegQuality, out)
+      if (!ok) return null
+      val bytes = out.toByteArray()
+      val base64 = android.util.Base64.encodeToString(bytes, android.util.Base64.NO_WRAP)
+      if (base64.length <= maxBase64Chars) {
+        return EncodedJpeg(
+          base64 = base64,
+          width = working.width,
+          height = working.height,
+        )
+      }
+      if (jpegQuality > 35) {
+        jpegQuality = max(25, jpegQuality - 15)
+        return@repeat
+      }
+      val nextWidth = max(240, (working.width * 0.75f).roundToInt())
+      if (nextWidth >= working.width) return null
+      val nextHeight = max(1, ((working.height.toDouble() * nextWidth) / working.width).roundToInt())
+      working = working.scale(nextWidth, nextHeight, true)
+    }
+    return null
+  }
+}
+
+class PhotosHandler private constructor(
+  private val appContext: Context,
+  private val dataSource: PhotosDataSource,
+) {
+  constructor(appContext: Context) : this(appContext = appContext, dataSource = SystemPhotosDataSource)
+
+  fun handlePhotosLatest(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    if (!dataSource.hasPermission(appContext)) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "PHOTOS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+        message = "PHOTOS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Photos permission",
+      )
+    }
+    val request =
+      parseRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object",
+        )
+    return try {
+      val photos = dataSource.latest(appContext, request)
+      val payload =
+        buildJsonObject {
+          put(
+            "photos",
+            buildJsonArray {
+              photos.forEach { photo ->
+                add(
+                  buildJsonObject {
+                    put("format", JsonPrimitive(photo.format))
+                    put("base64", JsonPrimitive(photo.base64))
+                    put("width", JsonPrimitive(photo.width))
+                    put("height", JsonPrimitive(photo.height))
+                    photo.createdAt?.let { put("createdAt", JsonPrimitive(it)) }
+                  },
+                )
+              }
+            },
+          )
+        }.toString()
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(payload)
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "PHOTOS_UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "PHOTOS_UNAVAILABLE: ${err.message ?: "photo fetch failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun parseRequest(paramsJson: String?): PhotosLatestRequest? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
+      return PhotosLatestRequest(
+        limit = DEFAULT_PHOTOS_LIMIT,
+        maxWidth = DEFAULT_PHOTOS_MAX_WIDTH,
+        quality = DEFAULT_PHOTOS_QUALITY,
+      )
+    }
+    val params =
+      try {
+        Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {
+        null
+      } ?: return null
+
+    val limitRaw = (params["limit"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toIntOrNull()
+    val maxWidthRaw = (params["maxWidth"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toIntOrNull()
+    val qualityRaw = (params["quality"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.content?.toDoubleOrNull()
+
+    val limit = (limitRaw ?: DEFAULT_PHOTOS_LIMIT).coerceIn(1, 20)
+    val maxWidth = (maxWidthRaw ?: DEFAULT_PHOTOS_MAX_WIDTH).coerceIn(240, 4096)
+    val quality = (qualityRaw ?: DEFAULT_PHOTOS_QUALITY).coerceIn(0.1, 1.0)
+    return PhotosLatestRequest(limit = limit, maxWidth = maxWidth, quality = quality)
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    internal fun forTesting(
+      appContext: Context,
+      dataSource: PhotosDataSource,
+    ): PhotosHandler = PhotosHandler(appContext = appContext, dataSource = dataSource)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/ScreenRecordManager.kt

@@ -10,10 +10,7 @@ import ai.openclaw.android.ScreenCaptureRequester
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
-import kotlinx.serialization.json.contentOrNull
 import java.io.File
 import kotlin.math.roundToInt
 
@@ -39,7 +36,7 @@ class ScreenRecordManager(private val context: Context) {
             "SCREEN_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Screen Recording permission",
           )
 
-      val params = parseParamsObject(paramsJson)
+      val params = parseJsonParamsObject(paramsJson)
       val durationMs = (parseDurationMs(params) ?: 10_000).coerceIn(250, 60_000)
       val fps = (parseFps(params) ?: 10.0).coerceIn(1.0, 60.0)
       val fpsInt = fps.roundToInt().coerceIn(1, 60)
@@ -146,38 +143,19 @@ class ScreenRecordManager(private val context: Context) {
     }
   }
 
-  private fun parseParamsObject(paramsJson: String?): JsonObject? {
-    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) return null
-    return try {
-      Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
-    } catch (_: Throwable) {
-      null
-    }
-  }
-
-  private fun readPrimitive(params: JsonObject?, key: String): JsonPrimitive? =
-    params?.get(key) as? JsonPrimitive
-
   private fun parseDurationMs(params: JsonObject?): Int? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "durationMs")?.contentOrNull?.toIntOrNull()
+    parseJsonInt(params, "durationMs")
 
   private fun parseFps(params: JsonObject?): Double? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "fps")?.contentOrNull?.toDoubleOrNull()
+    parseJsonDouble(params, "fps")
 
   private fun parseScreenIndex(params: JsonObject?): Int? =
-    readPrimitive(params, "screenIndex")?.contentOrNull?.toIntOrNull()
+    parseJsonInt(params, "screenIndex")
 
-  private fun parseIncludeAudio(params: JsonObject?): Boolean? {
-    val value = readPrimitive(params, "includeAudio")?.contentOrNull?.trim()?.lowercase()
-    return when (value) {
-      "true" -> true
-      "false" -> false
-      else -> null
-    }
-  }
+  private fun parseIncludeAudio(params: JsonObject?): Boolean? = parseJsonBooleanFlag(params, "includeAudio")
 
   private fun parseString(params: JsonObject?, key: String): String? =
-    readPrimitive(params, key)?.contentOrNull
+    parseJsonString(params, key)
 
   private fun estimateBitrate(width: Int, height: Int, fps: Int): Int {
     val pixels = width.toLong() * height.toLong()

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/SystemHandler.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.Manifest
+import android.app.NotificationChannel
+import android.app.NotificationManager
+import android.content.Context
+import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.os.Build
+import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
+import androidx.core.app.NotificationManagerCompat
+import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import ai.openclaw.android.gateway.GatewaySession
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonPrimitive
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.contentOrNull
+
+private const val NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_BASE_ID = "openclaw.system.notify"
+
+internal data class SystemNotifyRequest(
+  val title: String,
+  val body: String,
+  val sound: String?,
+  val priority: String?,
+)
+
+internal interface SystemNotificationPoster {
+  fun isAuthorized(): Boolean
+
+  fun post(request: SystemNotifyRequest)
+}
+
+private class AndroidSystemNotificationPoster(
+  private val appContext: Context,
+) : SystemNotificationPoster {
+  override fun isAuthorized(): Boolean {
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+      val granted =
+        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(appContext, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+      if (!granted) return false
+    }
+    return NotificationManagerCompat.from(appContext).areNotificationsEnabled()
+  }
+
+  override fun post(request: SystemNotifyRequest) {
+    val channelId = ensureChannel(request.priority)
+    val silent = isSilentSound(request.sound)
+    val notification =
+      NotificationCompat.Builder(appContext, channelId)
+        .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_dialog_info)
+        .setContentTitle(request.title)
+        .setContentText(request.body)
+        .setPriority(compatPriority(request.priority))
+        .setAutoCancel(true)
+        .setOnlyAlertOnce(true)
+        .setSilent(silent)
+        .build()
+    if (
+      Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33 &&
+      ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(appContext, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) !=
+      PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+    ) {
+      throw SecurityException("notifications permission missing")
+    }
+    NotificationManagerCompat.from(appContext).notify((System.currentTimeMillis() and 0x7FFFFFFF).toInt(), notification)
+  }
+
+  private fun ensureChannel(priority: String?): String {
+    val normalizedPriority = priority.orEmpty().trim().lowercase()
+    val (suffix, importance, name) =
+      when (normalizedPriority) {
+        "passive" -> Triple("passive", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW, "OpenClaw Passive")
+        "timesensitive" -> Triple("timesensitive", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH, "OpenClaw Time Sensitive")
+        else -> Triple("active", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT, "OpenClaw Active")
+      }
+    val channelId = "$NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_BASE_ID.$suffix"
+    val manager = appContext.getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java)
+    val existing = manager.getNotificationChannel(channelId)
+    if (existing == null) {
+      manager.createNotificationChannel(NotificationChannel(channelId, name, importance))
+    }
+    return channelId
+  }
+
+  private fun compatPriority(priority: String?): Int {
+    return when (priority.orEmpty().trim().lowercase()) {
+      "passive" -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW
+      "timesensitive" -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH
+      else -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun isSilentSound(sound: String?): Boolean {
+    val normalized = sound?.trim()?.lowercase() ?: return false
+    return normalized in setOf("none", "silent", "off", "false", "0")
+  }
+}
+
+class SystemHandler private constructor(
+  private val poster: SystemNotificationPoster,
+) {
+  constructor(appContext: Context) : this(poster = AndroidSystemNotificationPoster(appContext))
+
+  fun handleSystemNotify(paramsJson: String?): GatewaySession.InvokeResult {
+    val params =
+      parseNotifyRequest(paramsJson)
+        ?: return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+          code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+          message = "INVALID_REQUEST: expected JSON object with title/body",
+        )
+    if (params.title.isEmpty() && params.body.isEmpty()) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+        message = "INVALID_REQUEST: empty notification",
+      )
+    }
+    if (!poster.isAuthorized()) {
+      return GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "NOT_AUTHORIZED",
+        message = "NOT_AUTHORIZED: notifications",
+      )
+    }
+    return try {
+      poster.post(params)
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok(null)
+    } catch (_: SecurityException) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "NOT_AUTHORIZED",
+        message = "NOT_AUTHORIZED: notifications",
+      )
+    } catch (err: Throwable) {
+      GatewaySession.InvokeResult.error(
+        code = "UNAVAILABLE",
+        message = "NOTIFICATION_FAILED: ${err.message ?: "notification post failed"}",
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun parseNotifyRequest(paramsJson: String?): SystemNotifyRequest? {
+    val params = parseParamsObject(paramsJson) ?: return null
+    val rawTitle =
+      (params["title"] as? JsonPrimitive)
+        ?.contentOrNull
+        ?: return null
+    val rawBody =
+      (params["body"] as? JsonPrimitive)
+        ?.contentOrNull
+        ?: return null
+    val sound = (params["sound"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.contentOrNull
+    val priority = (params["priority"] as? JsonPrimitive)?.contentOrNull
+    return SystemNotifyRequest(
+      title = rawTitle.trim(),
+      body = rawBody.trim(),
+      sound = sound?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+      priority = priority?.trim()?.ifEmpty { null },
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun parseParamsObject(paramsJson: String?): JsonObject? {
+    if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) return null
+    return try {
+      Json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson).asObjectOrNull()
+    } catch (_: Throwable) {
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    internal fun forTesting(poster: SystemNotificationPoster): SystemHandler = SystemHandler(poster)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/protocol/OpenClawProtocolConstants.kt

@@ -8,6 +8,13 @@ enum class OpenClawCapability(val rawValue: String) {
   VoiceWake("voiceWake"),
   Location("location"),
   Device("device"),
+  Notifications("notifications"),
+  System("system"),
+  AppUpdate("appUpdate"),
+  Photos("photos"),
+  Contacts("contacts"),
+  Calendar("calendar"),
+  Motion("motion"),
 }
 
 enum class OpenClawCanvasCommand(val rawValue: String) {
@@ -93,3 +100,51 @@ enum class OpenClawNotificationsCommand(val rawValue: String) {
     const val NamespacePrefix: String = "notifications."
   }
 }
+
+enum class OpenClawSystemCommand(val rawValue: String) {
+  Notify("system.notify"),
+  ;
+
+  companion object {
+    const val NamespacePrefix: String = "system."
+  }
+}
+
+enum class OpenClawPhotosCommand(val rawValue: String) {
+  Latest("photos.latest"),
+  ;
+
+  companion object {
+    const val NamespacePrefix: String = "photos."
+  }
+}
+
+enum class OpenClawContactsCommand(val rawValue: String) {
+  Search("contacts.search"),
+  Add("contacts.add"),
+  ;
+
+  companion object {
+    const val NamespacePrefix: String = "contacts."
+  }
+}
+
+enum class OpenClawCalendarCommand(val rawValue: String) {
+  Events("calendar.events"),
+  Add("calendar.add"),
+  ;
+
+  companion object {
+    const val NamespacePrefix: String = "calendar."
+  }
+}
+
+enum class OpenClawMotionCommand(val rawValue: String) {
+  Activity("motion.activity"),
+  Pedometer("motion.pedometer"),
+  ;
+
+  companion object {
+    const val NamespacePrefix: String = "motion."
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/OnboardingFlow.kt

@@ -2,8 +2,13 @@ package ai.openclaw.android.ui
 
 import android.Manifest
 import android.content.Context
+import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.hardware.Sensor
+import android.hardware.SensorManager
+import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Build
+import android.provider.Settings
 import androidx.activity.compose.rememberLauncherForActivityResult
 import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
 import androidx.compose.animation.AnimatedVisibility
@@ -55,6 +60,7 @@ import androidx.compose.material.icons.automirrored.filled.ArrowBack
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.ExpandLess
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.ExpandMore
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.DisposableEffect
 import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
@@ -74,9 +80,14 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.net.toUri
+import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
+import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
+import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LocalLifecycleOwner
 import ai.openclaw.android.LocationMode
 import ai.openclaw.android.MainViewModel
 import ai.openclaw.android.R
+import ai.openclaw.android.node.DeviceNotificationListenerService
 import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.ScanContract
 import com.journeyapps.barcodescanner.ScanOptions
 
@@ -92,6 +103,24 @@ private enum class GatewayInputMode {
   Manual,
 }
 
+private enum class PermissionToggle {
+  Discovery,
+  Location,
+  Notifications,
+  Microphone,
+  Camera,
+  Photos,
+  Contacts,
+  Calendar,
+  Motion,
+  Sms,
+}
+
+private enum class SpecialAccessToggle {
+  NotificationListener,
+  AppUpdates,
+}
+
 private val onboardingBackgroundGradient =
   listOf(
     Color(0xFFFFFFFF),
@@ -204,53 +233,245 @@ fun OnboardingFlow(viewModel: MainViewModel, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
   var gatewayError by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf<String?>(null) }
   var attemptedConnect by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
 
-  var enableDiscovery by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(true) }
-  var enableNotifications by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(true) }
-  var enableMicrophone by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
-  var enableCamera by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
-  var enableSms by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
 
   val smsAvailable =
     remember(context) {
       context.packageManager?.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY) == true
     }
-
-  val selectedPermissions =
-    remember(
-      context,
-      enableDiscovery,
-      enableNotifications,
-      enableMicrophone,
-      enableCamera,
-      enableSms,
-      smsAvailable,
-    ) {
-      val requested = mutableListOf<String>()
-      if (enableDiscovery) {
-        requested += if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) Manifest.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES else Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
-      }
-      if (enableNotifications && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) requested += Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS
-      if (enableMicrophone) requested += Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
-      if (enableCamera) requested += Manifest.permission.CAMERA
-      if (enableSms && smsAvailable) requested += Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS
-      requested.filterNot { isPermissionGranted(context, it) }
+  val motionAvailable =
+    remember(context) {
+      hasMotionCapabilities(context)
+    }
+  val motionPermissionRequired = true
+  val notificationsPermissionRequired = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33
+  val discoveryPermission =
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+      Manifest.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES
+    } else {
+      Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
+    }
+  val photosPermission =
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
+    } else {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
     }
 
+  var enableDiscovery by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(isPermissionGranted(context, discoveryPermission))
+    }
+  var enableLocation by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enableNotifications by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        !notificationsPermissionRequired ||
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS),
+      )
+    }
+  var enableNotificationListener by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(isNotificationListenerEnabled(context))
+    }
+  var enableAppUpdates by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(canInstallUnknownApps(context))
+    }
+  var enableMicrophone by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enableCamera by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enablePhotos by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enableContacts by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enableCalendar by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
+  var enableMotion by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        motionAvailable &&
+          (!motionPermissionRequired || isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION)),
+      )
+    }
+  var enableSms by
+    rememberSaveable {
+      mutableStateOf(smsAvailable && isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS))
+    }
+
+  var pendingPermissionToggle by remember { mutableStateOf<PermissionToggle?>(null) }
+  var pendingSpecialAccessToggle by remember { mutableStateOf<SpecialAccessToggle?>(null) }
+
+  fun setPermissionToggleEnabled(toggle: PermissionToggle, enabled: Boolean) {
+    when (toggle) {
+      PermissionToggle.Discovery -> enableDiscovery = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Location -> enableLocation = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Notifications -> enableNotifications = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Microphone -> enableMicrophone = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Camera -> enableCamera = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Photos -> enablePhotos = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Contacts -> enableContacts = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Calendar -> enableCalendar = enabled
+      PermissionToggle.Motion -> enableMotion = enabled && motionAvailable
+      PermissionToggle.Sms -> enableSms = enabled && smsAvailable
+    }
+  }
+
+  fun isPermissionToggleGranted(toggle: PermissionToggle): Boolean =
+    when (toggle) {
+      PermissionToggle.Discovery -> isPermissionGranted(context, discoveryPermission)
+      PermissionToggle.Location ->
+        isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ||
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
+      PermissionToggle.Notifications ->
+        !notificationsPermissionRequired ||
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+      PermissionToggle.Microphone -> isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
+      PermissionToggle.Camera -> isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
+      PermissionToggle.Photos -> isPermissionGranted(context, photosPermission)
+      PermissionToggle.Contacts ->
+        isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) &&
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS)
+      PermissionToggle.Calendar ->
+        isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR) &&
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR)
+      PermissionToggle.Motion ->
+        !motionAvailable ||
+          !motionPermissionRequired ||
+          isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION)
+      PermissionToggle.Sms ->
+        !smsAvailable || isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS)
+    }
+
+  fun setSpecialAccessToggleEnabled(toggle: SpecialAccessToggle, enabled: Boolean) {
+    when (toggle) {
+      SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener -> enableNotificationListener = enabled
+      SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates -> enableAppUpdates = enabled
+    }
+  }
+
   val enabledPermissionSummary =
-    remember(enableDiscovery, enableNotifications, enableMicrophone, enableCamera, enableSms, smsAvailable) {
+    remember(
+      enableDiscovery,
+      enableLocation,
+      enableNotifications,
+      enableNotificationListener,
+      enableAppUpdates,
+      enableMicrophone,
+      enableCamera,
+      enablePhotos,
+      enableContacts,
+      enableCalendar,
+      enableMotion,
+      enableSms,
+      smsAvailable,
+      motionAvailable,
+    ) {
       val enabled = mutableListOf<String>()
       if (enableDiscovery) enabled += "Gateway discovery"
-      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33 && enableNotifications) enabled += "Notifications"
+      if (enableLocation) enabled += "Location"
+      if (enableNotifications) enabled += "Notifications"
+      if (enableNotificationListener) enabled += "Notification listener"
+      if (enableAppUpdates) enabled += "App updates"
       if (enableMicrophone) enabled += "Microphone"
       if (enableCamera) enabled += "Camera"
+      if (enablePhotos) enabled += "Photos"
+      if (enableContacts) enabled += "Contacts"
+      if (enableCalendar) enabled += "Calendar"
+      if (enableMotion && motionAvailable) enabled += "Motion"
       if (smsAvailable && enableSms) enabled += "SMS"
       if (enabled.isEmpty()) "None selected" else enabled.joinToString(", ")
     }
 
-  val permissionLauncher =
-    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) {
-      step = OnboardingStep.FinalCheck
+  val proceedFromPermissions: () -> Unit = proceed@{
+    var openedSpecialSetup = false
+    if (enableNotificationListener && !isNotificationListenerEnabled(context)) {
+      openNotificationListenerSettings(context)
+      openedSpecialSetup = true
     }
+    if (enableAppUpdates && !canInstallUnknownApps(context)) {
+      openUnknownAppSourcesSettings(context)
+      openedSpecialSetup = true
+    }
+    if (openedSpecialSetup) {
+      return@proceed
+    }
+    step = OnboardingStep.FinalCheck
+  }
+
+  val togglePermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) {
+      val pendingToggle = pendingPermissionToggle ?: return@rememberLauncherForActivityResult
+      setPermissionToggleEnabled(pendingToggle, isPermissionToggleGranted(pendingToggle))
+      pendingPermissionToggle = null
+    }
+
+  val requestPermissionToggle: (PermissionToggle, Boolean, List<String>) -> Unit =
+    request@{ toggle, enabled, permissions ->
+      if (!enabled) {
+        setPermissionToggleEnabled(toggle, false)
+        return@request
+      }
+      if (isPermissionToggleGranted(toggle)) {
+        setPermissionToggleEnabled(toggle, true)
+        return@request
+      }
+      val missing = permissions.distinct().filterNot { isPermissionGranted(context, it) }
+      if (missing.isEmpty()) {
+        setPermissionToggleEnabled(toggle, isPermissionToggleGranted(toggle))
+        return@request
+      }
+      pendingPermissionToggle = toggle
+      togglePermissionLauncher.launch(missing.toTypedArray())
+    }
+
+  val requestSpecialAccessToggle: (SpecialAccessToggle, Boolean) -> Unit =
+    request@{ toggle, enabled ->
+      if (!enabled) {
+        setSpecialAccessToggleEnabled(toggle, false)
+        pendingSpecialAccessToggle = null
+        return@request
+      }
+      val grantedNow =
+        when (toggle) {
+          SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener -> isNotificationListenerEnabled(context)
+          SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates -> canInstallUnknownApps(context)
+        }
+      if (grantedNow) {
+        setSpecialAccessToggleEnabled(toggle, true)
+        pendingSpecialAccessToggle = null
+        return@request
+      }
+      pendingSpecialAccessToggle = toggle
+      when (toggle) {
+        SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener -> openNotificationListenerSettings(context)
+        SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates -> openUnknownAppSourcesSettings(context)
+      }
+    }
+
+  DisposableEffect(lifecycleOwner, context, pendingSpecialAccessToggle) {
+    val observer =
+      LifecycleEventObserver { _, event ->
+        if (event != Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME) {
+          return@LifecycleEventObserver
+        }
+        when (pendingSpecialAccessToggle) {
+          SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener -> {
+            setSpecialAccessToggleEnabled(
+              SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener,
+              isNotificationListenerEnabled(context),
+            )
+            pendingSpecialAccessToggle = null
+          }
+          SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates -> {
+            setSpecialAccessToggleEnabled(
+              SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates,
+              canInstallUnknownApps(context),
+            )
+            pendingSpecialAccessToggle = null
+          }
+          null -> Unit
+        }
+      }
+    lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)
+    onDispose { lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer) }
+  }
 
   val qrScanLauncher =
     rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ScanContract()) { result ->
@@ -382,17 +603,120 @@ fun OnboardingFlow(viewModel: MainViewModel, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
           OnboardingStep.Permissions ->
             PermissionsStep(
               enableDiscovery = enableDiscovery,
+              enableLocation = enableLocation,
               enableNotifications = enableNotifications,
+              enableNotificationListener = enableNotificationListener,
+              enableAppUpdates = enableAppUpdates,
               enableMicrophone = enableMicrophone,
               enableCamera = enableCamera,
+              enablePhotos = enablePhotos,
+              enableContacts = enableContacts,
+              enableCalendar = enableCalendar,
+              enableMotion = enableMotion,
+              motionAvailable = motionAvailable,
+              motionPermissionRequired = motionPermissionRequired,
               enableSms = enableSms,
               smsAvailable = smsAvailable,
               context = context,
-              onDiscoveryChange = { enableDiscovery = it },
-              onNotificationsChange = { enableNotifications = it },
-              onMicrophoneChange = { enableMicrophone = it },
-              onCameraChange = { enableCamera = it },
-              onSmsChange = { enableSms = it },
+              onDiscoveryChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Discovery,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(discoveryPermission),
+                )
+              },
+              onLocationChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Location,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(
+                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
+                    Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
+                  ),
+                )
+              },
+              onNotificationsChange = { checked ->
+                if (!notificationsPermissionRequired) {
+                  setPermissionToggleEnabled(PermissionToggle.Notifications, checked)
+                } else {
+                  requestPermissionToggle(
+                    PermissionToggle.Notifications,
+                    checked,
+                    listOf(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS),
+                  )
+                }
+              },
+              onNotificationListenerChange = { checked ->
+                requestSpecialAccessToggle(SpecialAccessToggle.NotificationListener, checked)
+              },
+              onAppUpdatesChange = { checked ->
+                requestSpecialAccessToggle(SpecialAccessToggle.AppUpdates, checked)
+              },
+              onMicrophoneChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Microphone,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO),
+                )
+              },
+              onCameraChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Camera,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(Manifest.permission.CAMERA),
+                )
+              },
+              onPhotosChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Photos,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(photosPermission),
+                )
+              },
+              onContactsChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Contacts,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(
+                    Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
+                    Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS,
+                  ),
+                )
+              },
+              onCalendarChange = { checked ->
+                requestPermissionToggle(
+                  PermissionToggle.Calendar,
+                  checked,
+                  listOf(
+                    Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR,
+                    Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR,
+                  ),
+                )
+              },
+              onMotionChange = { checked ->
+                if (!motionAvailable) {
+                  setPermissionToggleEnabled(PermissionToggle.Motion, false)
+                } else if (!motionPermissionRequired) {
+                  setPermissionToggleEnabled(PermissionToggle.Motion, checked)
+                } else {
+                  requestPermissionToggle(
+                    PermissionToggle.Motion,
+                    checked,
+                    listOf(Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION),
+                  )
+                }
+              },
+              onSmsChange = { checked ->
+                if (!smsAvailable) {
+                  setPermissionToggleEnabled(PermissionToggle.Sms, false)
+                } else {
+                  requestPermissionToggle(
+                    PermissionToggle.Sms,
+                    checked,
+                    listOf(Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS),
+                  )
+                }
+              },
             )
           OnboardingStep.FinalCheck ->
             FinalStep(
@@ -504,12 +828,8 @@ fun OnboardingFlow(viewModel: MainViewModel, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
             Button(
               onClick = {
                 viewModel.setCameraEnabled(enableCamera)
-                viewModel.setLocationMode(if (enableDiscovery) LocationMode.WhileUsing else LocationMode.Off)
-                if (selectedPermissions.isEmpty()) {
-                  step = OnboardingStep.FinalCheck
-                } else {
-                  permissionLauncher.launch(selectedPermissions.toTypedArray())
-                }
+                viewModel.setLocationMode(if (enableLocation) LocationMode.WhileUsing else LocationMode.Off)
+                proceedFromPermissions()
               },
               modifier = Modifier.weight(1f).height(52.dp),
               shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
@@ -1014,19 +1334,61 @@ private fun InlineDivider() {
 @Composable
 private fun PermissionsStep(
   enableDiscovery: Boolean,
+  enableLocation: Boolean,
   enableNotifications: Boolean,
+  enableNotificationListener: Boolean,
+  enableAppUpdates: Boolean,
   enableMicrophone: Boolean,
   enableCamera: Boolean,
+  enablePhotos: Boolean,
+  enableContacts: Boolean,
+  enableCalendar: Boolean,
+  enableMotion: Boolean,
+  motionAvailable: Boolean,
+  motionPermissionRequired: Boolean,
   enableSms: Boolean,
   smsAvailable: Boolean,
   context: Context,
   onDiscoveryChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onLocationChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
   onNotificationsChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onNotificationListenerChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onAppUpdatesChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
   onMicrophoneChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
   onCameraChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onPhotosChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onContactsChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onCalendarChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
+  onMotionChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
   onSmsChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
 ) {
   val discoveryPermission = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) Manifest.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES else Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
+  val locationGranted =
+    isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ||
+      isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)
+  val photosPermission =
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
+    } else {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
+    }
+  val contactsGranted =
+    isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) &&
+      isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS)
+  val calendarGranted =
+    isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR) &&
+      isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR)
+  val motionGranted =
+    if (!motionAvailable) {
+      false
+    } else if (!motionPermissionRequired) {
+      true
+    } else {
+      isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION)
+    }
+  val notificationListenerGranted = isNotificationListenerEnabled(context)
+  val appUpdatesGranted = canInstallUnknownApps(context)
+
   StepShell(title = "Permissions") {
     Text(
       "Enable only what you need now. You can change everything later in Settings.",
@@ -1041,16 +1403,40 @@ private fun PermissionsStep(
       onCheckedChange = onDiscoveryChange,
     )
     InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Location",
+      subtitle = "location.get (while app is open unless set to Always later)",
+      checked = enableLocation,
+      granted = locationGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onLocationChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
       PermissionToggleRow(
         title = "Notifications",
-        subtitle = "Foreground service + alerts",
+        subtitle = "system.notify and foreground alerts",
         checked = enableNotifications,
         granted = isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS),
         onCheckedChange = onNotificationsChange,
       )
       InlineDivider()
     }
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Notification listener",
+      subtitle = "notifications.list and notifications.actions (opens Android Settings)",
+      checked = enableNotificationListener,
+      granted = notificationListenerGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onNotificationListenerChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "App updates",
+      subtitle = "app.update install confirmation (opens Android Settings)",
+      checked = enableAppUpdates,
+      granted = appUpdatesGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onAppUpdatesChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
     PermissionToggleRow(
       title = "Microphone",
       subtitle = "Voice tab transcription",
@@ -1066,6 +1452,40 @@ private fun PermissionsStep(
       granted = isPermissionGranted(context, Manifest.permission.CAMERA),
       onCheckedChange = onCameraChange,
     )
+    InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Photos",
+      subtitle = "photos.latest",
+      checked = enablePhotos,
+      granted = isPermissionGranted(context, photosPermission),
+      onCheckedChange = onPhotosChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Contacts",
+      subtitle = "contacts.search and contacts.add",
+      checked = enableContacts,
+      granted = contactsGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onContactsChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Calendar",
+      subtitle = "calendar.events and calendar.add",
+      checked = enableCalendar,
+      granted = calendarGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onCalendarChange,
+    )
+    InlineDivider()
+    PermissionToggleRow(
+      title = "Motion",
+      subtitle = "motion.activity and motion.pedometer",
+      checked = enableMotion,
+      granted = motionGranted,
+      onCheckedChange = onMotionChange,
+      enabled = motionAvailable,
+      statusOverride = if (!motionAvailable) "Unavailable on this device" else null,
+    )
     if (smsAvailable) {
       InlineDivider()
       PermissionToggleRow(
@@ -1086,6 +1506,8 @@ private fun PermissionToggleRow(
   subtitle: String,
   checked: Boolean,
   granted: Boolean,
+  enabled: Boolean = true,
+  statusOverride: String? = null,
   onCheckedChange: (Boolean) -> Unit,
 ) {
   Row(
@@ -1097,7 +1519,7 @@ private fun PermissionToggleRow(
       Text(title, style = onboardingHeadlineStyle, color = onboardingText)
       Text(subtitle, style = onboardingCalloutStyle.copy(lineHeight = 18.sp), color = onboardingTextSecondary)
       Text(
-        if (granted) "Granted" else "Not granted",
+        statusOverride ?: if (granted) "Granted" else "Not granted",
         style = onboardingCaption1Style,
         color = if (granted) onboardingSuccess else onboardingTextSecondary,
       )
@@ -1105,6 +1527,7 @@ private fun PermissionToggleRow(
     Switch(
       checked = checked,
       onCheckedChange = onCheckedChange,
+      enabled = enabled,
       colors =
         SwitchDefaults.colors(
           checkedTrackColor = onboardingAccent,
@@ -1141,8 +1564,8 @@ private fun FinalStep(
       } else {
         GuideBlock(title = "Pairing Required") {
           Text("Run these on the gateway host:", style = onboardingCalloutStyle, color = onboardingTextSecondary)
-          CommandBlock("openclaw nodes pending")
-          CommandBlock("openclaw nodes approve <requestId>")
+          CommandBlock("openclaw devices list")
+          CommandBlock("openclaw devices approve <requestId>")
           Text("Then tap Connect again.", style = onboardingCalloutStyle, color = onboardingTextSecondary)
         }
       }
@@ -1207,3 +1630,48 @@ private fun Bullet(text: String) {
 private fun isPermissionGranted(context: Context, permission: String): Boolean {
   return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
 }
+
+private fun isNotificationListenerEnabled(context: Context): Boolean {
+  return DeviceNotificationListenerService.isAccessEnabled(context)
+}
+
+private fun canInstallUnknownApps(context: Context): Boolean {
+  return context.packageManager.canRequestPackageInstalls()
+}
+
+private fun openNotificationListenerSettings(context: Context) {
+  val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SETTINGS).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+  runCatching {
+    context.startActivity(intent)
+  }.getOrElse {
+    openAppSettings(context)
+  }
+}
+
+private fun openUnknownAppSourcesSettings(context: Context) {
+  val intent =
+    Intent(
+      Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES,
+      "package:${context.packageName}".toUri(),
+    ).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+  runCatching {
+    context.startActivity(intent)
+  }.getOrElse {
+    openAppSettings(context)
+  }
+}
+
+private fun openAppSettings(context: Context) {
+  val intent =
+    Intent(
+      Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS,
+      Uri.fromParts("package", context.packageName, null),
+    ).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+  context.startActivity(intent)
+}
+
+private fun hasMotionCapabilities(context: Context): Boolean {
+  val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java) ?: return false
+  return sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER) != null ||
+    sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER) != null
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/PostOnboardingTabs.kt

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
@@ -68,6 +69,11 @@ private enum class StatusVisual {
 fun PostOnboardingTabs(viewModel: MainViewModel, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
   var activeTab by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(HomeTab.Connect) }
 
+  // Stop TTS when user navigates away from voice tab
+  LaunchedEffect(activeTab) {
+    viewModel.setVoiceScreenActive(activeTab == HomeTab.Voice)
+  }
+
   val statusText by viewModel.statusText.collectAsState()
   val isConnected by viewModel.isConnected.collectAsState()
 

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/SettingsSheet.kt

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import android.Manifest
 import android.content.Context
 import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.hardware.Sensor
+import android.hardware.SensorManager
 import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Build
 import android.provider.Settings
@@ -60,12 +62,14 @@ import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.sp
 import androidx.compose.ui.unit.dp
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
+import androidx.core.net.toUri
 import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
 import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
 import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LocalLifecycleOwner
 import ai.openclaw.android.BuildConfig
 import ai.openclaw.android.LocationMode
 import ai.openclaw.android.MainViewModel
+import ai.openclaw.android.node.DeviceNotificationListenerService
 
 @Composable
 fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
@@ -162,6 +166,91 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
     remember {
       context.packageManager?.hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_TELEPHONY) == true
     }
+  val photosPermission =
+    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 33) {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES
+    } else {
+      Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
+    }
+  val motionPermissionRequired = true
+  val motionAvailable = remember(context) { hasMotionCapabilities(context) }
+
+  var notificationsPermissionGranted by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(hasNotificationsPermission(context))
+    }
+  val notificationsPermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted ->
+      notificationsPermissionGranted = granted
+    }
+
+  var notificationListenerEnabled by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(isNotificationListenerEnabled(context))
+    }
+
+  var photosPermissionGranted by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, photosPermission) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED,
+      )
+    }
+  val photosPermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted ->
+      photosPermissionGranted = granted
+    }
+
+  var contactsPermissionGranted by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
+          ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED,
+      )
+    }
+  val contactsPermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { perms ->
+      val readOk = perms[Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS] == true
+      val writeOk = perms[Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS] == true
+      contactsPermissionGranted = readOk && writeOk
+    }
+
+  var calendarPermissionGranted by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
+          ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED,
+      )
+    }
+  val calendarPermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { perms ->
+      val readOk = perms[Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR] == true
+      val writeOk = perms[Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR] == true
+      calendarPermissionGranted = readOk && writeOk
+    }
+
+  var motionPermissionGranted by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(
+        !motionPermissionRequired ||
+          ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION) ==
+          PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED,
+      )
+    }
+  val motionPermissionLauncher =
+    rememberLauncherForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()) { granted ->
+      motionPermissionGranted = granted
+    }
+
+  var appUpdateInstallEnabled by
+    remember {
+      mutableStateOf(canInstallUnknownApps(context))
+    }
+
   var smsPermissionGranted by
     remember {
       mutableStateOf(
@@ -182,6 +271,26 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
           micPermissionGranted =
             ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) ==
               PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+          notificationsPermissionGranted = hasNotificationsPermission(context)
+          notificationListenerEnabled = isNotificationListenerEnabled(context)
+          photosPermissionGranted =
+            ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, photosPermission) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+          contactsPermissionGranted =
+            ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
+              ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+          calendarPermissionGranted =
+            ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED &&
+              ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+          motionPermissionGranted =
+            !motionPermissionRequired ||
+              ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION) ==
+              PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+          appUpdateInstallEnabled = canInstallUnknownApps(context)
           smsPermissionGranted =
             ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS) ==
               PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
@@ -316,7 +425,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
       }
       item {
         ListItem(
-          modifier = settingsRowModifier(),
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
           colors = listItemColors,
           headlineContent = { Text("Microphone permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
           supportingContent = {
@@ -369,7 +478,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
       }
     item {
       ListItem(
-        modifier = settingsRowModifier(),
+        modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
         colors = listItemColors,
         headlineContent = { Text("Allow Camera", style = mobileHeadline) },
         supportingContent = { Text("Allows the gateway to request photos or short video clips (foreground only).", style = mobileCallout) },
@@ -402,7 +511,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
           else -> "Grant"
         }
       ListItem(
-        modifier = settingsRowModifier(),
+        modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
         colors = listItemColors,
         headlineContent = { Text("SMS Permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
         supportingContent = {
@@ -437,6 +546,254 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
 
       item { HorizontalDivider(color = mobileBorder) }
 
+    // Notifications
+      item {
+        Text(
+          "NOTIFICATIONS",
+          style = mobileCaption1.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold, letterSpacing = 1.sp),
+          color = mobileAccent,
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        val buttonLabel =
+          if (notificationsPermissionGranted) {
+            "Manage"
+          } else {
+            "Grant"
+          }
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("System Notifications", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Required for `system.notify` and Android foreground service alerts.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = {
+                if (notificationsPermissionGranted || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 33) {
+                  openAppSettings(context)
+                } else {
+                  notificationsPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS)
+                }
+              },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(buttonLabel, style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold))
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Notification Listener Access", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Required for `notifications.list` and `notifications.actions`.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = { openNotificationListenerSettings(context) },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(
+                if (notificationListenerEnabled) "Manage" else "Enable",
+                style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold),
+              )
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item { HorizontalDivider(color = mobileBorder) }
+
+    // Data access
+      item {
+        Text(
+          "DATA ACCESS",
+          style = mobileCaption1.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold, letterSpacing = 1.sp),
+          color = mobileAccent,
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Photos Permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Required for `photos.latest`.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = {
+                if (photosPermissionGranted) {
+                  openAppSettings(context)
+                } else {
+                  photosPermissionLauncher.launch(photosPermission)
+                }
+              },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(
+                if (photosPermissionGranted) "Manage" else "Grant",
+                style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold),
+              )
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Contacts Permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Required for `contacts.search` and `contacts.add`.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = {
+                if (contactsPermissionGranted) {
+                  openAppSettings(context)
+                } else {
+                  contactsPermissionLauncher.launch(arrayOf(Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS))
+                }
+              },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(
+                if (contactsPermissionGranted) "Manage" else "Grant",
+                style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold),
+              )
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Calendar Permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Required for `calendar.events` and `calendar.add`.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = {
+                if (calendarPermissionGranted) {
+                  openAppSettings(context)
+                } else {
+                  calendarPermissionLauncher.launch(arrayOf(Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR, Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR))
+                }
+              },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(
+                if (calendarPermissionGranted) "Manage" else "Grant",
+                style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold),
+              )
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        val motionButtonLabel =
+          when {
+            !motionAvailable -> "Unavailable"
+            !motionPermissionRequired -> "Manage"
+            motionPermissionGranted -> "Manage"
+            else -> "Grant"
+          }
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Motion Permission", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              if (!motionAvailable) {
+                "This device does not expose accelerometer or step-counter motion sensors."
+              } else {
+                "Required for `motion.activity` and `motion.pedometer`."
+              },
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = {
+                if (!motionAvailable) return@Button
+                if (!motionPermissionRequired || motionPermissionGranted) {
+                  openAppSettings(context)
+                } else {
+                  motionPermissionLauncher.launch(Manifest.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION)
+                }
+              },
+              enabled = motionAvailable,
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(motionButtonLabel, style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold))
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item { HorizontalDivider(color = mobileBorder) }
+
+    // System
+      item {
+        Text(
+          "SYSTEM",
+          style = mobileCaption1.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold, letterSpacing = 1.sp),
+          color = mobileAccent,
+        )
+      }
+      item {
+        ListItem(
+          modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
+          colors = listItemColors,
+          headlineContent = { Text("Install App Updates", style = mobileHeadline) },
+          supportingContent = {
+            Text(
+              "Enable install access for `app.update` package installs.",
+              style = mobileCallout,
+            )
+          },
+          trailingContent = {
+            Button(
+              onClick = { openUnknownAppSourcesSettings(context) },
+              colors = settingsPrimaryButtonColors(),
+              shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+            ) {
+              Text(
+                if (appUpdateInstallEnabled) "Manage" else "Enable",
+                style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold),
+              )
+            }
+          },
+        )
+      }
+      item { HorizontalDivider(color = mobileBorder) }
+
     // Location
       item {
         Text(
@@ -446,7 +803,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
         )
       }
       item {
-        Column(modifier = settingsRowModifier(), verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(0.dp)) {
+        Column(modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(), verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(0.dp)) {
           ListItem(
             modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
             colors = listItemColors,
@@ -521,7 +878,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
       }
     item {
       ListItem(
-        modifier = settingsRowModifier(),
+        modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
         colors = listItemColors,
         headlineContent = { Text("Prevent Sleep", style = mobileHeadline) },
         supportingContent = { Text("Keeps the screen awake while OpenClaw is open.", style = mobileCallout) },
@@ -541,7 +898,7 @@ fun SettingsSheet(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
       }
     item {
       ListItem(
-        modifier = settingsRowModifier(),
+        modifier = Modifier.settingsRowModifier(),
         colors = listItemColors,
         headlineContent = { Text("Debug Canvas Status", style = mobileHeadline) },
         supportingContent = { Text("Show status text in the canvas when debug is enabled.", style = mobileCallout) },
@@ -571,8 +928,8 @@ private fun settingsTextFieldColors() =
     cursorColor = mobileAccent,
   )
 
-private fun settingsRowModifier() =
-  Modifier
+private fun Modifier.settingsRowModifier() =
+  this
     .fillMaxWidth()
     .border(width = 1.dp, color = mobileBorder, shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp))
     .background(Color.White, RoundedCornerShape(14.dp))
@@ -603,3 +960,45 @@ private fun openAppSettings(context: Context) {
     )
   context.startActivity(intent)
 }
+
+private fun openNotificationListenerSettings(context: Context) {
+  val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_NOTIFICATION_LISTENER_SETTINGS)
+  runCatching {
+    context.startActivity(intent)
+  }.getOrElse {
+    openAppSettings(context)
+  }
+}
+
+private fun openUnknownAppSourcesSettings(context: Context) {
+  val intent =
+    Intent(
+      Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES,
+      "package:${context.packageName}".toUri(),
+    )
+  runCatching {
+    context.startActivity(intent)
+  }.getOrElse {
+    openAppSettings(context)
+  }
+}
+
+private fun hasNotificationsPermission(context: Context): Boolean {
+  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 33) return true
+  return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) ==
+    PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+}
+
+private fun isNotificationListenerEnabled(context: Context): Boolean {
+  return DeviceNotificationListenerService.isAccessEnabled(context)
+}
+
+private fun canInstallUnknownApps(context: Context): Boolean {
+  return context.packageManager.canRequestPackageInstalls()
+}
+
+private fun hasMotionCapabilities(context: Context): Boolean {
+  val sensorManager = context.getSystemService(SensorManager::class.java) ?: return false
+  return sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER) != null ||
+    sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER) != null
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/VoiceTabScreen.kt

@@ -10,12 +10,6 @@ import android.net.Uri
 import android.provider.Settings
 import androidx.activity.compose.rememberLauncherForActivityResult
 import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.LinearEasing
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.RepeatMode
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.animateFloat
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.infiniteRepeatable
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.rememberInfiniteTransition
-import androidx.compose.animation.core.tween
 import androidx.compose.foundation.BorderStroke
 import androidx.compose.foundation.background
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
@@ -27,14 +21,11 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.WindowInsets
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.WindowInsetsSides
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxWidth
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.height
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.heightIn
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.imePadding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.only
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.safeDrawing
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
-import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.width
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.windowInsetsPadding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn
 import androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.items
@@ -44,9 +35,13 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Mic
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.MicOff
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.automirrored.filled.VolumeOff
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.automirrored.filled.VolumeUp
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.ButtonDefaults
 import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
+import androidx.compose.material3.IconButton
+import androidx.compose.material3.IconButtonDefaults
 import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
@@ -74,9 +69,7 @@ import androidx.lifecycle.compose.LocalLifecycleOwner
 import ai.openclaw.android.MainViewModel
 import ai.openclaw.android.voice.VoiceConversationEntry
 import ai.openclaw.android.voice.VoiceConversationRole
-import kotlin.math.PI
 import kotlin.math.max
-import kotlin.math.sin
 
 @Composable
 fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
@@ -85,9 +78,10 @@ fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
   val activity = remember(context) { context.findActivity() }
   val listState = rememberLazyListState()
 
-  val isConnected by viewModel.isConnected.collectAsState()
   val gatewayStatus by viewModel.statusText.collectAsState()
   val micEnabled by viewModel.micEnabled.collectAsState()
+  val micCooldown by viewModel.micCooldown.collectAsState()
+  val speakerEnabled by viewModel.speakerEnabled.collectAsState()
   val micStatusText by viewModel.micStatusText.collectAsState()
   val micLiveTranscript by viewModel.micLiveTranscript.collectAsState()
   val micQueuedMessages by viewModel.micQueuedMessages.collectAsState()
@@ -109,7 +103,11 @@ fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
         }
       }
     lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)
-    onDispose { lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer) }
+    onDispose {
+      lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer)
+      // Stop TTS when leaving the voice screen
+      viewModel.setVoiceScreenActive(false)
+    }
   }
 
   val requestMicPermission =
@@ -138,33 +136,6 @@ fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
         .padding(horizontal = 20.dp, vertical = 14.dp),
     verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(10.dp),
   ) {
-    Row(
-      modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-      horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.SpaceBetween,
-      verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
-    ) {
-      Column(verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(4.dp)) {
-        Text(
-          "VOICE",
-          style = mobileCaption1.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold, letterSpacing = 1.sp),
-          color = mobileAccent,
-        )
-        Text("Voice mode", style = mobileTitle2, color = mobileText)
-      }
-      Surface(
-        shape = RoundedCornerShape(999.dp),
-        color = if (isConnected) mobileAccentSoft else mobileSurfaceStrong,
-        border = BorderStroke(1.dp, if (isConnected) mobileAccent.copy(alpha = 0.25f) else mobileBorderStrong),
-      ) {
-        Text(
-          if (isConnected) "Connected" else "Offline",
-          modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 6.dp),
-          style = mobileCaption1,
-          color = if (isConnected) mobileAccent else mobileTextSecondary,
-        )
-      }
-    }
-
     LazyColumn(
       state = listState,
       modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().weight(1f),
@@ -173,15 +144,31 @@ fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
     ) {
       if (micConversation.isEmpty() && !showThinkingBubble) {
         item {
-          Column(
-            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(top = 12.dp),
-            verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
+          Box(
+            modifier = Modifier.fillParentMaxHeight().fillMaxWidth(),
+            contentAlignment = Alignment.Center,
           ) {
-            Text(
-              "Tap the mic and speak. Each pause sends a turn automatically.",
-              style = mobileCallout,
-              color = mobileTextSecondary,
-            )
+            Column(
+              horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
+              verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(10.dp),
+            ) {
+              Icon(
+                imageVector = Icons.Default.Mic,
+                contentDescription = null,
+                modifier = Modifier.size(48.dp),
+                tint = mobileTextTertiary,
+              )
+              Text(
+                "Tap the mic to start",
+                style = mobileHeadline,
+                color = mobileTextSecondary,
+              )
+              Text(
+                "Each pause sends a turn automatically.",
+                style = mobileCallout,
+                color = mobileTextTertiary,
+              )
+            }
           }
         }
       }
@@ -197,122 +184,144 @@ fun VoiceTabScreen(viewModel: MainViewModel) {
       }
     }
 
-    Surface(
+    Column(
       modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-      shape = RoundedCornerShape(20.dp),
-      color = Color.White,
-      border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileBorder),
+      horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
+      verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(6.dp),
     ) {
-      Column(
-        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(horizontal = 14.dp, vertical = 12.dp),
-        horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally,
-        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
-      ) {
+      if (!micLiveTranscript.isNullOrBlank()) {
         Surface(
-          shape = RoundedCornerShape(999.dp),
-          color = mobileSurface,
-          border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileBorder),
+          modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+          shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
+          color = mobileAccentSoft,
+          border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileAccent.copy(alpha = 0.2f)),
         ) {
-          val queueCount = micQueuedMessages.size
-          val stateText =
-            when {
-              queueCount > 0 -> "$queueCount queued"
-              micIsSending -> "Sending"
-              micEnabled -> "Listening"
-              else -> "Mic off"
-            }
           Text(
-            "$gatewayStatus · $stateText",
-            modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 7.dp),
-            style = mobileCaption1,
-            color = mobileTextSecondary,
+            micLiveTranscript!!.trim(),
+            modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 10.dp),
+            style = mobileCallout,
+            color = mobileText,
+          )
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Mic button with input-reactive ring + speaker toggle
+      Row(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.Center,
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+      ) {
+        // Speaker toggle
+        IconButton(
+          onClick = { viewModel.setSpeakerEnabled(!speakerEnabled) },
+          modifier = Modifier.size(48.dp),
+          colors =
+            IconButtonDefaults.iconButtonColors(
+              containerColor = if (speakerEnabled) mobileSurface else mobileDangerSoft,
+            ),
+        ) {
+          Icon(
+            imageVector = if (speakerEnabled) Icons.AutoMirrored.Filled.VolumeUp else Icons.AutoMirrored.Filled.VolumeOff,
+            contentDescription = if (speakerEnabled) "Mute speaker" else "Unmute speaker",
+            modifier = Modifier.size(22.dp),
+            tint = if (speakerEnabled) mobileTextSecondary else mobileDanger,
           )
         }
 
-        if (!micLiveTranscript.isNullOrBlank()) {
-          Surface(
-            modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
-            shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
-            color = mobileAccentSoft,
-            border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileAccent.copy(alpha = 0.2f)),
+        // Ring size = 68dp base + up to 22dp driven by mic input level.
+        // The outer Box is fixed at 90dp (max ring size) so the ring never shifts the button.
+        Box(
+          modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 16.dp).size(90.dp),
+          contentAlignment = Alignment.Center,
+        ) {
+          if (micEnabled) {
+            val ringLevel = micInputLevel.coerceIn(0f, 1f)
+            val ringSize = 68.dp + (22.dp * max(ringLevel, 0.05f))
+            Box(
+              modifier =
+                Modifier
+                  .size(ringSize)
+                  .background(mobileAccent.copy(alpha = 0.12f + 0.14f * ringLevel), CircleShape),
+            )
+          }
+          Button(
+            onClick = {
+              if (micCooldown) return@Button
+              if (micEnabled) {
+                viewModel.setMicEnabled(false)
+                return@Button
+              }
+              if (hasMicPermission) {
+                viewModel.setMicEnabled(true)
+              } else {
+                pendingMicEnable = true
+                requestMicPermission.launch(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
+              }
+            },
+            enabled = !micCooldown,
+            shape = CircleShape,
+            contentPadding = PaddingValues(0.dp),
+            modifier = Modifier.size(60.dp),
+            colors =
+              ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(
+                containerColor = if (micCooldown) mobileTextSecondary else if (micEnabled) mobileDanger else mobileAccent,
+                contentColor = Color.White,
+                disabledContainerColor = mobileTextSecondary,
+                disabledContentColor = Color.White.copy(alpha = 0.5f),
+              ),
           ) {
-            Text(
-              micLiveTranscript!!.trim(),
-              modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 10.dp),
-              style = mobileCallout,
-              color = mobileText,
+            Icon(
+              imageVector = if (micEnabled) Icons.Default.MicOff else Icons.Default.Mic,
+              contentDescription = if (micEnabled) "Turn microphone off" else "Turn microphone on",
+              modifier = Modifier.size(24.dp),
             )
           }
         }
 
-        MicWaveform(level = micInputLevel, active = micEnabled)
+        // Invisible spacer to balance the row (same size as speaker button)
+        Box(modifier = Modifier.size(48.dp))
+      }
 
-        Button(
-          onClick = {
-            if (micEnabled) {
-              viewModel.setMicEnabled(false)
-              return@Button
-            }
-            if (hasMicPermission) {
-              viewModel.setMicEnabled(true)
-            } else {
-              pendingMicEnable = true
-              requestMicPermission.launch(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
-            }
-          },
-          shape = CircleShape,
-          contentPadding = PaddingValues(0.dp),
-          modifier = Modifier.size(86.dp),
-          colors =
-            ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(
-              containerColor = if (micEnabled) mobileDanger else mobileAccent,
-              contentColor = Color.White,
-            ),
-        ) {
-          Icon(
-            imageVector = if (micEnabled) Icons.Default.MicOff else Icons.Default.Mic,
-            contentDescription = if (micEnabled) "Turn microphone off" else "Turn microphone on",
-            modifier = Modifier.size(30.dp),
-          )
+      // Status + labels
+      val queueCount = micQueuedMessages.size
+      val stateText =
+        when {
+          queueCount > 0 -> "$queueCount queued"
+          micIsSending -> "Sending"
+          micCooldown -> "Cooldown"
+          micEnabled -> "Listening"
+          else -> "Mic off"
         }
+      Text(
+        "$gatewayStatus · $stateText",
+        style = mobileCaption1,
+        color = mobileTextSecondary,
+      )
 
-        Text(
-          if (micEnabled) "Tap to stop" else "Tap to speak",
-          style = mobileCallout,
-          color = mobileTextSecondary,
-        )
-
-        if (!hasMicPermission) {
-          val showRationale =
-            if (activity == null) {
-              false
-            } else {
-              ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
-            }
-          Text(
-            if (showRationale) {
-              "Microphone permission is required for voice mode."
-            } else {
-              "Microphone blocked. Open app settings to enable it."
-            },
-            style = mobileCaption1,
-            color = mobileWarning,
-            textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
-          )
-          Button(
-            onClick = { openAppSettings(context) },
-            shape = RoundedCornerShape(12.dp),
-            colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(containerColor = mobileSurfaceStrong, contentColor = mobileText),
-          ) {
-            Text("Open settings", style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold))
+      if (!hasMicPermission) {
+        val showRationale =
+          if (activity == null) {
+            false
+          } else {
+            ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
           }
-        }
-
         Text(
-          micStatusText,
+          if (showRationale) {
+            "Microphone permission is required for voice mode."
+          } else {
+            "Microphone blocked. Open app settings to enable it."
+          },
           style = mobileCaption1,
-          color = mobileTextTertiary,
+          color = mobileWarning,
+          textAlign = TextAlign.Center,
         )
+        Button(
+          onClick = { openAppSettings(context) },
+          shape = RoundedCornerShape(12.dp),
+          colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(containerColor = mobileSurfaceStrong, contentColor = mobileText),
+        ) {
+          Text("Open settings", style = mobileCallout.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold))
+        }
       }
     }
   }
@@ -327,18 +336,18 @@ private fun VoiceTurnBubble(entry: VoiceConversationEntry) {
   ) {
     Surface(
       modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(0.90f),
-      shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
-      color = if (isUser) mobileAccentSoft else mobileSurface,
-      border = BorderStroke(1.dp, if (isUser) mobileAccent.copy(alpha = 0.2f) else mobileBorder),
+      shape = RoundedCornerShape(12.dp),
+      color = if (isUser) mobileAccentSoft else Color.White,
+      border = BorderStroke(1.dp, if (isUser) mobileAccent else mobileBorderStrong),
     ) {
       Column(
-        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 10.dp),
-        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(6.dp),
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().padding(horizontal = 11.dp, vertical = 8.dp),
+        verticalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(3.dp),
       ) {
         Text(
           if (isUser) "You" else "OpenClaw",
-          style = mobileCaption1.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold),
-          color = mobileTextSecondary,
+          style = mobileCaption2.copy(fontWeight = FontWeight.SemiBold, letterSpacing = 0.6.sp),
+          color = if (isUser) mobileAccent else mobileTextSecondary,
         )
         Text(
           if (entry.isStreaming && entry.text.isBlank()) "Listening response…" else entry.text,
@@ -355,12 +364,12 @@ private fun VoiceThinkingBubble() {
   Row(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(), horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.Start) {
     Surface(
       modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(0.68f),
-      shape = RoundedCornerShape(14.dp),
-      color = mobileSurface,
-      border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileBorder),
+      shape = RoundedCornerShape(12.dp),
+      color = Color.White,
+      border = BorderStroke(1.dp, mobileBorderStrong),
     ) {
       Row(
-        modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 12.dp, vertical = 10.dp),
+        modifier = Modifier.padding(horizontal = 11.dp, vertical = 8.dp),
         horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(8.dp),
         verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
       ) {
@@ -389,44 +398,6 @@ private fun ThinkingDot(alpha: Float, color: Color) {
   ) {}
 }
 
-@Composable
-private fun MicWaveform(level: Float, active: Boolean) {
-  val transition = rememberInfiniteTransition(label = "voiceWave")
-  val phase by
-    transition.animateFloat(
-      initialValue = 0f,
-      targetValue = 1f,
-      animationSpec = infiniteRepeatable(animation = tween(1_000, easing = LinearEasing), repeatMode = RepeatMode.Restart),
-      label = "voiceWavePhase",
-    )
-
-  val effective = if (active) level.coerceIn(0f, 1f) else 0f
-  val base = max(effective, if (active) 0.05f else 0f)
-
-  Row(
-    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth().heightIn(min = 40.dp),
-    horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.spacedBy(4.dp, Alignment.CenterHorizontally),
-    verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
-  ) {
-    repeat(16) { index ->
-      val pulse =
-        if (!active) {
-          0f
-        } else {
-          ((sin(((phase * 2f * PI) + (index * 0.55f)).toDouble()) + 1.0) * 0.5).toFloat()
-        }
-      val barHeight = 6.dp + (24.dp * (base * pulse))
-      Box(
-        modifier =
-          Modifier
-            .width(5.dp)
-            .height(barHeight)
-            .background(if (active) mobileAccent else mobileBorderStrong, RoundedCornerShape(999.dp)),
-      )
-    }
-  }
-}
-
 private fun Context.hasRecordAudioPermission(): Boolean {
   return (
     ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) ==

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/chat/Base64ImageState.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.ui.chat
+
+import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
+import android.util.Base64
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
+import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
+import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.ImageBitmap
+import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.asImageBitmap
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+
+internal data class Base64ImageState(
+  val image: ImageBitmap?,
+  val failed: Boolean,
+)
+
+@Composable
+internal fun rememberBase64ImageState(base64: String): Base64ImageState {
+  var image by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf<ImageBitmap?>(null) }
+  var failed by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf(false) }
+
+  LaunchedEffect(base64) {
+    failed = false
+    image =
+      withContext(Dispatchers.Default) {
+        try {
+          val bytes = Base64.decode(base64, Base64.DEFAULT)
+          val bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.size) ?: return@withContext null
+          bitmap.asImageBitmap()
+        } catch (_: Throwable) {
+          null
+        }
+      }
+    if (image == null) failed = true
+  }
+
+  return Base64ImageState(image = image, failed = failed)
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/chat/ChatMarkdown.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.ui.chat
 
-import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
-import android.util.Base64
 import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
 import androidx.compose.foundation.background
 import androidx.compose.foundation.border
@@ -20,15 +18,10 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
 import androidx.compose.foundation.text.selection.SelectionContainer
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
-import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
-import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
-import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
-import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
-import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.asImageBitmap
 import androidx.compose.ui.layout.ContentScale
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.AnnotatedString
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.SpanStyle
@@ -47,8 +40,6 @@ import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileCaption1
 import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileCodeBg
 import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileCodeText
 import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileTextSecondary
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import org.commonmark.Extension
 import org.commonmark.ext.autolink.AutolinkExtension
 import org.commonmark.ext.gfm.strikethrough.Strikethrough
@@ -555,23 +546,8 @@ private data class ParsedDataImage(
 
 @Composable
 private fun InlineBase64Image(base64: String, mimeType: String?) {
-  var image by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf<androidx.compose.ui.graphics.ImageBitmap?>(null) }
-  var failed by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf(false) }
-
-  LaunchedEffect(base64) {
-    failed = false
-    image =
-      withContext(Dispatchers.Default) {
-        try {
-          val bytes = Base64.decode(base64, Base64.DEFAULT)
-          val bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.size) ?: return@withContext null
-          bitmap.asImageBitmap()
-        } catch (_: Throwable) {
-          null
-        }
-      }
-    if (image == null) failed = true
-  }
+  val imageState = rememberBase64ImageState(base64)
+  val image = imageState.image
 
   if (image != null) {
     Image(
@@ -580,7 +556,7 @@ private fun InlineBase64Image(base64: String, mimeType: String?) {
       contentScale = ContentScale.Fit,
       modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
     )
-  } else if (failed) {
+  } else if (imageState.failed) {
     Text(
       text = "Image unavailable",
       modifier = Modifier.padding(vertical = 2.dp),

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/ui/chat/ChatMessageViews.kt

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.ui.chat
 
-import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
-import android.util.Base64
 import androidx.compose.foundation.BorderStroke
 import androidx.compose.foundation.Image
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Arrangement
@@ -16,16 +14,11 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
 import androidx.compose.material3.Surface
 import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
-import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
-import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
-import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
-import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.draw.alpha
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
-import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.asImageBitmap
 import androidx.compose.ui.layout.ContentScale
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontFamily
@@ -51,8 +44,6 @@ import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileTextSecondary
 import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileWarning
 import ai.openclaw.android.ui.mobileWarningSoft
 import java.util.Locale
-import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
-import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 
 private data class ChatBubbleStyle(
   val alignEnd: Boolean,
@@ -241,23 +232,8 @@ private fun roleLabel(role: String): String {
 
 @Composable
 private fun ChatBase64Image(base64: String, mimeType: String?) {
-  var image by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf<androidx.compose.ui.graphics.ImageBitmap?>(null) }
-  var failed by remember(base64) { mutableStateOf(false) }
-
-  LaunchedEffect(base64) {
-    failed = false
-    image =
-      withContext(Dispatchers.Default) {
-        try {
-          val bytes = Base64.decode(base64, Base64.DEFAULT)
-          val bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes, 0, bytes.size) ?: return@withContext null
-          bitmap.asImageBitmap()
-        } catch (_: Throwable) {
-          null
-        }
-      }
-    if (image == null) failed = true
-  }
+  val imageState = rememberBase64ImageState(base64)
+  val image = imageState.image
 
   if (image != null) {
     Surface(
@@ -273,7 +249,7 @@ private fun ChatBase64Image(base64: String, mimeType: String?) {
         modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
       )
     }
-  } else if (failed) {
+  } else if (imageState.failed) {
     Text("Unsupported attachment", style = mobileCaption1, color = mobileTextSecondary)
   }
 }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/voice/ElevenLabsStreamingTts.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.voice
+
+import android.media.AudioAttributes
+import android.media.AudioFormat
+import android.media.AudioManager
+import android.media.AudioTrack
+import android.util.Base64
+import android.util.Log
+import kotlinx.coroutines.*
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
+import okhttp3.*
+import org.json.JSONObject
+import kotlin.math.max
+
+/**
+ * Streams text chunks to ElevenLabs WebSocket API and plays audio in real-time.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   1. Create instance with voice/API config
+ *   2. Call [start] to open WebSocket + AudioTrack
+ *   3. Call [sendText] with incremental text chunks as they arrive
+ *   4. Call [finish] when the full response is ready (sends EOS to ElevenLabs)
+ *   5. Call [stop] to cancel/cleanup at any time
+ *
+ * Audio playback begins as soon as the first audio chunk arrives from ElevenLabs,
+ * typically within ~100ms of the first text chunk for eleven_flash_v2_5.
+ *
+ * Note: eleven_v3 does NOT support WebSocket streaming. Use eleven_flash_v2_5
+ * or eleven_flash_v2 for lowest latency.
+ */
+class ElevenLabsStreamingTts(
+  private val scope: CoroutineScope,
+  private val voiceId: String,
+  private val apiKey: String,
+  private val modelId: String = "eleven_flash_v2_5",
+  private val outputFormat: String = "pcm_24000",
+  private val sampleRate: Int = 24000,
+) {
+  companion object {
+    private const val TAG = "ElevenLabsStreamTTS"
+    private const val BASE_URL = "wss://api.elevenlabs.io/v1/text-to-speech"
+
+    /** Models that support WebSocket input streaming */
+    val STREAMING_MODELS = setOf(
+      "eleven_flash_v2_5",
+      "eleven_flash_v2",
+      "eleven_multilingual_v2",
+      "eleven_turbo_v2_5",
+      "eleven_turbo_v2",
+      "eleven_monolingual_v1",
+    )
+
+    fun supportsStreaming(modelId: String): Boolean = modelId in STREAMING_MODELS
+  }
+
+  private val _isPlaying = MutableStateFlow(false)
+  val isPlaying: StateFlow<Boolean> = _isPlaying
+
+  private var webSocket: WebSocket? = null
+  private var audioTrack: AudioTrack? = null
+  private var trackStarted = false
+  private var client: OkHttpClient? = null
+  @Volatile private var stopped = false
+  @Volatile private var finished = false
+  @Volatile var hasReceivedAudio = false
+    private set
+  private var drainJob: Job? = null
+
+  // Track text already sent so we only send incremental chunks
+  private var sentTextLength = 0
+  @Volatile private var wsReady = false
+  private val pendingText = mutableListOf<String>()
+
+  /**
+   * Open the WebSocket connection and prepare AudioTrack.
+   * Must be called before [sendText].
+   */
+  fun start() {
+    stopped = false
+    finished = false
+    hasReceivedAudio = false
+    sentTextLength = 0
+    trackStarted = false
+    wsReady = false
+    sentFullText = ""
+    synchronized(pendingText) { pendingText.clear() }
+
+    // Prepare AudioTrack
+    val minBuffer = AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize(
+      sampleRate,
+      AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,
+      AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,
+    )
+    val bufferSize = max(minBuffer * 2, 8 * 1024)
+    val track = AudioTrack(
+      AudioAttributes.Builder()
+        .setContentType(AudioAttributes.CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH)
+        .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA)
+        .build(),
+      AudioFormat.Builder()
+        .setSampleRate(sampleRate)
+        .setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO)
+        .setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT)
+        .build(),
+      bufferSize,
+      AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM,
+      AudioManager.AUDIO_SESSION_ID_GENERATE,
+    )
+    if (track.state != AudioTrack.STATE_INITIALIZED) {
+      track.release()
+      Log.e(TAG, "AudioTrack init failed")
+      return
+    }
+    audioTrack = track
+    _isPlaying.value = true
+
+    // Open WebSocket
+    val url = "$BASE_URL/$voiceId/stream-input?model_id=$modelId&output_format=$outputFormat"
+    val okClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
+      .readTimeout(30, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+      .writeTimeout(10, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+      .build()
+    client = okClient
+
+    val request = Request.Builder()
+      .url(url)
+      .header("xi-api-key", apiKey)
+      .build()
+
+    webSocket = okClient.newWebSocket(request, object : WebSocketListener() {
+      override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "WebSocket connected")
+        // Send initial config with voice settings
+        val config = JSONObject().apply {
+          put("text", " ")
+          put("voice_settings", JSONObject().apply {
+            put("stability", 0.5)
+            put("similarity_boost", 0.8)
+            put("use_speaker_boost", false)
+          })
+          put("generation_config", JSONObject().apply {
+            put("chunk_length_schedule", org.json.JSONArray(listOf(120, 160, 250, 290)))
+          })
+        }
+        webSocket.send(config.toString())
+        wsReady = true
+        // Flush any text that was queued before WebSocket was ready
+        synchronized(pendingText) {
+          for (queued in pendingText) {
+            val msg = JSONObject().apply { put("text", queued) }
+            webSocket.send(msg.toString())
+            Log.d(TAG, "flushed queued chunk: ${queued.length} chars")
+          }
+          pendingText.clear()
+        }
+        // Send deferred EOS if finish() was called before WebSocket was ready
+        if (finished) {
+          val eos = JSONObject().apply { put("text", "") }
+          webSocket.send(eos.toString())
+          Log.d(TAG, "sent deferred EOS")
+        }
+      }
+
+      override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
+        if (stopped) return
+        try {
+          val json = JSONObject(text)
+          val audio = json.optString("audio", "")
+          if (audio.isNotEmpty()) {
+            val pcmBytes = Base64.decode(audio, Base64.DEFAULT)
+            writeToTrack(pcmBytes)
+          }
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+          Log.e(TAG, "Error parsing WebSocket message: ${e.message}")
+        }
+      }
+
+      override fun onFailure(webSocket: WebSocket, t: Throwable, response: Response?) {
+        Log.e(TAG, "WebSocket error: ${t.message}")
+        stopped = true
+        cleanup()
+      }
+
+      override fun onClosed(webSocket: WebSocket, code: Int, reason: String) {
+        Log.d(TAG, "WebSocket closed: $code $reason")
+        // Wait for AudioTrack to finish playing buffered audio, then cleanup
+        drainJob = scope.launch(Dispatchers.IO) {
+          drainAudioTrack()
+          cleanup()
+        }
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Send incremental text. Call with the full accumulated text so far —
+   * only the new portion (since last send) will be transmitted.
+   */
+  // Track the full text we've sent so we can detect replacement vs append
+  private var sentFullText = ""
+
+  /**
+      // If we already sent a superset of this text, it's just a stale/out-of-order
+      // event from a different thread — not a real divergence. Ignore it.
+      if (sentFullText.startsWith(fullText)) return true
+   * Returns true if text was accepted, false if text diverged (caller should restart).
+   */
+  @Synchronized
+  fun sendText(fullText: String): Boolean {
+    if (stopped) return false
+    if (finished) return true  // Already finishing — not a diverge, don't restart
+
+    // Detect text replacement: if the new text doesn't start with what we already sent,
+    // the stream has diverged (e.g., tool call interrupted and text was replaced).
+    if (sentFullText.isNotEmpty() && !fullText.startsWith(sentFullText)) {
+      // If we already sent a superset of this text, it's just a stale/out-of-order
+      // event from a different thread — not a real divergence. Ignore it.
+      if (sentFullText.startsWith(fullText)) return true
+      Log.d(TAG, "text diverged — sent='${sentFullText.take(60)}' new='${fullText.take(60)}'")
+      return false
+    }
+
+    if (fullText.length > sentTextLength) {
+      val newText = fullText.substring(sentTextLength)
+      sentTextLength = fullText.length
+      sentFullText = fullText
+
+      val ws = webSocket
+      if (ws != null && wsReady) {
+        val msg = JSONObject().apply { put("text", newText) }
+        ws.send(msg.toString())
+        Log.d(TAG, "sent chunk: ${newText.length} chars")
+      } else {
+        // Queue if WebSocket not connected yet (ws null = still connecting, wsReady false = handshake pending)
+        synchronized(pendingText) { pendingText.add(newText) }
+        Log.d(TAG, "queued chunk: ${newText.length} chars (ws not ready)")
+      }
+    }
+    return true
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Signal that no more text is coming. Sends EOS to ElevenLabs.
+   * The WebSocket will close after generating remaining audio.
+   */
+  @Synchronized
+  fun finish() {
+    if (stopped || finished) return
+    finished = true
+    val ws = webSocket
+    if (ws != null && wsReady) {
+      // Send empty text to signal end of stream
+      val eos = JSONObject().apply { put("text", "") }
+      ws.send(eos.toString())
+      Log.d(TAG, "sent EOS")
+    }
+    // else: WebSocket not ready yet; onOpen will send EOS after flushing queued text
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Immediately stop playback and close everything.
+   */
+  fun stop() {
+    stopped = true
+    finished = true
+    drainJob?.cancel()
+    drainJob = null
+    webSocket?.cancel()
+    webSocket = null
+    val track = audioTrack
+    audioTrack = null
+    if (track != null) {
+      try {
+        track.pause()
+        track.flush()
+        track.release()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {}
+    }
+    _isPlaying.value = false
+    client?.dispatcher?.executorService?.shutdown()
+    client = null
+  }
+
+  private fun writeToTrack(pcmBytes: ByteArray) {
+    val track = audioTrack ?: return
+    if (stopped) return
+
+    // Start playback on first audio chunk — avoids underrun
+    if (!trackStarted) {
+      track.play()
+      trackStarted = true
+      hasReceivedAudio = true
+      Log.d(TAG, "AudioTrack started on first chunk")
+    }
+
+    var offset = 0
+    while (offset < pcmBytes.size && !stopped) {
+      val wrote = track.write(pcmBytes, offset, pcmBytes.size - offset)
+      if (wrote <= 0) {
+        if (stopped) return
+        Log.w(TAG, "AudioTrack write returned $wrote")
+        break
+      }
+      offset += wrote
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun drainAudioTrack() {
+    if (stopped) return
+    // Wait up to 10s for audio to finish playing
+    val deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + 10_000
+    while (!stopped && System.currentTimeMillis() < deadline) {
+      // Check if track is still playing
+      val track = audioTrack ?: return
+      if (track.playState != AudioTrack.PLAYSTATE_PLAYING) return
+      try {
+        Thread.sleep(100)
+      } catch (_: InterruptedException) {
+        return
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun cleanup() {
+    val track = audioTrack
+    audioTrack = null
+    if (track != null) {
+      try {
+        track.stop()
+        track.release()
+      } catch (_: Throwable) {}
+    }
+    _isPlaying.value = false
+    client?.dispatcher?.executorService?.shutdown()
+    client = null
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/android/voice/MicCaptureManager.kt

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import android.content.pm.PackageManager
 import android.os.Bundle
 import android.os.Handler
 import android.os.Looper
+import android.util.Log
 import android.speech.RecognitionListener
 import android.speech.RecognizerIntent
 import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer
@@ -38,9 +39,16 @@ data class VoiceConversationEntry(
 class MicCaptureManager(
   private val context: Context,
   private val scope: CoroutineScope,
-  private val sendToGateway: suspend (String) -> String?,
+  /**
+   * Send [message] to the gateway and return the run ID.
+   * [onRunIdKnown] is called with the idempotency key *before* the network
+   * round-trip so [pendingRunId] is set before any chat events can arrive.
+   */
+  private val sendToGateway: suspend (message: String, onRunIdKnown: (String) -> Unit) -> String?,
+  private val speakAssistantReply: suspend (String) -> Unit = {},
 ) {
   companion object {
+    private const val tag = "MicCapture"
     private const val speechMinSessionMs = 30_000L
     private const val speechCompleteSilenceMs = 1_500L
     private const val speechPossibleSilenceMs = 900L
@@ -48,16 +56,15 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
     private const val pendingRunTimeoutMs = 45_000L
   }
 
-  private data class QueuedUtterance(
-    val text: String,
-  )
-
   private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
   private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
 
   private val _micEnabled = MutableStateFlow(false)
   val micEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = _micEnabled
 
+  private val _micCooldown = MutableStateFlow(false)
+  val micCooldown: StateFlow<Boolean> = _micCooldown
+
   private val _isListening = MutableStateFlow(false)
   val isListening: StateFlow<Boolean> = _isListening
 
@@ -79,7 +86,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   private val _isSending = MutableStateFlow(false)
   val isSending: StateFlow<Boolean> = _isSending
 
-  private val messageQueue = ArrayDeque<QueuedUtterance>()
+  private val messageQueue = ArrayDeque<String>()
   private val sessionSegments = mutableListOf<String>()
   private var lastFinalSegment: String? = null
   private var pendingRunId: String? = null
@@ -88,6 +95,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
 
   private var recognizer: SpeechRecognizer? = null
   private var restartJob: Job? = null
+  private var drainJob: Job? = null
   private var pendingRunTimeoutJob: Job? = null
   private var stopRequested = false
 
@@ -98,9 +106,23 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
       start()
       sendQueuedIfIdle()
     } else {
-      stop()
-      flushSessionToQueue()
-      sendQueuedIfIdle()
+      // Give the recognizer time to finish processing buffered audio.
+      // Cancel any prior drain to prevent duplicate sends on rapid toggle.
+      drainJob?.cancel()
+      _micCooldown.value = true
+      drainJob = scope.launch {
+        delay(2000L)
+        stop()
+        // Capture any partial transcript that didn't get a final result from the recognizer
+        val partial = _liveTranscript.value?.trim().orEmpty()
+        if (partial.isNotEmpty() && sessionSegments.isEmpty()) {
+          sessionSegments.add(partial)
+        }
+        flushSessionToQueue()
+        drainJob = null
+        _micCooldown.value = false
+        sendQueuedIfIdle()
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -125,9 +147,9 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
         null
       } ?: return
 
-    val runId = pendingRunId ?: return
+    val runId = pendingRunId ?: run { Log.d("MicCapture", "no pendingRunId — drop"); return }
     val eventRunId = payload["runId"].asStringOrNull() ?: return
-    if (eventRunId != runId) return
+    if (eventRunId != runId) { Log.d("MicCapture", "runId mismatch: event=$eventRunId pending=$runId"); return }
 
     when (payload["state"].asStringOrNull()) {
       "delta" -> {
@@ -140,6 +162,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
         val finalText = parseAssistantText(payload)?.trim().orEmpty()
         if (finalText.isNotEmpty()) {
           upsertPendingAssistant(text = finalText, isStreaming = false)
+          playAssistantReplyAsync(finalText)
         } else if (pendingAssistantEntryId != null) {
           updateConversationEntry(pendingAssistantEntryId!!, text = null, isStreaming = false)
         }
@@ -241,7 +264,11 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   }
 
   private fun flushSessionToQueue() {
-    val message = sessionSegments.joinToString(" ").trim()
+    // Add sentence-ending punctuation between recognizer segments to avoid run-on text
+    val message = sessionSegments.joinToString(". ") { segment ->
+      val trimmed = segment.trimEnd()
+      if (trimmed.isNotEmpty() && trimmed.last() in ".!?,;:") trimmed else trimmed
+    }.trim().let { if (it.isNotEmpty() && it.last() !in ".!?") "$it." else it }
     sessionSegments.clear()
     _liveTranscript.value = null
     lastFinalSegment = null
@@ -251,12 +278,12 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
       role = VoiceConversationRole.User,
       text = message,
     )
-    messageQueue.addLast(QueuedUtterance(text = message))
+    messageQueue.addLast(message)
     publishQueue()
   }
 
   private fun publishQueue() {
-    _queuedMessages.value = messageQueue.map { it.text }
+    _queuedMessages.value = messageQueue.toList()
   }
 
   private fun sendQueuedIfIdle() {
@@ -282,8 +309,13 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
 
     scope.launch {
       try {
-        val runId = sendToGateway(next.text)
-        pendingRunId = runId
+        val runId = sendToGateway(next) { earlyRunId ->
+          // Called with the idempotency key before chat.send fires so that
+          // pendingRunId is populated before any chat events can arrive.
+          pendingRunId = earlyRunId
+        }
+        // Update to the real runId if the gateway returned a different one.
+        if (runId != null && runId != pendingRunId) pendingRunId = runId
         if (runId == null) {
           pendingRunTimeoutJob?.cancel()
           pendingRunTimeoutJob = null
@@ -361,15 +393,21 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
 
   private fun updateConversationEntry(id: String, text: String?, isStreaming: Boolean) {
     val current = _conversation.value
-    _conversation.value =
-      current.map { entry ->
-        if (entry.id == id) {
-          val updatedText = text ?: entry.text
-          entry.copy(text = updatedText, isStreaming = isStreaming)
-        } else {
-          entry
-        }
+    if (current.isEmpty()) return
+
+    val targetIndex =
+      when {
+        current[current.lastIndex].id == id -> current.lastIndex
+        else -> current.indexOfFirst { it.id == id }
       }
+    if (targetIndex < 0) return
+
+    val entry = current[targetIndex]
+    val updatedText = text ?: entry.text
+    if (updatedText == entry.text && entry.isStreaming == isStreaming) return
+    val updated = current.toMutableList()
+    updated[targetIndex] = entry.copy(text = updatedText, isStreaming = isStreaming)
+    _conversation.value = updated
   }
 
   private fun upsertPendingAssistant(text: String, isStreaming: Boolean) {
@@ -386,6 +424,18 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
     updateConversationEntry(id = currentId, text = text, isStreaming = isStreaming)
   }
 
+  private fun playAssistantReplyAsync(text: String) {
+    val spoken = text.trim()
+    if (spoken.isEmpty()) return
+    scope.launch {
+      try {
+        speakAssistantReply(spoken)
+      } catch (err: Throwable) {
+        Log.w(tag, "assistant speech failed: ${err.message ?: err::class.simpleName}")
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   private fun onFinalTranscript(text: String) {
     val trimmed = text.trim()
     if (trimmed.isEmpty()) return
@@ -499,8 +549,8 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
         val text = results?.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION).orEmpty().firstOrNull()
         if (!text.isNullOrBlank()) {
           onFinalTranscript(text)
-          flushSessionToQueue()
-          sendQueuedIfIdle()
+          // Don't auto-send on silence — accumulate transcript.
+          // Send happens when mic is toggled off (setMicEnabled(false)).
         }
         scheduleRestart()
       }

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/gateway/GatewaySessionInvokeTest.kt

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@ package ai.openclaw.android.gateway
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
 import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
 import kotlinx.coroutines.cancelAndJoin
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeout
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withTimeoutOrNull
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
 import okhttp3.Response
@@ -27,6 +29,10 @@ import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment
 import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
 
+private const val TEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 8_000L
+private const val CONNECT_CHALLENGE_FRAME =
+  """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}"""
+
 private class InMemoryDeviceAuthStore : DeviceAuthTokenStore {
   private val tokens = mutableMapOf<String, String>()
 
@@ -37,530 +43,301 @@ private class InMemoryDeviceAuthStore : DeviceAuthTokenStore {
   }
 }
 
+private data class NodeHarness(
+  val session: GatewaySession,
+  val sessionJob: Job,
+)
+
+private data class InvokeScenarioResult(
+  val request: GatewaySession.InvokeRequest,
+  val resultParams: JsonObject,
+)
+
 @RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
 @Config(sdk = [34])
 class GatewaySessionInvokeTest {
   @Test
   fun nodeInvokeRequest_roundTripsInvokeResult() = runBlocking {
-    val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
-    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
-    val invokeRequest = CompletableDeferred<GatewaySession.InvokeRequest>()
-    val invokeResultParams = CompletableDeferred<String>()
     val handshakeOrigin = AtomicReference<String?>(null)
-    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
-    val server =
-      MockWebServer().apply {
-        dispatcher =
-          object : Dispatcher() {
-            override fun dispatch(request: RecordedRequest): MockResponse {
-              handshakeOrigin.compareAndSet(null, request.getHeader("Origin"))
-              return MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(
-                object : WebSocketListener() {
-                  override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
-                    webSocket.send(
-                      """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}""",
-                    )
-                  }
-
-                  override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
-                    val frame = json.parseToJsonElement(text).jsonObject
-                    if (frame["type"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content != "req") return
-                    val id = frame["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    val method = frame["method"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    when (method) {
-                      "connect" -> {
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}""",
-                        )
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-1","nodeId":"node-1","command":"debug.ping","params":{"ping":"pong"},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
-                        )
-                      }
-                      "node.invoke.result" -> {
-                        if (!invokeResultParams.isCompleted) {
-                          invokeResultParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString().orEmpty())
-                        }
-                        webSocket.send("""{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"ok":true}}""")
-                        webSocket.close(1000, "done")
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                },
-              )
-            }
-          }
-        start()
+    val result =
+      runInvokeScenario(
+        invokeEventFrame =
+          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-1","nodeId":"node-1","command":"debug.ping","params":{"ping":"pong"},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
+        onHandshake = { request -> handshakeOrigin.compareAndSet(null, request.getHeader("Origin")) },
+      ) {
+        GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""")
       }
 
-    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
-    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
-    val deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore()
-    val session =
-      GatewaySession(
-        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
-        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
-        deviceAuthStore = deviceAuthStore,
-        onConnected = { _, _, _ ->
-          if (!connected.isCompleted) connected.complete(Unit)
-        },
-        onDisconnected = { message ->
-          lastDisconnect.set(message)
-        },
-        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
-        onInvoke = { req ->
-          if (!invokeRequest.isCompleted) invokeRequest.complete(req)
-          GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""")
-        },
-      )
-
-    try {
-      session.connect(
-        endpoint =
-          GatewayEndpoint(
-            stableId = "manual|127.0.0.1|${server.port}",
-            name = "test",
-            host = "127.0.0.1",
-            port = server.port,
-            tlsEnabled = false,
-          ),
-        token = "test-token",
-        password = null,
-        options =
-          GatewayConnectOptions(
-            role = "node",
-            scopes = listOf("node:invoke"),
-            caps = emptyList(),
-            commands = emptyList(),
-            permissions = emptyMap(),
-            client =
-              GatewayClientInfo(
-                id = "openclaw-android-test",
-                displayName = "Android Test",
-                version = "1.0.0-test",
-                platform = "android",
-                mode = "node",
-                instanceId = "android-test-instance",
-                deviceFamily = "android",
-                modelIdentifier = "test",
-              ),
-          ),
-        tls = null,
-      )
-
-      val connectedWithinTimeout = withTimeoutOrNull(8_000) {
-        connected.await()
-        true
-      } == true
-      if (!connectedWithinTimeout) {
-        throw AssertionError("never connected; lastDisconnect=${lastDisconnect.get()}; requests=${server.requestCount}")
-      }
-      val req = withTimeout(8_000) { invokeRequest.await() }
-      val resultParamsJson = withTimeout(8_000) { invokeResultParams.await() }
-      val resultParams = json.parseToJsonElement(resultParamsJson).jsonObject
-
-      assertEquals("invoke-1", req.id)
-      assertEquals("node-1", req.nodeId)
-      assertEquals("debug.ping", req.command)
-      assertEquals("""{"ping":"pong"}""", req.paramsJson)
-      assertNull(handshakeOrigin.get())
-      assertEquals("invoke-1", resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals("node-1", resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals(true, resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
-      assertEquals(
-        true,
-        resultParams["payload"]?.jsonObject?.get("handled")?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict(),
-      )
-    } finally {
-      session.disconnect()
-      sessionJob.cancelAndJoin()
-      server.shutdown()
-    }
+    assertEquals("invoke-1", result.request.id)
+    assertEquals("node-1", result.request.nodeId)
+    assertEquals("debug.ping", result.request.command)
+    assertEquals("""{"ping":"pong"}""", result.request.paramsJson)
+    assertNull(handshakeOrigin.get())
+    assertEquals("invoke-1", result.resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals("node-1", result.resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals(true, result.resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
+    assertEquals(
+      true,
+      result.resultParams["payload"]?.jsonObject?.get("handled")?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict(),
+    )
   }
 
   @Test
   fun nodeInvokeRequest_usesParamsJsonWhenProvided() = runBlocking {
-    val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
-    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
-    val invokeRequest = CompletableDeferred<GatewaySession.InvokeRequest>()
-    val invokeResultParams = CompletableDeferred<String>()
-    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
-    val server =
-      MockWebServer().apply {
-        dispatcher =
-          object : Dispatcher() {
-            override fun dispatch(request: RecordedRequest): MockResponse {
-              return MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(
-                object : WebSocketListener() {
-                  override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
-                    webSocket.send(
-                      """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}""",
-                    )
-                  }
-
-                  override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
-                    val frame = json.parseToJsonElement(text).jsonObject
-                    if (frame["type"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content != "req") return
-                    val id = frame["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    val method = frame["method"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    when (method) {
-                      "connect" -> {
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}""",
-                        )
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-2","nodeId":"node-2","command":"debug.raw","paramsJSON":"{\"raw\":true}","params":{"ignored":1},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
-                        )
-                      }
-                      "node.invoke.result" -> {
-                        if (!invokeResultParams.isCompleted) {
-                          invokeResultParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString().orEmpty())
-                        }
-                        webSocket.send("""{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"ok":true}}""")
-                        webSocket.close(1000, "done")
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                },
-              )
-            }
-          }
-        start()
+    val result =
+      runInvokeScenario(
+        invokeEventFrame =
+          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-2","nodeId":"node-2","command":"debug.raw","paramsJSON":"{\"raw\":true}","params":{"ignored":1},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
+      ) {
+        GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""")
       }
 
-    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
-    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
-    val deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore()
-    val session =
-      GatewaySession(
-        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
-        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
-        deviceAuthStore = deviceAuthStore,
-        onConnected = { _, _, _ ->
-          if (!connected.isCompleted) connected.complete(Unit)
-        },
-        onDisconnected = { message ->
-          lastDisconnect.set(message)
-        },
-        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
-        onInvoke = { req ->
-          if (!invokeRequest.isCompleted) invokeRequest.complete(req)
-          GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""")
-        },
-      )
-
-    try {
-      session.connect(
-        endpoint =
-          GatewayEndpoint(
-            stableId = "manual|127.0.0.1|${server.port}",
-            name = "test",
-            host = "127.0.0.1",
-            port = server.port,
-            tlsEnabled = false,
-          ),
-        token = "test-token",
-        password = null,
-        options =
-          GatewayConnectOptions(
-            role = "node",
-            scopes = listOf("node:invoke"),
-            caps = emptyList(),
-            commands = emptyList(),
-            permissions = emptyMap(),
-            client =
-              GatewayClientInfo(
-                id = "openclaw-android-test",
-                displayName = "Android Test",
-                version = "1.0.0-test",
-                platform = "android",
-                mode = "node",
-                instanceId = "android-test-instance",
-                deviceFamily = "android",
-                modelIdentifier = "test",
-              ),
-          ),
-        tls = null,
-      )
-
-      val connectedWithinTimeout = withTimeoutOrNull(8_000) {
-        connected.await()
-        true
-      } == true
-      if (!connectedWithinTimeout) {
-        throw AssertionError("never connected; lastDisconnect=${lastDisconnect.get()}; requests=${server.requestCount}")
-      }
-
-      val req = withTimeout(8_000) { invokeRequest.await() }
-      val resultParamsJson = withTimeout(8_000) { invokeResultParams.await() }
-      val resultParams = json.parseToJsonElement(resultParamsJson).jsonObject
-
-      assertEquals("invoke-2", req.id)
-      assertEquals("node-2", req.nodeId)
-      assertEquals("debug.raw", req.command)
-      assertEquals("""{"raw":true}""", req.paramsJson)
-      assertEquals("invoke-2", resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals("node-2", resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals(true, resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
-    } finally {
-      session.disconnect()
-      sessionJob.cancelAndJoin()
-      server.shutdown()
-    }
+    assertEquals("invoke-2", result.request.id)
+    assertEquals("node-2", result.request.nodeId)
+    assertEquals("debug.raw", result.request.command)
+    assertEquals("""{"raw":true}""", result.request.paramsJson)
+    assertEquals("invoke-2", result.resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals("node-2", result.resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals(true, result.resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
   }
 
   @Test
   fun nodeInvokeRequest_mapsCodePrefixedErrorsIntoInvokeResult() = runBlocking {
-    val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
-    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
-    val invokeResultParams = CompletableDeferred<String>()
-    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
-    val server =
-      MockWebServer().apply {
-        dispatcher =
-          object : Dispatcher() {
-            override fun dispatch(request: RecordedRequest): MockResponse {
-              return MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(
-                object : WebSocketListener() {
-                  override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
-                    webSocket.send(
-                      """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}""",
-                    )
-                  }
-
-                  override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
-                    val frame = json.parseToJsonElement(text).jsonObject
-                    if (frame["type"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content != "req") return
-                    val id = frame["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    val method = frame["method"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    when (method) {
-                      "connect" -> {
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}""",
-                        )
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-3","nodeId":"node-3","command":"camera.snap","params":{"facing":"front"},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
-                        )
-                      }
-                      "node.invoke.result" -> {
-                        if (!invokeResultParams.isCompleted) {
-                          invokeResultParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString().orEmpty())
-                        }
-                        webSocket.send("""{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"ok":true}}""")
-                        webSocket.close(1000, "done")
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                },
-              )
-            }
-          }
-        start()
+    val result =
+      runInvokeScenario(
+        invokeEventFrame =
+          """{"type":"event","event":"node.invoke.request","payload":{"id":"invoke-3","nodeId":"node-3","command":"camera.snap","params":{"facing":"front"},"timeoutMs":5000}}""",
+      ) {
+        throw IllegalStateException("CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Camera permission")
       }
 
-    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
-    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
-    val deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore()
-    val session =
-      GatewaySession(
-        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
-        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
-        deviceAuthStore = deviceAuthStore,
-        onConnected = { _, _, _ ->
-          if (!connected.isCompleted) connected.complete(Unit)
-        },
-        onDisconnected = { message ->
-          lastDisconnect.set(message)
-        },
-        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
-        onInvoke = {
-          throw IllegalStateException("CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Camera permission")
-        },
-      )
-
-    try {
-      session.connect(
-        endpoint =
-          GatewayEndpoint(
-            stableId = "manual|127.0.0.1|${server.port}",
-            name = "test",
-            host = "127.0.0.1",
-            port = server.port,
-            tlsEnabled = false,
-          ),
-        token = "test-token",
-        password = null,
-        options =
-          GatewayConnectOptions(
-            role = "node",
-            scopes = listOf("node:invoke"),
-            caps = emptyList(),
-            commands = emptyList(),
-            permissions = emptyMap(),
-            client =
-              GatewayClientInfo(
-                id = "openclaw-android-test",
-                displayName = "Android Test",
-                version = "1.0.0-test",
-                platform = "android",
-                mode = "node",
-                instanceId = "android-test-instance",
-                deviceFamily = "android",
-                modelIdentifier = "test",
-              ),
-          ),
-        tls = null,
-      )
-
-      val connectedWithinTimeout = withTimeoutOrNull(8_000) {
-        connected.await()
-        true
-      } == true
-      if (!connectedWithinTimeout) {
-        throw AssertionError("never connected; lastDisconnect=${lastDisconnect.get()}; requests=${server.requestCount}")
-      }
-
-      val resultParamsJson = withTimeout(8_000) { invokeResultParams.await() }
-      val resultParams = json.parseToJsonElement(resultParamsJson).jsonObject
-
-      assertEquals("invoke-3", resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals("node-3", resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
-      assertEquals(false, resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
-      assertEquals(
-        "CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
-        resultParams["error"]?.jsonObject?.get("code")?.jsonPrimitive?.content,
-      )
-      assertEquals(
-        "grant Camera permission",
-        resultParams["error"]?.jsonObject?.get("message")?.jsonPrimitive?.content,
-      )
-    } finally {
-      session.disconnect()
-      sessionJob.cancelAndJoin()
-      server.shutdown()
-    }
+    assertEquals("invoke-3", result.resultParams["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals("node-3", result.resultParams["nodeId"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content)
+    assertEquals(false, result.resultParams["ok"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content?.toBooleanStrict())
+    assertEquals(
+      "CAMERA_PERMISSION_REQUIRED",
+      result.resultParams["error"]?.jsonObject?.get("code")?.jsonPrimitive?.content,
+    )
+    assertEquals(
+      "grant Camera permission",
+      result.resultParams["error"]?.jsonObject?.get("message")?.jsonPrimitive?.content,
+    )
   }
 
   @Test
   fun refreshNodeCanvasCapability_sendsObjectParamsAndUpdatesScopedUrl() = runBlocking {
-    val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+    val json = testJson()
     val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
     val refreshRequestParams = CompletableDeferred<String?>()
     val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
-    val server =
-      MockWebServer().apply {
-        dispatcher =
-          object : Dispatcher() {
-            override fun dispatch(request: RecordedRequest): MockResponse {
-              return MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(
-                object : WebSocketListener() {
-                  override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
-                    webSocket.send(
-                      """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}""",
-                    )
-                  }
 
-                  override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
-                    val frame = json.parseToJsonElement(text).jsonObject
-                    if (frame["type"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content != "req") return
-                    val id = frame["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    val method = frame["method"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
-                    when (method) {
-                      "connect" -> {
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"canvasHostUrl":"http://127.0.0.1/__openclaw__/cap/old-cap","snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}""",
-                        )
-                      }
-                      "node.canvas.capability.refresh" -> {
-                        if (!refreshRequestParams.isCompleted) {
-                          refreshRequestParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString())
-                        }
-                        webSocket.send(
-                          """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"canvasCapability":"new-cap"}}""",
-                        )
-                        webSocket.close(1000, "done")
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                },
-              )
-            }
+    val server =
+      startGatewayServer(json) { webSocket, id, method, frame ->
+        when (method) {
+          "connect" -> {
+            webSocket.send(connectResponseFrame(id, canvasHostUrl = "http://127.0.0.1/__openclaw__/cap/old-cap"))
           }
-        start()
+          "node.canvas.capability.refresh" -> {
+            if (!refreshRequestParams.isCompleted) {
+              refreshRequestParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString())
+            }
+            webSocket.send(
+              """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"canvasCapability":"new-cap"}}""",
+            )
+            webSocket.close(1000, "done")
+          }
+        }
       }
 
-    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
-    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
-    val deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore()
-    val session =
-      GatewaySession(
-        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
-        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
-        deviceAuthStore = deviceAuthStore,
-        onConnected = { _, _, _ ->
-          if (!connected.isCompleted) connected.complete(Unit)
-        },
-        onDisconnected = { message ->
-          lastDisconnect.set(message)
-        },
-        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
-        onInvoke = { GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""") },
-      )
+    val harness =
+      createNodeHarness(
+        connected = connected,
+        lastDisconnect = lastDisconnect,
+      ) { GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""") }
 
     try {
-      session.connect(
-        endpoint =
-          GatewayEndpoint(
-            stableId = "manual|127.0.0.1|${server.port}",
-            name = "test",
-            host = "127.0.0.1",
-            port = server.port,
-            tlsEnabled = false,
-          ),
-        token = "test-token",
-        password = null,
-        options =
-          GatewayConnectOptions(
-            role = "node",
-            scopes = listOf("node:invoke"),
-            caps = emptyList(),
-            commands = emptyList(),
-            permissions = emptyMap(),
-            client =
-              GatewayClientInfo(
-                id = "openclaw-android-test",
-                displayName = "Android Test",
-                version = "1.0.0-test",
-                platform = "android",
-                mode = "node",
-                instanceId = "android-test-instance",
-                deviceFamily = "android",
-                modelIdentifier = "test",
-              ),
-          ),
-        tls = null,
-      )
+      connectNodeSession(harness.session, server.port)
+      awaitConnectedOrThrow(connected, lastDisconnect, server)
 
-      val connectedWithinTimeout = withTimeoutOrNull(8_000) {
-        connected.await()
-        true
-      } == true
-      if (!connectedWithinTimeout) {
-        throw AssertionError("never connected; lastDisconnect=${lastDisconnect.get()}; requests=${server.requestCount}")
-      }
-
-      val refreshed = session.refreshNodeCanvasCapability(timeoutMs = 8_000)
-      val refreshParamsJson = withTimeout(8_000) { refreshRequestParams.await() }
+      val refreshed = harness.session.refreshNodeCanvasCapability(timeoutMs = TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)
+      val refreshParamsJson = withTimeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS) { refreshRequestParams.await() }
 
       assertEquals(true, refreshed)
       assertEquals("{}", refreshParamsJson)
       assertEquals(
         "http://127.0.0.1:${server.port}/__openclaw__/cap/new-cap",
-        session.currentCanvasHostUrl(),
+        harness.session.currentCanvasHostUrl(),
       )
     } finally {
-      session.disconnect()
-      sessionJob.cancelAndJoin()
-      server.shutdown()
+      shutdownHarness(harness, server)
     }
   }
+
+  private fun testJson(): Json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+
+  private fun createNodeHarness(
+    connected: CompletableDeferred<Unit>,
+    lastDisconnect: AtomicReference<String>,
+    onInvoke: (GatewaySession.InvokeRequest) -> GatewaySession.InvokeResult,
+  ): NodeHarness {
+    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
+    val session =
+      GatewaySession(
+        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
+        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
+        deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore(),
+        onConnected = { _, _, _ ->
+          if (!connected.isCompleted) connected.complete(Unit)
+        },
+        onDisconnected = { message ->
+          lastDisconnect.set(message)
+        },
+        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
+        onInvoke = onInvoke,
+      )
+
+    return NodeHarness(session = session, sessionJob = sessionJob)
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun connectNodeSession(session: GatewaySession, port: Int) {
+    session.connect(
+      endpoint =
+        GatewayEndpoint(
+          stableId = "manual|127.0.0.1|$port",
+          name = "test",
+          host = "127.0.0.1",
+          port = port,
+          tlsEnabled = false,
+        ),
+      token = "test-token",
+      password = null,
+      options =
+        GatewayConnectOptions(
+          role = "node",
+          scopes = listOf("node:invoke"),
+          caps = emptyList(),
+          commands = emptyList(),
+          permissions = emptyMap(),
+          client =
+            GatewayClientInfo(
+              id = "openclaw-android-test",
+              displayName = "Android Test",
+              version = "1.0.0-test",
+              platform = "android",
+              mode = "node",
+              instanceId = "android-test-instance",
+              deviceFamily = "android",
+              modelIdentifier = "test",
+            ),
+        ),
+      tls = null,
+    )
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun awaitConnectedOrThrow(
+    connected: CompletableDeferred<Unit>,
+    lastDisconnect: AtomicReference<String>,
+    server: MockWebServer,
+  ) {
+    val connectedWithinTimeout =
+      withTimeoutOrNull(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS) {
+        connected.await()
+        true
+      } == true
+    if (!connectedWithinTimeout) {
+      throw AssertionError("never connected; lastDisconnect=${lastDisconnect.get()}; requests=${server.requestCount}")
+    }
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun shutdownHarness(harness: NodeHarness, server: MockWebServer) {
+    harness.session.disconnect()
+    harness.sessionJob.cancelAndJoin()
+    server.shutdown()
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun runInvokeScenario(
+    invokeEventFrame: String,
+    onHandshake: ((RecordedRequest) -> Unit)? = null,
+    onInvoke: (GatewaySession.InvokeRequest) -> GatewaySession.InvokeResult,
+  ): InvokeScenarioResult {
+    val json = testJson()
+    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+    val invokeRequest = CompletableDeferred<GatewaySession.InvokeRequest>()
+    val invokeResultParams = CompletableDeferred<String>()
+    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
+    val server =
+      startGatewayServer(
+        json = json,
+        onHandshake = onHandshake,
+      ) { webSocket, id, method, frame ->
+        when (method) {
+          "connect" -> {
+            webSocket.send(connectResponseFrame(id))
+            webSocket.send(invokeEventFrame)
+          }
+          "node.invoke.result" -> {
+            if (!invokeResultParams.isCompleted) {
+              invokeResultParams.complete(frame["params"]?.toString().orEmpty())
+            }
+            webSocket.send("""{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{"ok":true}}""")
+            webSocket.close(1000, "done")
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    val harness =
+      createNodeHarness(
+        connected = connected,
+        lastDisconnect = lastDisconnect,
+      ) { req ->
+        if (!invokeRequest.isCompleted) invokeRequest.complete(req)
+        onInvoke(req)
+      }
+
+    try {
+      connectNodeSession(harness.session, server.port)
+      awaitConnectedOrThrow(connected, lastDisconnect, server)
+      val request = withTimeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS) { invokeRequest.await() }
+      val resultParamsJson = withTimeout(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS) { invokeResultParams.await() }
+      val resultParams = json.parseToJsonElement(resultParamsJson).jsonObject
+      return InvokeScenarioResult(request = request, resultParams = resultParams)
+    } finally {
+      shutdownHarness(harness, server)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun connectResponseFrame(id: String, canvasHostUrl: String? = null): String {
+    val canvas = canvasHostUrl?.let { "\"canvasHostUrl\":\"$it\"," } ?: ""
+    return """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{$canvas"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}"""
+  }
+
+  private fun startGatewayServer(
+    json: Json,
+    onHandshake: ((RecordedRequest) -> Unit)? = null,
+    onRequestFrame: (webSocket: WebSocket, id: String, method: String, frame: JsonObject) -> Unit,
+  ): MockWebServer =
+    MockWebServer().apply {
+      dispatcher =
+        object : Dispatcher() {
+          override fun dispatch(request: RecordedRequest): MockResponse {
+            onHandshake?.invoke(request)
+            return MockResponse().withWebSocketUpgrade(
+              object : WebSocketListener() {
+                override fun onOpen(webSocket: WebSocket, response: Response) {
+                  webSocket.send(CONNECT_CHALLENGE_FRAME)
+                }
+
+                override fun onMessage(webSocket: WebSocket, text: String) {
+                  val frame = json.parseToJsonElement(text).jsonObject
+                  if (frame["type"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content != "req") return
+                  val id = frame["id"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
+                  val method = frame["method"]?.jsonPrimitive?.content ?: return
+                  onRequestFrame(webSocket, id, method, frame)
+                }
+              },
+            )
+          }
+        }
+      start()
+    }
 }

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/CalendarHandlerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.content.Context
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class CalendarHandlerTest : NodeHandlerRobolectricTest() {
+  @Test
+  fun handleCalendarEvents_requiresPermission() {
+    val handler = CalendarHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakeCalendarDataSource(canRead = false))
+
+    val result = handler.handleCalendarEvents(null)
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("CALENDAR_PERMISSION_REQUIRED", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleCalendarAdd_rejectsEndBeforeStart() {
+    val handler = CalendarHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakeCalendarDataSource(canRead = true, canWrite = true))
+
+    val result =
+      handler.handleCalendarAdd(
+        """{"title":"Standup","startISO":"2026-02-28T10:00:00Z","endISO":"2026-02-28T09:00:00Z"}""",
+      )
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("CALENDAR_INVALID", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleCalendarEvents_returnsEvents() {
+    val event =
+      CalendarEventRecord(
+        identifier = "101",
+        title = "Sprint Planning",
+        startISO = "2026-02-28T10:00:00Z",
+        endISO = "2026-02-28T11:00:00Z",
+        isAllDay = false,
+        location = "Room 1",
+        calendarTitle = "Work",
+      )
+    val handler =
+      CalendarHandler.forTesting(
+        appContext(),
+        FakeCalendarDataSource(canRead = true, events = listOf(event)),
+      )
+
+    val result = handler.handleCalendarEvents("""{"limit":1}""")
+
+    assertTrue(result.ok)
+    val payload = Json.parseToJsonElement(result.payloadJson ?: error("missing payload")).jsonObject
+    val events = payload.getValue("events").jsonArray
+    assertEquals(1, events.size)
+    assertEquals("Sprint Planning", events.first().jsonObject.getValue("title").jsonPrimitive.content)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleCalendarAdd_mapsNotFoundErrorCode() {
+    val source =
+      FakeCalendarDataSource(
+        canRead = true,
+        canWrite = true,
+        addError = IllegalArgumentException("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND: no default calendar"),
+      )
+    val handler = CalendarHandler.forTesting(appContext(), source)
+
+    val result =
+      handler.handleCalendarAdd(
+        """{"title":"Call","startISO":"2026-02-28T10:00:00Z","endISO":"2026-02-28T11:00:00Z"}""",
+      )
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("CALENDAR_NOT_FOUND", result.error?.code)
+  }
+}
+
+private class FakeCalendarDataSource(
+  private val canRead: Boolean,
+  private val canWrite: Boolean = false,
+  private val events: List<CalendarEventRecord> = emptyList(),
+  private val addResult: CalendarEventRecord =
+    CalendarEventRecord(
+      identifier = "0",
+      title = "Default",
+      startISO = "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+      endISO = "2026-01-01T01:00:00Z",
+      isAllDay = false,
+      location = null,
+      calendarTitle = null,
+    ),
+  private val addError: Throwable? = null,
+) : CalendarDataSource {
+  override fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean = canRead
+
+  override fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean = canWrite
+
+  override fun events(context: Context, request: CalendarEventsRequest): List<CalendarEventRecord> = events
+
+  override fun add(context: Context, request: CalendarAddRequest): CalendarEventRecord {
+    addError?.let { throw it }
+    return addResult
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/ContactsHandlerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.content.Context
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class ContactsHandlerTest : NodeHandlerRobolectricTest() {
+  @Test
+  fun handleContactsSearch_requiresReadPermission() {
+    val handler = ContactsHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakeContactsDataSource(canRead = false))
+
+    val result = handler.handleContactsSearch(null)
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleContactsAdd_rejectsEmptyContact() {
+    val handler =
+      ContactsHandler.forTesting(
+        appContext(),
+        FakeContactsDataSource(canRead = true, canWrite = true),
+      )
+
+    val result = handler.handleContactsAdd("""{"givenName":" ","emails":[]}""")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("CONTACTS_INVALID", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleContactsSearch_returnsContacts() {
+    val contact =
+      ContactRecord(
+        identifier = "1",
+        displayName = "Ada Lovelace",
+        givenName = "Ada",
+        familyName = "Lovelace",
+        organizationName = "Analytical Engine",
+        phoneNumbers = listOf("+12025550123"),
+        emails = listOf("ada@example.com"),
+      )
+    val handler =
+      ContactsHandler.forTesting(
+        appContext(),
+        FakeContactsDataSource(canRead = true, searchResults = listOf(contact)),
+      )
+
+    val result = handler.handleContactsSearch("""{"query":"ada","limit":1}""")
+
+    assertTrue(result.ok)
+    val payload = Json.parseToJsonElement(result.payloadJson ?: error("missing payload")).jsonObject
+    val contacts = payload.getValue("contacts").jsonArray
+    assertEquals(1, contacts.size)
+    assertEquals("Ada Lovelace", contacts.first().jsonObject.getValue("displayName").jsonPrimitive.content)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleContactsAdd_returnsAddedContact() {
+    val added =
+      ContactRecord(
+        identifier = "2",
+        displayName = "Grace Hopper",
+        givenName = "Grace",
+        familyName = "Hopper",
+        organizationName = "US Navy",
+        phoneNumbers = listOf(),
+        emails = listOf("grace@example.com"),
+      )
+    val source = FakeContactsDataSource(canRead = true, canWrite = true, addResult = added)
+    val handler = ContactsHandler.forTesting(appContext(), source)
+
+    val result =
+      handler.handleContactsAdd(
+        """{"givenName":"Grace","familyName":"Hopper","emails":["grace@example.com"]}""",
+      )
+
+    assertTrue(result.ok)
+    val payload = Json.parseToJsonElement(result.payloadJson ?: error("missing payload")).jsonObject
+    val contact = payload.getValue("contact").jsonObject
+    assertEquals("Grace Hopper", contact.getValue("displayName").jsonPrimitive.content)
+    assertEquals(1, source.addCalls)
+  }
+}
+
+private class FakeContactsDataSource(
+  private val canRead: Boolean,
+  private val canWrite: Boolean = false,
+  private val searchResults: List<ContactRecord> = emptyList(),
+  private val addResult: ContactRecord =
+    ContactRecord(
+      identifier = "0",
+      displayName = "Default",
+      givenName = "",
+      familyName = "",
+      organizationName = "",
+      phoneNumbers = emptyList(),
+      emails = emptyList(),
+    ),
+) : ContactsDataSource {
+  var addCalls: Int = 0
+    private set
+
+  override fun hasReadPermission(context: Context): Boolean = canRead
+
+  override fun hasWritePermission(context: Context): Boolean = canWrite
+
+  override fun search(context: Context, request: ContactsSearchRequest): List<ContactRecord> = searchResults
+
+  override fun add(context: Context, request: ContactsAddRequest): ContactRecord {
+    addCalls += 1
+    return addResult
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/DeviceHandlerTest.kt

@@ -90,6 +90,11 @@ class DeviceHandlerTest {
         "backgroundLocation",
         "sms",
         "notificationListener",
+        "notifications",
+        "photos",
+        "contacts",
+        "calendar",
+        "motion",
         "screenCapture",
       )
     for (key in expected) {

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/InvokeCommandRegistryTest.kt

@@ -1,64 +1,166 @@
 package ai.openclaw.android.node
 
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCalendarCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCameraCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawCapability
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawContactsCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawDeviceCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawLocationCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawMotionCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawNotificationsCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawPhotosCommand
 import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSmsCommand
+import ai.openclaw.android.protocol.OpenClawSystemCommand
 import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
 import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
 import org.junit.Test
 
 class InvokeCommandRegistryTest {
+  private val coreCapabilities =
+    setOf(
+      OpenClawCapability.Canvas.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Screen.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Device.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Notifications.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.System.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.AppUpdate.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Photos.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Contacts.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Calendar.rawValue,
+    )
+
+  private val optionalCapabilities =
+    setOf(
+      OpenClawCapability.Camera.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Location.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Sms.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.VoiceWake.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCapability.Motion.rawValue,
+    )
+
+  private val coreCommands =
+    setOf(
+      OpenClawDeviceCommand.Status.rawValue,
+      OpenClawDeviceCommand.Info.rawValue,
+      OpenClawDeviceCommand.Permissions.rawValue,
+      OpenClawDeviceCommand.Health.rawValue,
+      OpenClawNotificationsCommand.List.rawValue,
+      OpenClawNotificationsCommand.Actions.rawValue,
+      OpenClawSystemCommand.Notify.rawValue,
+      OpenClawPhotosCommand.Latest.rawValue,
+      OpenClawContactsCommand.Search.rawValue,
+      OpenClawContactsCommand.Add.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCalendarCommand.Events.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCalendarCommand.Add.rawValue,
+      "app.update",
+    )
+
+  private val optionalCommands =
+    setOf(
+      OpenClawCameraCommand.Snap.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCameraCommand.Clip.rawValue,
+      OpenClawCameraCommand.List.rawValue,
+      OpenClawLocationCommand.Get.rawValue,
+      OpenClawMotionCommand.Activity.rawValue,
+      OpenClawMotionCommand.Pedometer.rawValue,
+      OpenClawSmsCommand.Send.rawValue,
+    )
+
+  private val debugCommands = setOf("debug.logs", "debug.ed25519")
+
   @Test
-  fun advertisedCommands_respectsFeatureAvailability() {
-    val commands =
-      InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(
-        cameraEnabled = false,
-        locationEnabled = false,
-        smsAvailable = false,
-        debugBuild = false,
+  fun advertisedCapabilities_respectsFeatureAvailability() {
+    val capabilities = InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCapabilities(defaultFlags())
+
+    assertContainsAll(capabilities, coreCapabilities)
+    assertMissingAll(capabilities, optionalCapabilities)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun advertisedCapabilities_includesFeatureCapabilitiesWhenEnabled() {
+    val capabilities =
+      InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCapabilities(
+        defaultFlags(
+          cameraEnabled = true,
+          locationEnabled = true,
+          smsAvailable = true,
+          voiceWakeEnabled = true,
+          motionActivityAvailable = true,
+          motionPedometerAvailable = true,
+        ),
       )
 
-    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.Snap.rawValue))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.Clip.rawValue))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.List.rawValue))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawLocationCommand.Get.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Status.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Info.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Permissions.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Health.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawNotificationsCommand.List.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawNotificationsCommand.Actions.rawValue))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawSmsCommand.Send.rawValue))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains("debug.logs"))
-    assertFalse(commands.contains("debug.ed25519"))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains("app.update"))
+    assertContainsAll(capabilities, coreCapabilities + optionalCapabilities)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun advertisedCommands_respectsFeatureAvailability() {
+    val commands = InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(defaultFlags())
+
+    assertContainsAll(commands, coreCommands)
+    assertMissingAll(commands, optionalCommands + debugCommands)
   }
 
   @Test
   fun advertisedCommands_includesFeatureCommandsWhenEnabled() {
     val commands =
       InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(
-        cameraEnabled = true,
-        locationEnabled = true,
-        smsAvailable = true,
-        debugBuild = true,
+        defaultFlags(
+          cameraEnabled = true,
+          locationEnabled = true,
+          smsAvailable = true,
+          motionActivityAvailable = true,
+          motionPedometerAvailable = true,
+          debugBuild = true,
+        ),
       )
 
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.Snap.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.Clip.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawCameraCommand.List.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawLocationCommand.Get.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Status.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Info.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Permissions.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawDeviceCommand.Health.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawNotificationsCommand.List.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawNotificationsCommand.Actions.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawSmsCommand.Send.rawValue))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains("debug.logs"))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains("debug.ed25519"))
-    assertTrue(commands.contains("app.update"))
+    assertContainsAll(commands, coreCommands + optionalCommands + debugCommands)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun advertisedCommands_onlyIncludesSupportedMotionCommands() {
+    val commands =
+      InvokeCommandRegistry.advertisedCommands(
+        NodeRuntimeFlags(
+          cameraEnabled = false,
+          locationEnabled = false,
+          smsAvailable = false,
+          voiceWakeEnabled = false,
+          motionActivityAvailable = true,
+          motionPedometerAvailable = false,
+          debugBuild = false,
+        ),
+      )
+
+    assertTrue(commands.contains(OpenClawMotionCommand.Activity.rawValue))
+    assertFalse(commands.contains(OpenClawMotionCommand.Pedometer.rawValue))
+  }
+
+  private fun defaultFlags(
+    cameraEnabled: Boolean = false,
+    locationEnabled: Boolean = false,
+    smsAvailable: Boolean = false,
+    voiceWakeEnabled: Boolean = false,
+    motionActivityAvailable: Boolean = false,
+    motionPedometerAvailable: Boolean = false,
+    debugBuild: Boolean = false,
+  ): NodeRuntimeFlags =
+    NodeRuntimeFlags(
+      cameraEnabled = cameraEnabled,
+      locationEnabled = locationEnabled,
+      smsAvailable = smsAvailable,
+      voiceWakeEnabled = voiceWakeEnabled,
+      motionActivityAvailable = motionActivityAvailable,
+      motionPedometerAvailable = motionPedometerAvailable,
+      debugBuild = debugBuild,
+    )
+
+  private fun assertContainsAll(actual: List<String>, expected: Set<String>) {
+    expected.forEach { value -> assertTrue(actual.contains(value)) }
+  }
+
+  private fun assertMissingAll(actual: List<String>, forbidden: Set<String>) {
+    forbidden.forEach { value -> assertFalse(actual.contains(value)) }
   }
 }

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/MotionHandlerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.content.Context
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class MotionHandlerTest : NodeHandlerRobolectricTest() {
+  @Test
+  fun handleMotionActivity_requiresPermission() =
+    runTest {
+      val handler = MotionHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakeMotionDataSource(hasPermission = false))
+
+      val result = handler.handleMotionActivity(null)
+
+      assertFalse(result.ok)
+      assertEquals("MOTION_PERMISSION_REQUIRED", result.error?.code)
+    }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleMotionActivity_rejectsInvalidJson() =
+    runTest {
+      val handler = MotionHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakeMotionDataSource(hasPermission = true))
+
+      val result = handler.handleMotionActivity("[]")
+
+      assertFalse(result.ok)
+      assertEquals("INVALID_REQUEST", result.error?.code)
+    }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleMotionActivity_returnsActivityPayload() =
+    runTest {
+      val activity =
+        MotionActivityRecord(
+          startISO = "2026-02-28T10:00:00Z",
+          endISO = "2026-02-28T10:00:02Z",
+          confidence = "high",
+          isWalking = true,
+          isRunning = false,
+          isCycling = false,
+          isAutomotive = false,
+          isStationary = false,
+          isUnknown = false,
+        )
+      val handler =
+        MotionHandler.forTesting(
+          appContext(),
+          FakeMotionDataSource(hasPermission = true, activityRecord = activity),
+        )
+
+      val result = handler.handleMotionActivity(null)
+
+      assertTrue(result.ok)
+      val payload = Json.parseToJsonElement(result.payloadJson ?: error("missing payload")).jsonObject
+      val activities = payload.getValue("activities").jsonArray
+      assertEquals(1, activities.size)
+      assertEquals("high", activities.first().jsonObject.getValue("confidence").jsonPrimitive.content)
+    }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleMotionPedometer_mapsRangeUnsupportedError() =
+    runTest {
+      val handler =
+        MotionHandler.forTesting(
+          appContext(),
+          FakeMotionDataSource(
+            hasPermission = true,
+            pedometerError = IllegalArgumentException("PEDOMETER_RANGE_UNAVAILABLE: not supported"),
+          ),
+        )
+
+      val result = handler.handleMotionPedometer("""{"startISO":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z"}""")
+
+      assertFalse(result.ok)
+      assertEquals("MOTION_UNAVAILABLE", result.error?.code)
+      assertTrue(result.error?.message?.contains("PEDOMETER_RANGE_UNAVAILABLE") == true)
+    }
+}
+
+private class FakeMotionDataSource(
+  private val hasPermission: Boolean,
+  private val activityAvailable: Boolean = true,
+  private val pedometerAvailable: Boolean = true,
+  private val activityRecord: MotionActivityRecord =
+    MotionActivityRecord(
+      startISO = "2026-02-28T00:00:00Z",
+      endISO = "2026-02-28T00:00:02Z",
+      confidence = "medium",
+      isWalking = false,
+      isRunning = false,
+      isCycling = false,
+      isAutomotive = false,
+      isStationary = true,
+      isUnknown = false,
+    ),
+  private val pedometerRecord: PedometerRecord =
+    PedometerRecord(
+      startISO = "2026-02-28T00:00:00Z",
+      endISO = "2026-02-28T01:00:00Z",
+      steps = 1234,
+      distanceMeters = null,
+      floorsAscended = null,
+      floorsDescended = null,
+    ),
+  private val activityError: Throwable? = null,
+  private val pedometerError: Throwable? = null,
+) : MotionDataSource {
+  override fun isActivityAvailable(context: Context): Boolean = activityAvailable
+
+  override fun isPedometerAvailable(context: Context): Boolean = pedometerAvailable
+
+  override fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean = hasPermission
+
+  override suspend fun activity(context: Context, request: MotionActivityRequest): MotionActivityRecord {
+    activityError?.let { throw it }
+    return activityRecord
+  }
+
+  override suspend fun pedometer(context: Context, request: MotionPedometerRequest): PedometerRecord {
+    pedometerError?.let { throw it }
+    return pedometerRecord
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/NodeHandlerRobolectricTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.content.Context
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment
+
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
+abstract class NodeHandlerRobolectricTest {
+  protected fun appContext(): Context = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/PhotosHandlerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import android.content.Context
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.int
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonArray
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonObject
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.jsonPrimitive
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class PhotosHandlerTest : NodeHandlerRobolectricTest() {
+  @Test
+  fun handlePhotosLatest_requiresPermission() {
+    val handler = PhotosHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakePhotosDataSource(hasPermission = false))
+
+    val result = handler.handlePhotosLatest(null)
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("PHOTOS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handlePhotosLatest_rejectsInvalidJson() {
+    val handler = PhotosHandler.forTesting(appContext(), FakePhotosDataSource(hasPermission = true))
+
+    val result = handler.handlePhotosLatest("[]")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("INVALID_REQUEST", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handlePhotosLatest_returnsPayload() {
+    val source =
+      FakePhotosDataSource(
+        hasPermission = true,
+        latest = listOf(
+          EncodedPhotoPayload(
+            format = "jpeg",
+            base64 = "abc123",
+            width = 640,
+            height = 480,
+            createdAt = "2026-02-28T00:00:00Z",
+          ),
+        ),
+      )
+    val handler = PhotosHandler.forTesting(appContext(), source)
+
+    val result = handler.handlePhotosLatest("""{"limit":1}""")
+
+    assertTrue(result.ok)
+    val payload = Json.parseToJsonElement(result.payloadJson ?: error("missing payload")).jsonObject
+    val photos = payload.getValue("photos").jsonArray
+    assertEquals(1, photos.size)
+    val first = photos.first().jsonObject
+    assertEquals("jpeg", first.getValue("format").jsonPrimitive.content)
+    assertEquals(640, first.getValue("width").jsonPrimitive.int)
+  }
+}
+
+private class FakePhotosDataSource(
+  private val hasPermission: Boolean,
+  private val latest: List<EncodedPhotoPayload> = emptyList(),
+) : PhotosDataSource {
+  override fun hasPermission(context: Context): Boolean = hasPermission
+
+  override fun latest(context: Context, request: PhotosLatestRequest): List<EncodedPhotoPayload> = latest
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/node/SystemHandlerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package ai.openclaw.android.node
+
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertFalse
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class SystemHandlerTest {
+  @Test
+  fun handleSystemNotify_rejectsUnauthorized() {
+    val handler = SystemHandler.forTesting(poster = FakePoster(authorized = false))
+
+    val result = handler.handleSystemNotify("""{"title":"OpenClaw","body":"hi"}""")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("NOT_AUTHORIZED", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleSystemNotify_rejectsEmptyNotification() {
+    val handler = SystemHandler.forTesting(poster = FakePoster(authorized = true))
+
+    val result = handler.handleSystemNotify("""{"title":"   ","body":"  "}""")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("INVALID_REQUEST", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleSystemNotify_postsNotification() {
+    val poster = FakePoster(authorized = true)
+    val handler = SystemHandler.forTesting(poster = poster)
+
+    val result = handler.handleSystemNotify("""{"title":"OpenClaw","body":"done","priority":"active"}""")
+
+    assertTrue(result.ok)
+    assertEquals(1, poster.posts)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleSystemNotify_returnsUnauthorizedWhenPostFailsPermission() {
+    val handler = SystemHandler.forTesting(poster = ThrowingPoster(authorized = true, error = SecurityException("denied")))
+
+    val result = handler.handleSystemNotify("""{"title":"OpenClaw","body":"done"}""")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("NOT_AUTHORIZED", result.error?.code)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun handleSystemNotify_returnsUnavailableWhenPostFailsUnexpectedly() {
+    val handler = SystemHandler.forTesting(poster = ThrowingPoster(authorized = true, error = IllegalStateException("boom")))
+
+    val result = handler.handleSystemNotify("""{"title":"OpenClaw","body":"done"}""")
+
+    assertFalse(result.ok)
+    assertEquals("UNAVAILABLE", result.error?.code)
+  }
+}
+
+private class FakePoster(
+  private val authorized: Boolean,
+) : SystemNotificationPoster {
+  var posts: Int = 0
+    private set
+
+  override fun isAuthorized(): Boolean = authorized
+
+  override fun post(request: SystemNotifyRequest) {
+    posts += 1
+  }
+}
+
+private class ThrowingPoster(
+  private val authorized: Boolean,
+  private val error: Throwable,
+) : SystemNotificationPoster {
+  override fun isAuthorized(): Boolean = authorized
+
+  override fun post(request: SystemNotifyRequest) {
+    throw error
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/android/protocol/OpenClawProtocolConstantsTest.kt

@@ -29,6 +29,13 @@ class OpenClawProtocolConstantsTest {
     assertEquals("location", OpenClawCapability.Location.rawValue)
     assertEquals("sms", OpenClawCapability.Sms.rawValue)
     assertEquals("device", OpenClawCapability.Device.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("notifications", OpenClawCapability.Notifications.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("system", OpenClawCapability.System.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("appUpdate", OpenClawCapability.AppUpdate.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("photos", OpenClawCapability.Photos.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("contacts", OpenClawCapability.Contacts.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("calendar", OpenClawCapability.Calendar.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("motion", OpenClawCapability.Motion.rawValue)
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -56,4 +63,32 @@ class OpenClawProtocolConstantsTest {
     assertEquals("device.permissions", OpenClawDeviceCommand.Permissions.rawValue)
     assertEquals("device.health", OpenClawDeviceCommand.Health.rawValue)
   }
+
+  @Test
+  fun systemCommandsUseStableStrings() {
+    assertEquals("system.notify", OpenClawSystemCommand.Notify.rawValue)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun photosCommandsUseStableStrings() {
+    assertEquals("photos.latest", OpenClawPhotosCommand.Latest.rawValue)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun contactsCommandsUseStableStrings() {
+    assertEquals("contacts.search", OpenClawContactsCommand.Search.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("contacts.add", OpenClawContactsCommand.Add.rawValue)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun calendarCommandsUseStableStrings() {
+    assertEquals("calendar.events", OpenClawCalendarCommand.Events.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("calendar.add", OpenClawCalendarCommand.Add.rawValue)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun motionCommandsUseStableStrings() {
+    assertEquals("motion.activity", OpenClawMotionCommand.Activity.rawValue)
+    assertEquals("motion.pedometer", OpenClawMotionCommand.Pedometer.rawValue)
+  }
 }

apps/android/benchmark/build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,36 +1,45 @@
 plugins {
-  id("com.android.test")
+    id("com.android.test")
+    id("org.jlleitschuh.gradle.ktlint")
 }
 
 android {
-  namespace = "ai.openclaw.android.benchmark"
-  compileSdk = 36
+    namespace = "ai.openclaw.android.benchmark"
+    compileSdk = 36
 
-  defaultConfig {
-    minSdk = 31
-    targetSdk = 36
-    testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
-    testInstrumentationRunnerArguments["androidx.benchmark.suppressErrors"] = "DEBUGGABLE,EMULATOR"
-  }
+    defaultConfig {
+        minSdk = 31
+        targetSdk = 36
+        testInstrumentationRunner = "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
+        testInstrumentationRunnerArguments["androidx.benchmark.suppressErrors"] = "DEBUGGABLE,EMULATOR"
+    }
 
-  targetProjectPath = ":app"
-  experimentalProperties["android.experimental.self-instrumenting"] = true
+    targetProjectPath = ":app"
+    experimentalProperties["android.experimental.self-instrumenting"] = true
 
-  compileOptions {
-    sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
-    targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
-  }
+    compileOptions {
+        sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+        targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_17
+    }
 }
 
 kotlin {
-  compilerOptions {
-    jvmTarget.set(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget.JVM_17)
-    allWarningsAsErrors.set(true)
-  }
+    compilerOptions {
+        jvmTarget.set(org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget.JVM_17)
+        allWarningsAsErrors.set(true)
+    }
+}
+
+ktlint {
+    android.set(true)
+    ignoreFailures.set(false)
+    filter {
+        exclude("**/build/**")
+    }
 }
 
 dependencies {
-  implementation("androidx.benchmark:benchmark-macro-junit4:1.4.1")
-  implementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.2.1")
-  implementation("androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.4.0-alpha06")
+    implementation("androidx.benchmark:benchmark-macro-junit4:1.4.1")
+    implementation("androidx.test.ext:junit:1.2.1")
+    implementation("androidx.test.uiautomator:uiautomator:2.4.0-alpha06")
 }

apps/android/build.gradle.kts

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 plugins {
   id("com.android.application") version "9.0.1" apply false
   id("com.android.test") version "9.0.1" apply false
+  id("org.jlleitschuh.gradle.ktlint") version "14.0.1" apply false
   id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.compose") version "2.2.21" apply false
   id("org.jetbrains.kotlin.plugin.serialization") version "2.2.21" apply false
 }

apps/android/gradle.properties

@@ -3,12 +3,7 @@ org.gradle.warning.mode=none
 android.useAndroidX=true
 android.nonTransitiveRClass=true
 android.enableR8.fullMode=true
-android.defaults.buildfeatures.resvalues=true
-android.sdk.defaultTargetSdkToCompileSdkIfUnset=false
-android.enableAppCompileTimeRClass=false
-android.usesSdkInManifest.disallowed=false
 android.uniquePackageNames=false
-android.dependency.useConstraints=true
+android.dependency.useConstraints=false
 android.r8.strictFullModeForKeepRules=false
-android.r8.optimizedResourceShrinking=false
 android.newDsl=true

apps/ios/ShareExtension/Info.plist

@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
 	<string>XPC!</string>
 	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
-	<string>2026.2.27</string>
+	<string>2026.3.2</string>
 	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
-	<string>20260227</string>
+	<string>20260301</string>
 	<key>NSExtension</key>
 	<dict>
 		<key>NSExtensionAttributes</key>

apps/ios/Sources/Camera/CameraController.swift

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import AVFoundation
 import OpenClawKit
 import Foundation
+import os
 
 actor CameraController {
     struct CameraDeviceInfo: Codable, Sendable {
@@ -52,46 +53,27 @@ actor CameraController {
 
         try await self.ensureAccess(for: .video)
 
-        let session = AVCaptureSession()
-        session.sessionPreset = .photo
-
-        guard let device = Self.pickCamera(facing: facing, deviceId: params.deviceId) else {
-            throw CameraError.cameraUnavailable
-        }
-
-        let input = try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: device)
-        guard session.canAddInput(input) else {
-            throw CameraError.captureFailed("Failed to add camera input")
-        }
-        session.addInput(input)
-
-        let output = AVCapturePhotoOutput()
-        guard session.canAddOutput(output) else {
-            throw CameraError.captureFailed("Failed to add photo output")
-        }
-        session.addOutput(output)
-        output.maxPhotoQualityPrioritization = .quality
+        let prepared = try CameraCapturePipelineSupport.preparePhotoSession(
+            preferFrontCamera: facing == .front,
+            deviceId: params.deviceId,
+            pickCamera: { preferFrontCamera, deviceId in
+                Self.pickCamera(facing: preferFrontCamera ? .front : .back, deviceId: deviceId)
+            },
+            cameraUnavailableError: CameraError.cameraUnavailable,
+            mapSetupError: { setupError in
+                CameraError.captureFailed(setupError.localizedDescription)
+            })
+        let session = prepared.session
+        let output = prepared.output
 
         session.startRunning()
         defer { session.stopRunning() }
-        await Self.warmUpCaptureSession()
+        await CameraCapturePipelineSupport.warmUpCaptureSession()
         await Self.sleepDelayMs(delayMs)
 
-        let settings: AVCapturePhotoSettings = {
-            if output.availablePhotoCodecTypes.contains(.jpeg) {
-                return AVCapturePhotoSettings(format: [AVVideoCodecKey: AVVideoCodecType.jpeg])
-            }
-            return AVCapturePhotoSettings()
-        }()
-        settings.photoQualityPrioritization = .quality
-
-        var delegate: PhotoCaptureDelegate?
-        let rawData: Data = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            let d = PhotoCaptureDelegate(cont)
-            delegate = d
-            output.capturePhoto(with: settings, delegate: d)
+        let rawData = try await CameraCapturePipelineSupport.capturePhotoData(output: output) { continuation in
+            PhotoCaptureDelegate(continuation)
         }
-        withExtendedLifetime(delegate) {}
 
         let res = try PhotoCapture.transcodeJPEGForGateway(
             rawData: rawData,
@@ -121,63 +103,37 @@ actor CameraController {
             try await self.ensureAccess(for: .audio)
         }
 
-        let session = AVCaptureSession()
-        session.sessionPreset = .high
-
-        guard let camera = Self.pickCamera(facing: facing, deviceId: params.deviceId) else {
-            throw CameraError.cameraUnavailable
-        }
-        let cameraInput = try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: camera)
-        guard session.canAddInput(cameraInput) else {
-            throw CameraError.captureFailed("Failed to add camera input")
-        }
-        session.addInput(cameraInput)
-
-        if includeAudio {
-            guard let mic = AVCaptureDevice.default(for: .audio) else {
-                throw CameraError.microphoneUnavailable
-            }
-            let micInput = try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: mic)
-            if session.canAddInput(micInput) {
-                session.addInput(micInput)
-            } else {
-                throw CameraError.captureFailed("Failed to add microphone input")
-            }
-        }
-
-        let output = AVCaptureMovieFileOutput()
-        guard session.canAddOutput(output) else {
-            throw CameraError.captureFailed("Failed to add movie output")
-        }
-        session.addOutput(output)
-        output.maxRecordedDuration = CMTime(value: Int64(durationMs), timescale: 1000)
-
-        session.startRunning()
-        defer { session.stopRunning() }
-        await Self.warmUpCaptureSession()
-
         let movURL = FileManager().temporaryDirectory
             .appendingPathComponent("openclaw-camera-\(UUID().uuidString).mov")
         let mp4URL = FileManager().temporaryDirectory
             .appendingPathComponent("openclaw-camera-\(UUID().uuidString).mp4")
-
         defer {
             try? FileManager().removeItem(at: movURL)
             try? FileManager().removeItem(at: mp4URL)
         }
 
-        var delegate: MovieFileDelegate?
-        let recordedURL: URL = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            let d = MovieFileDelegate(cont)
-            delegate = d
-            output.startRecording(to: movURL, recordingDelegate: d)
-        }
-        withExtendedLifetime(delegate) {}
-
-        // Transcode .mov -> .mp4 for easier downstream handling.
-        try await Self.exportToMP4(inputURL: recordedURL, outputURL: mp4URL)
-
-        let data = try Data(contentsOf: mp4URL)
+        let data = try await CameraCapturePipelineSupport.withWarmMovieSession(
+            preferFrontCamera: facing == .front,
+            deviceId: params.deviceId,
+            includeAudio: includeAudio,
+            durationMs: durationMs,
+            pickCamera: { preferFrontCamera, deviceId in
+                Self.pickCamera(facing: preferFrontCamera ? .front : .back, deviceId: deviceId)
+            },
+            cameraUnavailableError: CameraError.cameraUnavailable,
+            mapSetupError: Self.mapMovieSetupError,
+            operation: { output in
+                var delegate: MovieFileDelegate?
+                let recordedURL: URL = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
+                    let d = MovieFileDelegate(cont)
+                    delegate = d
+                    output.startRecording(to: movURL, recordingDelegate: d)
+                }
+                withExtendedLifetime(delegate) {}
+                // Transcode .mov -> .mp4 for easier downstream handling.
+                try await Self.exportToMP4(inputURL: recordedURL, outputURL: mp4URL)
+                return try Data(contentsOf: mp4URL)
+            })
         return (
             format: format.rawValue,
             base64: data.base64EncodedString(),
@@ -196,22 +152,7 @@ actor CameraController {
     }
 
     private func ensureAccess(for mediaType: AVMediaType) async throws {
-        let status = AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatus(for: mediaType)
-        switch status {
-        case .authorized:
-            return
-        case .notDetermined:
-            let ok = await withCheckedContinuation(isolation: nil) { cont in
-                AVCaptureDevice.requestAccess(for: mediaType) { granted in
-                    cont.resume(returning: granted)
-                }
-            }
-            if !ok {
-                throw CameraError.permissionDenied(kind: mediaType == .video ? "Camera" : "Microphone")
-            }
-        case .denied, .restricted:
-            throw CameraError.permissionDenied(kind: mediaType == .video ? "Camera" : "Microphone")
-        @unknown default:
+        if !(await CameraAuthorization.isAuthorized(for: mediaType)) {
             throw CameraError.permissionDenied(kind: mediaType == .video ? "Camera" : "Microphone")
         }
     }
@@ -233,12 +174,15 @@ actor CameraController {
         return AVCaptureDevice.default(for: .video)
     }
 
+    private nonisolated static func mapMovieSetupError(_ setupError: CameraSessionConfigurationError) -> CameraError {
+        CameraCapturePipelineSupport.mapMovieSetupError(
+            setupError,
+            microphoneUnavailableError: .microphoneUnavailable,
+            captureFailed: { .captureFailed($0) })
+    }
+
     private nonisolated static func positionLabel(_ position: AVCaptureDevice.Position) -> String {
-        switch position {
-        case .front: "front"
-        case .back: "back"
-        default: "unspecified"
-        }
+        CameraCapturePipelineSupport.positionLabel(position)
     }
 
     private nonisolated static func discoverVideoDevices() -> [AVCaptureDevice] {
@@ -307,11 +251,6 @@ actor CameraController {
         }
     }
 
-    private nonisolated static func warmUpCaptureSession() async {
-        // A short delay after `startRunning()` significantly reduces "blank first frame" captures on some devices.
-        try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 150_000_000) // 150ms
-    }
-
     private nonisolated static func sleepDelayMs(_ delayMs: Int) async {
         guard delayMs > 0 else { return }
         let maxDelayMs = 10 * 1000
@@ -322,7 +261,7 @@ actor CameraController {
 
 private final class PhotoCaptureDelegate: NSObject, AVCapturePhotoCaptureDelegate {
     private let continuation: CheckedContinuation<Data, Error>
-    private var didResume = false
+    private let resumed = OSAllocatedUnfairLock(initialState: false)
 
     init(_ continuation: CheckedContinuation<Data, Error>) {
         self.continuation = continuation
@@ -333,8 +272,12 @@ private final class PhotoCaptureDelegate: NSObject, AVCapturePhotoCaptureDelegat
         didFinishProcessingPhoto photo: AVCapturePhoto,
         error: Error?
     ) {
-        guard !self.didResume else { return }
-        self.didResume = true
+        let alreadyResumed = self.resumed.withLock { old in
+            let was = old
+            old = true
+            return was
+        }
+        guard !alreadyResumed else { return }
 
         if let error {
             self.continuation.resume(throwing: error)
@@ -363,15 +306,19 @@ private final class PhotoCaptureDelegate: NSObject, AVCapturePhotoCaptureDelegat
         error: Error?
     ) {
         guard let error else { return }
-        guard !self.didResume else { return }
-        self.didResume = true
+        let alreadyResumed = self.resumed.withLock { old in
+            let was = old
+            old = true
+            return was
+        }
+        guard !alreadyResumed else { return }
         self.continuation.resume(throwing: error)
     }
 }
 
 private final class MovieFileDelegate: NSObject, AVCaptureFileOutputRecordingDelegate {
     private let continuation: CheckedContinuation<URL, Error>
-    private var didResume = false
+    private let resumed = OSAllocatedUnfairLock(initialState: false)
 
     init(_ continuation: CheckedContinuation<URL, Error>) {
         self.continuation = continuation
@@ -383,8 +330,12 @@ private final class MovieFileDelegate: NSObject, AVCaptureFileOutputRecordingDel
         from connections: [AVCaptureConnection],
         error: Error?)
     {
-        guard !self.didResume else { return }
-        self.didResume = true
+        let alreadyResumed = self.resumed.withLock { old in
+            let was = old
+            old = true
+            return was
+        }
+        guard !alreadyResumed else { return }
 
         if let error {
             let ns = error as NSError

apps/ios/Sources/Contacts/ContactsService.swift

@@ -15,14 +15,7 @@ final class ContactsService: ContactsServicing {
     }
 
     func search(params: OpenClawContactsSearchParams) async throws -> OpenClawContactsSearchPayload {
-        let store = CNContactStore()
-        let status = CNContactStore.authorizationStatus(for: .contacts)
-        let authorized = await Self.ensureAuthorization(store: store, status: status)
-        guard authorized else {
-            throw NSError(domain: "Contacts", code: 1, userInfo: [
-                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Contacts permission",
-            ])
-        }
+        let store = try await Self.authorizedStore()
 
         let limit = max(1, min(params.limit ?? 25, 200))
 
@@ -47,14 +40,7 @@ final class ContactsService: ContactsServicing {
     }
 
     func add(params: OpenClawContactsAddParams) async throws -> OpenClawContactsAddPayload {
-        let store = CNContactStore()
-        let status = CNContactStore.authorizationStatus(for: .contacts)
-        let authorized = await Self.ensureAuthorization(store: store, status: status)
-        guard authorized else {
-            throw NSError(domain: "Contacts", code: 1, userInfo: [
-                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Contacts permission",
-            ])
-        }
+        let store = try await Self.authorizedStore()
 
         let givenName = params.givenName?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
         let familyName = params.familyName?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
@@ -127,6 +113,18 @@ final class ContactsService: ContactsServicing {
         }
     }
 
+    private static func authorizedStore() async throws -> CNContactStore {
+        let store = CNContactStore()
+        let status = CNContactStore.authorizationStatus(for: .contacts)
+        let authorized = await Self.ensureAuthorization(store: store, status: status)
+        guard authorized else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "Contacts", code: 1, userInfo: [
+                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "CONTACTS_PERMISSION_REQUIRED: grant Contacts permission",
+            ])
+        }
+        return store
+    }
+
     private static func normalizeStrings(_ values: [String]?, lowercased: Bool = false) -> [String] {
         (values ?? [])
             .map { $0.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) }

apps/ios/Sources/Device/DeviceInfoHelper.swift

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import Darwin
 /// Shared device and platform info for Settings, gateway node payloads, and device status.
 enum DeviceInfoHelper {
     /// e.g. "iOS 18.0.0" or "iPadOS 18.0.0" by interface idiom. Use for gateway/device payloads.
+    @MainActor
     static func platformString() -> String {
         let v = ProcessInfo.processInfo.operatingSystemVersion
         let name = switch UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ enum DeviceInfoHelper {
     }
 
     /// Device family for display: "iPad", "iPhone", or "iOS".
+    @MainActor
     static func deviceFamily() -> String {
         switch UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom {
         case .pad:

apps/ios/Sources/Device/DeviceStatusService.swift

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import Foundation
 import OpenClawKit
 import UIKit
 
+@MainActor
 final class DeviceStatusService: DeviceStatusServicing {
     private let networkStatus: NetworkStatusService
 

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/GatewayConnectionController.swift

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import Darwin
 import OpenClawKit
 import Network
 import Observation
+import os
 import Photos
 import ReplayKit
 import Security
@@ -990,12 +991,16 @@ extension GatewayConnectionController {
 #endif
 
 private final class GatewayTLSFingerprintProbe: NSObject, URLSessionDelegate, @unchecked Sendable {
+    private struct ProbeState {
+        var didFinish = false
+        var session: URLSession?
+        var task: URLSessionWebSocketTask?
+    }
+
     private let url: URL
     private let timeoutSeconds: Double
     private let onComplete: (String?) -> Void
-    private var didFinish = false
-    private var session: URLSession?
-    private var task: URLSessionWebSocketTask?
+    private let state = OSAllocatedUnfairLock(initialState: ProbeState())
 
     init(url: URL, timeoutSeconds: Double, onComplete: @escaping (String?) -> Void) {
         self.url = url
@@ -1008,9 +1013,11 @@ private final class GatewayTLSFingerprintProbe: NSObject, URLSessionDelegate, @u
         config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = self.timeoutSeconds
         config.timeoutIntervalForResource = self.timeoutSeconds
         let session = URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil)
-        self.session = session
         let task = session.webSocketTask(with: self.url)
-        self.task = task
+        self.state.withLock { s in
+            s.session = session
+            s.task = task
+        }
         task.resume()
 
         DispatchQueue.global(qos: .utility).asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + self.timeoutSeconds) { [weak self] in
@@ -1036,12 +1043,18 @@ private final class GatewayTLSFingerprintProbe: NSObject, URLSessionDelegate, @u
     }
 
     private func finish(_ fingerprint: String?) {
-        objc_sync_enter(self)
-        defer { objc_sync_exit(self) }
-        guard !self.didFinish else { return }
-        self.didFinish = true
-        self.task?.cancel(with: .goingAway, reason: nil)
-        self.session?.invalidateAndCancel()
+        let (shouldComplete, taskToCancel, sessionToInvalidate) = self.state.withLock { s -> (Bool, URLSessionWebSocketTask?, URLSession?) in
+            guard !s.didFinish else { return (false, nil, nil) }
+            s.didFinish = true
+            let task = s.task
+            let session = s.session
+            s.task = nil
+            s.session = nil
+            return (true, task, session)
+        }
+        guard shouldComplete else { return }
+        taskToCancel?.cancel(with: .goingAway, reason: nil)
+        sessionToInvalidate?.invalidateAndCancel()
         self.onComplete(fingerprint)
     }
 

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/GatewayDiscoveryModel.swift

@@ -53,23 +53,17 @@ final class GatewayDiscoveryModel {
         self.appendDebugLog("start()")
 
         for domain in OpenClawBonjour.gatewayServiceDomains {
-            let params = NWParameters.tcp
-            params.includePeerToPeer = true
-            let browser = NWBrowser(
-                for: .bonjour(type: OpenClawBonjour.gatewayServiceType, domain: domain),
-                using: params)
-
-            browser.stateUpdateHandler = { [weak self] state in
-                Task { @MainActor in
+            let browser = GatewayDiscoveryBrowserSupport.makeBrowser(
+                serviceType: OpenClawBonjour.gatewayServiceType,
+                domain: domain,
+                queueLabelPrefix: "ai.openclaw.ios.gateway-discovery",
+                onState: { [weak self] state in
                     guard let self else { return }
                     self.statesByDomain[domain] = state
                     self.updateStatusText()
                     self.appendDebugLog("state[\(domain)]: \(Self.prettyState(state))")
-                }
-            }
-
-            browser.browseResultsChangedHandler = { [weak self] results, _ in
-                Task { @MainActor in
+                },
+                onResults: { [weak self] results in
                     guard let self else { return }
                     self.gatewaysByDomain[domain] = results.compactMap { result -> DiscoveredGateway? in
                         switch result.endpoint {
@@ -98,13 +92,10 @@ final class GatewayDiscoveryModel {
                         }
                     }
                     .sorted { $0.name.localizedCaseInsensitiveCompare($1.name) == .orderedAscending }
-
                     self.recomputeGateways()
-                }
-            }
+                })
 
             self.browsers[domain] = browser
-            browser.start(queue: DispatchQueue(label: "ai.openclaw.ios.gateway-discovery.\(domain)"))
         }
     }
 

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/GatewayServiceResolver.swift

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import Foundation
+import OpenClawKit
 
 // NetService-based resolver for Bonjour services.
 // Used to resolve the service endpoint (SRV + A/AAAA) without trusting TXT for routing.
@@ -20,8 +21,7 @@ final class GatewayServiceResolver: NSObject, NetServiceDelegate {
     }
 
     func start(timeout: TimeInterval = 2.0) {
-        self.service.schedule(in: .main, forMode: .common)
-        self.service.resolve(withTimeout: timeout)
+        BonjourServiceResolverSupport.start(self.service, timeout: timeout)
     }
 
     func netServiceDidResolveAddress(_ sender: NetService) {
@@ -47,9 +47,6 @@ final class GatewayServiceResolver: NSObject, NetServiceDelegate {
     }
 
     private static func normalizeHost(_ raw: String?) -> String? {
-        let trimmed = raw?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
-        if trimmed.isEmpty { return nil }
-        return trimmed.hasSuffix(".") ? String(trimmed.dropLast()) : trimmed
+        BonjourServiceResolverSupport.normalizeHost(raw)
     }
 }
-

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/GatewaySettingsStore.swift

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ enum GatewaySettingsStore {
     private static let instanceIdAccount = "instanceId"
     private static let preferredGatewayStableIDAccount = "preferredStableID"
     private static let lastDiscoveredGatewayStableIDAccount = "lastDiscoveredStableID"
+    private static let lastGatewayConnectionAccount = "lastConnection"
     private static let talkProviderApiKeyAccountPrefix = "provider.apiKey."
 
     static func bootstrapPersistence() {
@@ -140,11 +141,20 @@ enum GatewaySettingsStore {
         }
     }
 
-    private enum LastGatewayKind: String {
+    private enum LastGatewayKind: String, Codable {
         case manual
         case discovered
     }
 
+    /// JSON-serializable envelope stored as a single Keychain entry.
+    private struct LastGatewayConnectionData: Codable {
+        var kind: LastGatewayKind
+        var stableID: String
+        var useTLS: Bool
+        var host: String?
+        var port: Int?
+    }
+
     static func loadTalkProviderApiKey(provider: String) -> String? {
         guard let providerId = self.normalizedTalkProviderID(provider) else { return nil }
         let account = self.talkProviderApiKeyAccount(providerId: providerId)
@@ -168,47 +178,93 @@ enum GatewaySettingsStore {
     }
 
     static func saveLastGatewayConnectionManual(host: String, port: Int, useTLS: Bool, stableID: String) {
-        let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
-        defaults.set(LastGatewayKind.manual.rawValue, forKey: self.lastGatewayKindDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(host, forKey: self.lastGatewayHostDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(port, forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(useTLS, forKey: self.lastGatewayTlsDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(stableID, forKey: self.lastGatewayStableIDDefaultsKey)
+        let payload = LastGatewayConnectionData(
+            kind: .manual, stableID: stableID, useTLS: useTLS, host: host, port: port)
+        self.saveLastGatewayConnectionData(payload)
     }
 
     static func saveLastGatewayConnectionDiscovered(stableID: String, useTLS: Bool) {
-        let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
-        defaults.set(LastGatewayKind.discovered.rawValue, forKey: self.lastGatewayKindDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayHostDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(useTLS, forKey: self.lastGatewayTlsDefaultsKey)
-        defaults.set(stableID, forKey: self.lastGatewayStableIDDefaultsKey)
+        let payload = LastGatewayConnectionData(
+            kind: .discovered, stableID: stableID, useTLS: useTLS)
+        self.saveLastGatewayConnectionData(payload)
     }
 
     static func loadLastGatewayConnection() -> LastGatewayConnection? {
+        // Migrate legacy UserDefaults entries on first access.
+        self.migrateLastGatewayFromUserDefaultsIfNeeded()
+
+        guard let json = KeychainStore.loadString(
+            service: self.gatewayService, account: self.lastGatewayConnectionAccount),
+            let data = json.data(using: .utf8),
+            let stored = try? JSONDecoder().decode(LastGatewayConnectionData.self, from: data)
+        else { return nil }
+
+        let stableID = stored.stableID.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        guard !stableID.isEmpty else { return nil }
+
+        if stored.kind == .discovered {
+            return .discovered(stableID: stableID, useTLS: stored.useTLS)
+        }
+
+        let host = (stored.host ?? "").trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let port = stored.port ?? 0
+        guard !host.isEmpty, port > 0, port <= 65535 else { return nil }
+        return .manual(host: host, port: port, useTLS: stored.useTLS, stableID: stableID)
+    }
+
+    static func clearLastGatewayConnection(defaults: UserDefaults = .standard) {
+        _ = KeychainStore.delete(
+            service: self.gatewayService, account: self.lastGatewayConnectionAccount)
+        // Clean up any legacy UserDefaults entries.
+        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayKindDefaultsKey)
+        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayHostDefaultsKey)
+        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey)
+        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayTlsDefaultsKey)
+        defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayStableIDDefaultsKey)
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    private static func saveLastGatewayConnectionData(_ payload: LastGatewayConnectionData) -> Bool {
+        guard let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(payload),
+              let json = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
+        else { return false }
+        return KeychainStore.saveString(
+            json, service: self.gatewayService, account: self.lastGatewayConnectionAccount)
+    }
+
+    /// Migrate legacy UserDefaults gateway.last.* keys into a single Keychain entry.
+    private static func migrateLastGatewayFromUserDefaultsIfNeeded() {
         let defaults = UserDefaults.standard
         let stableID = defaults.string(forKey: self.lastGatewayStableIDDefaultsKey)?
             .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
-        guard !stableID.isEmpty else { return nil }
+        guard !stableID.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        // Already migrated if Keychain entry exists.
+        if KeychainStore.loadString(
+            service: self.gatewayService, account: self.lastGatewayConnectionAccount) != nil
+        {
+            // Clean up legacy keys.
+            self.removeLastGatewayDefaults(defaults)
+            return
+        }
+
         let useTLS = defaults.bool(forKey: self.lastGatewayTlsDefaultsKey)
         let kindRaw = defaults.string(forKey: self.lastGatewayKindDefaultsKey)?
             .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
         let kind = LastGatewayKind(rawValue: kindRaw) ?? .manual
-
-        if kind == .discovered {
-            return .discovered(stableID: stableID, useTLS: useTLS)
-        }
-
         let host = defaults.string(forKey: self.lastGatewayHostDefaultsKey)?
-            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
-        let port = defaults.integer(forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey)
+            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let port = defaults.object(forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey) as? Int
 
-        // Back-compat: older builds persisted manual-style host/port without a kind marker.
-        guard !host.isEmpty, port > 0, port <= 65535 else { return nil }
-        return .manual(host: host, port: port, useTLS: useTLS, stableID: stableID)
+        let payload = LastGatewayConnectionData(
+            kind: kind, stableID: stableID, useTLS: useTLS,
+            host: kind == .manual ? host : nil,
+            port: kind == .manual ? port : nil)
+        guard self.saveLastGatewayConnectionData(payload) else { return }
+        self.removeLastGatewayDefaults(defaults)
     }
 
-    static func clearLastGatewayConnection(defaults: UserDefaults = .standard) {
+    private static func removeLastGatewayDefaults(_ defaults: UserDefaults) {
         defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayKindDefaultsKey)
         defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayHostDefaultsKey)
         defaults.removeObject(forKey: self.lastGatewayPortDefaultsKey)
@@ -355,9 +411,15 @@ enum GatewayDiagnostics {
     private static let maxLogBytes: Int64 = 512 * 1024
     private static let keepLogBytes: Int64 = 256 * 1024
     private static let logSizeCheckEveryWrites = 50
-    nonisolated(unsafe) private static var logWritesSinceCheck = 0
+    private static let logWritesSinceCheck = OSAllocatedUnfairLock(initialState: 0)
+    private static let isoFormatter: ISO8601DateFormatter = {
+        let f = ISO8601DateFormatter()
+        f.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
+        return f
+    }()
+
     private static var fileURL: URL? {
-        FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first?
+        FileManager.default.urls(for: .cachesDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first?
             .appendingPathComponent("openclaw-gateway.log")
     }
 
@@ -404,32 +466,41 @@ enum GatewayDiagnostics {
         }
     }
 
+    private static func applyFileProtection(url: URL) {
+        try? FileManager.default.setAttributes(
+            [.protectionKey: FileProtectionType.completeUntilFirstUserAuthentication],
+            ofItemAtPath: url.path)
+    }
+
     static func bootstrap() {
         guard let url = fileURL else { return }
         queue.async {
             self.truncateLogIfNeeded(url: url)
-            let formatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
-            formatter.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
-            let timestamp = formatter.string(from: Date())
+            let timestamp = self.isoFormatter.string(from: Date())
             let line = "[\(timestamp)] gateway diagnostics started\n"
             if let data = line.data(using: .utf8) {
                 self.appendToLog(url: url, data: data)
+                self.applyFileProtection(url: url)
             }
         }
     }
 
     static func log(_ message: String) {
-        let formatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
-        formatter.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
-        let timestamp = formatter.string(from: Date())
+        let timestamp = self.isoFormatter.string(from: Date())
         let line = "[\(timestamp)] \(message)"
         logger.info("\(line, privacy: .public)")
 
         guard let url = fileURL else { return }
         queue.async {
-            self.logWritesSinceCheck += 1
-            if self.logWritesSinceCheck >= self.logSizeCheckEveryWrites {
-                self.logWritesSinceCheck = 0
+            let shouldTruncate = self.logWritesSinceCheck.withLock { count in
+                count += 1
+                if count >= self.logSizeCheckEveryWrites {
+                    count = 0
+                    return true
+                }
+                return false
+            }
+            if shouldTruncate {
                 self.truncateLogIfNeeded(url: url)
             }
             let entry = line + "\n"

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/KeychainStore.swift

@@ -1,48 +1,16 @@
 import Foundation
-import Security
+import OpenClawKit
 
 enum KeychainStore {
     static func loadString(service: String, account: String) -> String? {
-        let query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: account,
-            kSecReturnData as String: true,
-            kSecMatchLimit as String: kSecMatchLimitOne,
-        ]
-
-        var item: CFTypeRef?
-        let status = SecItemCopyMatching(query as CFDictionary, &item)
-        guard status == errSecSuccess, let data = item as? Data else { return nil }
-        return String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
+        GenericPasswordKeychainStore.loadString(service: service, account: account)
     }
 
     static func saveString(_ value: String, service: String, account: String) -> Bool {
-        let data = Data(value.utf8)
-        let query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: account,
-        ]
-
-        let update: [String: Any] = [kSecValueData as String: data]
-        let status = SecItemUpdate(query as CFDictionary, update as CFDictionary)
-        if status == errSecSuccess { return true }
-        if status != errSecItemNotFound { return false }
-
-        var insert = query
-        insert[kSecValueData as String] = data
-        insert[kSecAttrAccessible as String] = kSecAttrAccessibleAfterFirstUnlockThisDeviceOnly
-        return SecItemAdd(insert as CFDictionary, nil) == errSecSuccess
+        GenericPasswordKeychainStore.saveString(value, service: service, account: account)
     }
 
     static func delete(service: String, account: String) -> Bool {
-        let query: [String: Any] = [
-            kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
-            kSecAttrService as String: service,
-            kSecAttrAccount as String: account,
-        ]
-        let status = SecItemDelete(query as CFDictionary)
-        return status == errSecSuccess || status == errSecItemNotFound
+        GenericPasswordKeychainStore.delete(service: service, account: account)
     }
 }

apps/ios/Sources/Info.plist

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 	<key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
 	<string>APPL</string>
 	<key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
-	<string>2026.2.27</string>
+	<string>2026.3.2</string>
 	<key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>
 	<array>
 		<dict>
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 		</dict>
 	</array>
 	<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
-	<string>20260227</string>
+	<string>20260301</string>
 	<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
 	<dict>
 		<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoadsInWebContent</key>

apps/ios/Sources/Location/LocationService.swift

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import CoreLocation
 import Foundation
 
 @MainActor
-final class LocationService: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
+final class LocationService: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate, LocationServiceCommon {
     enum Error: Swift.Error {
         case timeout
         case unavailable
@@ -17,21 +17,18 @@ final class LocationService: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
     private var significantLocationCallback: (@Sendable (CLLocation) -> Void)?
     private var isMonitoringSignificantChanges = false
 
+    var locationManager: CLLocationManager {
+        self.manager
+    }
+
+    var locationRequestContinuation: CheckedContinuation<CLLocation, Swift.Error>? {
+        get { self.locationContinuation }
+        set { self.locationContinuation = newValue }
+    }
+
     override init() {
         super.init()
-        self.manager.delegate = self
-        self.manager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest
-    }
-
-    func authorizationStatus() -> CLAuthorizationStatus {
-        self.manager.authorizationStatus
-    }
-
-    func accuracyAuthorization() -> CLAccuracyAuthorization {
-        if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
-            return self.manager.accuracyAuthorization
-        }
-        return .fullAccuracy
+        self.configureLocationManager()
     }
 
     func ensureAuthorization(mode: OpenClawLocationMode) async -> CLAuthorizationStatus {
@@ -62,26 +59,16 @@ final class LocationService: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
         maxAgeMs: Int?,
         timeoutMs: Int?) async throws -> CLLocation
     {
-        let now = Date()
-        if let maxAgeMs,
-           let cached = self.manager.location,
-           now.timeIntervalSince(cached.timestamp) * 1000 <= Double(maxAgeMs)
-        {
-            return cached
-        }
-
-        self.manager.desiredAccuracy = Self.accuracyValue(desiredAccuracy)
-        let timeout = max(0, timeoutMs ?? 10000)
-        return try await self.withTimeout(timeoutMs: timeout) {
-            try await self.requestLocation()
-        }
-    }
-
-    private func requestLocation() async throws -> CLLocation {
-        try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            self.locationContinuation = cont
-            self.manager.requestLocation()
-        }
+        _ = params
+        return try await LocationCurrentRequest.resolve(
+            manager: self.manager,
+            desiredAccuracy: desiredAccuracy,
+            maxAgeMs: maxAgeMs,
+            timeoutMs: timeoutMs,
+            request: { try await self.requestLocationOnce() },
+            withTimeout: { timeoutMs, operation in
+                try await self.withTimeout(timeoutMs: timeoutMs, operation: operation)
+            })
     }
 
     private func awaitAuthorizationChange() async -> CLAuthorizationStatus {
@@ -97,24 +84,13 @@ final class LocationService: NSObject, CLLocationManagerDelegate {
         try await AsyncTimeout.withTimeoutMs(timeoutMs: timeoutMs, onTimeout: { Error.timeout }, operation: operation)
     }
 
-    private static func accuracyValue(_ accuracy: OpenClawLocationAccuracy) -> CLLocationAccuracy {
-        switch accuracy {
-        case .coarse:
-            kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer
-        case .balanced:
-            kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters
-        case .precise:
-            kCLLocationAccuracyBest
-        }
-    }
-
     func startLocationUpdates(
         desiredAccuracy: OpenClawLocationAccuracy,
         significantChangesOnly: Bool) -> AsyncStream<CLLocation>
     {
         self.stopLocationUpdates()
 
-        self.manager.desiredAccuracy = Self.accuracyValue(desiredAccuracy)
+        self.manager.desiredAccuracy = LocationCurrentRequest.accuracyValue(desiredAccuracy)
         self.manager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically = true
         self.manager.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
 

apps/ios/Sources/Model/NodeAppModel+Canvas.swift

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import Foundation
 import Network
+import OpenClawKit
 import os
 
 extension NodeAppModel {
@@ -11,24 +12,12 @@ extension NodeAppModel {
         guard let raw = await self.gatewaySession.currentCanvasHostUrl() else { return nil }
         let trimmed = raw.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
         guard !trimmed.isEmpty, let base = URL(string: trimmed) else { return nil }
-        if let host = base.host, Self.isLoopbackHost(host) {
+        if let host = base.host, LoopbackHost.isLoopback(host) {
             return nil
         }
         return base.appendingPathComponent("__openclaw__/a2ui/").absoluteString + "?platform=ios"
     }
 
-    private static func isLoopbackHost(_ host: String) -> Bool {
-        let normalized = host.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
-        if normalized.isEmpty { return true }
-        if normalized == "localhost" || normalized == "::1" || normalized == "0.0.0.0" {
-            return true
-        }
-        if normalized == "127.0.0.1" || normalized.hasPrefix("127.") {
-            return true
-        }
-        return false
-    }
-
     func showA2UIOnConnectIfNeeded() async {
         guard let a2uiUrl = await self.resolveA2UIHostURL() else {
             await MainActor.run {

apps/ios/Sources/Model/NodeAppModel.swift

@@ -90,7 +90,9 @@ final class NodeAppModel {
     var lastShareEventText: String = "No share events yet."
     var openChatRequestID: Int = 0
     private(set) var pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt: AgentDeepLinkPrompt?
+    private var queuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt: AgentDeepLinkPrompt?
     private var lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt: Date = .distantPast
+    @ObservationIgnored private var queuedAgentDeepLinkPromptTask: Task<Void, Never>?
 
     // Primary "node" connection: used for device capabilities and node.invoke requests.
     private let nodeGateway = GatewayNodeSession()
@@ -2591,19 +2593,31 @@ extension NodeAppModel {
                     "agent deep link rejected: unkeyed message too long chars=\(message.count, privacy: .public)")
                 return
             }
-            if Date().timeIntervalSince(self.lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt) < 1.0 {
-                self.deepLinkLogger.debug("agent deep link prompt throttled")
-                return
-            }
-            self.lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt = Date()
-
             let urlText = originalURL.absoluteString
             let prompt = AgentDeepLinkPrompt(
                 id: UUID().uuidString,
                 messagePreview: message,
                 urlPreview: urlText.count > 500 ? "\(urlText.prefix(500))…" : urlText,
                 request: self.effectiveAgentDeepLinkForPrompt(link))
-            self.pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt = prompt
+
+            let promptIntervalSeconds = 5.0
+            let elapsed = Date().timeIntervalSince(self.lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt)
+            if elapsed < promptIntervalSeconds {
+                if self.pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt != nil {
+                    self.pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt = prompt
+                    self.recordShareEvent("Updated local confirmation request (\(message.count) chars).")
+                    self.deepLinkLogger.debug("agent deep link prompt coalesced into active confirmation")
+                    return
+                }
+
+                let remaining = max(0, promptIntervalSeconds - elapsed)
+                self.queueAgentDeepLinkPrompt(prompt, initialDelaySeconds: remaining)
+                self.recordShareEvent("Queued local confirmation (\(message.count) chars).")
+                self.deepLinkLogger.debug("agent deep link prompt queued due to rate limit")
+                return
+            }
+
+            self.presentAgentDeepLinkPrompt(prompt)
             self.recordShareEvent("Awaiting local confirmation (\(message.count) chars).")
             self.deepLinkLogger.info("agent deep link requires local confirmation")
             return
@@ -2672,6 +2686,60 @@ extension NodeAppModel {
         self.deepLinkLogger.info("agent deep link cancelled by local user")
     }
 
+    private func presentAgentDeepLinkPrompt(_ prompt: AgentDeepLinkPrompt) {
+        self.lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt = Date()
+        self.pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt = prompt
+    }
+
+    private func queueAgentDeepLinkPrompt(_ prompt: AgentDeepLinkPrompt, initialDelaySeconds: TimeInterval) {
+        self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt = prompt
+        guard self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPromptTask == nil else { return }
+
+        self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPromptTask = Task { [weak self] in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            let delayNs = UInt64(max(0, initialDelaySeconds) * 1_000_000_000)
+            if delayNs > 0 {
+                do {
+                    try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: delayNs)
+                } catch {
+                    return
+                }
+            }
+            await self.deliverQueuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt()
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func deliverQueuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt() async {
+        defer { self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPromptTask = nil }
+        let promptIntervalSeconds = 5.0
+        while let prompt = self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt {
+            if self.pendingAgentDeepLinkPrompt != nil {
+                do {
+                    try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 200_000_000)
+                } catch {
+                    return
+                }
+                continue
+            }
+
+            let elapsed = Date().timeIntervalSince(self.lastAgentDeepLinkPromptAt)
+            if elapsed < promptIntervalSeconds {
+                let remaining = max(0, promptIntervalSeconds - elapsed)
+                do {
+                    try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: UInt64(remaining * 1_000_000_000))
+                } catch {
+                    return
+                }
+                continue
+            }
+
+            self.queuedAgentDeepLinkPrompt = nil
+            self.presentAgentDeepLinkPrompt(prompt)
+            self.recordShareEvent("Awaiting local confirmation (\(prompt.messagePreview.count) chars).")
+            self.deepLinkLogger.info("agent deep link queued prompt delivered")
+        }
+    }
+
     private func submitAgentDeepLink(_ link: AgentDeepLink, messageCharCount: Int) async {
         do {
             try await self.sendAgentRequest(link: link)

apps/ios/Sources/Onboarding/GatewayOnboardingView.swift

@@ -41,15 +41,17 @@ private struct AutoDetectStep: View {
                     .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
             }
 
-            Section("Connection status") {
-                ConnectionStatusBox(
-                    statusLines: self.connectionStatusLines(),
-                    secondaryLine: self.connectStatusText)
-            }
+            gatewayConnectionStatusSection(
+                appModel: self.appModel,
+                gatewayController: self.gatewayController,
+                secondaryLine: self.connectStatusText)
 
             Section {
                 Button("Retry") {
-                    self.resetConnectionState()
+                    resetGatewayConnectionState(
+                        appModel: self.appModel,
+                        connectStatusText: &self.connectStatusText,
+                        connectingGatewayID: &self.connectingGatewayID)
                     self.triggerAutoConnect()
                 }
                 .disabled(self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
@@ -94,15 +96,6 @@ private struct AutoDetectStep: View {
         return nil
     }
 
-    private func connectionStatusLines() -> [String] {
-        ConnectionStatusBox.defaultLines(appModel: self.appModel, gatewayController: self.gatewayController)
-    }
-
-    private func resetConnectionState() {
-        self.appModel.disconnectGateway()
-        self.connectStatusText = nil
-        self.connectingGatewayID = nil
-    }
 }
 
 private struct ManualEntryStep: View {
@@ -162,11 +155,10 @@ private struct ManualEntryStep: View {
                     .autocorrectionDisabled()
             }
 
-            Section("Connection status") {
-                ConnectionStatusBox(
-                    statusLines: self.connectionStatusLines(),
-                    secondaryLine: self.connectStatusText)
-            }
+            gatewayConnectionStatusSection(
+                appModel: self.appModel,
+                gatewayController: self.gatewayController,
+                secondaryLine: self.connectStatusText)
 
             Section {
                 Button {
@@ -185,7 +177,10 @@ private struct ManualEntryStep: View {
                 .disabled(self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
 
                 Button("Retry") {
-                    self.resetConnectionState()
+                    resetGatewayConnectionState(
+                        appModel: self.appModel,
+                        connectStatusText: &self.connectStatusText,
+                        connectingGatewayID: &self.connectingGatewayID)
                     self.resetManualForm()
                 }
                 .disabled(self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
@@ -237,16 +232,6 @@ private struct ManualEntryStep: View {
         return Int(trimmed.filter { $0.isNumber })
     }
 
-    private func connectionStatusLines() -> [String] {
-        ConnectionStatusBox.defaultLines(appModel: self.appModel, gatewayController: self.gatewayController)
-    }
-
-    private func resetConnectionState() {
-        self.appModel.disconnectGateway()
-        self.connectStatusText = nil
-        self.connectingGatewayID = nil
-    }
-
     private func resetManualForm() {
         self.setupCode = ""
         self.setupStatusText = nil
@@ -317,6 +302,41 @@ private struct ManualEntryStep: View {
     // (GatewaySetupCode) decode raw setup codes.
 }
 
+@MainActor
+private func gatewayConnectionStatusLines(
+    appModel: NodeAppModel,
+    gatewayController: GatewayConnectionController) -> [String]
+{
+    ConnectionStatusBox.defaultLines(appModel: appModel, gatewayController: gatewayController)
+}
+
+@MainActor
+private func resetGatewayConnectionState(
+    appModel: NodeAppModel,
+    connectStatusText: inout String?,
+    connectingGatewayID: inout String?)
+{
+    appModel.disconnectGateway()
+    connectStatusText = nil
+    connectingGatewayID = nil
+}
+
+@MainActor
+@ViewBuilder
+private func gatewayConnectionStatusSection(
+    appModel: NodeAppModel,
+    gatewayController: GatewayConnectionController,
+    secondaryLine: String?) -> some View
+{
+    Section("Connection status") {
+        ConnectionStatusBox(
+            statusLines: gatewayConnectionStatusLines(
+                appModel: appModel,
+                gatewayController: gatewayController),
+            secondaryLine: secondaryLine)
+    }
+}
+
 private struct ConnectionStatusBox: View {
     let statusLines: [String]
     let secondaryLine: String?

apps/ios/Sources/Onboarding/OnboardingWizardView.swift

@@ -489,21 +489,7 @@ struct OnboardingWizardView: View {
             TextField("Port", text: self.$manualPortText)
                 .keyboardType(.numberPad)
             Toggle("Use TLS", isOn: self.$manualTLS)
-
-            Button {
-                Task { await self.connectManual() }
-            } label: {
-                if self.connectingGatewayID == "manual" {
-                    HStack(spacing: 8) {
-                        ProgressView()
-                            .progressViewStyle(.circular)
-                        Text("Connecting…")
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    Text("Connect")
-                }
-            }
-            .disabled(!self.canConnectManual || self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
+            self.manualConnectButton
         } header: {
             Text("Developer Local")
         } footer: {
@@ -631,24 +617,27 @@ struct OnboardingWizardView: View {
             TextField("Discovery Domain (optional)", text: self.$discoveryDomain)
                 .textInputAutocapitalization(.never)
                 .autocorrectionDisabled()
-
-            Button {
-                Task { await self.connectManual() }
-            } label: {
-                if self.connectingGatewayID == "manual" {
-                    HStack(spacing: 8) {
-                        ProgressView()
-                            .progressViewStyle(.circular)
-                        Text("Connecting…")
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    Text("Connect")
-                }
-            }
-            .disabled(!self.canConnectManual || self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
+            self.manualConnectButton
         }
     }
 
+    private var manualConnectButton: some View {
+        Button {
+            Task { await self.connectManual() }
+        } label: {
+            if self.connectingGatewayID == "manual" {
+                HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                    ProgressView()
+                        .progressViewStyle(.circular)
+                    Text("Connecting…")
+                }
+            } else {
+                Text("Connect")
+            }
+        }
+        .disabled(!self.canConnectManual || self.connectingGatewayID != nil)
+    }
+
     private func handleScannedLink(_ link: GatewayConnectDeepLink) {
         self.manualHost = link.host
         self.manualPort = link.port

apps/ios/Sources/OpenClawApp.swift

@@ -456,11 +456,7 @@ enum WatchPromptNotificationBridge {
     ) async throws {
         try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { (continuation: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
             center.add(request) { error in
-                if let error {
-                    continuation.resume(throwing: error)
-                } else {
-                    continuation.resume(returning: ())
-                }
+                ThrowingContinuationSupport.resumeVoid(continuation, error: error)
             }
         }
     }

apps/ios/Sources/RootCanvas.swift

@@ -177,20 +177,7 @@ struct RootCanvas: View {
     }
 
     private var gatewayStatus: StatusPill.GatewayState {
-        if self.appModel.gatewayServerName != nil { return .connected }
-
-        let text = self.appModel.gatewayStatusText.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("connecting") ||
-            text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("reconnecting")
-        {
-            return .connecting
-        }
-
-        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("error") {
-            return .error
-        }
-
-        return .disconnected
+        GatewayStatusBuilder.build(appModel: self.appModel)
     }
 
     private func updateIdleTimer() {
@@ -343,82 +330,18 @@ private struct CanvasContent: View {
                     .transition(.move(edge: .top).combined(with: .opacity))
             }
         }
-        .confirmationDialog(
-            "Gateway",
+        .gatewayActionsDialog(
             isPresented: self.$showGatewayActions,
-            titleVisibility: .visible)
-        {
-            Button("Disconnect", role: .destructive) {
-                self.appModel.disconnectGateway()
-            }
-            Button("Open Settings") {
-                self.openSettings()
-            }
-            Button("Cancel", role: .cancel) {}
-        } message: {
-            Text("Disconnect from the gateway?")
-        }
+            onDisconnect: { self.appModel.disconnectGateway() },
+            onOpenSettings: { self.openSettings() })
     }
 
     private var statusActivity: StatusPill.Activity? {
-        // Status pill owns transient activity state so it doesn't overlap the connection indicator.
-        if self.appModel.isBackgrounded {
-            return StatusPill.Activity(
-                title: "Foreground required",
-                systemImage: "exclamationmark.triangle.fill",
-                tint: .orange)
-        }
-
-        let gatewayStatus = self.appModel.gatewayStatusText.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-        let gatewayLower = gatewayStatus.lowercased()
-        if gatewayLower.contains("repair") {
-            return StatusPill.Activity(title: "Repairing…", systemImage: "wrench.and.screwdriver", tint: .orange)
-        }
-        if gatewayLower.contains("approval") || gatewayLower.contains("pairing") {
-            return StatusPill.Activity(title: "Approval pending", systemImage: "person.crop.circle.badge.clock")
-        }
-        // Avoid duplicating the primary gateway status ("Connecting…") in the activity slot.
-
-        if self.appModel.screenRecordActive {
-            return StatusPill.Activity(title: "Recording screen…", systemImage: "record.circle.fill", tint: .red)
-        }
-
-        if let cameraHUDText, !cameraHUDText.isEmpty, let cameraHUDKind {
-            let systemImage: String
-            let tint: Color?
-            switch cameraHUDKind {
-            case .photo:
-                systemImage = "camera.fill"
-                tint = nil
-            case .recording:
-                systemImage = "video.fill"
-                tint = .red
-            case .success:
-                systemImage = "checkmark.circle.fill"
-                tint = .green
-            case .error:
-                systemImage = "exclamationmark.triangle.fill"
-                tint = .red
-            }
-            return StatusPill.Activity(title: cameraHUDText, systemImage: systemImage, tint: tint)
-        }
-
-        if self.voiceWakeEnabled {
-            let voiceStatus = self.appModel.voiceWake.statusText
-            if voiceStatus.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("microphone permission") {
-                return StatusPill.Activity(title: "Mic permission", systemImage: "mic.slash", tint: .orange)
-            }
-            if voiceStatus == "Paused" {
-                // Talk mode intentionally pauses voice wake to release the mic. Don't spam the HUD for that case.
-                if self.appModel.talkMode.isEnabled {
-                    return nil
-                }
-                let suffix = self.appModel.isBackgrounded ? " (background)" : ""
-                return StatusPill.Activity(title: "Voice Wake paused\(suffix)", systemImage: "pause.circle.fill")
-            }
-        }
-
-        return nil
+        StatusActivityBuilder.build(
+            appModel: self.appModel,
+            voiceWakeEnabled: self.voiceWakeEnabled,
+            cameraHUDText: self.cameraHUDText,
+            cameraHUDKind: self.cameraHUDKind)
     }
 }
 

apps/ios/Sources/RootTabs.swift

@@ -70,38 +70,14 @@ struct RootTabs: View {
             self.toastDismissTask?.cancel()
             self.toastDismissTask = nil
         }
-        .confirmationDialog(
-            "Gateway",
+        .gatewayActionsDialog(
             isPresented: self.$showGatewayActions,
-            titleVisibility: .visible)
-        {
-            Button("Disconnect", role: .destructive) {
-                self.appModel.disconnectGateway()
-            }
-            Button("Open Settings") {
-                self.selectedTab = 2
-            }
-            Button("Cancel", role: .cancel) {}
-        } message: {
-            Text("Disconnect from the gateway?")
-        }
+            onDisconnect: { self.appModel.disconnectGateway() },
+            onOpenSettings: { self.selectedTab = 2 })
     }
 
     private var gatewayStatus: StatusPill.GatewayState {
-        if self.appModel.gatewayServerName != nil { return .connected }
-
-        let text = self.appModel.gatewayStatusText.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("connecting") ||
-            text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("reconnecting")
-        {
-            return .connecting
-        }
-
-        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("error") {
-            return .error
-        }
-
-        return .disconnected
+        GatewayStatusBuilder.build(appModel: self.appModel)
     }
 
     private var statusActivity: StatusPill.Activity? {

apps/ios/Sources/Screen/ScreenController.swift

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ final class ScreenController {
         if let url = URL(string: trimmed),
            !url.isFileURL,
            let host = url.host,
-           Self.isLoopbackHost(host)
+           LoopbackHost.isLoopback(host)
         {
             // Never try to load loopback URLs from a remote gateway.
             self.showDefaultCanvas()
@@ -87,25 +87,11 @@ final class ScreenController {
 
     func applyDebugStatusIfNeeded() {
         guard let webView = self.activeWebView else { return }
-        let enabled = self.debugStatusEnabled
-        let title = self.debugStatusTitle
-        let subtitle = self.debugStatusSubtitle
-        let js = """
-        (() => {
-          try {
-            const api = globalThis.__openclaw;
-            if (!api) return;
-            if (typeof api.setDebugStatusEnabled === 'function') {
-              api.setDebugStatusEnabled(\(enabled ? "true" : "false"));
-            }
-            if (!\(enabled ? "true" : "false")) return;
-            if (typeof api.setStatus === 'function') {
-              api.setStatus(\(Self.jsValue(title)), \(Self.jsValue(subtitle)));
-            }
-          } catch (_) {}
-        })()
-        """
-        webView.evaluateJavaScript(js) { _, _ in }
+        WebViewJavaScriptSupport.applyDebugStatus(
+            webView: webView,
+            enabled: self.debugStatusEnabled,
+            title: self.debugStatusTitle,
+            subtitle: self.debugStatusSubtitle)
     }
 
     func waitForA2UIReady(timeoutMs: Int) async -> Bool {
@@ -137,46 +123,11 @@ final class ScreenController {
                 NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
             ])
         }
-        return try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            webView.evaluateJavaScript(javaScript) { result, error in
-                if let error {
-                    cont.resume(throwing: error)
-                    return
-                }
-                if let result {
-                    cont.resume(returning: String(describing: result))
-                } else {
-                    cont.resume(returning: "")
-                }
-            }
-        }
+        return try await WebViewJavaScriptSupport.evaluateToString(webView: webView, javaScript: javaScript)
     }
 
     func snapshotPNGBase64(maxWidth: CGFloat? = nil) async throws -> String {
-        let config = WKSnapshotConfiguration()
-        if let maxWidth {
-            config.snapshotWidth = NSNumber(value: Double(maxWidth))
-        }
-        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else {
-            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 3, userInfo: [
-                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
-            ])
-        }
-        let image: UIImage = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            webView.takeSnapshot(with: config) { image, error in
-                if let error {
-                    cont.resume(throwing: error)
-                    return
-                }
-                guard let image else {
-                    cont.resume(throwing: NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 2, userInfo: [
-                        NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot failed",
-                    ]))
-                    return
-                }
-                cont.resume(returning: image)
-            }
-        }
+        let image = try await self.snapshotImage(maxWidth: maxWidth)
         guard let data = image.pngData() else {
             throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 1, userInfo: [
                 NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot encode failed",
@@ -190,30 +141,7 @@ final class ScreenController {
         format: OpenClawCanvasSnapshotFormat,
         quality: Double? = nil) async throws -> String
     {
-        let config = WKSnapshotConfiguration()
-        if let maxWidth {
-            config.snapshotWidth = NSNumber(value: Double(maxWidth))
-        }
-        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else {
-            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 3, userInfo: [
-                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
-            ])
-        }
-        let image: UIImage = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
-            webView.takeSnapshot(with: config) { image, error in
-                if let error {
-                    cont.resume(throwing: error)
-                    return
-                }
-                guard let image else {
-                    cont.resume(throwing: NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 2, userInfo: [
-                        NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot failed",
-                    ]))
-                    return
-                }
-                cont.resume(returning: image)
-            }
-        }
+        let image = try await self.snapshotImage(maxWidth: maxWidth)
 
         let data: Data?
         switch format {
@@ -231,6 +159,34 @@ final class ScreenController {
         return data.base64EncodedString()
     }
 
+    private func snapshotImage(maxWidth: CGFloat?) async throws -> UIImage {
+        let config = WKSnapshotConfiguration()
+        if let maxWidth {
+            config.snapshotWidth = NSNumber(value: Double(maxWidth))
+        }
+        guard let webView = self.activeWebView else {
+            throw NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 3, userInfo: [
+                NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "web view unavailable",
+            ])
+        }
+        let image: UIImage = try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { cont in
+            webView.takeSnapshot(with: config) { image, error in
+                if let error {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: error)
+                    return
+                }
+                guard let image else {
+                    cont.resume(throwing: NSError(domain: "Screen", code: 2, userInfo: [
+                        NSLocalizedDescriptionKey: "snapshot failed",
+                    ]))
+                    return
+                }
+                cont.resume(returning: image)
+            }
+        }
+        return image
+    }
+
     func attachWebView(_ webView: WKWebView) {
         self.activeWebView = webView
         self.reload()
@@ -258,17 +214,6 @@ final class ScreenController {
         ext: "html",
         subdirectory: "CanvasScaffold")
 
-    private static func isLoopbackHost(_ host: String) -> Bool {
-        let normalized = host.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).lowercased()
-        if normalized.isEmpty { return true }
-        if normalized == "localhost" || normalized == "::1" || normalized == "0.0.0.0" {
-            return true
-        }
-        if normalized == "127.0.0.1" || normalized.hasPrefix("127.") {
-            return true
-        }
-        return false
-    }
     func isTrustedCanvasUIURL(_ url: URL) -> Bool {
         guard url.isFileURL else { return false }
         let std = url.standardizedFileURL
@@ -290,59 +235,8 @@ final class ScreenController {
         scrollView.bounces = allowScroll
     }
 
-    private static func jsValue(_ value: String?) -> String {
-        guard let value else { return "null" }
-        if let data = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: [value]),
-           let encoded = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8),
-           encoded.count >= 2
-        {
-            return String(encoded.dropFirst().dropLast())
-        }
-        return "null"
-    }
-
     func isLocalNetworkCanvasURL(_ url: URL) -> Bool {
-        guard let scheme = url.scheme?.lowercased(), scheme == "http" || scheme == "https" else {
-            return false
-        }
-        guard let host = url.host?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines), !host.isEmpty else {
-            return false
-        }
-        if host == "localhost" { return true }
-        if host.hasSuffix(".local") { return true }
-        if host.hasSuffix(".ts.net") { return true }
-        if host.hasSuffix(".tailscale.net") { return true }
-        // Allow MagicDNS / LAN hostnames like "peters-mac-studio-1".
-        if !host.contains("."), !host.contains(":") { return true }
-        if let ipv4 = Self.parseIPv4(host) {
-            return Self.isLocalNetworkIPv4(ipv4)
-        }
-        return false
-    }
-
-    private static func parseIPv4(_ host: String) -> (UInt8, UInt8, UInt8, UInt8)? {
-        let parts = host.split(separator: ".", omittingEmptySubsequences: false)
-        guard parts.count == 4 else { return nil }
-        let bytes: [UInt8] = parts.compactMap { UInt8($0) }
-        guard bytes.count == 4 else { return nil }
-        return (bytes[0], bytes[1], bytes[2], bytes[3])
-    }
-
-    private static func isLocalNetworkIPv4(_ ip: (UInt8, UInt8, UInt8, UInt8)) -> Bool {
-        let (a, b, _, _) = ip
-        // 10.0.0.0/8
-        if a == 10 { return true }
-        // 172.16.0.0/12
-        if a == 172, (16...31).contains(Int(b)) { return true }
-        // 192.168.0.0/16
-        if a == 192, b == 168 { return true }
-        // 127.0.0.0/8
-        if a == 127 { return true }
-        // 169.254.0.0/16 (link-local)
-        if a == 169, b == 254 { return true }
-        // Tailscale: 100.64.0.0/10
-        if a == 100, (64...127).contains(Int(b)) { return true }
-        return false
+        LocalNetworkURLSupport.isLocalNetworkHTTPURL(url)
     }
 
     nonisolated static func parseA2UIActionBody(_ body: Any) -> [String: Any]? {

apps/ios/Sources/Screen/ScreenRecordService.swift

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import AVFoundation
+import OpenClawKit
 import ReplayKit
 
 final class ScreenRecordService: @unchecked Sendable {
@@ -84,8 +85,8 @@ final class ScreenRecordService: @unchecked Sendable {
             throw ScreenRecordError.invalidScreenIndex(idx)
         }
 
-        let durationMs = Self.clampDurationMs(durationMs)
-        let fps = Self.clampFps(fps)
+        let durationMs = CaptureRateLimits.clampDurationMs(durationMs)
+        let fps = CaptureRateLimits.clampFps(fps, maxFps: 30)
         let fpsInt = Int32(fps.rounded())
         let fpsValue = Double(fpsInt)
         let includeAudio = includeAudio ?? true
@@ -319,16 +320,6 @@ final class ScreenRecordService: @unchecked Sendable {
         }
     }
 
-    private nonisolated static func clampDurationMs(_ ms: Int?) -> Int {
-        let v = ms ?? 10000
-        return min(60000, max(250, v))
-    }
-
-    private nonisolated static func clampFps(_ fps: Double?) -> Double {
-        let v = fps ?? 10
-        if !v.isFinite { return 10 }
-        return min(30, max(1, v))
-    }
 }
 
 @MainActor
@@ -350,11 +341,11 @@ private func stopReplayKitCapture(_ completion: @escaping @Sendable (Error?) ->
 #if DEBUG
 extension ScreenRecordService {
     nonisolated static func _test_clampDurationMs(_ ms: Int?) -> Int {
-        self.clampDurationMs(ms)
+        CaptureRateLimits.clampDurationMs(ms)
     }
 
     nonisolated static func _test_clampFps(_ fps: Double?) -> Double {
-        self.clampFps(fps)
+        CaptureRateLimits.clampFps(fps, maxFps: 30)
     }
 }
 #endif

apps/ios/Sources/Services/NodeServiceProtocols.swift

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ protocol LocationServicing: Sendable {
     func stopMonitoringSignificantLocationChanges()
 }
 
+@MainActor
 protocol DeviceStatusServicing: Sendable {
     func status() async throws -> OpenClawDeviceStatusPayload
     func info() -> OpenClawDeviceInfoPayload

apps/ios/Sources/Services/WatchMessagingService.swift

@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@ enum WatchMessagingError: LocalizedError {
     }
 }
 
-final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked Sendable {
-    private static let logger = Logger(subsystem: "ai.openclaw", category: "watch.messaging")
+@MainActor
+final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, @preconcurrency WatchMessagingServicing {
+    nonisolated private static let logger = Logger(subsystem: "ai.openclaw", category: "watch.messaging")
     private let session: WCSession?
-    private let replyHandlerLock = NSLock()
+    private var pendingActivationContinuations: [CheckedContinuation<Void, Never>] = []
     private var replyHandler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?
 
     override init() {
@@ -39,11 +40,11 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
         }
     }
 
-    static func isSupportedOnDevice() -> Bool {
+    nonisolated static func isSupportedOnDevice() -> Bool {
         WCSession.isSupported()
     }
 
-    static func currentStatusSnapshot() -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+    nonisolated static func currentStatusSnapshot() -> WatchMessagingStatus {
         guard WCSession.isSupported() else {
             return WatchMessagingStatus(
                 supported: false,
@@ -70,9 +71,7 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
     }
 
     func setReplyHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?) {
-        self.replyHandlerLock.lock()
         self.replyHandler = handler
-        self.replyHandlerLock.unlock()
     }
 
     func sendNotification(
@@ -161,19 +160,15 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
     }
 
     private func emitReply(_ event: WatchQuickReplyEvent) {
-        let handler: ((WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?
-        self.replyHandlerLock.lock()
-        handler = self.replyHandler
-        self.replyHandlerLock.unlock()
-        handler?(event)
+        self.replyHandler?(event)
     }
 
-    private static func nonEmpty(_ value: String?) -> String? {
+    nonisolated private static func nonEmpty(_ value: String?) -> String? {
         let trimmed = value?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
         return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
     }
 
-    private static func parseQuickReplyPayload(
+    nonisolated private static func parseQuickReplyPayload(
         _ payload: [String: Any],
         transport: String) -> WatchQuickReplyEvent?
     {
@@ -205,13 +200,12 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
         guard let session = self.session else { return }
         if session.activationState == .activated { return }
         session.activate()
-        for _ in 0..<8 {
-            if session.activationState == .activated { return }
-            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 100_000_000)
+        await withCheckedContinuation { continuation in
+            self.pendingActivationContinuations.append(continuation)
         }
     }
 
-    private static func status(for session: WCSession) -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+    nonisolated private static func status(for session: WCSession) -> WatchMessagingStatus {
         WatchMessagingStatus(
             supported: true,
             paired: session.isPaired,
@@ -220,7 +214,7 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
             activationState: activationStateLabel(session.activationState))
     }
 
-    private static func activationStateLabel(_ state: WCSessionActivationState) -> String {
+    nonisolated private static func activationStateLabel(_ state: WCSessionActivationState) -> String {
         switch state {
         case .notActivated:
             "notActivated"
@@ -235,32 +229,42 @@ final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, WatchMessagingServicing, @unchecked
 }
 
 extension WatchMessagingService: WCSessionDelegate {
-    func session(
+    nonisolated func session(
         _ session: WCSession,
         activationDidCompleteWith activationState: WCSessionActivationState,
         error: (any Error)?)
     {
         if let error {
             Self.logger.error("watch activation failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
-            return
+        } else {
+            Self.logger.debug("watch activation state=\(Self.activationStateLabel(activationState), privacy: .public)")
+        }
+        // Always resume all waiters so callers never hang, even on error.
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            let waiters = self.pendingActivationContinuations
+            self.pendingActivationContinuations.removeAll()
+            for continuation in waiters {
+                continuation.resume()
+            }
         }
-        Self.logger.debug("watch activation state=\(Self.activationStateLabel(activationState), privacy: .public)")
     }
 
-    func sessionDidBecomeInactive(_ session: WCSession) {}
+    nonisolated func sessionDidBecomeInactive(_ session: WCSession) {}
 
-    func sessionDidDeactivate(_ session: WCSession) {
+    nonisolated func sessionDidDeactivate(_ session: WCSession) {
         session.activate()
     }
 
-    func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
+    nonisolated func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
         guard let event = Self.parseQuickReplyPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage") else {
             return
         }
-        self.emitReply(event)
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.emitReply(event)
+        }
     }
 
-    func session(
+    nonisolated func session(
         _: WCSession,
         didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any],
         replyHandler: @escaping ([String: Any]) -> Void)
@@ -270,15 +274,19 @@ extension WatchMessagingService: WCSessionDelegate {
             return
         }
         replyHandler(["ok": true])
-        self.emitReply(event)
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.emitReply(event)
+        }
     }
 
-    func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveUserInfo userInfo: [String: Any]) {
+    nonisolated func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveUserInfo userInfo: [String: Any]) {
         guard let event = Self.parseQuickReplyPayload(userInfo, transport: "transferUserInfo") else {
             return
         }
-        self.emitReply(event)
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            self.emitReply(event)
+        }
     }
 
-    func sessionReachabilityDidChange(_ session: WCSession) {}
+    nonisolated func sessionReachabilityDidChange(_ session: WCSession) {}
 }

apps/ios/Sources/Status/GatewayActionsDialog.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import SwiftUI
+
+extension View {
+    func gatewayActionsDialog(
+        isPresented: Binding<Bool>,
+        onDisconnect: @escaping () -> Void,
+        onOpenSettings: @escaping () -> Void) -> some View
+    {
+        self.confirmationDialog(
+            "Gateway",
+            isPresented: isPresented,
+            titleVisibility: .visible)
+        {
+            Button("Disconnect", role: .destructive) {
+                onDisconnect()
+            }
+            Button("Open Settings") {
+                onOpenSettings()
+            }
+            Button("Cancel", role: .cancel) {}
+        } message: {
+            Text("Disconnect from the gateway?")
+        }
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Status/GatewayStatusBuilder.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import Foundation
+
+enum GatewayStatusBuilder {
+    @MainActor
+    static func build(appModel: NodeAppModel) -> StatusPill.GatewayState {
+        if appModel.gatewayServerName != nil { return .connected }
+
+        let text = appModel.gatewayStatusText.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("connecting") ||
+            text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("reconnecting")
+        {
+            return .connecting
+        }
+
+        if text.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("error") {
+            return .error
+        }
+
+        return .disconnected
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Status/StatusGlassCard.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import SwiftUI
+
+private struct StatusGlassCardModifier: ViewModifier {
+    @Environment(\.colorSchemeContrast) private var contrast
+
+    let brighten: Bool
+    let verticalPadding: CGFloat
+    let horizontalPadding: CGFloat
+
+    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
+        content
+            .padding(.vertical, self.verticalPadding)
+            .padding(.horizontal, self.horizontalPadding)
+            .background {
+                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
+                    .fill(.ultraThinMaterial)
+                    .overlay {
+                        RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
+                            .strokeBorder(
+                                .white.opacity(self.contrast == .increased ? 0.5 : (self.brighten ? 0.24 : 0.18)),
+                                lineWidth: self.contrast == .increased ? 1.0 : 0.5
+                            )
+                    }
+                    .shadow(color: .black.opacity(0.25), radius: 12, y: 6)
+            }
+    }
+}
+
+extension View {
+    func statusGlassCard(brighten: Bool, verticalPadding: CGFloat, horizontalPadding: CGFloat = 12) -> some View {
+        self.modifier(
+            StatusGlassCardModifier(
+                brighten: brighten,
+                verticalPadding: verticalPadding,
+                horizontalPadding: horizontalPadding
+            )
+        )
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Status/StatusPill.swift

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import SwiftUI
 struct StatusPill: View {
     @Environment(\.scenePhase) private var scenePhase
     @Environment(\.accessibilityReduceMotion) private var reduceMotion
-    @Environment(\.colorSchemeContrast) private var contrast
 
     enum GatewayState: Equatable {
         case connected
@@ -86,20 +85,7 @@ struct StatusPill: View {
                         .transition(.opacity.combined(with: .move(edge: .top)))
                 }
             }
-            .padding(.vertical, 8)
-            .padding(.horizontal, 12)
-            .background {
-                RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
-                    .fill(.ultraThinMaterial)
-                    .overlay {
-                        RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
-                            .strokeBorder(
-                                .white.opacity(self.contrast == .increased ? 0.5 : (self.brighten ? 0.24 : 0.18)),
-                                lineWidth: self.contrast == .increased ? 1.0 : 0.5
-                            )
-                    }
-                    .shadow(color: .black.opacity(0.25), radius: 12, y: 6)
-            }
+            .statusGlassCard(brighten: self.brighten, verticalPadding: 8)
         }
         .buttonStyle(.plain)
         .accessibilityLabel("Connection Status")

apps/ios/Sources/Status/VoiceWakeToast.swift

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 import SwiftUI
 
 struct VoiceWakeToast: View {
-    @Environment(\.colorSchemeContrast) private var contrast
-
     var command: String
     var brighten: Bool = false
 
@@ -18,20 +16,7 @@ struct VoiceWakeToast: View {
                 .lineLimit(1)
                 .truncationMode(.tail)
         }
-        .padding(.vertical, 10)
-        .padding(.horizontal, 12)
-        .background {
-            RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
-                .fill(.ultraThinMaterial)
-                .overlay {
-                    RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 14, style: .continuous)
-                        .strokeBorder(
-                            .white.opacity(self.contrast == .increased ? 0.5 : (self.brighten ? 0.24 : 0.18)),
-                            lineWidth: self.contrast == .increased ? 1.0 : 0.5
-                        )
-                }
-                .shadow(color: .black.opacity(0.25), radius: 12, y: 6)
-        }
+        .statusGlassCard(brighten: self.brighten, verticalPadding: 10)
         .accessibilityLabel("Voice Wake triggered")
         .accessibilityValue("Command: \(self.command)")
     }

apps/ios/Sources/Voice/TalkModeManager.swift

@@ -7,6 +7,23 @@ import Observation
 import OSLog
 import Speech
 
+private final class StreamFailureBox: @unchecked Sendable {
+    private let lock = NSLock()
+    private var valueInternal: Error?
+
+    func set(_ error: Error) {
+        self.lock.lock()
+        self.valueInternal = error
+        self.lock.unlock()
+    }
+
+    var value: Error? {
+        self.lock.lock()
+        defer { self.lock.unlock() }
+        return self.valueInternal
+    }
+}
+
 // This file intentionally centralizes talk mode state + behavior.
 // It's large, and splitting would force `private` -> `fileprivate` across many members.
 // We'll refactor into smaller files when the surface stabilizes.
@@ -72,6 +89,9 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
     private var mainSessionKey: String = "main"
     private var fallbackVoiceId: String?
     private var lastPlaybackWasPCM: Bool = false
+    /// Set when the ElevenLabs API rejects PCM format (e.g. 403 subscription_required).
+    /// Once set, all subsequent requests in this session use MP3 instead of re-trying PCM.
+    private var pcmFormatUnavailable: Bool = false
     var pcmPlayer: PCMStreamingAudioPlaying = PCMStreamingAudioPlayer.shared
     var mp3Player: StreamingAudioPlaying = StreamingAudioPlayer.shared
 
@@ -987,9 +1007,12 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
                 self.logger.warning("unknown voice alias \(requestedVoice ?? "?", privacy: .public)")
             }
 
-            let resolvedKey =
-                (self.apiKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty == false ? self.apiKey : nil) ??
-                ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ELEVENLABS_API_KEY"]
+            let configuredKey = self.apiKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty == false ? self.apiKey : nil
+            #if DEBUG
+            let resolvedKey = configuredKey ?? ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ELEVENLABS_API_KEY"]
+            #else
+            let resolvedKey = configuredKey
+            #endif
             let apiKey = resolvedKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
             let preferredVoice = resolvedVoice ?? self.currentVoiceId ?? self.defaultVoiceId
             let voiceId: String? = if let apiKey, !apiKey.isEmpty {
@@ -1004,7 +1027,8 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
                 let desiredOutputFormat = (directive?.outputFormat ?? self.defaultOutputFormat)?
                     .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
                 let requestedOutputFormat = (desiredOutputFormat?.isEmpty == false) ? desiredOutputFormat : nil
-                let outputFormat = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat(requestedOutputFormat ?? "pcm_44100")
+                let outputFormat = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat(
+                    requestedOutputFormat ?? self.effectiveDefaultOutputFormat)
                 if outputFormat == nil, let requestedOutputFormat {
                     self.logger.warning(
                         "talk output_format unsupported for local playback: \(requestedOutputFormat, privacy: .public)")
@@ -1033,7 +1057,7 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
                 let request = makeRequest(outputFormat: outputFormat)
 
                 let client = ElevenLabsTTSClient(apiKey: apiKey)
-                let stream = client.streamSynthesize(voiceId: voiceId, request: request)
+                let rawStream = client.streamSynthesize(voiceId: voiceId, request: request)
 
                 if self.interruptOnSpeech {
                     do {
@@ -1048,11 +1072,16 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
                 let sampleRate = TalkTTSValidation.pcmSampleRate(from: outputFormat)
                 let result: StreamingPlaybackResult
                 if let sampleRate {
+                    let streamFailure = StreamFailureBox()
+                    let stream = Self.monitorStreamFailures(rawStream, failureBox: streamFailure)
                     self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = true
                     var playback = await self.pcmPlayer.play(stream: stream, sampleRate: sampleRate)
                     if !playback.finished, playback.interruptedAt == nil {
-                        let mp3Format = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100")
+                        let mp3Format = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100_128")
                         self.logger.warning("pcm playback failed; retrying mp3")
+                        if Self.isPCMFormatRejectedByAPI(streamFailure.value) {
+                            self.pcmFormatUnavailable = true
+                        }
                         self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = false
                         let mp3Stream = client.streamSynthesize(
                             voiceId: voiceId,
@@ -1062,7 +1091,7 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
                     result = playback
                 } else {
                     self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = false
-                    result = await self.mp3Player.play(stream: stream)
+                    result = await self.mp3Player.play(stream: rawStream)
                 }
                 let duration = Date().timeIntervalSince(started)
                 self.logger.info("elevenlabs stream finished=\(result.finished, privacy: .public) dur=\(duration, privacy: .public)s")
@@ -1388,7 +1417,7 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
 
     private func resolveIncrementalPrefetchOutputFormat(context: IncrementalSpeechContext) -> String? {
         if TalkTTSValidation.pcmSampleRate(from: context.outputFormat) != nil {
-            return ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100")
+            return ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100_128")
         }
         return context.outputFormat
     }
@@ -1477,15 +1506,19 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
         let desiredOutputFormat = (directive?.outputFormat ?? self.defaultOutputFormat)?
             .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
         let requestedOutputFormat = (desiredOutputFormat?.isEmpty == false) ? desiredOutputFormat : nil
-        let outputFormat = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat(requestedOutputFormat ?? "pcm_44100")
+        let outputFormat = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat(
+            requestedOutputFormat ?? self.effectiveDefaultOutputFormat)
         if outputFormat == nil, let requestedOutputFormat {
             self.logger.warning(
                 "talk output_format unsupported for local playback: \(requestedOutputFormat, privacy: .public)")
         }
 
-        let resolvedKey =
-            (self.apiKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty == false ? self.apiKey : nil) ??
-            ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ELEVENLABS_API_KEY"]
+        let configuredKey = self.apiKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).isEmpty == false ? self.apiKey : nil
+        #if DEBUG
+        let resolvedKey = configuredKey ?? ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["ELEVENLABS_API_KEY"]
+        #else
+        let resolvedKey = configuredKey
+        #endif
         let apiKey = resolvedKey?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
         let voiceId: String? = if let apiKey, !apiKey.isEmpty {
             await self.resolveVoiceId(preferred: preferredVoice, apiKey: apiKey)
@@ -1528,6 +1561,44 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
             latencyTier: TalkTTSValidation.validatedLatencyTier(context.directive?.latencyTier))
     }
 
+    /// Returns `mp3_44100_128` when the API has already rejected PCM, otherwise `pcm_44100`.
+    private var effectiveDefaultOutputFormat: String {
+        self.pcmFormatUnavailable ? "mp3_44100_128" : "pcm_44100"
+    }
+
+    private static func monitorStreamFailures(
+        _ stream: AsyncThrowingStream<Data, Error>,
+        failureBox: StreamFailureBox
+    ) -> AsyncThrowingStream<Data, Error>
+    {
+        AsyncThrowingStream { continuation in
+            let task = Task {
+                do {
+                    for try await chunk in stream {
+                        continuation.yield(chunk)
+                    }
+                    continuation.finish()
+                } catch {
+                    failureBox.set(error)
+                    continuation.finish(throwing: error)
+                }
+            }
+            continuation.onTermination = { _ in
+                task.cancel()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func isPCMFormatRejectedByAPI(_ error: Error?) -> Bool {
+        guard let error = error as NSError? else { return false }
+        guard error.domain == "ElevenLabsTTS", error.code >= 400 else { return false }
+        let message = (error.userInfo[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] as? String ?? error.localizedDescription).lowercased()
+        return message.contains("output_format")
+            || message.contains("pcm_")
+            || message.contains("pcm ")
+            || message.contains("subscription_required")
+    }
+
     private static func makeBufferedAudioStream(chunks: [Data]) -> AsyncThrowingStream<Data, Error> {
         AsyncThrowingStream { continuation in
             for chunk in chunks {
@@ -1569,22 +1640,27 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
             text: text,
             context: context,
             outputFormat: context.outputFormat)
-        let stream: AsyncThrowingStream<Data, Error>
+        let rawStream: AsyncThrowingStream<Data, Error>
         if let prefetchedAudio, !prefetchedAudio.chunks.isEmpty {
-            stream = Self.makeBufferedAudioStream(chunks: prefetchedAudio.chunks)
+            rawStream = Self.makeBufferedAudioStream(chunks: prefetchedAudio.chunks)
         } else {
-            stream = client.streamSynthesize(voiceId: voiceId, request: request)
+            rawStream = client.streamSynthesize(voiceId: voiceId, request: request)
         }
         let playbackFormat = prefetchedAudio?.outputFormat ?? context.outputFormat
         let sampleRate = TalkTTSValidation.pcmSampleRate(from: playbackFormat)
         let result: StreamingPlaybackResult
         if let sampleRate {
+            let streamFailure = StreamFailureBox()
+            let stream = Self.monitorStreamFailures(rawStream, failureBox: streamFailure)
             self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = true
             var playback = await self.pcmPlayer.play(stream: stream, sampleRate: sampleRate)
             if !playback.finished, playback.interruptedAt == nil {
                 self.logger.warning("pcm playback failed; retrying mp3")
+                if Self.isPCMFormatRejectedByAPI(streamFailure.value) {
+                    self.pcmFormatUnavailable = true
+                }
                 self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = false
-                let mp3Format = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100")
+                let mp3Format = ElevenLabsTTSClient.validatedOutputFormat("mp3_44100_128")
                 let mp3Stream = client.streamSynthesize(
                     voiceId: voiceId,
                     request: self.makeIncrementalTTSRequest(
@@ -1596,7 +1672,7 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
             result = playback
         } else {
             self.lastPlaybackWasPCM = false
-            result = await self.mp3Player.play(stream: stream)
+            result = await self.mp3Player.play(stream: rawStream)
         }
         if !result.finished, let interruptedAt = result.interruptedAt {
             self.lastInterruptedAtSeconds = interruptedAt
@@ -1606,6 +1682,8 @@ final class TalkModeManager: NSObject {
 }
 
 private struct IncrementalSpeechBuffer {
+    private static let softBoundaryMinChars = 72
+
     private(set) var latestText: String = ""
     private(set) var directive: TalkDirective?
     private var spokenOffset: Int = 0
@@ -1698,8 +1776,9 @@ private struct IncrementalSpeechBuffer {
             }
 
             if !inCodeBlock {
-                buffer.append(chars[idx])
-                if Self.isBoundary(chars[idx]) {
+                let currentChar = chars[idx]
+                buffer.append(currentChar)
+                if Self.isBoundary(currentChar) || Self.isSoftBoundary(currentChar, bufferedChars: buffer.count) {
                     lastBoundary = idx + 1
                     bufferAtBoundary = buffer
                     inCodeBlockAtBoundary = inCodeBlock
@@ -1726,6 +1805,10 @@ private struct IncrementalSpeechBuffer {
     private static func isBoundary(_ ch: Character) -> Bool {
         ch == "." || ch == "!" || ch == "?" || ch == "\n"
     }
+
+    private static func isSoftBoundary(_ ch: Character, bufferedChars: Int) -> Bool {
+        bufferedChars >= Self.softBoundaryMinChars && ch.isWhitespace
+    }
 }
 
 extension TalkModeManager {
@@ -1920,6 +2003,7 @@ extension TalkModeManager {
 
     func reloadConfig() async {
         guard let gateway else { return }
+        self.pcmFormatUnavailable = false
         do {
             let res = try await gateway.request(
                 method: "talk.config",
@@ -2099,6 +2183,10 @@ private final class AudioTapDiagnostics: @unchecked Sendable {
 
 #if DEBUG
 extension TalkModeManager {
+    static func _test_isPCMFormatRejectedByAPI(_ error: Error?) -> Bool {
+        self.isPCMFormatRejectedByAPI(error)
+    }
+
     func _test_seedTranscript(_ transcript: String) {
         self.lastTranscript = transcript
         self.lastHeard = Date()