fix(browser): thread ssrf policy through file-chooser hook click

(cherry picked from commit 6099405ba1e8b98caa92cce4487808d212dc3544)

.agents/skills/openclaw-parallels-smoke/SKILL.md

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Use this skill for Parallels guest workflows and smoke interpretation. Do not lo
 - Per-phase logs land under `/tmp/openclaw-parallels-*`.
 - Do not run local and gateway agent turns in parallel on the same fresh workspace or session.
 - If `main` is moving under active multi-agent work, prefer a detached worktree pinned to one commit for long Parallels suites. The smoke scripts now verify the packed tgz commit instead of live `git rev-parse HEAD`, but a pinned worktree still avoids noisy rebuild/version drift during reruns.
+- For `openclaw update --channel dev` lanes, remember the guest clones GitHub `main`, not your local worktree. If a local fix exists but the rerun still fails inside the cloned dev checkout, do not treat that as disproof of the fix until the branch has been pushed.
 - For `prlctl exec`, pass the VM name before `--current-user` (`prlctl exec "$VM" --current-user ...`), not the other way around.
 - If the workflow installs OpenClaw from a repo checkout instead of the site installer/npm release, finish by installing a real guest CLI shim and verifying it in a fresh guest shell. `pnpm openclaw ...` inside the repo is not enough for handoff parity.
 - On macOS guests, prefer a user-global install plus a stable PATH-visible shim:
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ Use this skill for Parallels guest workflows and smoke interpretation. Do not lo
 - Flow: fresh snapshot -> install npm package baseline -> smoke -> install current main tgz on the same guest -> smoke again.
 - Same-guest update verification should set the default model explicitly to `openai/gpt-5.4` before the agent turn and use a fresh explicit `--session-id` so old session model state does not leak into the check.
 - The aggregate npm-update wrapper must resolve the Linux VM with the same Ubuntu fallback policy as `parallels-linux-smoke.sh` before both fresh and update lanes. Treat any Ubuntu guest with major version `>= 24` as acceptable when the exact default VM is missing, preferring the closest version match. On Peter's current host today, missing `Ubuntu 24.04.3 ARM64` should fall back to `Ubuntu 25.10`.
+- On macOS same-guest update checks, restart the gateway after the npm upgrade before `gateway status` / `agent`; launchd can otherwise report a loaded service while the old process has exited and the fresh process is not RPC-ready yet.
 - On Windows same-guest update checks, restart the gateway after the npm upgrade before `gateway status` / `agent`; in-place global npm updates can otherwise leave stale hashed `dist/*` module imports alive in the running service.
 - For Windows same-guest update checks, prefer the done-file/log-drain PowerShell runner pattern over one long-lived `prlctl exec ... powershell -EncodedCommand ...` transport. The guest can finish successfully while the outer `prlctl exec` still hangs.
 - The Windows same-guest update helper should write stage markers to its log before long steps like tgz download and `npm install -g` so the outer progress monitor does not sit on `waiting for first log line` during healthy but quiet installs.
@@ -44,8 +46,15 @@ Use this skill for Parallels guest workflows and smoke interpretation. Do not lo
 ## macOS flow
 
 - Preferred entrypoint: `pnpm test:parallels:macos`
+- Default upgrade coverage on macOS should now include: fresh snapshot -> site installer pinned to the latest stable tag -> `openclaw update --channel dev` on the guest. Treat this as part of the default Tahoe regression plan, not an optional side quest.
+- `parallels-macos-smoke.sh --mode upgrade` should run that release-to-dev lane by default. Keep the older host-tgz upgrade path only when the caller explicitly passes `--target-package-spec`.
+- Because the default upgrade lane no longer needs a host tgz, skip `npm pack` + host HTTP server startup for `--mode upgrade` unless `--target-package-spec` is set. Keep the pack/server path for `fresh` and `both`.
+- If that release-to-dev lane fails with `reason=preflight-no-good-commit` and repeated `sh: pnpm: command not found` tails from `preflight build`, treat it as an updater regression first. The fix belongs in the git/dev updater bootstrap path, not in Parallels retry logic.
+- Until the public stable train includes that updater bootstrap fix, the macOS release-to-dev lane may seed a temporary guest-local `pnpm` shim immediately before `openclaw update --channel dev`. Keep that workaround scoped to the smoke harness and remove it once the latest stable no longer needs it.
+- In Tahoe `prlctl exec --current-user` runs, prefer explicit `node .../openclaw.mjs ...` invocations for the release->dev handoff itself and for post-update verification. The shebanged global `openclaw` wrapper can fail with `env: node: No such file or directory`, and self-updating through the wrapper is a weaker lane than invoking the entrypoint under a fixed `node`.
 - Default to the snapshot closest to `macOS 26.3.1 latest`.
 - On Peter's Tahoe VM, `fresh-latest-march-2026` can hang in `prlctl snapshot-switch`; if restore times out there, rerun with `--snapshot-hint 'macOS 26.3.1 latest'` before blaming auth or the harness.
+- `parallels-macos-smoke.sh` now retries `snapshot-switch` once after force-stopping a stuck running/suspended guest. If Tahoe still times out after that recovery path, then treat it as a real Parallels/host issue and rerun manually.
 - The macOS smoke should include a dashboard load phase after gateway health: resolve the tokenized URL with `openclaw dashboard --no-open`, verify the served HTML contains the Control UI title/root shell, then open Safari and require an established localhost TCP connection from Safari to the gateway port.
 - If a packaged install regresses with `500` on `/`, `/healthz`, or `__openclaw/control-ui-config.json` after `fresh.install-main` or `upgrade.install-main`, suspect bundled plugin runtime deps resolving from the package root `node_modules` rather than `dist/extensions/*/node_modules`. Repro quickly with a real `npm pack`/global install lane before blaming dashboard auth or Safari.
 - `prlctl exec` is fine for deterministic repo commands, but use the guest Terminal or `prlctl enter` when installer parity or shell-sensitive behavior matters.
@@ -59,13 +68,25 @@ Use this skill for Parallels guest workflows and smoke interpretation. Do not lo
 
 - Preferred entrypoint: `pnpm test:parallels:windows`
 - Use the snapshot closest to `pre-openclaw-native-e2e-2026-03-12`.
+- Default upgrade coverage on Windows should now include: fresh snapshot -> site installer pinned to the requested stable tag -> `openclaw update --channel dev` on the guest. Keep the older host-tgz upgrade path only when the caller explicitly passes `--target-package-spec`.
+- Optional exact npm-tag baseline on Windows: `bash scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh --mode upgrade --target-package-spec openclaw@<tag> --json`. That lane installs the published npm tarball as baseline, then runs `openclaw update --channel dev`.
+- Optional forward-fix Windows validation: `bash scripts/e2e/parallels-windows-smoke.sh --mode upgrade --upgrade-from-packed-main --json`. That lane installs the packed current-main npm tgz as baseline, then runs `openclaw update --channel dev`.
 - Always use `prlctl exec --current-user`; plain `prlctl exec` lands in `NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM`.
 - Prefer explicit `npm.cmd` and `openclaw.cmd`.
 - Use PowerShell only as the transport with `-ExecutionPolicy Bypass`, then call the `.cmd` shims from inside it.
+- Current Windows Node installs expose `corepack` as a `.cmd` shim. If a release-to-dev lane sees `corepack` on PATH but `openclaw update --channel dev` still behaves as if corepack is missing, treat that as an exec-shim regression first.
+- If an exact published-tag Windows lane fails during preflight with `npm run build` and `'pnpm' is not recognized`, remember that the guest is still executing the old published updater. Validate the fix with `--upgrade-from-packed-main`, then wait for the next tagged npm release before expecting the historical tag lane to pass.
 - Multi-word `openclaw agent --message ...` checks should call `& $openclaw ...` inside PowerShell, not `Start-Process ... -ArgumentList` against `openclaw.cmd`, or Commander can see split argv and throw `too many arguments for 'agent'`.
 - Windows installer/tgz phases now retry once after guest-ready recheck; keep new Windows smoke steps idempotent so a transport-flake retry is safe.
+- If a Windows retry sees the VM become `suspended` or `stopped`, resume/start it before the next `prlctl exec`; otherwise the second attempt just repeats the same `rc=255`.
 - Windows global `npm install -g` phases can stay quiet for a minute or more even when healthy; inspect the phase log before calling it hung, and only treat it as a regression once the retry wrapper or timeout trips.
+- When those Windows global installs stay quiet, the useful progress often lives in the guest npm debug log, not the helper phase log. The smoke script now streams incremental `npm-cache/_logs/*-debug-0.log` deltas into the phase log during long baseline/package installs; read those lines before assuming the lane is stalled.
+- The Windows baseline-package helpers now auto-dump the latest guest `npm-cache/_logs/*-debug-0.log` tail on timeout or nonzero completion. Read that tail in the phase log before opening a second guest shell.
+- The same incremental npm-debug streaming also applies to `--upgrade-from-packed-main` / packaged-install baseline phases. A phase log that still says only `install.start`, `install.download-tgz`, `install.install-tgz` can still be healthy if the streamed npm-debug section shows registry fetches or bundled-plugin postinstall work.
+- Fresh Windows tgz install phases should also use the background PowerShell runner plus done-file/log-drain pattern; do not rely on one long-lived `prlctl exec ... powershell ... npm install -g` transport for package installs.
+- Windows release-to-dev helpers should log `where pnpm` before and after the update and require `where pnpm` to succeed post-update. That proves the updater installed or enabled `pnpm` itself instead of depending on a smoke-only bootstrap.
 - Fresh Windows ref-mode onboard should use the same background PowerShell runner plus done-file/log-drain pattern as the npm-update helper, including startup materialization checks, host-side timeouts on short poll `prlctl exec` calls, and retry-on-poll-failure behavior for transient transport flakes.
+- Fresh Windows daemon-health reachability should use a hello-only gateway probe and a longer per-probe timeout than the default local attach path; full health RPCs are too eager during initial startup on current main.
 - Fresh Windows ref-mode agent verification should set `OPENAI_API_KEY` in the PowerShell environment before invoking `openclaw.cmd agent`, for the same pairing-required fallback reason as macOS.
 - The standalone Windows upgrade smoke lane should stop the managed gateway after `upgrade.install-main` and before `upgrade.onboard-ref`. Restarting before onboard can leave the old process alive on the pre-onboard token while onboard rewrites `~/.openclaw/openclaw.json`, which then fails `gateway-health` with `unauthorized: gateway token mismatch`.
 - If standalone Windows upgrade fails with a gateway token mismatch but `pnpm test:parallels:npm-update` passes, trust the mismatch as a standalone ref-onboard ordering bug first; the npm-update helper does not re-run ref-mode onboard on the same guest.
@@ -82,6 +103,7 @@ Use this skill for Parallels guest workflows and smoke interpretation. Do not lo
 - Fresh `main` tgz smoke still needs the latest-release installer first because the snapshot has no Node or npm before bootstrap.
 - This snapshot does not have a usable `systemd --user` session; managed daemon install is unsupported.
 - The Linux smoke now falls back to a manual `setsid openclaw gateway run --bind loopback --port 18789 --force` launch with `HOME=/root` and the provider secret exported, then verifies `gateway status --deep --require-rpc` when available.
+- The Linux manual gateway launch should wait for `gateway status --deep --require-rpc` inside the `gateway-start` phase; otherwise the first status probe can race the background bind and fail a healthy lane.
 - If Linux gateway bring-up fails, inspect `/tmp/openclaw-parallels-linux-gateway.log` in the guest phase logs first; the common failure mode is a missing provider secret in the launched gateway environment.
 
 ## Discord roundtrip

.agents/skills/openclaw-qa-testing/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+---
+name: openclaw-qa-testing
+description: Run, watch, debug, and extend OpenClaw QA testing with qa-lab and qa-channel. Use when Codex needs to execute the repo-backed QA suite, inspect live QA artifacts, debug failing scenarios, add new QA scenarios, or explain the OpenClaw QA workflow. Prefer the live OpenAI lane with regular openai/gpt-5.4 in fast mode; do not use gpt-5.4-pro or gpt-5.4-mini unless the user explicitly overrides that policy.
+---
+
+# OpenClaw QA Testing
+
+Use this skill for `qa-lab` / `qa-channel` work. Repo-local QA only.
+
+## Read first
+
+- `docs/concepts/qa-e2e-automation.md`
+- `docs/help/testing.md`
+- `docs/channels/qa-channel.md`
+- `qa/QA_KICKOFF_TASK.md`
+- `qa/seed-scenarios.json`
+- `extensions/qa-lab/src/suite.ts`
+
+## Model policy
+
+- Live OpenAI lane: `openai/gpt-5.4`
+- Fast mode: on
+- Do not use:
+  - `openai/gpt-5.4-pro`
+  - `openai/gpt-5.4-mini`
+- Only change model policy if the user explicitly asks.
+
+## Default workflow
+
+1. Read the seed plan and current suite implementation.
+2. Decide lane:
+   - mock/dev: `mock-openai`
+   - real validation: `live-openai`
+3. For live OpenAI, use:
+
+```bash
+OPENCLAW_LIVE_OPENAI_KEY="${OPENAI_API_KEY}" \
+pnpm openclaw qa suite \
+  --provider-mode live-openai \
+  --model openai/gpt-5.4 \
+  --alt-model openai/gpt-5.4 \
+  --fast \
+  --output-dir .artifacts/qa-e2e/run-all-live-openai-<tag>
+```
+
+4. Watch outputs:
+   - summary: `.artifacts/qa-e2e/run-all-live-openai-<tag>/qa-suite-summary.json`
+   - report: `.artifacts/qa-e2e/run-all-live-openai-<tag>/qa-suite-report.md`
+5. If the user wants to watch the live UI, find the current `openclaw-qa` listen port and report `http://127.0.0.1:<port>`.
+6. If a scenario fails, fix the product or harness root cause, then rerun the full lane.
+
+## Repo facts
+
+- Seed scenarios live in `qa/`.
+- Main live runner: `extensions/qa-lab/src/suite.ts`
+- QA lab server: `extensions/qa-lab/src/lab-server.ts`
+- Child gateway harness: `extensions/qa-lab/src/gateway-child.ts`
+- Synthetic channel: `extensions/qa-channel/`
+
+## What “done” looks like
+
+- Full suite green for the requested lane.
+- User gets:
+  - watch URL if applicable
+  - pass/fail counts
+  - artifact paths
+  - concise note on what was fixed
+
+## Common failure patterns
+
+- Live timeout too short:
+  - widen live waits in `extensions/qa-lab/src/suite.ts`
+- Discovery cannot find repo files:
+  - point prompts at `repo/...` inside seeded workspace
+- Subagent proof too brittle:
+  - prefer stable final reply evidence over transient child-session listing
+- Harness “rebuild” delay:
+  - dirty tree can trigger a pre-run build; expect that before ports appear
+
+## When adding scenarios
+
+- Add scenario metadata to `qa/seed-scenarios.json`
+- Keep kickoff expectations in `qa/QA_KICKOFF_TASK.md` aligned
+- Add executable coverage in `extensions/qa-lab/src/suite.ts`
+- Prefer end-to-end assertions over mock-only checks
+- Save outputs under `.artifacts/qa-e2e/`

.agents/skills/openclaw-qa-testing/agents/openai.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+interface:
+  display_name: "QA Test OpenClaw"
+  short_description: "Run and debug qa-lab and qa-channel scenarios"
+  default_prompt: "Use $openclaw-qa-testing to run or extend the OpenClaw QA suite with qa-lab and qa-channel, using regular openai/gpt-5.4 in fast mode for live OpenAI runs."

.agents/skills/security-triage/SKILL.md

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ Check in this order:
    - Was it fixed before release?
 3. Exploit path
    - Does the report show a real boundary bypass, not just prompt injection, local same-user control, or helper-level semantics?
+   - If data only moves between trusted workspace-memory files called out in `SECURITY.md`, do not treat "injection markers" alone as a security bug.
+   - In that case, frame sanitization as optional hardening only if it preserves expected memory workflows.
 4. Functional tradeoff
    - If a hardening change would reduce intended user functionality, call that out before proposing it.
    - Prefer fixes that preserve user workflows over deny-by-default regressions unless the boundary demands it.
@@ -104,5 +106,6 @@ gh search prs --repo openclaw/openclaw --match title,body,comments -- "<terms>"
 - “fixed on main, unreleased” is usually not a close.
 - “needs attacker-controlled trusted local state first” is usually out of scope.
 - “same-host same-user process can already read/write local state” is usually out of scope.
+- “trusted workspace memory promotes/reindexes trusted workspace memory” is usually out of scope unless it crosses a documented boundary.
 - “helper function behaves differently than documented config semantics” is usually invalid.
 - If only the severity is wrong but the bug is real, keep it open and narrow the impact in the reply.

.github/actions/setup-node-env/action.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ inputs:
   pnpm-version:
     description: pnpm version for corepack.
     required: false
-    default: "10.23.0"
+    default: "10.32.1"
   install-bun:
     description: Whether to install Bun alongside Node.
     required: false

.github/actions/setup-pnpm-store-cache/action.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ inputs:
   pnpm-version:
     description: pnpm version to activate via corepack.
     required: false
-    default: "10.23.0"
+    default: "10.32.1"
   cache-key-suffix:
     description: Suffix appended to the cache key.
     required: false

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -64,6 +64,17 @@
       - any-glob-to-any-file:
           - "extensions/qqbot/**"
           - "docs/channels/qqbot.md"
+"channel: qa-channel":
+  - changed-files:
+      - any-glob-to-any-file:
+          - "extensions/qa-channel/**"
+          - "docs/channels/qa-channel.md"
+"extensions: qa-lab":
+  - changed-files:
+      - any-glob-to-any-file:
+          - "extensions/qa-lab/**"
+          - "docs/concepts/qa-e2e-automation.md"
+          - "docs/channels/qa-channel.md"
 "channel: signal":
   - changed-files:
       - any-glob-to-any-file:
@@ -222,10 +233,18 @@
   - changed-files:
       - any-glob-to-any-file:
           - "extensions/memory-lancedb/**"
+"extensions: memory-wiki":
+  - changed-files:
+      - any-glob-to-any-file:
+          - "extensions/memory-wiki/**"
 "extensions: open-prose":
   - changed-files:
       - any-glob-to-any-file:
           - "extensions/open-prose/**"
+"extensions: webhooks":
+  - changed-files:
+      - any-glob-to-any-file:
+          - "extensions/webhooks/**"
 "extensions: device-pair":
   - changed-files:
       - any-glob-to-any-file:

.github/workflows/auto-response.yml

@@ -407,8 +407,12 @@ jobs:
               "Closing this PR because it looks dirty (too many unrelated or unexpected changes). This usually happens when a branch picks up unrelated commits or a merge went sideways. Please recreate the PR from a clean branch.";
 
             if (pullRequest) {
-              // `bad-barnacle` exempts PRs that Barnacle incorrectly marked dirty.
-              if (labelSet.has(dirtyLabel) && !labelSet.has(badBarnacleLabel)) {
+              if (labelSet.has(badBarnacleLabel)) {
+                core.info(`Skipping PR auto-response checks for #${pullRequest.number} because ${badBarnacleLabel} is present.`);
+                return;
+              }
+
+              if (labelSet.has(dirtyLabel)) {
                 await github.rest.issues.createComment({
                   owner: context.repo.owner,
                   repo: context.repo.repo,

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
       run_check_additional: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_check_additional }}
       run_build_smoke: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_build_smoke }}
       run_check_docs: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_check_docs }}
+      run_control_ui_i18n: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_control_ui_i18n }}
       run_checks_windows: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_checks_windows }}
       checks_windows_matrix: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.checks_windows_matrix }}
       run_macos_node: ${{ steps.manifest.outputs.run_macos_node }}
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@ jobs:
           OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_ANDROID: ${{ steps.changed_scope.outputs.run_android || 'false' }}
           OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_WINDOWS: ${{ steps.changed_scope.outputs.run_windows || 'false' }}
           OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_SKILLS_PYTHON: ${{ steps.changed_scope.outputs.run_skills_python || 'false' }}
+          OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_CONTROL_UI_I18N: ${{ steps.changed_scope.outputs.run_control_ui_i18n || 'false' }}
           OPENCLAW_CI_HAS_CHANGED_EXTENSIONS: ${{ steps.changed_extensions.outputs.has_changed_extensions || 'false' }}
           OPENCLAW_CI_CHANGED_EXTENSIONS_MATRIX: ${{ steps.changed_extensions.outputs.changed_extensions_matrix || '{"include":[]}' }}
         run: |
@@ -165,6 +167,8 @@ jobs:
           const runAndroid = parseBoolean(process.env.OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_ANDROID) && !docsOnly;
           const runWindows = parseBoolean(process.env.OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_WINDOWS) && !docsOnly;
           const runSkillsPython = parseBoolean(process.env.OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_SKILLS_PYTHON) && !docsOnly;
+          const runControlUiI18n =
+            parseBoolean(process.env.OPENCLAW_CI_RUN_CONTROL_UI_I18N) && !docsOnly;
           const hasChangedExtensions =
             parseBoolean(process.env.OPENCLAW_CI_HAS_CHANGED_EXTENSIONS) && !docsOnly;
           const changedExtensionsMatrix = hasChangedExtensions
@@ -241,6 +245,7 @@ jobs:
             run_check_additional: runNode,
             run_build_smoke: runNode,
             run_check_docs: docsChanged,
+            run_control_ui_i18n: runControlUiI18n,
             run_skills_python_job: runSkillsPython,
             run_checks_windows: runWindows,
             checks_windows_matrix: createMatrix(
@@ -545,7 +550,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "OPENCLAW_VITEST_MAX_WORKERS=2" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           if [ "$TASK" = "channels" ]; then
             echo "OPENCLAW_VITEST_MAX_WORKERS=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-            echo "OPENCLAW_TEST_ISOLATE=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           fi
 
       - name: Download dist artifact
@@ -739,11 +743,27 @@ jobs:
         continue-on-error: true
         run: pnpm run lint:extensions:no-relative-outside-package
 
+      - name: Run extension channel lint
+        id: extension_channel_lint
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: pnpm run lint:extensions:channels
+
+      - name: Run bundled extension lint
+        id: extension_bundled_lint
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: pnpm run lint:extensions:bundled
+
       - name: Enforce safe external URL opening policy
         id: no_raw_window_open
         continue-on-error: true
         run: pnpm lint:ui:no-raw-window-open
 
+      - name: Check control UI locale sync
+        id: control_ui_i18n
+        if: needs.preflight.outputs.run_control_ui_i18n == 'true'
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: pnpm ui:i18n:check
+
       - name: Run gateway watch regression harness
         id: gateway_watch_regression
         continue-on-error: true
@@ -775,7 +795,10 @@ jobs:
           EXTENSION_SRC_OUTSIDE_PLUGIN_SDK_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.extension_src_outside_plugin_sdk_boundary.outcome }}
           EXTENSION_PLUGIN_SDK_INTERNAL_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.extension_plugin_sdk_internal_boundary.outcome }}
           EXTENSION_RELATIVE_OUTSIDE_PACKAGE_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.extension_relative_outside_package_boundary.outcome }}
+          EXTENSION_CHANNEL_LINT_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.extension_channel_lint.outcome }}
+          EXTENSION_BUNDLED_LINT_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.extension_bundled_lint.outcome }}
           NO_RAW_WINDOW_OPEN_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.no_raw_window_open.outcome }}
+          CONTROL_UI_I18N_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.control_ui_i18n.outcome == 'skipped' && 'success' || steps.control_ui_i18n.outcome }}
           GATEWAY_WATCH_REGRESSION_OUTCOME: ${{ steps.gateway_watch_regression.outcome }}
         run: |
           failures=0
@@ -795,7 +818,10 @@ jobs:
             "extension-src-outside-plugin-sdk-boundary|$EXTENSION_SRC_OUTSIDE_PLUGIN_SDK_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME" \
             "extension-plugin-sdk-internal-boundary|$EXTENSION_PLUGIN_SDK_INTERNAL_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME" \
             "extension-relative-outside-package-boundary|$EXTENSION_RELATIVE_OUTSIDE_PACKAGE_BOUNDARY_OUTCOME" \
+            "lint:extensions:channels|$EXTENSION_CHANNEL_LINT_OUTCOME" \
+            "lint:extensions:bundled|$EXTENSION_BUNDLED_LINT_OUTCOME" \
             "lint:ui:no-raw-window-open|$NO_RAW_WINDOW_OPEN_OUTCOME" \
+            "ui:i18n:check|$CONTROL_UI_I18N_OUTCOME" \
             "gateway-watch-regression|$GATEWAY_WATCH_REGRESSION_OUTCOME"; do
             name="${result%%|*}"
             outcome="${result#*|}"
@@ -950,7 +976,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup pnpm + cache store
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-pnpm-store-cache
         with:
-          pnpm-version: "10.23.0"
+          pnpm-version: "10.32.1"
           cache-key-suffix: "node24"
           # Sticky disk mount currently retries/fails on every shard and adds ~50s
           # before install while still yielding zero pnpm store reuse.

.github/workflows/control-ui-locale-refresh.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+name: Control UI Locale Refresh
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - ui/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
+      - ui/src/i18n/locales/*.ts
+      - ui/src/i18n/.i18n/*
+      - ui/src/i18n/lib/types.ts
+      - ui/src/i18n/lib/registry.ts
+      - scripts/control-ui-i18n.ts
+      - .github/workflows/control-ui-locale-refresh.yml
+  release:
+    types:
+      - published
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "23 4 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+concurrency:
+  group: control-ui-locale-refresh
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+
+jobs:
+  plan:
+    if: github.repository == 'openclaw/openclaw' && (github.event_name != 'push' || github.actor != 'github-actions[bot]')
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      has_locales: ${{ steps.plan.outputs.has_locales }}
+      locales_json: ${{ steps.plan.outputs.locales_json }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+          submodules: false
+
+      - name: Plan locale matrix
+        id: plan
+        env:
+          BEFORE_SHA: ${{ github.event.before }}
+          EVENT_NAME: ${{ github.event_name }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+
+          all_locales_json='["zh-CN","zh-TW","pt-BR","de","es","ja-JP","ko","fr","tr","uk","id","pl"]'
+
+          if [ "$EVENT_NAME" != "push" ]; then
+            echo "has_locales=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "locales_json=$all_locales_json" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          before_ref="$BEFORE_SHA"
+          if [ -z "$before_ref" ] || [ "$before_ref" = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" ]; then
+            before_ref="$(git rev-parse HEAD^)"
+          fi
+
+          changed_files="$(git diff --name-only "$before_ref" HEAD)"
+          echo "changed files:"
+          printf '%s\n' "$changed_files"
+
+          if printf '%s\n' "$changed_files" | grep -Eq '^(ui/src/i18n/locales/en\.ts|ui/src/i18n/lib/types\.ts|ui/src/i18n/lib/registry\.ts|scripts/control-ui-i18n\.ts|\.github/workflows/control-ui-locale-refresh\.yml)$'; then
+            echo "has_locales=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "locales_json=$all_locales_json" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          locales_json="$(printf '%s\n' "$changed_files" | node <<'EOF'
+          const fs = require("node:fs");
+          const changed = fs.readFileSync(0, "utf8").split(/\r?\n/).filter(Boolean);
+          const locales = new Set();
+          for (const file of changed) {
+            let match = file.match(/^ui\/src\/i18n\/locales\/(.+)\.ts$/);
+            if (match && match[1] !== "en") {
+              locales.add(match[1]);
+              continue;
+            }
+            match = file.match(/^ui\/src\/i18n\/\.i18n\/(.+)\.(?:meta\.json|tm\.jsonl)$/);
+            if (match) {
+              locales.add(match[1]);
+            }
+          }
+          process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify([...locales]));
+          EOF
+          )"
+
+          if [ "$locales_json" = "[]" ]; then
+            echo "has_locales=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "locales_json=[]" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          echo "has_locales=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "locales_json=$locales_json" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+  refresh:
+    needs: plan
+    if: github.repository == 'openclaw/openclaw' && needs.plan.outputs.has_locales == 'true'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      max-parallel: 4
+      matrix:
+        locale: ${{ fromJson(needs.plan.outputs.locales_json) }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    name: Refresh ${{ matrix.locale }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: true
+          submodules: false
+
+      - name: Setup Node environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-node-env
+        with:
+          install-bun: "false"
+          use-sticky-disk: "false"
+
+      - name: Ensure translation provider secrets exist
+        env:
+          OPENAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.OPENCLAW_DOCS_I18N_OPENAI_API_KEY || secrets.OPENAI_API_KEY }}
+          ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if [ -z "${OPENAI_API_KEY:-}" ] && [ -z "${ANTHROPIC_API_KEY:-}" ]; then
+            echo "Missing OPENCLAW_DOCS_I18N_OPENAI_API_KEY, OPENAI_API_KEY, or ANTHROPIC_API_KEY secret."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Refresh control UI locale files
+        env:
+          OPENAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.OPENCLAW_DOCS_I18N_OPENAI_API_KEY || secrets.OPENAI_API_KEY }}
+          ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}
+          OPENCLAW_CONTROL_UI_I18N_MODEL: gpt-5.4
+          OPENCLAW_CONTROL_UI_I18N_THINKING: low
+        run: node --import tsx scripts/control-ui-i18n.ts sync --locale "${{ matrix.locale }}" --write
+
+      - name: Commit and push locale updates
+        env:
+          LOCALE: ${{ matrix.locale }}
+          TARGET_BRANCH: ${{ github.event.repository.default_branch }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if git diff --quiet -- ui/src/i18n; then
+            echo "No control UI locale changes for ${LOCALE}."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+          git add -A ui/src/i18n
+          git commit --no-verify -m "chore(ui): refresh ${LOCALE} control ui locale"
+
+          for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+            git fetch origin "${TARGET_BRANCH}"
+            git rebase --autostash "origin/${TARGET_BRANCH}"
+            if git push origin HEAD:"${TARGET_BRANCH}"; then
+              exit 0
+            fi
+            echo "Push attempt ${attempt} for ${LOCALE} failed; retrying."
+            sleep $((attempt * 2))
+          done
+
+          echo "Failed to push ${LOCALE} locale update after retries."
+          exit 1

.github/workflows/docs-sync-publish.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+name: Docs Sync Publish Repo
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - docs/**
+      - scripts/docs-sync-publish.mjs
+      - .github/workflows/docs-sync-publish.yml
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  sync-publish-repo:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout source repo
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 22
+
+      - name: Clone publish repo
+        env:
+          OPENCLAW_DOCS_SYNC_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.OPENCLAW_DOCS_SYNC_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          git clone \
+            "https://x-access-token:${OPENCLAW_DOCS_SYNC_TOKEN}@github.com/openclaw/docs.git" \
+            publish
+
+      - name: Sync docs into publish repo
+        run: |
+          node scripts/docs-sync-publish.mjs \
+            --target "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/publish" \
+            --source-repo "$GITHUB_REPOSITORY" \
+            --source-sha "$GITHUB_SHA"
+
+      - name: Commit publish repo sync
+        working-directory: publish
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if git diff --quiet -- docs .openclaw-sync; then
+            echo "No publish-repo changes."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          git config user.name "openclaw-docs-sync[bot]"
+          git config user.email "openclaw-docs-sync[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+          git add docs .openclaw-sync
+          git commit -m "chore(sync): mirror docs from $GITHUB_REPOSITORY@$GITHUB_SHA"
+          for attempt in 1 2 3 4 5; do
+            git fetch origin main
+            git rebase origin/main
+            if git push origin HEAD:main; then
+              exit 0
+            fi
+            echo "Push attempt ${attempt} failed; retrying."
+            sleep $((attempt * 2))
+          done
+
+          echo "Failed to push publish-repo sync after retries."
+          exit 1

.github/workflows/docs-translate-trigger-release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+name: Docs Trigger Locale Translate On Release
+
+on:
+  release:
+    types:
+      - published
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  dispatch-translate:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Trigger locale translates in publish repo
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.OPENCLAW_DOCS_SYNC_TOKEN }}
+          RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          for event_type in \
+            translate-zh-cn-release \
+            translate-ja-jp-release \
+            translate-es-release \
+            translate-pt-br-release \
+            translate-ko-release \
+            translate-de-release \
+            translate-fr-release \
+            translate-ar-release \
+            translate-it-release \
+            translate-tr-release \
+            translate-uk-release \
+            translate-id-release \
+            translate-pl-release
+          do
+            gh api repos/openclaw/docs/dispatches \
+              --method POST \
+              -f event_type="${event_type}" \
+              -f client_payload[release_tag]="${RELEASE_TAG}" \
+              -f client_payload[source_repository]="${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}" \
+              -f client_payload[source_sha]="${GITHUB_SHA}"
+          done

.github/workflows/macos-release.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ concurrency:
 env:
   FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
   NODE_VERSION: "24.x"
-  PNPM_VERSION: "10.23.0"
+  PNPM_VERSION: "10.32.1"
 
 jobs:
   validate_macos_release_request:

.github/workflows/openclaw-npm-release.yml

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ concurrency:
 env:
   FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
   NODE_VERSION: "24.x"
-  PNPM_VERSION: "10.23.0"
+  PNPM_VERSION: "10.32.1"
 
 jobs:
   preflight_openclaw_npm:
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
           pnpm-version: ${{ env.PNPM_VERSION }}
-          install-bun: "false"
+          install-bun: "true"
           use-sticky-disk: "false"
 
       - name: Ensure version is not already published
@@ -129,6 +129,31 @@ jobs:
       - name: Verify release contents
         run: pnpm release:check
 
+      - name: Validate live cache credentials
+        if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        env:
+          ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}
+          OPENAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.OPENAI_API_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if [[ -z "${OPENAI_API_KEY}" ]]; then
+            echo "Missing OPENAI_API_KEY secret for release live cache validation." >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if [[ -z "${ANTHROPIC_API_KEY}" ]]; then
+            echo "Missing ANTHROPIC_API_KEY secret for release live cache validation." >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Verify live prompt cache floors
+        if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        env:
+          ANTHROPIC_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}
+          OPENAI_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.OPENAI_API_KEY }}
+          OPENCLAW_LIVE_CACHE_TEST: "1"
+          OPENCLAW_LIVE_TEST: "1"
+        run: pnpm test:live:cache
+
       - name: Pack prepared npm tarball
         id: packed_tarball
         env:

.github/workflows/plugin-clawhub-release.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ concurrency:
 env:
   FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
   NODE_VERSION: "24.x"
-  PNPM_VERSION: "10.23.0"
+  PNPM_VERSION: "10.32.1"
   CLAWHUB_REGISTRY: "https://clawhub.ai"
   CLAWHUB_REPOSITORY: "openclaw/clawhub"
   # Pinned to a reviewed ClawHub commit so release behavior stays reproducible.

.github/workflows/plugin-npm-release.yml

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ concurrency:
 env:
   FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
   NODE_VERSION: "24.x"
-  PNPM_VERSION: "10.23.0"
+  PNPM_VERSION: "10.32.1"
 
 jobs:
   preview_plugins_npm:

.gitignore

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ node_modules
 docker-compose.override.yml
 docker-compose.extra.yml
 dist
-dist-runtime
+dist-runtime/
 pnpm-lock.yaml
 bun.lock
 bun.lockb
@@ -136,10 +136,17 @@ ui/src/ui/views/__screenshots__
 ui/.vitest-attachments
 docs/superpowers
 
+# Generated docs baseline artifacts (locally generated, only hashes tracked)
+docs/.generated/*.json
+docs/.generated/*.jsonl
+
 # Deprecated changelog fragment workflow
 changelog/fragments/
 
 # Local scratch workspace
 .tmp/
+.artifacts/
 test/fixtures/openclaw-vitest-unit-report.json
 analysis/
+.artifacts/qa-e2e/
+extensions/qa-lab/web/dist/

.oxlintrc.json

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
   "ignorePatterns": [
     "assets/",
     "dist/",
+    "dist-runtime/",
     "docs/_layouts/",
-    "extensions/",
     "node_modules/",
     "patches/",
     "pnpm-lock.yaml",
@@ -34,6 +34,36 @@
     "src/auto-reply/reply/export-html/template.js",
     "src/canvas-host/a2ui/a2ui.bundle.js",
     "Swabble/",
-    "vendor/"
+    "vendor/",
+    "**/.cache/**",
+    "**/build/**",
+    "**/coverage/**",
+    "**/dist/**",
+    "**/dist-runtime/**",
+    "**/node_modules/**"
+  ],
+  "overrides": [
+    {
+      "files": [
+        "**/*.test.ts",
+        "**/*.test.tsx",
+        "**/*.e2e.test.ts",
+        "**/*.live.test.ts",
+        "**/*test-harness.ts",
+        "**/*test-helpers.ts",
+        "**/*test-support.ts"
+      ],
+      "rules": {
+        "typescript/await-thenable": "off",
+        "typescript/no-base-to-string": "off",
+        "typescript/no-explicit-any": "off",
+        "typescript/no-floating-promises": "off",
+        "typescript/no-misused-spread": "off",
+        "typescript/no-redundant-type-constituents": "off",
+        "typescript/no-unnecessary-template-expression": "off",
+        "typescript/unbound-method": "off",
+        "eslint/no-unsafe-optional-chaining": "off"
+      }
+    }
   ]
 }

AGENTS.md

@@ -38,8 +38,14 @@
 - Plugin and extension boundary:
   - Public docs: `docs/plugins/building-plugins.md`, `docs/plugins/architecture.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-overview.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-entrypoints.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-runtime.md`, `docs/plugins/manifest.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-channel-plugins.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-provider-plugins.md`
   - Definition files: `src/plugin-sdk/plugin-entry.ts`, `src/plugin-sdk/core.ts`, `src/plugin-sdk/provider-entry.ts`, `src/plugin-sdk/channel-contract.ts`, `scripts/lib/plugin-sdk-entrypoints.json`, `package.json`
+  - Invariant: core must stay extension-agnostic. Adding a bundled or third-party extension should not require unrelated core edits just to teach core that the extension exists.
   - Rule: extensions must cross into core only through `openclaw/plugin-sdk/*`, manifest metadata, and documented runtime helpers. Do not import `src/**` from extension production code.
   - Rule: core code and tests must not deep-import bundled plugin internals such as a plugin's `src/**` files or `onboard.js`. If core needs a bundled plugin helper, expose it through that plugin's `api.ts` and, when it is a real cross-package contract, through `src/plugin-sdk/<id>.ts`.
+  - Rule: do not add hardcoded bundled extension/provider/channel/capability id lists, maps, or named special cases in core when a manifest, capability, registry, or plugin-owned contract can express the same behavior.
+  - Rule: extension-owned compatibility behavior belongs to the owning extension. Core may orchestrate generic doctor/config flows, but extension-specific legacy repairs, detection rules, onboarding, auth detection, and provider defaults should live in plugin-owned contracts.
+  - Rule: for legacy config specifically, prefer doctor-owned repair paths over startup/load-time core migrations. Do not add new plugin-specific legacy migration logic to shared core/runtime surfaces when `openclaw doctor --fix` can own it.
+  - Rule: when a test is asserting extension-specific behavior, keep that coverage in the owning extension when feasible. Core tests should assert generic contracts and registry/capability behavior, not extension internals.
+  - Refactor trigger: if you encounter core code or tests that name a specific extension/provider/channel for extension-owned behavior, refactor toward a generic registry/capability/plugin-owned seam instead of adding another special case.
   - Compatibility: new plugin seams are allowed, but they must be added as documented, backwards-compatible, versioned contracts. We have third-party plugins in the wild and do not break them casually.
 - Channel boundary:
   - Public docs: `docs/plugins/sdk-channel-plugins.md`, `docs/plugins/architecture.md`
@@ -55,6 +61,11 @@
   - Public docs: `docs/gateway/protocol.md`, `docs/gateway/bridge-protocol.md`, `docs/concepts/architecture.md`
   - Definition files: `src/gateway/protocol/schema.ts`, `src/gateway/protocol/schema/*.ts`, `src/gateway/protocol/index.ts`
   - Rule: protocol changes are contract changes. Prefer additive evolution; incompatible changes require explicit versioning, docs, and client/codegen follow-through.
+- Config contract boundary:
+  - Canonical public config lives in exported config types, zod/schema surfaces, schema help/labels, generated config metadata, config baselines, and any user-facing gateway/config payloads. Keep those surfaces aligned.
+  - When a legacy config key is retired from the public contract, remove it from every public config surface above. Keep backward compatibility only through raw-config migration/doctor seams unless explicit product policy says otherwise.
+  - Do not reintroduce removed legacy aliases into public types/schema/help/baselines “for convenience”. If old configs still need to load, handle that in `legacy.migrations.*`, config ingest, or `openclaw doctor --fix`.
+  - `hooks.internal.entries` is the canonical public hook config model. `hooks.internal.handlers` is compatibility-only input and must not be re-exposed in public schema/help/baseline surfaces.
 - Bundled plugin contract boundary:
   - Public docs: `docs/plugins/architecture.md`, `docs/plugins/manifest.md`, `docs/plugins/sdk-overview.md`
 - Definition files: `src/plugins/contracts/registry.ts`, `src/plugins/types.ts`, `src/plugins/public-artifacts.ts`
@@ -62,6 +73,7 @@
 - Extension test boundary:
   - Keep extension-owned onboarding/config/provider coverage under the owning bundled plugin package when feasible.
   - If core tests need bundled plugin behavior, consume it through public `src/plugin-sdk/<id>.ts` facades or the plugin's `api.ts`, not private extension modules.
+  - If a core test is asserting extension-specific behavior instead of a generic contract, move it to the owning extension package.
 
 ## Docs Linking (Mintlify)
 
@@ -76,16 +88,24 @@
 - README (GitHub): keep absolute docs URLs (`https://docs.openclaw.ai/...`) so links work on GitHub.
 - Docs content must be generic: no personal device names/hostnames/paths; use placeholders like `user@gateway-host` and “gateway host”.
 
-## Docs i18n (zh-CN)
+## Docs i18n (generated publish locales)
 
-- `docs/zh-CN/**` is generated; do not edit unless the user explicitly asks.
-- Pipeline: update English docs → adjust glossary (`docs/.i18n/glossary.zh-CN.json`) → run `scripts/docs-i18n` → apply targeted fixes only if instructed.
+- Foreign-language docs are not maintained in this repo. The generated publish output lives in the separate `openclaw/docs` repo (often cloned locally as the sibling `openclaw-docs` directory); do not add or edit localized docs under `docs/<locale>/**` here.
+- Those localized docs are autogenerated. Treat this repo's English docs plus glossary files as the source of truth, and let the publish/translation pipeline update `openclaw/docs`.
+- Pipeline: update English docs here → adjust the matching `docs/.i18n/glossary.<locale>.json` entries → let the publish-repo sync + `scripts/docs-i18n` run in `openclaw/docs` / local `openclaw-docs` clone → apply targeted fixes only if instructed.
 - Before rerunning `scripts/docs-i18n`, add glossary entries for any new technical terms, page titles, or short nav labels that must stay in English or use a fixed translation (for example `Doctor` or `Polls`).
 - `pnpm docs:check-i18n-glossary` enforces glossary coverage for changed English doc titles and short internal doc labels before translation reruns.
-- Translation memory: `docs/.i18n/zh-CN.tm.jsonl` (generated).
+- Translation memory lives in generated `docs/.i18n/*.tm.jsonl` files in the publish repo.
 - See `docs/.i18n/README.md`.
 - The pipeline can be slow/inefficient; if it’s dragging, ping @jospalmbier on Discord instead of hacking around it.
 
+## Control UI i18n (generated in repo)
+
+- Control UI foreign-language locale bundles are generated in this repo; do not hand-edit `ui/src/i18n/locales/*.ts` for non-English locales or `ui/src/i18n/.i18n/*` unless a targeted generated-output fix is explicitly requested.
+- Source of truth is `ui/src/i18n/locales/en.ts` plus the generator/runtime wiring in `scripts/control-ui-i18n.ts`, `ui/src/i18n/lib/types.ts`, and `ui/src/i18n/lib/registry.ts`.
+- Pipeline: update English control UI strings and locale wiring here → run `pnpm ui:i18n:sync` (or let `Control UI Locale Refresh` do it) → commit the regenerated locale bundles and `.i18n` metadata.
+- If the control UI locale outputs drift, regenerate them; do not manually translate or hand-maintain the generated locale files by default.
+
 ## exe.dev VM ops (general)
 
 - Access: stable path is `ssh exe.dev` then `ssh vm-name` (assume SSH key already set).
@@ -112,7 +132,7 @@
 - Type-check/build: `pnpm build`
 - TypeScript checks: `pnpm tsgo`
 - Lint/format: `pnpm check`
-- Local agent/dev shells default to lower-memory `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK=1` behavior for `pnpm tsgo` and `pnpm lint`; set `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK=0` in CI/shared runs.
+- Local agent/dev shells default to host-aware `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK=1` behavior for `pnpm tsgo` and `pnpm lint`; set `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK_MODE=throttled` to force the lower-memory profile, `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK_MODE=full` to keep lock-only behavior, or `OPENCLAW_LOCAL_CHECK=0` in CI/shared runs.
 - Format check: `pnpm format` (oxfmt --check)
 - Format fix: `pnpm format:fix` (oxfmt --write)
 - Terminology:
@@ -125,10 +145,10 @@
 - Formatting gate: the pre-commit hook runs `pnpm format` before `pnpm check`. If you want a formatting-only preflight locally, run `pnpm format` explicitly.
 - If you need a fast commit loop, `FAST_COMMIT=1 git commit ...` skips the hook’s repo-wide `pnpm format` and `pnpm check`; use that only when you are deliberately covering the touched surface some other way.
 - Tests: `pnpm test` (vitest); coverage: `pnpm test:coverage`
-- Generated baseline artifacts live together under `docs/.generated/`.
+- Generated baseline drift detection uses SHA-256 hash files under `docs/.generated/` (`.sha256` files tracked in git; full JSON baselines are gitignored, generated locally for inspection).
 - Config schema drift uses `pnpm config:docs:gen` / `pnpm config:docs:check`.
 - Plugin SDK API drift uses `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:gen` / `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:check`.
-- If you change config schema/help or the public Plugin SDK surface, update the matching baseline artifact and keep the two drift-check flows adjacent in scripts/workflows/docs guidance rather than inventing a third pattern.
+- If you change config schema/help or the public Plugin SDK surface, run the matching gen command and commit the updated `.sha256` hash file. Keep the two drift-check flows adjacent in scripts/workflows/docs guidance rather than inventing a third pattern.
 - For narrowly scoped changes, prefer narrowly scoped tests that directly validate the touched behavior. If no meaningful scoped test exists, say so explicitly and use the next most direct validation available.
 - Verification modes for work on `main`:
   - Default mode: `main` is relatively stable. Count pre-commit hook coverage when it already verified the current tree, avoid rerunning the exact same checks just for ceremony, and prefer keeping CI/main green before landing.
@@ -140,6 +160,14 @@
 - For narrowly scoped changes, if unrelated failures already exist on latest `origin/main`, state that clearly, report the scoped tests you ran, and ask before broadening scope into unrelated fixes or landing despite those failures.
 - Do not use scoped tests as permission to ignore plausibly related failures.
 
+## Prompt Cache Stability
+
+- Treat prompt-cache stability as correctness/perf-critical, not cosmetic.
+- Any code that assembles model or tool payloads from maps, sets, registries, plugin lists, MCP catalogs, filesystem reads, or network results must make ordering deterministic before building the request.
+- Do not rewrite older transcript/history bytes on every turn unless you intentionally want to invalidate the cached prefix. Legacy cleanup, pruning, normalization, and migration logic should preserve recent prompt bytes when possible.
+- If truncation or compaction is required, prefer mutating newest or tail content first so the cached prefix stays byte-identical for as long as possible.
+- For cache-sensitive changes, require a regression test that proves turn-to-turn prefix stability or deterministic request assembly; helper-local tests alone are not enough.
+
 ## Coding Style & Naming Conventions
 
 - Language: TypeScript (ESM). Prefer strict typing; avoid `any`.
@@ -191,10 +219,10 @@
 - Test performance guardrail: prefer narrow public SDK subpaths such as `models-provider-runtime`, `skill-commands-runtime`, and `reply-dispatch-runtime` over older broad helper barrels when both expose the needed helper.
 - Test performance guardrail: treat import-dominated test time as a boundary bug. Refactor the import surface before adding more cases to the slow file.
 - Agents MUST NOT modify baseline, inventory, ignore, snapshot, or expected-failure files to silence failing checks without explicit approval in this chat.
-- For targeted/local debugging, keep using the wrapper: `pnpm test -- <path-or-filter> [vitest args...]` (for example `pnpm test -- src/commands/onboard-search.test.ts -t "shows registered plugin providers"`); do not default to raw `pnpm vitest run ...` because it bypasses wrapper config/profile/pool routing.
+- For targeted/local debugging, use the native root-project entrypoint: `pnpm test <path-or-filter> [vitest args...]` (for example `pnpm test src/commands/onboard-search.test.ts -t "shows registered plugin providers"`); do not default to raw `pnpm vitest run ...` because it bypasses the repo's default config/profile/pool routing.
 - Do not set test workers above 16; tried already.
-- Keep Vitest on `forks` only. Do not introduce or reintroduce any non-`forks` Vitest pool or alternate execution mode in configs, wrapper scripts, or default test commands without explicit approval in this chat. This includes `threads`, `vmThreads`, `vmForks`, and any future/nonstandard pool variant.
-- If local Vitest runs cause memory pressure, the wrapper now derives budgets from host capabilities (CPU, memory band, current load). For a conservative explicit override during land/gate runs, use `OPENCLAW_TEST_PROFILE=serial OPENCLAW_TEST_SERIAL_GATEWAY=1 pnpm test`.
+- Vitest now defaults to native root-project `threads`, with hard `forks` exceptions for `gateway`, `agents`, and `commands`. Keep new pool changes explicit and justified; use `OPENCLAW_VITEST_POOL=forks` for full local fork debugging.
+- If local Vitest runs cause memory pressure, the default worker budget now derives from host capabilities (CPU, memory band, current load). For a conservative explicit override during land/gate runs, use `OPENCLAW_VITEST_MAX_WORKERS=1 pnpm test`.
 - Live tests (real keys): `OPENCLAW_LIVE_TEST=1 pnpm test:live` (OpenClaw-only) or `LIVE=1 pnpm test:live` (includes provider live tests). Docker: `pnpm test:docker:live-models`, `pnpm test:docker:live-gateway`. Onboarding Docker E2E: `pnpm test:docker:onboard`.
 - `pnpm test:live` defaults quiet now. Keep `[live]` progress; suppress profile/gateway chatter. Full logs: `OPENCLAW_LIVE_TEST_QUIET=0 pnpm test:live`.
 - Full kit + what’s covered: `docs/help/testing.md`.
@@ -252,6 +280,8 @@
 - "Bump version everywhere" means all version locations above **except** `appcast.xml` (only touch appcast when cutting a new macOS Sparkle release).
 - **Restart apps:** “restart iOS/Android apps” means rebuild (recompile/install) and relaunch, not just kill/launch.
 - **Device checks:** before testing, verify connected real devices (iOS/Android) before reaching for simulators/emulators.
+- Mobile pairing: `ws://` (cleartext) is allowed for private LAN addresses (RFC 1918, link-local, mDNS `.local`) and loopback. Private LAN hosts typically lack PKI-backed identity, so requiring TLS there adds complexity without meaningful security gain. `wss://` is required for Tailscale and public endpoints.
+- Security report scope: reports that treat cleartext `ws://` mobile pairing over private LAN as a vulnerability are out of scope unless they demonstrate a trust-boundary bypass beyond passive network observation on the same LAN.
 - iOS Team ID lookup: `security find-identity -p codesigning -v` → use Apple Development (…) TEAMID. Fallback: `defaults read com.apple.dt.Xcode IDEProvisioningTeamIdentifiers`.
 - A2UI bundle hash: `src/canvas-host/a2ui/.bundle.hash` is auto-generated; ignore unexpected changes, and only regenerate via `pnpm canvas:a2ui:bundle` (or `scripts/bundle-a2ui.sh`) when needed. Commit the hash as a separate commit.
 - Release signing/notary credentials are managed outside the repo; maintainers keep that setup in the private [maintainer release docs](https://github.com/openclaw/maintainers/tree/main/release).
@@ -266,7 +296,7 @@
 
 - When working on a GitHub Issue or PR, print the full URL at the end of the task.
 - When answering questions, respond with high-confidence answers only: verify in code; do not guess.
-- Never update the Carbon dependency.
+- Carbon: prefer latest published beta over stable when possible; do not switch to stable casually.
 - Any dependency with `pnpm.patchedDependencies` must use an exact version (no `^`/`~`).
 - Patching dependencies (pnpm patches, overrides, or vendored changes) requires explicit approval; do not do this by default.
 - **Multi-agent safety:** do **not** create/apply/drop `git stash` entries unless explicitly requested (this includes `git pull --rebase --autostash`). Assume other agents may be working; keep unrelated WIP untouched and avoid cross-cutting state changes.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,102 +6,384 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 
 ### Changes
 
-- Channels/context visibility: add configurable `contextVisibility` per channel (`all`, `allowlist`, `allowlist_quote`) so supplemental quote, thread, and fetched history context can be filtered by sender allowlists instead of always passing through as received.
-- Matrix/exec approvals: add Matrix-native exec approval prompts with account-scoped approvers, channel-or-DM delivery, and room-thread aware resolution handling. (#58635) Thanks @gumadeiras.
-- Providers/StepFun: add the bundled StepFun provider plugin with standard and Step Plan endpoints, China/global onboarding choices, `step-3.5-flash` on both catalogs, and `step-3.5-flash-2603` currently exposed on Step Plan. (#60032) Thanks @hengm3467.
-- Providers/config: add full `models.providers.*.request` transport overrides for model-provider paths, including headers, auth, proxy, and TLS, and keep media provider HTTP request transport overrides aligned with the same request-policy surface. (#60200) Thanks @vincentkoc.
-- Control UI/skills: add ClawHub search, detail, and install flows directly in the Skills panel. (#60134) Thanks @samzong.
-- Outbound/runtime seams: split delivery, target-resolution, and session/transcript helper loading into narrower runtime seams so outbound hot paths and their owner tests avoid broader setup fan-out. (#60311) Thanks @shakkernerd.
-- Plugins/browser seams: split browser and WhatsApp plugin-sdk seams into narrower browser, approval-auth, and target-helper facades so hot paths and owner tests avoid broader runtime fan-out. (#60376) Thanks @shakkernerd.
-- Tests/runtime: trim local unit-test import/runtime fan-out across browser, WhatsApp, cron, task, and reply flows so owner suites start faster with lower shared-worker overhead while preserving the same focused behavior coverage. (#60249) Thanks @shakkernerd.
-- Tests/secrets runtime: restore split secrets suite cache and env isolation cleanup so broader runs do not leak stale plugin or provider snapshot state. (#60395) Thanks @shakkernerd.
-- Providers/Ollama: add bundled Ollama Web Search provider for key-free web_search via your configured Ollama host and `ollama signin`. (#59318) Thanks @BruceMacD.
-- Plugins/install: add `openclaw plugins install --force` to overwrite existing plugin and hook-pack install targets without using the dangerous-code override flag. (#60544) Thanks @gumadeiras.
-- Providers/transport: add shared proxy/TLS/auth-aware request transport support across model-provider paths, including Anthropic and Google native transport runtimes, so provider request overrides work beyond OpenAI-family traffic.
+- Providers/Anthropic: restore Claude CLI as the preferred local Anthropic path in onboarding, model-auth guidance, and doctor flows again, and keep the Docker Claude CLI live lane aligned with the restored guidance.
+- Plugins/webhooks: add a bundled webhook ingress plugin so external automation can create and drive bound TaskFlows through per-route shared-secret endpoints. (#61892) Thanks @mbelinky.
+- Tools/media: document per-provider music and video generation capabilities, and add shared live video-to-video sweep coverage for providers that support local reference clips.
 
 ### Fixes
 
-- Skills/uv install: block workspace `.env` from overriding `UV_PYTHON` and strip related interpreter override keys from uv skill-install subprocesses so repository-controlled env files cannot steer the selected Python runtime. (#59178) Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- Telegram/reactions: preserve `reactionNotifications: "own"` across gateway restarts by persisting sent-message ownership state instead of treating cold cache as a permissive fallback. (#59207) Thanks @samzong.
-- Gateway/startup: detect PID recycling in gateway lock files on Windows and macOS, and add startup progress so stale lock conflicts no longer block healthy restarts. (#59843) Thanks @TonyDerek-dot.
-- MS Teams/DM media: download inline images in 1:1 chats via Graph API so Teams DM image attachments stop failing to load. (#52212) Thanks @Ted-developer.
-- MS Teams/threading: preserve channel reply threading in proactive fallback so replies stay in the original thread instead of dropping into the channel root. (#55198) Thanks @hyojin.
-- Telegram/media: preserve `<media:...>` placeholders and `file_id` in captioned messages when Bot API downloads fail, so agents still receive media context. (#59948) Thanks @v1p0r.
-- Telegram/media: keep inbound image attachments readable on upgraded installs where legacy state roots still differ from the managed config-dir media cache. (#59971) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
-- Telegram/local Bot API: thread `channels.telegram.apiRoot` through buffered reply-media and album downloads so self-hosted Bot API file paths stop falling back to `api.telegram.org` and 404ing. (#59544) Thanks @SARAMALI15792.
-- Telegram/replies: preserve explicit topic targets when `replyTo` is present while still inheriting the current topic for same-chat replies without an explicit topic. (#59634) Thanks @dashhuang.
-- Telegram/native commands: clean up metadata-driven progress placeholders when replies fall back, edits fail, or local exec approval prompts are suppressed. (#59300) Thanks @jalehman.
-- Telegram/models: compare full provider/model refs in the Telegram picker so same-id models from other providers no longer show the wrong current-model checkmark. (#60384) Thanks @sfuminya.
-- Media/request overrides: resolve shared and capability-filtered media request SecretRefs correctly and expose media transport override fields to schema-driven config consumers. (#59848) Thanks @vincentkoc.
-- Providers/request overrides: stop advertising unsupported proxy and TLS transport settings on `models.providers.*.request`, and fail closed if unvalidated config tries to route LLM model-provider traffic through dead transport fields. (#59682) Thanks @vincentkoc.
-- Discord/mentions: treat `@everyone` and `@here` as valid mention-gate triggers in guild preflight so mention-required bots still respond to those broadcasts. (#60343) Thanks @geekhuashan.
-- Matrix: allow secret-storage recreation during automatic repair bootstrap so clients that lose their recovery key can recover and persist new cross-signing keys. (#59846) Thanks @al3mart.
-- Matrix/crypto persistence: capture and write the IndexedDB snapshot while holding the snapshot file lock so concurrent gateway and CLI persists cannot overwrite newer crypto state. (#59851) Thanks @al3mart.
-- Ollama/auth: prefer real cloud auth over local marker during model auth resolution so cloud-backed Ollama auth does not get shadowed by stale local-only markers.
-- Plugins/Kimi Coding: parse tagged Kimi tool-call text into structured tool calls on the provider stream path so tools execute instead of echoing raw markup. (#60051) Thanks @obviyus.
-- Channels/passive hooks: emit passive message hooks for mention-skipped Telegram and Signal group messages when `ingest` is enabled, including wildcard/default fallback and per-group override handling. (#60018) Thanks @obviyus.
-- Providers/compat: stop forcing OpenAI-only payload defaults on proxy and custom OpenAI-compatible routes, and preserve native vendor-specific reasoning, tool, and streaming behavior for Anthropic-compatible, Moonshot, Mistral, ModelStudio, OpenRouter, xAI, Z.ai, and other routed provider paths.
-- Plugins/manifest registry: stop warning when an explicit manifest `id` intentionally differs from the discovery hint. (#59185) Thanks @samzong.
-- WhatsApp/streaming: honor `channels.whatsapp.blockStreaming` again for inbound auto-replies so progressive block replies can be enabled explicitly instead of being forced to final-only delivery. Thanks @mcaxtr.
-- Auth/failover: shorten `auth_permanent` lockouts, add dedicated config knobs for permanent-auth backoff, and downgrade ambiguous auth-ish upstream incidents to retryable auth failures so providers recover automatically after transient outages. (#60404) Thanks @extrasmall0.
-- Providers/GitHub Copilot: route Claude models through Anthropic Messages with Copilot-compatible headers and Anthropic prompt-cache markers instead of forcing the OpenAI Responses transport.
-- Plugins/runtime: reuse compatible active registries for `web_search` and `web_fetch` provider snapshot resolution so repeated runtime reads do not re-import the same bundled plugin set on each agent message. Related #48380.
-- Infra/tailscale: ignore `OPENCLAW_TEST_TAILSCALE_BINARY` outside explicit test environments and block it from workspace `.env`, so test-only binary overrides cannot be injected through trusted repository state. (#58468) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Plugins/OpenAI: enable reference-image edits for `gpt-image-1` by routing edit calls to `/images/edits` with multipart image uploads, and update image-generation capability/docs metadata accordingly. Thanks @steipete.
-- Cache/context guard: compact newest tool results first so the cached prompt prefix stays byte-identical and avoids full re-tokenization every turn past the 75% context threshold. (#58036) Thanks @bcherny.
-- Agents/tools: include value-shape hints in missing-parameter tool errors so dropped, empty-string, and wrong-type write payloads are easier to diagnose from logs. (#55317) Thanks @priyansh19.
-- Android/assistant: keep queued App Actions prompts pending when auto-send enqueue is rejected, so transient chat-health drops do not silently lose the assistant request. Thanks @obviyus.
-- Plugins/startup: migrate legacy `tools.web.search.<provider>` config before strict startup validation, and record plugin failure phase/timestamp so degraded plugin startup is easier to diagnose from logs and `plugins list`.
-- Plugins/Google: separate OAuth CSRF state from PKCE code verifier during Gemini browser sign-in so state validation and token exchange use independent values. (#59116) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Agents/subagents: honor `agents.defaults.subagents.allowAgents` for `sessions_spawn` and `agents_list`, so default cross-agent allowlists work without duplicating per-agent config. (#59944) Thanks @hclsys.
-- Agents/tools: normalize only truly empty MCP tool schemas to `{ type: "object", properties: {} }` so OpenAI accepts parameter-free tools without rewriting unrelated conditional schemas. (#60176) Thanks @Bartok9.
-- Update/npm: prefer the npm binary that owns the installed global OpenClaw prefix during package self-update, so mixed Homebrew-plus-nvm setups update the right install. (#60153) Thanks @jayeshp19.
-- Plugins/browser: block SSRF redirect bypass by installing a real-time Playwright route handler before `page.goto()` so navigation to private/internal IPs is intercepted and aborted mid-redirect instead of checked post-hoc. (#58771) Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- Android/gateway: require TLS for non-loopback remote gateway endpoints while still allowing local loopback and emulator cleartext setup flows. (#58475) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Exec/Windows: hide transient console windows for `runExec` and `runCommandWithTimeout` child-process launches, matching other Windows exec paths and stopping visible shell flashes during tool runs. (#59466) Thanks @lawrence3699.
-- Zalo/webhook: scope replay-dedupe cache key to path and account using `JSON.stringify` so multi-account deployments do not silently drop events due to cross-account cache poisoning. (#59387) Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- Exec/Windows: reject malformed drive-less rooted executable paths like `:\Users\...` so approval and allowlist candidate resolution no longer treat them as cwd-relative commands. (#58040) Thanks @SnowSky1.
-- Exec/preflight: fail closed on complex interpreter invocations that would otherwise skip script-content validation, and correctly inspect quoted script paths before host execution. Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- Exec/Windows: include Windows-compatible env override keys like `ProgramFiles(x86)` in system-run approval binding so changed approved values are rejected instead of silently passing unbound. (#59182) Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- ACP/Windows spawn: fail closed on unresolved `.cmd` and `.bat` OpenClaw wrappers unless a caller explicitly opts into shell fallback, so Windows ACP launches do not silently drop into shell-mediated execution when wrapper unwrapping fails. (#58436) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Exec/Windows: prefer strict-inline-eval denial over generic allowlist prompts for interpreter carriers, while keeping persisted Windows allow-always approvals argv-bound. (#59780) Thanks @luoyanglang.
-- Gateway/connect: omit admin-scoped config and auth metadata from lower-privilege `hello-ok` snapshots while preserving those fields for admin reconnects. (#58469) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- iOS/canvas: restrict A2UI bridge trust to the bundled scaffold and exact capability-backed remote canvas URLs, so generic `canvas.navigate` and `canvas.present` loads no longer gain action-dispatch authority. (#58471) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Agents/tool policy: preserve restrictive plugin-only allowlists instead of silently widening access to core tools, and keep allowlist warnings aligned with the enforced policy. (#58476) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Hooks/session_end: preserve deterministic reason metadata for custom reset aliases and overlapping idle-plus-daily rollovers so plugins can rely on lifecycle reason reporting. (#59715) Thanks @jalehman.
-- Tools/image generation: stop inferring unsupported resolution overrides for OpenAI reference-image edits when no explicit `size` or `resolution` is provided, so default edit flows no longer fail before the provider request is sent.
-- Agents/sessions: release embedded runner session locks even when teardown cleanup throws, so timed-out or failed cleanup paths no longer leave sessions wedged until the stale-lock watchdog recovers them. (#59194) Thanks @samzong.
-- Slack/app manifest: add the missing `groups:read` scope to the onboarding and example Slack app manifest so apps copied from the OpenClaw templates can resolve private group conversations reliably.
-- Mobile pairing/Android: stop generating Tailscale and public mobile setup codes that point at unusable cleartext remote gateways, keep private LAN pairing allowed, and make Android reject insecure remote endpoints with clearer guidance while mixed bootstrap approvals honor operator scopes correctly. (#60128) Thanks @obviyus.
-- Telegram/media: add `channels.telegram.network.dangerouslyAllowPrivateNetwork` for trusted fake-IP or transparent-proxy environments where Telegram media downloads resolve `api.telegram.org` to private/internal/special-use addresses.
-- Discord/proxy: keep Carbon REST, monitor startup, and webhook sends on the configured Discord proxy while falling back cleanly when the proxy URL is invalid, so Discord replies and deploys do not hard-fail on malformed proxy config. (#57465) Thanks @geekhuashan.
-- Discord/components: keep modal-trigger and spoiler-file component messages on the component path when sending media, so classic-message fallback does not silently drop component-only behavior. (#60361) Thanks @geekhuashan.
-- Mobile pairing/device approval: mint both node and operator device tokens when one approval grants merged roles, so mixed mobile bootstrap pairings stop reconnecting as operator-only and showing the node offline. (#60208) Thanks @obviyus.
-- Agents/tool policy: stop `tools.profile` warnings from flagging runtime-gated baseline core tools as unknown when the coding profile is missing tools like `code_execution`, `x_search`, `image`, or `image_generate`, while still warning on explicit extra allowlist entries. Thanks @vincentkoc.
-- Sessions/resolution: collapse alias-duplicate session-id matches before scoring, keep distinct structural ties ambiguous, and prefer current-store reuse when resolving equal cross-store duplicates so follow-up turns stop dropping or duplicating sessions on timestamp ties.
-- Mobile pairing/bootstrap: keep setup bootstrap tokens alive through the initial node auto-pair so the same QR bootstrap token can finish operator approval, then revoke it after the full issued profile connects successfully. (#60221) Thanks @obviyus.
-- Plugins/allowlists: let explicit bundled chat channel enablement bypass `plugins.allow`, while keeping auto-enabled channel activation and startup sidecars behind restrictive allowlists. (#60233) Thanks @dorukardahan.
-- Allowlist/commands: require owner access for `/allowlist add` and `/allowlist remove` so command-authorized non-owners cannot mutate persisted allowlists. (#59836) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Control UI/skills: clear stale ClawHub results immediately when the search query changes, so debounced searches cannot keep outdated install targets visible. Related #60134.
-- Fetch/redirects: normalize guarded redirect method rewriting and loop detection so SSRF-guarded requests match platform redirect behavior without missing loops back to the original URL. (#59121) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Discord/ack reactions: keep automatic ACK reaction auth on the active hydrated Discord account so SecretRef-backed and non-default-account reactions stop falling back to stale default config resolution. (#60081) Thanks @FunJim.
-- Telegram/model switching: render non-default `/model` callback confirmations with HTML formatting so Telegram shows the selected model in bold instead of raw `**...**` markers. (#60042) Thanks @GitZhangChi.
-- Plugins/update: allow `openclaw plugins update` to use `--dangerously-force-unsafe-install` for built-in dangerous-code false positives during plugin updates. (#60066) Thanks @huntharo.
-- Gateway/auth: disconnect shared-auth websocket sessions only for effective auth rotations on restart-capable config writes, and keep `config.set` auth edits from dropping still-valid live sessions. (#60387) Thanks @mappel-nv.
-- Control UI/chat: keep the Stop button visible during tool-only execution so abortable runs do not fall back to Send while tools are still running. (#54528) thanks @chziyue.
-- Discord/voice: make READY auto-join fire-and-forget while keeping the shorter initial voice-connect timeout separate from the longer playback-start wait. (#60345) Thanks @geekhuashan.
-- Agents/skills: add inherited `agents.defaults.skills` allowlists, make per-agent `agents.list[].skills` replace defaults instead of merging, and scope embedded, session, sandbox, and cron skill snapshots through the effective runtime agent. (#59992) Thanks @gumadeiras.
-- Matrix/Telegram exec approvals: recover stored same-channel account bindings even when session reply state drifted to another channel, so foreign-channel approvals route to the bound account instead of fanning out or being rejected as ambiguous. (#60417) thanks @gumadeiras.
-- Slack/app manifest: set `bot_user.always_online` to `true` in the onboarding and example Slack app manifest so the Slack app appears ready to respond.
-- Gateway/websocket auth: refresh auth on new websocket connects after secrets reload so rotated gateway tokens take effect immediately without requiring a restart. (#60323) Thanks @mappel-nv.
-- Onboarding/plugins: keep non-interactive auth-choice inference scoped to bundled and already-trusted plugins so untrusted workspace manifests cannot hijack built-in provider API-key flows. (#59120) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
-- Agents/workspace: respect `agents.defaults.workspace` for non-default agents by resolving them under the configured base path instead of falling back to `workspace-<id>`. (#59858) Thanks @joelnishanth.
-- Config/All Settings: keep the raw config view intact when sensitive fields are blank instead of corrupting or dropping the snapshot during redaction. (#28214) thanks @solodmd.
-- Plugins/runtime: honor explicit capability allowlists during fallback speech, media-understanding, and image-generation provider loading so bundled capability plugins do not bypass restrictive `plugins.allow` config. (#52262) Thanks @PerfectPan.
-- Hooks/tool policy: block tool calls when a `before_tool_call` hook crashes so hook failures fail closed instead of silently allowing execution. (#59822) Thanks @pgondhi987.
-- Matrix/media: surface a dedicated `[matrix <kind> attachment too large]` marker for oversized inbound media instead of the generic unavailable marker, and classify size-limit failures with a typed Matrix error. (#60289) Thanks @efe-arv.
-- WhatsApp/watchdog: reset watchdog timeout after reconnect so quiet channels no longer enter a tight reconnect loop from stale message timestamps carried across connection runs. (#60007) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT.
-- Agents/fallback: persist selected fallback overrides before retry attempts start, prefer persisted overrides during live-session reconciliation, and keep provider-scoped auth-profile failover from snapping retries back to stale primary selections.
+- Channels/secrets: keep bundled channel artifact and secret-contract loading stable under lazy loading so bundled channel secrets continue to appear in `openclaw secret`, status, and security-audit surfaces.
+- Providers/xAI: recognize `api.grok.x.ai` as an xAI-native endpoint again so native xAI web-search attribution keeps working on Grok-hosted base URLs. (#61377) Thanks @jjjojoj.
+- Providers/Anthropic/cache: preserve thinking blocks for Claude Opus 4.5+, Sonnet 4.5+, and newer Claude 4-family models so Anthropic prompt-cache prefixes keep matching after thinking turns. (#61793)
+- Providers/Ollama: honor the selected provider's `baseUrl` during streaming so multi-Ollama setups stop routing every stream to the first configured Ollama endpoint. (#61678)
+- Browser/remote CDP: retry the DevTools websocket once after remote browser restarts so healthy remote browser profiles do not fail availability checks during CDP warm-up. (#57397) Thanks @ThanhNguyxn07.
+- Memory/vector recall: surface explicit warnings when `sqlite-vec` is unavailable or vector writes are degraded so memory indexing no longer reports false-success while semantic recall is impaired.
+- MS Teams/security: validate file-consent upload URLs against HTTPS, Microsoft/SharePoint host allowlists, and private-IP DNS checks before uploading attachments, blocking SSRF-style consent-upload abuse. (#23596)
+- Discord/gateway monitor: use `ws://` again for gateway monitor sockets so Discord monitor connections recover reliably after recent gateway socket changes.
+- Control UI/auth URLs: detect mistaken `?token=` links, show the correct `#token=` fragment hint only on real auth failures, and stop masking the real problem behind a generic device-identity error. (#54842)
+- Control UI/chat layout: keep Copy and Canvas actions plus mobile exec-approval overlays from covering chat text or command previews on narrow screens. (#61514)
+- Matrix/formatting: preserve multi-paragraph and loose-list rendering in Element so numbered and bulleted Markdown keeps its content attached to the correct list item. (#60997) Thanks @gucasbrg.
+- Sessions/model selection: resolve the explicitly selected session model separately from runtime fallback resolution so session status and live model switching stay aligned with the chosen model.
+- Secrets/x_search: keep legacy `x_search` auth resolution working so older xAI web-search configs continue to load after the plugin-owned auth move.
+- iOS/Watch exec approvals: keep Apple Watch review and approval recovery working while the iPhone is locked or backgrounded, including background-safe reconnects, persisted pending approvals, notification cleanup, and APNs-backed watch refresh recovery. (#61757) Thanks @ngutman.
+- Discord/forwarding: recover forwarded referenced message text and attachments when Discord omits snapshot payloads, so forwarded-message relays keep the original content. (#61670) Thanks @artwalker.
+- TUI/status: route `/status` through the shared session-status command and move the old gateway-wide diagnostic summary to `/gateway-status` (`/gwstatus`). Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- TUI/history and heartbeat: keep assistant commentary hidden on both streamed and reloaded TUI history views, preserve the phase-sanitized REST history contract, and stop forced heartbeat runs from targeting subagent sessions. (#61463) Thanks @100yenadmin.
+- TUI/command messages: strip inbound envelope metadata before rendering command/system messages so async completion notices stop leaking raw wrappers into the operator terminal. (#59985) Thanks @MoerAI.
+- TUI/terminal: restore Kitty keyboard protocol and `modifyOtherKeys` state on TUI exit and fatal CLI crashes so parent shells stop inheriting broken keyboard input after `openclaw tui` exits. (#49130) Thanks @biefan.
+- Plugins/Windows: load plugin entrypoints through `file://` import specifiers on Windows without breaking plugin SDK alias resolution, fixing `ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ESM_URL_SCHEME` for absolute plugin paths. (#61832) Thanks @Zeesejo.
+- Plugins/Windows: disable native Jiti loading for setup and doctor contract registries on Windows so onboarding and config-doctor plugin probes stop crashing with `ERR_UNSUPPORTED_ESM_URL_SCHEME`. (#61836, #61853)
+- Plugins/install: preserve plugin-schema defaults during fresh-install raw config validation so bundled plugin installs stop failing when required fields rely on schema defaults. (#61856) Thanks @SuperMarioYL.
+- macOS/gateway version: strip trailing commit metadata from CLI version output before semver parsing so the Mac app recognizes installed gateway versions like `OpenClaw 2026.4.2 (d74a122)` again. (#61111) Thanks @oliviareid-svg.
+- Gateway/containers: auto-bind to `0.0.0.0` during container startup for Docker and Podman compatibility, while keeping host-side status and doctor checks on the hardened loopback default when `gateway.bind` is unset. (#61818) Thanks @openperf.
+- Gateway/status: probe local TLS gateways over `wss://`, forward the local cert fingerprint for self-signed loopback probes, and warn when the local TLS runtime cannot load the configured cert. (#61935) Thanks @ThanhNguyxn07.
+- Slack/threading: keep legacy thread stickiness for real replies when older callers omit `isThreadReply`, while still honoring `replyToMode` for Slack's auto-created top-level `thread_ts`. (#61835) Thanks @kaonash.
+- Providers/Google: recognize Gemma model ids in native Google forward-compat resolution, keep the requested provider when cloning fallback templates, and force Gemma reasoning off so Gemma 4 routes stop failing through the Google catalog fallback. (#61507) Thanks @eyjohn.
+- Providers/Anthropic: skip `service_tier` injection for OAuth-authenticated stream wrapper requests so Claude OAuth requests stop failing with HTTP 401. (#60356) thanks @openperf.
+- Providers/OpenAI: keep WebSocket text buffered until a real assistant phase arrives, even when text deltas land before a phaseless `output_item.added` announcement. (#61954) Thanks @100yenadmin.
+- Providers/OpenAI: accept case-insensitive `plugins.entries.openai.config.personality` values, keep unknown overrides on the friendly overlay path, and add `on` as an alias for `friendly`. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Discord/thread titles: stop forcing a hardcoded temperature for generated auto-thread names so Codex-backed thread title generation works on `openai-codex/*` models again. (#59525)
+- Agents/message tool: add a `read` plus `threadId` discoverability hint when the configured channel actions support threaded message reads.
+- Agents/context overflow: combine oversized and aggregate tool-result recovery in one repair pass, and restore a total-context overflow backstop during tool loops so recoverable sessions retry instead of failing early. (#61651) Thanks @Takhoffman.
+- Agents/exec: preserve explicit `host=node` routing under elevated defaults when `tools.exec.host=auto`, and fail loud on invalid elevated cross-host overrides. (#61739) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Agents/heartbeat: stop truncating live session transcripts after no-op heartbeat acks, move heartbeat cleanup to prompt assembly and compaction, and keep post-filter context-engine ingestion aligned with the real session baseline. (#60998) Thanks @nxmxbbd.
+- Gateway/TUI: defer terminal chat finalization for per-attempt lifecycle errors so fallback retries keep streaming before the run is marked failed. (#60043) Thanks @jwchmodx.
+- Gateway/history: seed SSE startup history and raw transcript sequence tracking from one initial transcript snapshot so first history events cannot diverge from subsequent message sequence numbering. (#61855) Thanks @100yenadmin.
+- Agents/history: keep history-based reply reads and subagent completion summaries on `final_answer` text only so internal commentary stops leaking into user-visible follow-up replies. (#61747) Thanks @afurm.
+- Agents/history: suppress commentary-only visible-text leaks in streaming and chat history views, and keep sanitized SSE history sequence numbers monotonic after transcript-only refreshes. (#61829) Thanks @100yenadmin.
+- Agents/history: use one shared assistant-visible sanitizer across embedded delivery and chat-history extraction so leaked `<tool_call>` and `<tool_result>` XML blocks stay hidden from user-facing replies. (#61729) Thanks @openperf.
+- Agents/history: keep truly legacy unsigned replay text unphased when mixed with phased OpenAI WS assistant blocks, while still inheriting message phase for id-only replay signatures. (#61529) Thanks @100yenadmin.
+- Memory/dreaming: strip managed Light Sleep and REM blocks before daily-note ingestion so dreaming summaries stop re-ingesting their own staged output into new candidates. (#61720) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT.
+- Docs/i18n: relocalize final localized-page links after translation so generated locale pages stop keeping stale English-root links when targets appear later in the same run. (#61796) thanks @hxy91819.
+- Docs/i18n: remove the zh-CN homepage redirect override so Mintlify can resolve the localized Chinese homepage without self-redirecting `/zh-CN/index`.
+- Tools/web_fetch and web_search: fix `TypeError: fetch failed` caused by undici 8.0 enabling HTTP/2 by default; pinned SSRF-guard dispatchers now explicitly set `allowH2: false` to restore HTTP/1.1 behavior and keep the custom DNS-pinning lookup compatible. (#61738, #61777) Thanks @zozo123.
+
+## 2026.4.5
+
+### Breaking
+
+- Config: remove legacy public config aliases such as `talk.voiceId` / `talk.apiKey`, `agents.*.sandbox.perSession`, `browser.ssrfPolicy.allowPrivateNetwork`, `hooks.internal.handlers`, and channel/group/room `allow` toggles in favor of the canonical public paths and `enabled`, while keeping load-time compatibility and `openclaw doctor --fix` migration support for existing configs. (#60726) Thanks @vincentkoc.
+
+### Changes
+
+- Agents/video generation: add the built-in `video_generate` tool so agents can create videos through configured providers and return the generated media directly in the reply.
+- Agents/music generation: ignore unsupported optional hints such as `durationSeconds` with a warning instead of hard-failing requests on providers like Google Lyria.
+- Providers/ComfyUI: add a bundled `comfy` workflow media plugin for local ComfyUI and Comfy Cloud workflows, including shared `image_generate`, `video_generate`, and workflow-backed `music_generate` support, with prompt injection, optional reference-image upload, live tests, and output download.
+- Tools/music generation: add the built-in `music_generate` tool with bundled Google (Lyria) and MiniMax providers plus workflow-backed Comfy support, including async task tracking and follow-up delivery of finished audio.
+- Providers: add bundled Qwen, Fireworks AI, and StepFun providers, plus MiniMax TTS, Ollama Web Search, and MiniMax Search integrations for chat, speech, and search workflows. (#60032, #55921, #59318, #54648)
+- Providers/Amazon Bedrock: add bundled Mantle support plus inference-profile discovery and automatic request-region injection so Bedrock-hosted Claude, GPT-OSS, Qwen, Kimi, GLM, and similar routes work with less manual setup. (#61296, #61299) Thanks @wirjo.
+- Control UI/multilingual: add localized control UI support for Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Brazilian Portuguese, German, Spanish, Japanese, Korean, French, Turkish, Indonesian, Polish, and Ukrainian. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Plugins: add plugin-config TUI prompts to guided onboarding/setup flows, and add `openclaw plugins install --force` so existing plugin and hook-pack targets can be replaced without using the dangerous-code override flag. (#60590, #60544)
+- Control UI/skills: add ClawHub search, detail, and install flows directly in the Skills panel. (#60134) Thanks @samzong.
+- iOS/exec approvals: add generic APNs approval notifications that open an in-app exec approval modal, fetch command details only after authenticated operator reconnect, and clear stale notification state when the approval resolves. (#60239) Thanks @ngutman.
+- Matrix/exec approvals: add Matrix-native exec approval prompts with account-scoped approvers, channel-or-DM delivery, and room-thread aware resolution handling. (#58635) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Channels/context visibility: add configurable `contextVisibility` per channel (`all`, `allowlist`, `allowlist_quote`) so supplemental quote, thread, and fetched history context can be filtered by sender allowlists instead of always passing through as received.
+- Providers/request overrides: add shared model and media request transport overrides across OpenAI-, Anthropic-, Google-, and compatible provider paths, including headers, auth, proxy, and TLS controls. (#60200)
+- Providers/OpenAI: add forward-compat `openai-codex/gpt-5.4-mini`, an opt-in GPT personality, and provider-owned GPT-5 prompt contributions so Codex/GPT runs stay cache-stable and compatible with bundled catalog lag.
+- Agents/Claude CLI: expose OpenClaw tools to background Claude CLI runs through a loopback MCP bridge and switch bundled runs to stdin + `stream-json` partial-message streaming so prompts stop riding argv, long replies show live progress, and final session/usage metadata still land cleanly. (#35676) Thanks @mylukin.
+- ACPX/runtime: embed the ACP runtime directly in the bundled `acpx` plugin, remove the extra external ACP CLI hop, harden live ACP session binding and reuse, and add a generic `reply_dispatch` hook so bundled plugins like ACPX can own reply interception without hardcoded ACP paths in core auto-reply routing. (#61319)
+- Agents/progress: add experimental structured plan updates and structured execution item events so compatible UIs can show clearer step-by-step progress during long-running runs.
+- Providers/Anthropic: remove the Claude CLI backend and setup-token from new onboarding, keep existing configured legacy profiles runnable, and have `openclaw doctor` repair or remove stale `anthropic:claude-cli` state during migration.
+- Tools/video generation: add bundled xAI (`grok-imagine-video`), Alibaba Model Studio Wan, and Runway video providers, plus live-test/default model wiring for all three.
+- Memory/search: add Amazon Bedrock embeddings for Titan, Cohere, Nova, and TwelveLabs models, with AWS credential-chain auto-detection for `provider: "auto"` and provider-specific dimension controls. Thanks @wirjo.
+- Providers/Amazon Bedrock Mantle: generate bearer tokens from the AWS credential chain so Mantle auto-discovery can use IAM auth without manually exporting `AWS_BEARER_TOKEN_BEDROCK`. Thanks @wirjo.
+- Memory/dreaming (experimental): add weighted short-term recall promotion, a `/dreaming` command, Dreams UI, multilingual conceptual tagging, and doctor/status repair support, while refactoring dreaming from competing modes into three cooperative phases (light, deep, REM) with independent schedules and recovery behavior so durable memory promotion can run in the background with less manual setup. (#60569, #60697) Thanks @vignesh07.
+- Memory/dreaming: add configurable aging controls (`recencyHalfLifeDays`, `maxAgeDays`) plus optional verbose logging so operators can tune recall decay and inspect promotion decisions more easily.
+- Memory/dreaming: add REM preview tooling (`openclaw memory rem-harness`, `promote-explain`), surface possible lasting truths during REM staging, and make deep promotion replay-safe so reruns reconcile instead of duplicating `MEMORY.md` entries.
+- Memory/dreaming: write dreaming trail content to top-level `dreams.md` instead of daily memory notes, update `/dreaming` help text to point there, and keep `dreams.md` available for explicit reads without pulling it into default recall. Thanks @davemorin.
+- Memory/dreaming: add the Dream Diary surface in Dreams, simplify user-facing dreaming config to `enabled` plus optional `frequency`, treat phases as implementation detail in docs/UI, and keep the lobster animation visible above diary content. Thanks @vignesh07.
+- Prompt caching: keep prompt prefixes more reusable across transport fallback, deterministic MCP tool ordering, compaction, embedded image history, normalized system-prompt fingerprints, `openclaw status --verbose` cache diagnostics, and the removal of duplicate in-band tool inventories from agent system prompts so follow-up turns hit cache more reliably. (#58036, #58037, #58038, #59054, #60603, #60691) Thanks @bcherny and @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/cache: diagnostics: add prompt-cache break diagnostics, trace live cache scenarios through embedded runner paths, and show cache reuse explicitly in `openclaw status --verbose`. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/cache: stabilize cache-relevant system prompt fingerprints by normalizing equivalent structured prompt whitespace, line endings, hook-added system context, and runtime capability ordering so semantically unchanged prompts reuse KV/cache more reliably. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/tool prompts: remove the duplicate in-band tool inventory from agent system prompts so tool-calling models rely on the structured tool definitions as the single source of truth, improving prompt stability and reducing stale tool guidance.
+- Config/schema: enrich the exported `openclaw config schema` JSON Schema with field titles and descriptions so editors, agents, and other schema consumers receive the same config help metadata. (#60067) Thanks @solavrc.
+- Matrix/exec approvals: clarify unavailable-approval replies so Matrix no longer claims chat approvals are unsupported when native exec approvals are merely unconfigured. (#61424) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Providers/OpenAI Codex: add forward-compat `openai-codex/gpt-5.4-mini` synthesis across provider runtime, model catalog, and model listing so Codex mini works before bundled Pi catalog updates land.
+- Providers/OpenAI: add an opt-in GPT personality and move GPT-5 prompt tuning onto provider-owned system-prompt contributions so cache-stable guidance stays above the prompt cache boundary and embedded runner paths reuse the same provider-specific prompt behavior.
+- Docs/IRC: replace public IRC hostname examples with `irc.example.com` and recommend private servers for bot coordination while listing common public networks for intentional use.
+- Memory/dreaming: group nearby daily-note lines into short coherent chunks before staging them for dreaming, so one-off context from recent notes reaches REM/deep with better evidence and less line-level noise.
+- Memory/dreaming: drop generic date/day headings from daily-note chunk prefixes while keeping meaningful section labels, so staged snippets stay cleaner and more reusable. (#61597) Thanks @mbelinky.
+- Plugins/Lobster: run bundled Lobster workflows in process instead of spawning the external CLI, reducing transport overhead and unblocking native runtime integration. (#61523) Thanks @mbelinky.
+- Plugins/Lobster: harden managed resume validation so invalid TaskFlow resume calls fail earlier, and memoize embedded runtime loading per runner while keeping failed loads retryable. (#61566) Thanks @mbelinky.
+- Agents/bootstrap: add opt-in `agents.defaults.contextInjection: "continuation-skip"` so safe continuation turns can skip workspace bootstrap re-injection, while heartbeat runs and post-compaction retries still rebuild context when needed. Fixes #9157. Thanks @cgdusek.
+
+### Fixes
+
+- Control UI/chat: show `/tts` and other local audio-only slash replies in webchat by embedding local audio in the assistant message and rendering `<audio>` controls instead of dropping empty-text finals. Fixes #61564. (#61598) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Security: preserve restrictive plugin-only tool allowlists, require owner access for `/allowlist add` and `/allowlist remove`, fail closed when `before_tool_call` hooks crash, block browser SSRF redirect bypasses earlier, and keep non-interactive auth-choice inference scoped to bundled and already-trusted plugins. (#58476, #59836, #59822, #58771, #59120) Thanks @eleqtrizit and @pgondhi987.
+- Providers/OpenAI: make GPT-5 and Codex runs act sooner with lower-verbosity defaults, visible progress during tool work, and a one-shot retry when a turn only narrates the plan instead of taking action.
+- Providers/OpenAI and reply delivery: preserve native `reasoning.effort: "none"` and strict schemas where supported, add GPT-5.4 assistant `phase` metadata across replay and the Gateway `/v1/responses` layer, and keep commentary buffered until `final_answer` so web chat, session previews, embedded replies, and Telegram partials stop leaking planning text. Fixes #59150, #59643, #61282.
+- Telegram: fix current-model checks in the model picker, HTML-format non-default `/model` confirmations, explicit topic replies, persisted reaction ownership across restarts, caption-media placeholder and `file_id` preservation on download failure, and upgraded-install inbound image reads. (#60384, #60042, #59634, #59207, #59948, #59971) Thanks @sfuminya, @GitZhangChi, @dashhuang, @samzong, @v1p0r, and @neeravmakwana.
+- Telegram: restore DM voice-note preflight transcription so direct-message audio stops arriving as raw `<media:audio>` placeholders. (#61008) Thanks @manueltarouca.
+- Telegram/reasoning: only create a Telegram reasoning preview lane when the session is explicitly `reasoning:stream`, so hidden `<think>` traces from streamed replies stop surfacing as chat previews on normal sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Telegram/native command menu: trim long menu descriptions before dropping commands so sub-100 command sets can still fit Telegram's payload budget and keep more `/` entries visible. (#61129) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Telegram/startup: bound `deleteWebhook`, `getMe`, and `setWebhook` startup requests while keeping the longer `getUpdates` poll timeout, so wedged Telegram control-plane calls stop hanging startup indefinitely. (#61601) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Agents/failover: classify Anthropic "extra usage" exhaustion as billing so same-turn model fallback still triggers when Claude blocks long-context requests on usage limits. (#61608) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Discord: keep REST, webhook, and monitor traffic on the configured proxy, preserve component-only media sends, honor `@everyone` and `@here` mention gates, keep ACK reactions on the active account, and split voice connect/playback timeouts so auto-join is more reliable. (#57465, #60361, #60345) Thanks @geekhuashan.
+- Discord/reply tags: strip leaked `[[reply_to_current]]` control tags from preview text and honor explicit reply-tag threading during final delivery, so Discord replies stay attached to the triggering message instead of printing reply metadata into chat.
+- Discord/replies: replace the unshipped `replyToOnlyWhenBatched` flag with `replyToMode: "batched"` so native reply references only attach on debounced multi-message turns while explicit reply tags still work.
+- Discord/image generation: include the real generated `MEDIA:` paths in tool output, avoid duplicate plain-output media requeueing, and persist volatile workspace-generated media into durable outbound media before final reply delivery so generated image replies stop pointing at missing local files.
+- Slack: route live DM replies back to the concrete inbound DM channel while keeping persisted routing metadata user-scoped, so normal assistant replies stop disappearing when pairing and system messages still arrive. (#59030) Thanks @afurm.
+- WhatsApp: restore `channels.whatsapp.blockStreaming` and reset watchdog timeouts after reconnect so quiet chats stop falling into reconnect loops. (#60007, #60069) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT and @mcaxtr.
+- Android/Talk Mode: cancel in-flight `talk.speak` playback when speech is explicitly stopped, and restore spoken replies on both node-scoped and gateway-backed sessions by keeping reply routing and embedded transport overrides aligned with the current playback path. (#60306, #61164, #61214)
+- Voice-call/OpenAI: pass full plugin config into realtime transcription provider resolution so streaming calls can discover the bundled OpenAI realtime transcription provider again. Fixes #60936. Thanks @sliekens and @vincentkoc.
+- Matrix/exec approvals: anchor seeded approval reactions to the primary Matrix prompt event, resolve them from event metadata instead of prompt text, and clean up chunked approval prompts correctly. (#60931) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Matrix: recover more reliably when secret storage or recovery keys are missing by recreating secret storage during repair and backup reset, hold crypto snapshot locks during persistence, and surface explicit too-large attachment markers. (#59846, #59851, #60599, #60289) Thanks @al3mart, @emonty, and @efe-arv.
+- Matrix/DM sessions: add `channels.matrix.dm.sessionScope`, shared-session collision notices, and aligned outbound session reuse so separate Matrix DM rooms can keep distinct context when configured. (#61373) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Matrix: move legacy top-level `avatarUrl` into the default account during multi-account promotion and keep env-backed account setup avatar config persisted. (#61437) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- MS Teams: download inline DM images via Graph API and preserve channel reply threading in proactive fallback. (#52212, #55198) Thanks @Ted-developer and @hyojin.
+- MS Teams: replace the deprecated Teams SDK HttpPlugin stub with `httpServerAdapter` so recurring gateway deprecation warnings stop firing and the Express 5 compatibility workaround stays on the supported SDK path. (#60939) Thanks @coolramukaka-sys.
+- Control UI/chat: add a per-session thinking-level picker in the chat header and mobile chat settings, and keep the browser bundle on UI-local thinking/session-key helpers so Safari no longer crashes on Node-only imports before rendering chat controls.
+- Sandbox/SSH: reject hardlinked files during cross-device rename fallback so EXDEV file copies preserve the same pinned file-boundary checks as direct reads.
+- Control UI: keep Stop visible during tool-only execution, preserve pending-send busy state, and clear stale ClawHub search results as soon as the query changes. (#54528, #59800, #60267) Thanks @chziyue and @frankekn.
+- Control UI/avatar: honor `ui.assistant.avatar` when serving `/avatar/:agentId` so Appearance UI avatar paths stop falling back to initials placeholders. (#60778) Thanks @hannasdev.
+- Control UI/cron: highlight the Cron refresh button while refresh is in flight so the page's loading state stays visible even when prior data remains on screen. (#60394) Thanks @coder-zhuzm.
+- Control UI/Overview: prevent gateway access token/password visibility toggle buttons from overlapping their inputs at narrow widths. (#56924) Thanks @bbddbb1.
+- Auto-reply: unify reply lifecycle ownership across preflight compaction, session rotation, CLI-backed runs, and gateway restart handling so `/stop` and same-session overlap checks target the right active turn and restart-interrupted turns return the restart notice instead of being silently dropped. (#61267) Thanks @dutifulbob.
+- Reply delivery: prevent duplicate block replies on `text_end` channels so providers that emit explicit text-end boundaries no longer double-send the same final message. (#61530)
+- Gateway/startup: default `gateway.mode` to `local` when unset, detect PID recycling in gateway lock files on Windows and macOS, and show startup progress so healthy restarts stop getting blocked by stale locks. (#54801, #60085, #59843) Thanks @BradGroux and @TonyDerek-dot.
+- Gateway/macOS: let launchd `KeepAlive` own in-process gateway restarts again, adding a short supervised-exit delay so rapid restarts avoid launchd crash-loop unloads while `openclaw gateway restart` still reports real LaunchAgent errors synchronously.
+- Gateway/macOS: re-bootstrap the LaunchAgent if `launchctl kickstart -k` unloads it during restart so failed restarts do not leave the gateway unmanaged until manual repair.
+- Gateway/macOS: recover installed-but-unloaded LaunchAgents during `openclaw gateway start` and `restart`, while still preferring live unmanaged gateways during restart recovery. (#43766) Thanks @HenryC-3.
+- Gateway/Windows scheduled tasks: preserve Task Scheduler settings on reinstall, fail loudly when `/Run` does not start, and report fast failed restarts accurately instead of pretending they timed out after 60 seconds. (#59335) Thanks @tmimmanuel.
+- Windows/restart: fall back to the installed Startup-entry launcher when the scheduled task was never registered, so `/restart` can relaunch the gateway on Windows setups where `schtasks` install fell back during onboarding. (#58943) Thanks @imechZhangLY.
+- Windows/restart: clean up stale gateway listeners before Windows self-restart and treat listener and argv probe failures as inconclusive, so scheduled-task relaunch no longer falls into an `EADDRINUSE` retry loop. (#60480) Thanks @arifahmedjoy.
+- Update/npm: prefer the npm binary that owns the installed global OpenClaw prefix so mixed Homebrew-plus-nvm setups update the right install. (#60153) Thanks @jayeshp19.
+- Agents/music and video generation: add `tools.media.asyncCompletion.directSend` as an opt-in direct-delivery path for finished async media tasks, while keeping the legacy requester-session wake/model-delivery flow as the default.
+- CLI/skills JSON: route `skills list --json`, `skills info --json`, and `skills check --json` output to stdout instead of stderr so machine-readable consumers receive JSON on the expected stream again. (#60914; fixes #57599; landed from contributor PR #57611 by @Aftabbs) Thanks @Aftabbs.
+- CLI/Commander: preserve Commander-computed exit codes for argument and help-error paths, and cover the user-argv parse mode in the regression tests so invalid CLI invocations no longer report success when exits are intercepted. (#60923) Thanks @Linux2010.
+- Cron: replay interrupted recurring jobs on the first gateway restart instead of waiting for a second restart. (#60583) Thanks @joelnishanth.
+- Cron: send failure notifications through the job's primary delivery channel using the same session context as successful delivery when no explicit `failureDestination` is configured. (#60622) Thanks @artwalker.
+- Exec/remote skills: stop advertising `exec host=node` when the current exec policy cannot route to a node, and clarify blocked exec-host override errors with both the requested host and allowed config path.
+- Agents/Claude CLI/security: clear inherited Claude Code config-root and plugin-root env overrides like `CLAUDE_CONFIG_DIR` and `CLAUDE_CODE_PLUGIN_*`, so OpenClaw-launched Claude CLI runs cannot be silently pointed at an alternate Claude config/plugin tree with different hooks, plugins, or auth context. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/Claude CLI/security: clear inherited Claude Code provider-routing and managed-auth env overrides, and mark OpenClaw-launched Claude CLI runs as host-managed, so Claude CLI backdoor sessions cannot be silently redirected to proxy, Bedrock, Vertex, Foundry, or parent-managed token contexts. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/Claude CLI/security: force host-managed Claude CLI backdoor runs to `--setting-sources user`, even under custom backend arg overrides, so repo-local `.claude` project/local settings, hooks, and plugin discovery do not silently execute inside non-interactive OpenClaw sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/Claude CLI: treat malformed bare `--permission-mode` backend overrides as missing and fail safe back to `bypassPermissions`, so custom `cliBackends.claude-cli.args` security config cannot accidentally consume the next flag as a bogus permission mode. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Gateway/device pairing: require non-admin paired-device sessions to manage only their own device for token rotate/revoke and paired-device removal, blocking cross-device token theft inside pairing-scoped sessions. (#50627) Thanks @coygeek.
+- Gateway/plugin routes: keep gateway-auth plugin runtime routes on write-only fallback scopes unless a trusted-proxy caller explicitly declares narrower `x-openclaw-scopes`, so plugin HTTP handlers no longer mint admin-level runtime scopes on missing or untrusted HTTP scope headers. (#59815) Thanks @pgondhi987.
+- Build/types: fix the Node `createRequire(...)` helper typing so provider-runtime lazy loads compile cleanly again and `pnpm build` no longer fails in the Pi embedded provider error-pattern path.
+- Gateway/security: scope loopback browser-origin auth throttling by normalized origin so one localhost Control UI tab cannot lock out a different localhost browser origin after repeated auth failures.
+- Gateway/auth: serialize async shared-secret auth attempts per client so concurrent Tailscale-capable failures cannot overrun the intended auth rate-limit budget. Thanks @Telecaster2147.
+- Device pairing/security: keep non-operator device scope checks bound to the requested role prefix so bootstrap verification cannot redeem `operator.*` scopes through `node` auth. (#57258) Thanks @jlapenna.
+- Device pairing: reject rotating device tokens into roles that were never approved during pairing, and keep reconnect role checks bounded to the paired device's approved role set. (#60462) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Gateway/device auth: reuse cached device-token scopes only for cached-token reconnects, while keeping explicit `deviceToken` scope requests and empty-cache fallbacks intact so reconnects preserve `operator.read` without breaking explicit auth flows. (#46032) Thanks @caicongyang.
+- Mobile pairing/security: fail closed for internal `/pair` setup-code issuance, cleanup, and approval paths when gateway pairing scopes are missing, and keep approval-time requested-scope enforcement on the internal command path. (#55996) Thanks @coygeek.
+- Mobile pairing/bootstrap: keep QR bootstrap handoff tokens bounded to the mobile-safe contract so node handoff stays unscoped and operator handoff drops mixed `node.*`, `operator.admin`, and `operator.pairing` scopes.
+- Mobile pairing/Android: tighten secure endpoint handling so Tailscale and public remote setup reject cleartext endpoints, private LAN pairing still works, merged-role approvals mint both node and operator device tokens, and bootstrap tokens survive node auto-pair until operator approval finishes. (#60128, #60208, #60221) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Android/canvas security: require exact normalized A2UI URL matches before forwarding canvas bridge actions, rejecting query mismatches and descendant paths while still allowing fragment-only A2UI navigation.
+- Synology Chat/security: default low-level HTTPS helper TLS verification to on so helper/API defaults match the shipped safe account default, and only explicit `allowInsecureSsl: true` opts out.
+- Synology Chat/security: route webhook token comparison through the shared constant-time secret helper for consistency with other bundled plugins.
+- Plugins/marketplace: block remote marketplace symlink escapes without breaking ordinary local marketplace install paths. (#60556) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Telegram/local Bot API: honor `channels.telegram.apiRoot` for buffered media downloads, add `channels.telegram.network.dangerouslyAllowPrivateNetwork` for trusted fake-IP setups, and require `channels.telegram.trustedLocalFileRoots` before reading absolute Bot API `file_path` values. (#59544, #60705) Thanks @SARAMALI15792 and @obviyus.
+- Outbound/sanitizer: strip leaked `<tool_call>`, `<function_calls>`, and model special tokens from shared user-visible assistant text, including truncated tool-call streams, so internal scaffolding no longer bleeds into replies across surfaces. (#60619) Thanks @oliviareid-svg.
+- Agents/errors: surface an explicit disk-full message when local session or transcript writes fail with `ENOSPC`/`disk full`, so those runs stop degrading into opaque `NO_REPLY`-style failures. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Exec approvals: remove heuristic command-obfuscation gating from host exec so gateway and node runs rely on explicit policy, allowlist, and strict inline-eval rules only.
+- Agents/tool results: cap live tool-result persistence and overflow-recovery truncation at 40k characters so oversized tool output stays bounded without discarding recent context entirely.
+- Discord/video replies: split text-plus-video deliveries into a text reply followed by a media-only send, and let live provider auth checks honor manifest-declared API key env vars like `MODELSTUDIO_API_KEY`.
+- Config/All Settings: keep the raw config view intact when sensitive fields are blank instead of corrupting or dropping the rendered snapshot. (#28214) Thanks @solodmd.
+- Plugin SDK/facades: back-fill bundled plugin facade sentinels before plugin-id tracking re-enters config loading, so CLI/provider startup no longer crashes with `shouldNormalizeGoogleProviderConfig is not a function` or other empty-facade reads during bundled plugin re-entry. Thanks @adam91holt.
+- Plugins/facades: back-fill facade sentinels before tracked-plugin resolution re-enters config loading, so facade exports stay defined during circular provider normalization. (#61180) Thanks @adam91holt.
+- QA lab: restore typed mock OpenAI gateway config wiring so QA-lab config helpers compile cleanly again and `pnpm check` / `pnpm build` stay green.
+- Discord/image generation: include the real generated `MEDIA:` paths in tool output and avoid duplicate plain-output media requeueing so Discord image replies stop pointing at missing local files.
+- Slack: route live DM replies back to the concrete inbound DM channel while keeping persisted routing metadata user-scoped, so normal assistant replies stop disappearing when pairing and system messages still arrive. (#59030) Thanks @afurm.
+- Discord/reply tags: strip leaked `[[reply_to_current]]` control tags from preview text and honor explicit reply-tag threading during final delivery, so Discord replies stay attached to the triggering message instead of printing reply metadata into chat.
+- Telegram: fix current-model checks in the model picker, HTML-format non-default `/model` confirmations, explicit topic replies, persisted reaction ownership across restarts, caption-media placeholder and `file_id` preservation on download failure, and upgraded-install inbound image reads. (#60384, #60042, #59634, #59207, #59948, #59971) Thanks @sfuminya, @GitZhangChi, @dashhuang, @samzong, @v1p0r, and @neeravmakwana.
+- Telegram: restore DM voice-note preflight transcription so direct-message audio stops arriving as raw `<media:audio>` placeholders. (#61008) Thanks @manueltarouca.
+- Telegram/reasoning: only create a Telegram reasoning preview lane when the session is explicitly `reasoning:stream`, so hidden `<think>` traces from streamed replies stop surfacing as chat previews on normal sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Telegram/native command menu: trim long menu descriptions before dropping commands so sub-100 command sets can still fit Telegram's payload budget and keep more `/` entries visible. (#61129) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Feishu/reasoning: only expose streamed reasoning previews when the session is explicitly `reasoning:stream`, so hidden reasoning traces do not surface on normal streaming sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Discord: keep REST, webhook, and monitor traffic on the configured proxy, preserve component-only media sends, honor `@everyone` and `@here` mention gates, keep ACK reactions on the active account, and split voice connect/playback timeouts so auto-join is more reliable. (#57465, #60361, #60345) Thanks @geekhuashan.
+- WhatsApp: restore `channels.whatsapp.blockStreaming` and reset watchdog timeouts after reconnect so quiet chats stop falling into reconnect loops. (#60007, #60069) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT and @mcaxtr.
+- Memory: keep `memory-core` builtin embedding registration on the already-registered path so selecting `memory-core` no longer recurses through plugin discovery and crashes during startup. (#61402) Thanks @ngutman.
+- Agents/tool results: keep large `read` outputs visible longer, preserve the latest `read` output when older tool output can absorb the overflow budget, and fall back to Pi's normal overflow compaction/retry path before replacing a fresh `read` with a compacted stub. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: prefer modern `qmd collection add --glob`, accept newer single-line JSON hit metadata while keeping legacy line fields, refresh QMD docs/doctor install guidance and model-override guidance, and keep older QMD releases working. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- MS Teams: download inline DM images via Graph API and preserve channel reply threading in proactive fallback. (#52212, #55198) Thanks @Ted-developer and @hyojin.
+- MS Teams: replace the deprecated Teams SDK HttpPlugin stub with `httpServerAdapter` so recurring gateway deprecation warnings stop firing and the Express 5 compatibility workaround stays on the supported SDK path. (#60939) Thanks @coolramukaka-sys.
+- Matrix/exec approvals: anchor seeded approval reactions to the primary Matrix prompt event, resolve them from event metadata instead of prompt text, and clean up chunked approval prompts correctly. (#60931) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Matrix: recover more reliably when secret storage or recovery keys are missing by recreating secret storage during repair and backup reset, hold crypto snapshot locks during persistence, and surface explicit too-large attachment markers. (#59846, #59851, #60599, #60289) Thanks @al3mart, @emonty, and @efe-arv.
+- Android/Talk Mode: cancel in-flight `talk.speak` playback when speech is explicitly stopped, so stale replies stop starting after barge-in or manual stop. (#61164) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Android/Talk Mode: restore spoken assistant replies on node-scoped sessions by keeping reply routing synced to the resolved node session key and pausing mic capture during reply playback. (#60306) Thanks @MKV21.
+- Android/Talk Mode: restore voice replies on gateway-backed talk mode sessions by updating embedded runner transport overrides to the current agent transport API. (#61214) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Voice-call/OpenAI: pass full plugin config into realtime transcription provider resolution so streaming calls can discover the bundled OpenAI realtime transcription provider again. Fixes #60936. Thanks @sliekens and @vincentkoc.
+- Control UI/chat: add a per-session thinking-level picker in the chat header and mobile chat settings, and keep the browser bundle on UI-local thinking/session-key helpers so Safari no longer crashes on Node-only imports before rendering chat controls.
+- Control UI: keep Stop visible during tool-only execution, preserve pending-send busy state, and clear stale ClawHub search results as soon as the query changes. (#54528, #59800, #60267) Thanks @chziyue and @frankekn.
+- Control UI/avatar: honor `ui.assistant.avatar` when serving `/avatar/:agentId` so Appearance UI avatar paths stop falling back to initials placeholders. (#60778) Thanks @hannasdev.
+- Control UI/cron: highlight the Cron refresh button while refresh is in flight so the page's loading state stays visible even when prior data remains on screen. (#60394) Thanks @coder-zhuzm.
+- Control UI/Overview: prevent gateway access token/password visibility toggle buttons from overlapping their inputs at narrow widths. (#56924) Thanks @bbddbb1.
+- CLI/skills JSON: route `skills list --json`, `skills info --json`, and `skills check --json` output to stdout instead of stderr so machine-readable consumers receive JSON on the expected stream again. (#60914; fixes #57599; landed from contributor PR #57611 by @Aftabbs) Thanks @Aftabbs.
+- CLI/Commander: preserve Commander-computed exit codes for argument and help-error paths, and cover the user-argv parse mode in the regression tests so invalid CLI invocations no longer report success when exits are intercepted. (#60923) Thanks @Linux2010.
+- Cron: replay interrupted recurring jobs on the first gateway restart instead of waiting for a second restart. (#60583) Thanks @joelnishanth.
+- Cron: send failure notifications through the job's primary delivery channel using the same session context as successful delivery when no explicit `failureDestination` is configured. (#60622) Thanks @artwalker.
+- Live model switching: only treat explicit user-driven model changes as pending live switches, so fallback rotation, heartbeat overrides, and compaction no longer trip `LiveSessionModelSwitchError` before making an API call. (#60266) Thanks @kiranvk-2011.
+- Exec approvals: reuse durable exact-command `allow-always` approvals in allowlist mode so identical reruns stop prompting, and tighten Windows interpreter/path approval handling so wrapper and malformed-path cases fail closed more consistently. (#59880, #59780, #58040, #59182) Thanks @luoyanglang, @SnowSky1, and @pgondhi987.
+- Node exec approvals: keep node-host `system.run` approvals bound to the prepared execution plan across async forwarding, so mutable script operands still get approval-time binding and drift revalidation instead of dropping back to unbound execution.
+- Agents/exec approvals: let `exec-approvals.json` agent security override stricter gateway tool defaults so approved subagents can use `security: “full”` without falling back to allowlist enforcement again. (#60310) Thanks @lml2468.
+- Agents/exec: restore `host=node` routing for node-pinned and `host=auto` sessions, while still blocking sandboxed `auto` sessions from jumping to gateway. (#60788) Thanks @openperf.
+- Exec/heartbeat: use the canonical `exec-event` wake reason for `notifyOnExit` so background exec completions still trigger follow-up turns when `HEARTBEAT.md` is empty or comments-only. (#41479) Thanks @rstar327.
+- Heartbeat: skip wake delivery when the target session lane is already busy so the pending event is retried instead of getting drained too early. (#40526) Thanks @lucky7323.
+- Group chats/agent prompts: tell models to minimize empty lines and use normal chat-style spacing so group replies avoid document-style blank-line formatting.
+- Providers/OpenAI GPT: treat short approval turns like `ok do it` and `go ahead` as immediate action turns, and trim overly memo-like GPT-5 chat confirmations so OpenAI replies stay shorter and more conversational by default.
+- Providers/OpenAI Codex: split native `contextWindow` from runtime `contextTokens`, keep the default effective cap at `272000`, and expose a per-model `contextTokens` override on `models.providers.*.models[]`.
+- Providers/OpenAI-compatible WS: compute fallback token totals from normalized usage when providers omit or zero `total_tokens`, so DashScope-compatible sessions stop storing zero totals after alias normalization. (#54940) Thanks @lyfuci.
+- Agents/OpenAI: mark Claude-compatible file tool schemas as `additionalProperties: false` so direct OpenAI GPT-5 routes stop rejecting the `read` tool with invalid strict-schema errors.
+- Agents/OpenAI: fall back to `strict: false` for native OpenAI tool calls when a tool schema is not strict-compatible, and normalize empty-object tool schemas to include `required: []`, so direct GPT-5 routes stop failing with invalid strict-schema errors like missing `path` in `required`.
+- Agents/GPT: add explicit work-item lifecycle events for embedded runs, use them to surface real progress more reliably, and stop counting tool-started turns as planning-only retries.
+- Plugins/OpenAI: enable `gpt-image-1` reference-image edits through `/images/edits` multipart uploads, and stop inferring unsupported resolution overrides when no explicit `size` or `resolution` is provided.
+- Agents/replay: remove the malformed assistant-content canonicalization repair from replay history sanitization instead of extending that legacy repair path into replay validation.
+- Plugins/OpenAI: tune the OpenAI prompt overlay for live-chat cadence so GPT replies stay shorter, more human, and less wall-of-text by default.
+- Providers/compat: stop forcing OpenAI-only defaults on proxy and custom OpenAI-compatible routes, preserve native vendor-specific reasoning/tool/streaming behavior across Anthropic-compatible, Moonshot, Mistral, ModelStudio, OpenRouter, xAI, and Z.ai endpoints, and route GitHub Copilot Claude models through Anthropic Messages instead of OpenAI Responses.
+- Providers/GitHub Copilot: send IDE identity headers on runtime model requests and GitHub token exchange so IDE-authenticated Copilot runs stop failing with missing `Editor-Version`. (#60641) Thanks @VACInc and @vincentkoc.
+- Providers/OpenRouter failover: classify `403 “Key limit exceeded”` spending-limit responses as billing so model fallback continues instead of stopping on generic auth. (#59892) Thanks @rockcent.
+- Providers/Anthropic: keep `claude-cli/*` auth on live Claude CLI credentials at runtime, avoid persisting stale bearer-token profiles, and suppress macOS Keychain prompts during non-interactive Claude CLI setup. (#61234) Thanks @darkamenosa.
+- Providers/Anthropic: when Claude CLI auth becomes the default, write a real `claude-cli` auth profile so local and gateway agent runs can use Claude CLI immediately without missing-API-key failures. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Providers/Anthropic Vertex: honor `cacheRetention: “long”` with the real 1-hour prompt-cache TTL on Vertex AI endpoints, and default `anthropic-vertex` cache retention like direct Anthropic. (#60888) Thanks @affsantos.
+- Agents/Anthropic: preserve native `toolu_*` replay ids on direct Anthropic and Anthropic Vertex paths so cache-sensitive history stops rewriting known-valid Anthropic tool-use ids. (#52612)
+- Providers/Google: add model-level `cacheRetention` support for direct Gemini system prompts by creating, reusing, and refreshing `cachedContents` automatically on Google AI Studio runs. (#51372) Thanks @rafaelmariano-glitch.
+- Google Gemini CLI auth: detect bundled npm installs by scanning packaged bundle files for the Gemini OAuth client config, so `npm install -g @google/gemini-cli` layouts work again. (#60486) Thanks @wzfmini01.
+- Google Gemini CLI auth: detect personal OAuth mode from local Gemini settings and skip Code Assist project discovery for those logins, so personal Google accounts stop failing with `loadCodeAssist 400 Bad Request`. (#49226) Thanks @bobworrall.
+- Google Gemini CLI auth: improve OAuth credential discovery across Windows nvm and Homebrew libexec installs, and align Code Assist metadata so Gemini login stops failing on packaged CLI layouts. (#40729) Thanks @hughcube.
+- Google Gemini CLI models: add forward-compat support for stable `gemini-2.5-*` model ids by letting the bundled CLI provider clone them from Google templates, so `gemini-2.5-flash-lite` and related configured models stop showing up as missing. (#35274) Thanks @mySebbe.
+- Google image generation: disable pinned DNS for Gemini image requests and honor explicit `pinDns` overrides in shared provider HTTP helpers so proxy-backed image generation works again. (#59873) Thanks @luoyanglang.
+- Providers/Microsoft Foundry: preserve explicit image capability on normalized Foundry deployments, repair stale GPT/o-series text-only model metadata across gateway and runtime paths, and keep unknown fallback models from borrowing unrelated image support.
+- Providers/Model Studio: preserve native streaming usage reporting for DashScope-compatible endpoints even when they are configured under a generic provider key, so streamed token totals stop sticking at zero. (#52395) Thanks @IVY-AI-gif.
+- Providers/Z.AI: preserve explicitly registered `glm-5-*` variants like `glm-5-turbo` instead of intercepting them with the generic GLM-5 forward-compat shim. (#48185) Thanks @haoyu-haoyu.
+- Amazon Bedrock/aws-sdk auth: stop injecting the fake `AWS_PROFILE` apiKey marker when no AWS auth env vars exist, so instance-role and other default-chain setups keep working without poisoning provider config. (#61194) Thanks @wirjo.
+- Agents/Kimi tool-call repair: preserve tool arguments that were already present on streamed tool calls when later malformed deltas fail reevaluation, while still dropping stale repair-only state before `toolcall_end`.
+- Plugins/Kimi Coding: parse tagged tool calls and keep Anthropic-native tool payloads so Kimi coding endpoints execute tools instead of echoing raw markup. (#60051, #60391) Thanks @obviyus and @Eric-Guo.
+- Media understanding: auto-register image-capable config providers for vision routing, so custom GLM-style provider ids with image models stop failing with “no media-understanding provider registered”. (#51418) Thanks @xydt-610.
+- Plugins/media understanding: enable bundled Groq and Deepgram providers by default so configured transcription models work without extra plugin activation config. (#59982) Thanks @yxjsxy.
+- MiniMax/pricing: keep bundled MiniMax highspeed pricing distinct in provider catalogs and preserve the lower M2.5 cache-read pricing when onboarding older MiniMax models. (#54214) Thanks @octo-patch.
+- MiniMax: advertise image input on bundled `MiniMax-M2.7` and `MiniMax-M2.7-highspeed` model definitions so image-capable flows can route through the M2.7 family correctly. (#54843) Thanks @MerlinMiao88888888.
+- Models/MiniMax: honor `MINIMAX_API_HOST` for implicit bundled MiniMax provider catalogs so China-hosted API-key setups pick `api.minimaxi.com/anthropic` without manual provider config. (#34524) Thanks @caiqinghua.
+- Usage/MiniMax: invert remaining-style `usage_percent` fields when MiniMax reports only remaining percentage data, so usage bars stop showing nearly-full remaining quota as nearly-exhausted usage. (#60254) Thanks @jwchmodx.
+- Usage/MiniMax: let usage snapshots treat `minimax-portal` and MiniMax CN aliases as the same MiniMax quota surface, and prefer stored MiniMax OAuth before falling back to Coding Plan keys.
+- Usage/MiniMax: prefer the chat-model `model_remains` entry and derive Coding Plan window labels from MiniMax interval timestamps so MiniMax usage snapshots stop picking zero-budget media rows and misreporting 4h windows as `5h`. (#52349) Thanks @IVY-AI-gif.
+- Model picker/providers: treat bundled BytePlus and Volcengine plan aliases as their native providers during setup, and expose their bundled standard/coding catalogs before auth so setup can suggest the right models. (#58819) Thanks @Luckymingxuan.
+- Tools/web_search (Kimi): when `tools.web.search.kimi.baseUrl` is unset, inherit native Moonshot chat `baseUrl` (`.ai` / `.cn`) so China console keys authenticate on the same host as chat. Fixes #44851. (#56769) Thanks @tonga54.
+- Agents/Claude CLI: keep non-interactive `--permission-mode bypassPermissions` when custom `cliBackends.claude-cli.args` override defaults, including fallback resolution before the runtime plugin registry is active, so cron and heartbeat Claude CLI runs do not regress to interactive approval mode. (#61114) Thanks @cathrynlavery and @thewilloftheshadow.
+- Agents/Claude CLI: persist explicit `openclaw agent --session-id` runs under a stable session key so follow-ups can reuse the stored CLI binding and resume the same underlying Claude session.
+- Agents/Claude CLI: persist routed Claude session bindings, rotate them on `/new` and `/reset`, and keep live Claude CLI model switches moving across the configured Claude family so resumed sessions follow the real active thread and model. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/CLI backends: invalidate stored CLI session reuse when local CLI login state or the selected auth profile credential changes, so relogin and token rotation stop resuming stale sessions.
+- Agents/Claude CLI/images: reuse stable hydrated image file paths and preserve shared media extensions like HEIC when passing image refs to local CLI runs, so Claude CLI image prompts stop thrashing KV cache prefixes and oddball image formats do not fall back to `.bin`. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/compaction: keep assistant tool calls and displaced tool results in the same compaction chunk so strict summarization providers stop rejecting orphaned tool pairs. (#58849) Thanks @openperf.
+- Agents/failover: scope Anthropic `An unknown error occurred` failover matching by provider so generic internal unknown-error text no longer triggers retryable timeout fallback. (#59325) Thanks @aaron-he-zhu.
+- Agents/subagents: honor allowlist validation, auth-profile handoff, and session override state when a subagent retries after `LiveSessionModelSwitchError`. (#58178) Thanks @openperf.
+- Agents/runtime: make default subagent allowlists, inherited skills/workspaces, and duplicate session-id resolution behave more predictably, and include value-shape hints in missing-parameter tool errors. (#59944, #59992, #59858, #55317) Thanks @hclsys, @gumadeiras, @joelnishanth, and @priyansh19.
+- Agents/pairing: merge completion announce delivery context with the requester session fallback so missing `to` still reaches the original channel, and include `operator.talk.secrets` in CLI default operator scopes for node-role device pairing approvals. (#56481) Thanks @maxpetrusenko.
+- Agents/scheduling: steer background-now work toward automatic completion wake and treat `process` polling as on-demand inspection or intervention instead of default completion handling. (#60877) Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/skills: skip `.git` and `node_modules` when mirroring skills into sandbox workspaces so read-only sandboxes do not copy repo history or dependency trees. (#61090) Thanks @joelnishanth.
+- ACP/agents: inherit the target agent workspace for cross-agent ACP spawns and fall back safely when the inherited workspace no longer exists. (#58438) Thanks @zssggle-rgb.
+- ACPX/Windows: preserve backslashes and absolute `.exe` paths in Claude CLI parsing, and fail fast on wrapper-script targets with guidance to use `cmd.exe /c`, `powershell.exe -File`, or `node <script>`. (#60689) Thanks @steipete.
+- Auth/failover: persist selected fallback overrides before retrying, shorten `auth_permanent` lockouts, and refresh websocket/shared-auth sessions only when real auth changes occur so retries and secret rotations behave predictably. (#60404, #60323, #60387) Thanks @extrasmall0 and @mappel-nv.
+- Gateway/channels: pin the initial startup channel registry before later plugin-registry churn so configured channels stay visible and `channels.status` stops falling back to empty `channelOrder` / `channels` payloads after runtime plugin loads.
+- Prompt caching: order stable workspace project-context files before `HEARTBEAT.md` and keep `HEARTBEAT.md` below the system-prompt cache boundary so heartbeat churn does not invalidate the stable project-context prefix. (#58979) Thanks @yozu and @vincentkoc.
+- Prompt caching: route Codex Responses and Anthropic Vertex through boundary-aware cache shaping, and report the actual outbound system prompt in cache traces so cache reuse and misses line up with what providers really receive. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/cache: preserve the full 3-turn prompt-cache image window across tool loops, keep colliding bundled MCP tool definitions deterministic, and reapply Anthropic Vertex cache shaping after payload hook replacements so KV/cache reuse stays stable. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Status/cache: restore `cacheRead` and `cacheWrite` in transcript fallback so `/status` keeps showing cache hit percentages when session logs are the only complete usage source. (#59247) Thanks @stuartsy.
+- Status/usage: let `/status` and `session_status` fall back to transcript token totals when the session meta store stayed at zero, so LM Studio, Ollama, DashScope, and similar OpenAI-compatible providers stop showing `Context: 0/...`. (#55041) Thanks @jjjojoj.
+- Mattermost/config schema: accept `groups.*.requireMention` again so existing Mattermost configs no longer fail strict validation after upgrade. (#58271) Thanks @MoerAI.
+- Doctor/config: compare normalized `talk` configs by deep structural equality instead of key-order-sensitive serialization so `openclaw doctor --fix` stops repeatedly reporting/applying no-op `talk.provider/providers` normalization. (#59911) Thanks @ejames-dev.
+- Anthropic CLI onboarding: rewrite migrated fallback model refs during non-interactive Claude CLI setup too, so onboarding and scripted setup no longer keep stale `anthropic/*` fallbacks after switching the primary model to `claude-cli/*`. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Models/Anthropic CLI auth: replace migrated `agents.defaults.models` allowlists when `openclaw models auth login --provider anthropic --method cli --set-default` switches to `claude-cli/*`, so stale `anthropic/*` entries do not linger beside the migrated Claude CLI defaults. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Doctor/Claude CLI: add dedicated Claude CLI health checks so `openclaw doctor` can spot missing local installs or broken auth before agent runs fail. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Plugins/auth-choice: apply provider-owned auth config patches without recursively preserving replaced default-model maps, so Anthropic Claude CLI and similar migrations can intentionally swap model allowlists during onboarding and setup instead of accumulating stale entries. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Plugins/onboarding: write dotted plugin uiHint paths like Brave `webSearch.mode` as nested plugin config so `llm-context` setup stops failing validation. (#61159) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Plugins/install: preserve unsafe override flags across linked plugin and hook-pack probes so local `--link` installs honor the documented override behavior. (#60624) Thanks @JerrettDavis.
+- Plugins/cache: inherit the active gateway workspace for provider, web-search, and web-fetch snapshot loads when callers omit `workspaceDir`, so compatible plugin registries and snapshot caches stop missing on gateway-owned runtime paths. (#61138) Thanks @jzakirov.
+- Plugin SDK/context engines: export the missing context-engine result and subagent lifecycle types from `openclaw/plugin-sdk` so context engine plugins can type `ContextEngine` implementations without local workarounds. (#61251) Thanks @DaevMithran.
+- Tasks/maintenance: reconcile stale cron and chat-backed CLI task rows against live cron-job and agent-run ownership instead of treating any persisted session key as proof that the task is still running. (#60310) Thanks @lml2468.
+- Plugins: suppress trust-warning noise during non-activating snapshot and CLI metadata loads. (#61427) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Agents/video generation: accept `agents.defaults.videoGenerationModel` in strict config validation and `openclaw config set/get`, so gateways using `video_generate` no longer fail to boot after enabling a video model.
+- Matrix/streaming: add a quiet preview mode for streamed Matrix replies, keep legacy `partial` preview-first behavior, and finalize quiet media captions correctly so previews stop notifying early without dropping final text semantics. (#61450) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Agents/compaction: skip redundant partial summarization when no messages were oversized, so the same transcript is not summarized twice after a full summarization failure. Fixes #61465. (#61603) Thanks @neeravmakwana.
+- Gateway/shutdown: bound websocket-server shutdown even when no tracked clients remain, so gateway restarts stop hanging until the watchdog kills the process. (#61565) Thanks @mbelinky.
+- Control UI/multilingual: localize the remaining shared channel, instances, nodes, and gateway-confirmation strings so the dashboard stops mixing translated UI with hardcoded English labels. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Discord/media: raise the default inbound and outbound media cap to `100MB` so Discord matches Telegram more closely and larger attachments stop failing on the old low default.
+- Matrix: keep direct transport requests on the pinned dispatcher by routing them through undici runtime fetch, so Matrix clients resume syncing on newer runtimes without dropping the validated address binding. (#61595) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Plugins/facades: resolve globally installed bundled-plugin runtime facades from registry roots so bundled channels like LINE still boot when the winning plugin install lives under the global extensions directory with an encoded scoped folder name. (#61297) Thanks @openperf.
+- Matrix: avoid failing startup when token auth already knows the user ID but still needs optional device metadata, retry transient auth bootstrap requests, and backfill missing device IDs after startup while keeping unknown-device storage reuse conservative until metadata is repaired. (#61383) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Agents/exec: stop streaming `tool_execution_update` events after an exec session backgrounds, preventing delayed background output from hitting a stale listener and crashing the gateway while keeping the output available through `process poll/log`. (#61627) Thanks @openperf.
+- Matrix: pass configured `deviceId` through health probes and keep probe-only client setup out of durable Matrix storage, so health checks preserve the correct device identity without rewriting `storage-meta.json` or related probe state on disk. (#61581) Thanks @MoerAI.
+  ||||||| parent of b4694a4ac7 (Telegram: add outbound chunker regression coverage)
+- Image generation/build: write stable runtime alias files into `dist/` and route provider-auth runtime lookups through those aliases so image-generation providers keep resolving auth/runtime modules after rebuilds instead of crashing on missing hashed chunk files.
+- Config/runtime: pin the first successful config load in memory for the running process and refresh that snapshot on successful writes/reloads, so hot paths stop reparsing `openclaw.json` between watcher-driven swaps.
+- Config/legacy cleanup: stop probing obsolete alternate legacy config names and service labels during local config/service detection, while keeping the active `~/.openclaw/openclaw.json` path canonical.
+- ACP/sessions_spawn: register ACP child runs for completion tracking and lifecycle cleanup, and make registration-failure cleanup explicitly best-effort so callers do not assume an already-started ACP turn was fully aborted. (#40885) Thanks @xaeon2026 and @vincentkoc.
+- ACP/tasks: mark cleanly exited ACP runs as blocked when they end on deterministic write or authorization blockers, and wake the parent session with a follow-up instead of falsely reporting success.
+- ACPX/runtime: derive the bundled ACPX expected version from the extension package metadata instead of hardcoding a separate literal, so plugin-local ACPX installs stop drifting out of health-check parity after version bumps. (#49089) Thanks @jiejiesks and @vincentkoc.
+- Gateway/auth: make local-direct `trusted-proxy` fallback require the configured shared token instead of silently authenticating same-host callers, while keeping same-host reverse proxy identity-header flows on the normal trusted-proxy path. Thanks @zhangning-agent and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: send MCP `query` collection filters as the upstream `collections` array instead of the legacy singular `collection` field, so mcporter-backed QMD 1.1+ searches still scope correctly after the unified `query` tool migration. (#54728) Thanks @armanddp and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: keep `qmd embed` active in `search` mode too, so BM25-first setups still build a complete index for later vector and hybrid retrieval. (#54509) Thanks @hnshah and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: point `QMD_CONFIG_DIR` at the nested `xdg-config/qmd` directory so per-agent collection config resolves correctly. (#39078) Thanks @smart-tinker and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: include deduplicated default plus per-agent `memorySearch.extraPaths` when building QMD custom collections, so shared and agent-specific extra roots both get indexed consistently. (#57315) Thanks @Vitalcheffe and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/session indexer: include `.jsonl.reset.*` and `.jsonl.deleted.*` transcripts in the memory host session scan while still excluding `.jsonl.bak.*` compaction backups and lock files, so memory search sees archived session history without duplicating stale snapshots. Thanks @hclsys and @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/sandbox: honor `tools.sandbox.tools.alsoAllow`, let explicit sandbox re-allows remove matching built-in default-deny tools, and keep sandbox explain/error guidance aligned with the effective sandbox tool policy. (#54492) Thanks @ngutman.
+- LINE/ACP: add current-conversation binding and inbound binding-routing parity so `/acp spawn ... --thread here`, configured ACP bindings, and active conversation-bound ACP sessions work on LINE like the other conversation channels.
+- LINE/markdown: preserve underscores inside Latin, Cyrillic, and CJK words when stripping markdown, while still removing standalone `_italic_` markers on the shared text-runtime path used by LINE and TTS. (#47465) Thanks @jackjin1997.
+- TTS/Microsoft: auto-switch the default Edge voice to Chinese for CJK-dominant text without overriding explicitly selected Microsoft voices. (#52355) Thanks @extrasmall0.
+- Agents/context pruning: count supplementary-plane CJK characters with the shared code-point-aware estimator so context pruning stops underestimating Japanese and Chinese text that uses Extension B ideographs. (#39985) Thanks @Edward-Qiang-2024.
+- Slack/status reactions: add a reaction lifecycle for queued, thinking, tool, done, and error phases in Slack monitors, with safer cleanup so queued ack reactions stay correct across silent runs, pre-reply failures, and delayed transitions. (#56430) Thanks @hsiaoa.
+- macOS/local gateway: stop OpenClaw.app from killing healthy local gateway listeners after startup by recognizing the current `openclaw-gateway` process title and using the current `openclaw gateway` launch shape.
+- Gateway/OpenAI compatibility: accept flat Responses API function tool definitions on `/v1/responses` and preserve `strict` when normalizing hosted tools into the embedded runner, so spec-compliant clients like Codex no longer fail validation or silently lose strict tool enforcement. Thanks @malaiwah and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: resolve slugified `memory_search` file hints back to the indexed filesystem path before returning search hits, so `memory_get` works again for mixed-case and spaced paths. (#50313) Thanks @erra9x.
+- OpenAI/Codex fast mode: map `/fast` to priority processing on native OpenAI and Codex Responses endpoints instead of rewriting reasoning settings, and document the exact endpoint and override behavior.
+- Memory/QMD: weight CJK-heavy text correctly when estimating chunk sizes, preserve surrogate-pair characters during fine splits, and keep long Latin lines on the old chunk boundaries so memory indexing produces better-sized chunks for CJK notes. (#40271) Thanks @AaronLuo00.
+- Security/LINE: make webhook signature validation run the timing-safe compare even when the supplied signature length is wrong, closing a small timing side-channel. (#55663) Thanks @gavyngong.
+- LINE/status: stop `openclaw status` from warning about missing credentials when sanitized LINE snapshots are already configured, while still surfacing whether the missing field is the token or secret. (#45701) Thanks @tamaosamu.
+- Gateway/health: carry webhook-vs-polling account mode from channel descriptors into runtime snapshots so passive channels like LINE and BlueBubbles skip false stale-socket health failures. (#47488) Thanks @karesansui-u.
+- Agents/MCP: reuse bundled MCP runtimes across turns in the same session, while recreating them when MCP config changes and disposing stale runtimes cleanly on session rollover. (#55090) Thanks @allan0509.
+- Memory/QMD: honor `memory.qmd.update.embedInterval` even when regular QMD update cadence is disabled or slower by arming a dedicated embed-cadence maintenance timer, while avoiding redundant timers when regular updates are already frequent enough. (#37326) Thanks @barronlroth.
+- Memory/QMD: add `memory.qmd.searchTool` as an exact mcporter tool override, so custom QMD MCP tools such as `hybrid_search` can be used without weakening the validated `searchMode` config surface. (#27801) Thanks @keramblock.
+- Memory/QMD: keep reset and deleted session transcripts in QMD session export so daily session resets do not silently drop most historical recall from `memory_search`. (#30220) Thanks @pushkarsingh32.
+- Memory/QMD: rebind collections when QMD reports a changed pattern but omits path metadata, so config pattern changes stop being silently ignored on restart. (#49897) Thanks @Madruru.
+- Memory/QMD: warn explicitly when `memory.backend=qmd` is configured but the `qmd` binary is missing, so doctor and runtime fallback no longer fail as a silent builtin downgrade. (#50439) Thanks @Jimmy-xuzimo and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: pass a direct-session key on `openclaw memory search` so CLI QMD searches no longer get denied as `session=<none>` under direct-only scope defaults. (#43517) Thanks @waynecc-at and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/QMD: keep `memory_search` session-hit paths roundtrip-safe when exported session markdown lives under the workspace `qmd/` directory, so `memory_get` can read the exact returned path instead of failing on the generic `qmd/sessions/...` alias. (#43519) Thanks @holgergruenhagen and @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/memory flush: keep daily memory flush files append-only during embedded attempts so compaction writes do not overwrite earlier notes. (#53725) Thanks @HPluseven.
+- Web UI/markdown: stop bare auto-links from swallowing adjacent CJK text while preserving valid mixed-script path and query characters in rendered links. (#48410) Thanks @jnuyao.
+- BlueBubbles/iMessage: coalesce URL-only inbound messages with their link-preview balloon again so sharing a bare link no longer drops the URL from agent context. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Sandbox/browser: install `fonts-noto-cjk` in the sandbox browser image so screenshots render Chinese, Japanese, and Korean text correctly instead of tofu boxes. Fixes #35597. Thanks @carrotRakko and @vincentkoc.
+- Memory/FTS: add configurable trigram tokenization plus short-CJK substring fallback so memory search can find Chinese, Japanese, and Korean text without breaking mixed long-and-short queries. Thanks @carrotRakko.
+- Hooks/config: accept runtime channel plugin ids in `hooks.mappings[].channel` (for example `feishu`) instead of rejecting non-core channels during config validation. (#56226) Thanks @AiKrai001.
+- TUI/chat: keep optimistic outbound user messages visible during active runs by deferring local-run binding until the first gateway chat event reveals the real run id, preventing premature history reloads from wiping pending local sends. (#54722) Thanks @seanturner001.
+- TUI/model picker: keep searchable `/model` and `/models` input mode from hijacking `j`/`k` as navigation keys, and harden width bounds under `m`-filtered model lists so search no longer crashes on long rows. (#30156) Thanks @briannicholls.
+- Agents/Kimi: preserve already-valid Anthropic-compatible tool call argument objects while still clearing cached repairs when later trailing junk exceeds the repair allowance. (#54491) Thanks @yuanaichi.
+- Docker/setup: force BuildKit for local image builds (including sandbox image builds) so `./docker-setup.sh` no longer fails on `RUN --mount=...` when hosts default to Docker's legacy builder. (#56681) Thanks @zhanghui-china.
+- Control UI/agents: auto-load agent workspace files on initial Files panel open, and populate overview model/workspace/fallbacks from effective runtime agent metadata so defaulted models no longer show as `Not set`. (#56637) Thanks @dxsx84.
+- Control UI/slash commands: make `/steer` and `/redirect` work from the chat command palette with visible pending state for active-run `/steer`, correct redirected-run tracking, and a single canonical `/steer` entry in the command menu. (#54625) Thanks @fuller-stack-dev.
+- Exec/runtime: default implicit exec to `host=auto`, resolve that target to sandbox only when a sandbox runtime exists, keep explicit `host=sandbox` fail-closed without sandbox, and show `/exec` effective host state in runtime status/docs.
+- Exec: fail closed when the implicit sandbox host has no sandbox runtime, and stop denied async approval followups from reusing prior command output from the same session. (#56800) Thanks @scoootscooob.
+- Exec/approvals: infer Discord and Telegram exec approvers from existing owner config when `execApprovals.approvers` is unset, extend the default approval window to 30 minutes, and clarify approval-unavailable guidance so approvals do not appear to silently disappear.
+- Exec/node: stop gateway-side workdir fallback from rewriting explicit `host=node` cwd values to the gateway filesystem, so remote node exec approval and runs keep using the intended node-local directory. (#50961) Thanks @openperf.
+- Plugins/ClawHub: sanitize temporary archive filenames for scoped package names and slash-containing skill slugs so `openclaw plugins install @scope/name` no longer fails with `ENOENT` during archive download. (#56452) Thanks @soimy.
+- Telegram/polling: keep the watchdog from aborting long-running reply delivery by treating recent non-polling API activity as bounded liveness instead of a hard stall. (#56343) Thanks @openperf.
+- Memory/FTS: keep provider-less keyword hits visible at the default memory-search threshold, so FTS-only recall works without requiring `--min-score 0`. (#56473) Thanks @opriz.
+- Memory/LanceDB: resolve runtime dependency manifest lookup from the bundled `extensions/memory-lancedb` path (including flattened dist chunks) so startup no longer fails with a missing `@lancedb/lancedb` dependency error. (#56623) Thanks @LUKSOAgent.
+- Tools/web_search: localize the shared search cache to module scope so same-process global symbol lookups can no longer inspect or mutate cached web-search responses. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/silent turns: fail closed on silent memory-flush runs so narrated `NO_REPLY` self-talk cannot stream or finalize into external replies even when block streaming is enabled. (#52593)
+- Browser/plugins: auto-enable the bundled browser plugin when browser config or browser tool policy already references it, and show a clearer CLI error when `plugins.allow` excludes `browser`.
+- Matrix/plugin loading: ship and source-load the crypto bootstrap runtime sidecar correctly so current `main` stops warning about failed Matrix bootstrap loads and `matrix/index` plugin-id mismatches on every invocation. (#53298) thanks @keithce.
+- iOS/Live Activities: mark the `ActivityKit` import in `LiveActivityManager.swift` as `@preconcurrency` so Xcode 26.4 / Swift 6 builds stop failing on strict concurrency checks. (#57180) Thanks @ngutman.
+- Plugins/Matrix: mirror the Matrix crypto WASM runtime dependency into the root packaged install and enforce root/plugin dependency parity so bundled Matrix E2EE crypto resolves correctly in shipped builds. (#57163) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Plugins/CLI: add descriptor-backed lazy plugin CLI registration so Matrix can keep its CLI module lazy-loaded without dropping `openclaw matrix ...` from parse-time command registration. (#57165) Thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Plugins/CLI: collect root-help plugin descriptors through a dedicated non-activating CLI metadata path so enabled plugins keep validated config semantics without triggering runtime-only plugin registration work, while preserving runtime CLI command registration for legacy channel plugins that still wire commands from full registration. (#57294) thanks @gumadeiras.
+- Anthropic/OAuth: inject `/fast` `service_tier` hints for direct `sk-ant-oat-*` requests so OAuth-authenticated Anthropic runs stop missing the same overload-routing signal as API-key traffic. Fixes #55758. Thanks @Cypherm and @vincentkoc.
+- Anthropic/service tiers: support explicit `serviceTier` model params for direct Anthropic requests and let them override `/fast` defaults when both are set. (#45453) Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Auto-reply/fast: accept `/fast status` on the directive-only path, align help/status text with the documented `status|on|off` syntax, and keep current-state replies consistent across command surfaces. Fixes #46095. Thanks @weissfl and @vincentkoc.
+- Telegram/native commands: prefix native command menu callback payloads and preserve `CommandSource: "native"` when Telegram replays them through callback queries, so `/fast` and other native command menus keep working even when text-command routing is disabled. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Docs/anchors: fix broken English docs links and make Mint anchor audits run against the English-source docs tree. (#57039) thanks @velvet-shark.
+- Cron/announce: preserve all deliverable text payloads for announce mode instead of collapsing to the last chunk, so multi-line cron reports deliver in full to Telegram forum topics.
+- Harden async approval followup delivery in webchat-only sessions (#57359) Thanks @joshavant.
+- Status: fix cache hit rate exceeding 100% by deriving denominator from prompt-side token fields instead of potentially undersized totalTokens. Fixes #26643.
+- Config/update: stop `openclaw doctor` write-backs from persisting plugin-injected channel defaults, so `openclaw update` no longer seeds config keys that later break service refresh validation. (#56834) Thanks @openperf.
+- Agents/Anthropic failover: treat Anthropic `api_error` payloads with `An unexpected error occurred while processing the response` as transient so retry/fallback can engage instead of surfacing a terminal failure. (#57441) Thanks @zijiess and @vincentkoc.
+- Agents/compaction: keep late compaction-retry rejections handled after the aggregate timeout path wins without swallowing real pre-timeout wait failures, so timed-out retries no longer surface an unhandled rejection on later unsubscribe. (#57451) Thanks @mpz4life and @vincentkoc.
+- Matrix/delivery recovery: treat Synapse `User not in room` replay failures as permanent during startup recovery so poisoned queued messages move to `failed/` instead of crash-looping Matrix after restart. (#57426) thanks @dlardo.
+- Plugins/facades: guard bundled plugin facade loads with a cache-first sentinel so circular re-entry stops crashing `xai`, `sglang`, and `vllm` during gateway plugin startup. (#57508) Thanks @openperf.
+- Agents/MCP: dispose bundled MCP runtimes after one-shot `openclaw agent --local` runs finish, while preserving bundled MCP state across in-run retries so local JSON runs exit cleanly without restarting stateful MCP tools mid-run.
+- Gateway/OpenAI HTTP: restore default operator scopes for bearer-authenticated requests that omit `x-openclaw-scopes`, so headless `/v1/chat/completions` and session-history callers work again after the recent method-scope hardening. (#57596) Thanks @openperf.
+- Gateway/attachments: offload large inbound images without leaking `media://` markers into text-only runs, preserve mixed attachment order for model input/transcripts, and fail closed when model image capability cannot be resolved. (#55513) Thanks @Syysean.
+- Telegram/outbound chunking: use static markdown chunking when Telegram runtime state is unavailable so long outbound Telegram messages still split correctly after cold starts. (#57816) Thanks @ForestDengHK.
 
 ## 2026.4.2
 
@@ -132,6 +414,9 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 ### Fixes
 
 - Sandbox/security: block credential-path binds even when sandbox home paths resolve through canonical aliases, so agent containers cannot mount user secret stores through alternate home-directory paths. (#59157) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Gateway/Windows scheduled tasks: preserve Task Scheduler settings on reinstall, fail loud when Scheduled Task `/Run` does not start, and report fast failed restarts with the actual elapsed time instead of a fake 60s timeout. (#59335) Thanks @tmimmanuel.
+- Control UI/model picker: preserve already-qualified `provider/model` refs from the server so models whose ids already contain slashes stop being double-prefixed and remapped to the wrong provider. (#49874) Thanks @ShionEria.
+- Models/selection: resolve bare model ids in session model switches against the configured allowlist before falling back to the current session provider, so Control UI model picks stop drifting into `google/k2p5` and similar wrong-provider refs. (#51580) Thanks @honwee.
 
 ## 2026.4.1-beta.1
 
@@ -162,6 +447,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Image generation/providers: stop inferring private-network access from configured OpenAI, MiniMax, and fal image base URLs, and cap shared HTTP error-body reads so hostile or misconfigured endpoints fail closed without relaxing SSRF policy or buffering unbounded error payloads. Thanks @vincentkoc.
 - Browser/host inspection: keep static Chrome inspection helpers out of the activated browser runtime so `openclaw doctor browser` and related checks do not eagerly load the bundled browser plugin. (#59471) Thanks @vincentkoc.
 - Browser/CDP: normalize trailing-dot localhost absolute-form hosts before loopback checks so remote CDP websocket URLs like `ws://localhost.:...` rewrite back to the configured remote host. (#59236) Thanks @mappel-nv.
+- Browser/attach-only profiles: disconnect cached Playwright CDP sessions when stopping attach-only or remote CDP profiles, while still reporting never-started local managed profiles as not stopped. (#60097) Thanks @pedh.
 - Agents/output sanitization: strip namespaced `antml:thinking` blocks from user-visible text so Anthropic-style internal monologue tags do not leak into replies. (#59550) Thanks @obviyus.
 - Kimi Coding/tools: normalize Anthropic tool payloads into the OpenAI-compatible function shape Kimi Coding expects so tool calls stop losing required arguments. (#59440) Thanks @obviyus.
 - Image tool/paths: resolve relative local media paths against the agent `workspaceDir` instead of `process.cwd()` so inputs like `inbox/receipt.png` pass the local-path allowlist reliably. (#57222) Thanks Priyansh Gupta.
@@ -187,6 +473,16 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Exec/node hosts: stop forwarding the gateway workspace cwd to remote node exec when no workdir was explicitly requested, so cross-platform node approvals fall back to the node default cwd instead of failing with `SYSTEM_RUN_DENIED`. (#58977) Thanks @Starhappysh.
 - TUI/chat: keep pending local sends visible and reconciled across history reloads, make busy/error recovery clearer through fallback and terminal-error paths, and reclaim transcript width for long links and paths. (#59800) Thanks @vincentkoc.
 - Exec approvals/channels: decouple initiating-surface approval availability from native delivery enablement so Telegram, Slack, and Discord still expose approvals when approvers exist and native target routing is configured separately. (#59776) Thanks @joelnishanth.
+- Agents/logging: keep orphaned-user transcript repair warnings focused on interactive runs, and downgrade background-trigger repairs (`heartbeat`, `cron`, `memory`, `overflow`) to debug logs to reduce false-alarm gateway noise.
+- Gateway/node pairing: require `operator.pairing` for node approvals end-to-end, while still requiring `operator.write` or `operator.admin` when the pending node commands need those higher scopes. (#60461) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Providers/OpenRouter: gate Anthropic prompt-cache `cache_control` markers to native/default OpenRouter routes and preserve them for native OpenRouter hosts behind custom provider ids. Thanks @vincentkoc.
+- Browser/CDP: validate both initial and discovered CDP websocket endpoints before connect so strict SSRF policy blocks cross-host pivots and direct websocket targets. (#60469) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Browser/profiles: reject remote browser profile `cdpUrl` values that violate strict SSRF policy before saving config, with clearer validation errors for blocked endpoints. (#60477) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Browser/screenshots: stop sending `fromSurface: false` on CDP screenshots so managed Chrome 146+ browsers can capture images again. (#60682) Thanks @mvanhorn.
+- Mattermost/slash commands: harden native slash-command callback token validation to use constant-time secret comparison, matching the existing interaction-token path.
+- Control UI/mobile chat: reduce narrow-screen overflow by shrinking the chat pane minimum width, removing extra mobile padding, widening message groups, and hiding avatars on very small screens. (#60220) Thanks @macdao.
+- Android/Talk Mode: route spoken replies through `talk.speak`, keep compressed playback cleanup deterministic, and fall back to local TTS for legacy gateways that omit Talk error reasons. (#60954) Thanks @obviyus.
+- Android/Talk Mode: keep reply-speaker routing and teardown behavior aligned with the new remote playback path. (#60954) Thanks @MKV21.
 
 ## 2026.4.1
 
@@ -216,6 +512,12 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Channels/WhatsApp: pass inbound message timestamp to model context so the AI can see when WhatsApp messages were sent. (#58590) Thanks @Maninae
 - QQBot/voice: lazy-load `silk-wasm` in `audio-convert.ts` so qqbot still starts when the optional voice dependency is missing, while voice encode/decode degrades gracefully instead of crashing at module load time. (#58829) Thanks @WideLee.
 - WhatsApp/groups: fix bot waking up on self-number quoted replies in groups with `selfChatMode` enabled. (#60148) Thanks @lurebat
+- Device pairing: require `operator.pairing` or `operator.admin` for internal `/pair` setup-code, QR, and cleanup commands so lower-privilege gateway callers cannot mint or revoke pairing bootstrap material. (#60491) Thanks @eleqtrizit.
+- Agents/failover: unify structured and raw provider error classification so provider-specific `400`/`422` payloads no longer get forced into generic format failures before retry, billing, or compaction logic can inspect them. (#58856) Thanks @aaron-he-zhu.
+- Auth profiles/store: coerce misplaced SecretRef objects out of plaintext `key` and `token` fields during store load so agents without ACP runtime stop crashing on `.trim()` after upgrade. (#58923) Thanks @openperf.
+- ACPX/runtime: repair `queue owner unavailable` session recovery by replacing dead named sessions and resuming the backend session when ACPX exposes a stable session id, so the first ACP prompt no longer inherits a dead handle. (#58669) Thanks @neeravmakwana
+- ACPX/runtime: retry dead-session queue-owner repair without `--resume-session` when the reported ACPX session id is stale, so recovery still creates a fresh named session instead of failing session init. Thanks @obviyus.
+- Tools/web_search (Kimi): replay native Moonshot `$web_search` arguments verbatim, disable thinking for `kimi-k2.5`, and add Moonshot region/model setup prompts so bundled Kimi web search works again. (#59356) Thanks @Innocent-children.
 
 ## 2026.3.31
 
@@ -589,6 +891,9 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Plugins/Matrix: encrypt E2EE image thumbnails with `thumbnail_file` while keeping unencrypted-room previews on `thumbnail_url`, so encrypted Matrix image events keep thumbnail metadata without leaking plaintext previews. (#54711) thanks @frischeDaten.
 - Telegram/forum topics: keep native `/new` and `/reset` routed to the active topic by preserving the topic target on forum-thread command context. (#35963)
 - Status/port diagnostics: treat single-process dual-stack loopback gateway listeners as healthy in `openclaw status --all`, suppressing false "port already in use" conflict warnings. (#53398) Thanks @DanWebb1949.
+- CLI/Docker: treat loopback private-host CLI gateway connects as local for silent pairing auto-approval, while keeping remote backend and public-host CLI connects behind pairing. (#55113) Thanks @sar618.
+
+## 2026.3.24
 
 ### Breaking
 

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ Welcome to the lobster tank! 🦞
 4. **Test/CI-only PRs for known `main` failures** → Don't open a PR. The Maintainer team is already tracking those failures, and PRs that only tweak tests or CI to chase them will be closed unless they are required to validate a new fix.
 5. **Questions** → Discord [#help](https://discord.com/channels/1456350064065904867/1459642797895319552) / [#users-helping-users](https://discord.com/channels/1456350064065904867/1459007081603403828)
 
+## PR Limits
+
+We cap at **10 open PRs per author**. If you exceed this, the `r: too-many-prs` label is added and your PR is auto-closed. This is a hard limit.
+
+For coordinated change sets that genuinely need more than 10 PRs, join the **#clawtributors** channel in Discord and talk to maintainers first.
+
 ## Before You PR
 
 - Test locally with your OpenClaw instance

Dockerfile

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ WORKDIR /app
 COPY package.json pnpm-lock.yaml pnpm-workspace.yaml .npmrc ./
 COPY ui/package.json ./ui/package.json
 COPY patches ./patches
-COPY scripts/postinstall-bundled-plugins.mjs scripts/npm-runner.mjs ./scripts/
+COPY scripts/postinstall-bundled-plugins.mjs scripts/npm-runner.mjs scripts/windows-cmd-helpers.mjs ./scripts/
 
 COPY --from=ext-deps /out/ ./${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}/
 
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ RUN pnpm build:docker
 # Force pnpm for UI build (Bun may fail on ARM/Synology architectures)
 ENV OPENCLAW_PREFER_PNPM=1
 RUN pnpm ui:build
+RUN pnpm qa:lab:build
 
 # Prune dev dependencies and strip build-only metadata before copying
 # runtime assets into the final image.
@@ -156,6 +157,7 @@ COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/openclaw.mjs .
 COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR} ./${OPENCLAW_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_DIR}
 COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/skills ./skills
 COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/docs ./docs
+COPY --from=runtime-assets --chown=node:node /app/qa ./qa
 
 # In npm-installed Docker images, prefer the copied source extension tree for
 # bundled discovery so package metadata that points at source entries stays valid.

README.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
 
 <table>
   <tr>
-    <td align="center" width="20%">
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
       <a href="https://openai.com/">
         <picture>
           <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/openai-light.svg">
@@ -42,7 +42,15 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
         </picture>
       </a>
     </td>
-    <td align="center" width="20%">
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
+      <a href="https://github.com/">
+        <picture>
+          <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/github-light.svg">
+          <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/github.svg" alt="GitHub" height="28">
+        </picture>
+      </a>
+    </td>
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
       <a href="https://www.nvidia.com/">
         <picture>
           <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/nvidia.svg">
@@ -50,7 +58,7 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
         </picture>
       </a>
     </td>
-    <td align="center" width="20%">
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
       <a href="https://vercel.com/">
         <picture>
           <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/vercel-light.svg">
@@ -58,7 +66,7 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
         </picture>
       </a>
     </td>
-    <td align="center" width="20%">
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
       <a href="https://blacksmith.sh/">
         <picture>
           <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/blacksmith-light.svg">
@@ -66,7 +74,7 @@ New install? Start here: [Getting started](https://docs.openclaw.ai/start/gettin
         </picture>
       </a>
     </td>
-    <td align="center" width="20%">
+    <td align="center" width="16.66%">
       <a href="https://www.convex.dev/">
         <picture>
           <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/docs/assets/sponsors/convex-light.svg">

SECURITY.md

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ When patching a GHSA via `gh api`, include `X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28` (o
 OpenClaw does **not** model one gateway as a multi-tenant, adversarial user boundary.
 
 - Authenticated Gateway callers are treated as trusted operators for that gateway instance.
+- Direct localhost/loopback Control UI and Gateway WebSocket sessions authenticated with the shared gateway secret (`token` / `password`) are in that same trusted-operator bucket. Local auto-paired device sessions on that path are expected to retain full localhost operator capability; they do not create a separate `operator.write` vs `operator.admin` security boundary.
 - The HTTP compatibility endpoints (`POST /v1/chat/completions`, `POST /v1/responses`) and direct tool endpoint (`POST /tools/invoke`) are in that same trusted-operator bucket. Passing Gateway bearer auth there is equivalent to operator access for that gateway; they do not implement a narrower `operator.write` vs `operator.admin` trust split.
 - Concretely, on the OpenAI-compatible HTTP surface:
   - shared-secret bearer auth (`token` / `password`) authenticates possession of the gateway operator secret

appcast.xml

@@ -2,6 +2,254 @@
 <rss xmlns:sparkle="http://www.andymatuschak.org/xml-namespaces/sparkle" version="2.0">
     <channel>
         <title>OpenClaw</title>
+        <item>
+            <title>2026.4.5</title>
+            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2026 04:55:17 +0100</pubDate>
+            <link>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/appcast.xml</link>
+            <sparkle:version>2026040501</sparkle:version>
+            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.4.5</sparkle:shortVersionString>
+            <sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>15.0</sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>
+            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.4.5</h2>
+<h3>Breaking</h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Config: remove legacy public config aliases such as <code>talk.voiceId</code> / <code>talk.apiKey</code>, <code>agents.*.sandbox.perSession</code>, <code>browser.ssrfPolicy.allowPrivateNetwork</code>, <code>hooks.internal.handlers</code>, and channel/group/room <code>allow</code> toggles in favor of the canonical public paths and <code>enabled</code>, while keeping load-time compatibility and <code>openclaw doctor --fix</code> migration support for existing configs. (#60726) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Changes</h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Agents/video generation: add the built-in <code>video_generate</code> tool so agents can create videos through configured providers and return the generated media directly in the reply.</li>
+<li>Agents/music generation: ignore unsupported optional hints such as <code>durationSeconds</code> with a warning instead of hard-failing requests on providers like Google Lyria.</li>
+<li>Providers/ComfyUI: add a bundled <code>comfy</code> workflow media plugin for local ComfyUI and Comfy Cloud workflows, including shared <code>image_generate</code>, <code>video_generate</code>, and workflow-backed <code>music_generate</code> support, with prompt injection, optional reference-image upload, live tests, and output download.</li>
+<li>Tools/music generation: add the built-in <code>music_generate</code> tool with bundled Google (Lyria) and MiniMax providers plus workflow-backed Comfy support, including async task tracking and follow-up delivery of finished audio.</li>
+<li>Providers: add bundled Qwen, Fireworks AI, and StepFun providers, plus MiniMax TTS, Ollama Web Search, and MiniMax Search integrations for chat, speech, and search workflows. (#60032, #55921, #59318, #54648)</li>
+<li>Providers/Amazon Bedrock: add bundled Mantle support plus inference-profile discovery and automatic request-region injection so Bedrock-hosted Claude, GPT-OSS, Qwen, Kimi, GLM, and similar routes work with less manual setup. (#61296, #61299) Thanks @wirjo.</li>
+<li>Control UI/multilingual: add localized control UI support for Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Brazilian Portuguese, German, Spanish, Japanese, Korean, French, Turkish, Indonesian, Polish, and Ukrainian. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins: add plugin-config TUI prompts to guided onboarding/setup flows, and add <code>openclaw plugins install --force</code> so existing plugin and hook-pack targets can be replaced without using the dangerous-code override flag. (#60590, #60544)</li>
+<li>Control UI/skills: add ClawHub search, detail, and install flows directly in the Skills panel. (#60134) Thanks @samzong.</li>
+<li>iOS/exec approvals: add generic APNs approval notifications that open an in-app exec approval modal, fetch command details only after authenticated operator reconnect, and clear stale notification state when the approval resolves. (#60239) Thanks @ngutman.</li>
+<li>Matrix/exec approvals: add Matrix-native exec approval prompts with account-scoped approvers, channel-or-DM delivery, and room-thread aware resolution handling. (#58635) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Channels/context visibility: add configurable <code>contextVisibility</code> per channel (<code>all</code>, <code>allowlist</code>, <code>allowlist_quote</code>) so supplemental quote, thread, and fetched history context can be filtered by sender allowlists instead of always passing through as received.</li>
+<li>Providers/request overrides: add shared model and media request transport overrides across OpenAI-, Anthropic-, Google-, and compatible provider paths, including headers, auth, proxy, and TLS controls. (#60200)</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI: add forward-compat <code>openai-codex/gpt-5.4-mini</code>, an opt-in GPT personality, and provider-owned GPT-5 prompt contributions so Codex/GPT runs stay cache-stable and compatible with bundled catalog lag.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI: expose OpenClaw tools to background Claude CLI runs through a loopback MCP bridge and switch bundled runs to stdin + <code>stream-json</code> partial-message streaming so prompts stop riding argv, long replies show live progress, and final session/usage metadata still land cleanly. (#35676) Thanks @mylukin.</li>
+<li>ACPX/runtime: embed the ACP runtime directly in the bundled <code>acpx</code> plugin, remove the extra external ACP CLI hop, harden live ACP session binding and reuse, and add a generic <code>reply_dispatch</code> hook so bundled plugins like ACPX can own reply interception without hardcoded ACP paths in core auto-reply routing. (#61319)</li>
+<li>Agents/progress: add experimental structured plan updates and structured execution item events so compatible UIs can show clearer step-by-step progress during long-running runs.</li>
+<li>Providers/Anthropic: remove the Claude CLI backend and setup-token from new onboarding, keep existing configured legacy profiles runnable, and have <code>openclaw doctor</code> repair or remove stale <code>anthropic:claude-cli</code> state during migration.</li>
+<li>Tools/video generation: add bundled xAI (<code>grok-imagine-video</code>), Alibaba Model Studio Wan, and Runway video providers, plus live-test/default model wiring for all three.</li>
+<li>Memory/search: add Amazon Bedrock embeddings for Titan, Cohere, Nova, and TwelveLabs models, with AWS credential-chain auto-detection for <code>provider: "auto"</code> and provider-specific dimension controls. Thanks @wirjo.</li>
+<li>Providers/Amazon Bedrock Mantle: generate bearer tokens from the AWS credential chain so Mantle auto-discovery can use IAM auth without manually exporting <code>AWS_BEARER_TOKEN_BEDROCK</code>. Thanks @wirjo.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming (experimental): add weighted short-term recall promotion, a <code>/dreaming</code> command, Dreams UI, multilingual conceptual tagging, and doctor/status repair support, while refactoring dreaming from competing modes into three cooperative phases (light, deep, REM) with independent schedules and recovery behavior so durable memory promotion can run in the background with less manual setup. (#60569, #60697) Thanks @vignesh07.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: add configurable aging controls (<code>recencyHalfLifeDays</code>, <code>maxAgeDays</code>) plus optional verbose logging so operators can tune recall decay and inspect promotion decisions more easily.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: add REM preview tooling (<code>openclaw memory rem-harness</code>, <code>promote-explain</code>), surface possible lasting truths during REM staging, and make deep promotion replay-safe so reruns reconcile instead of duplicating <code>MEMORY.md</code> entries.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: write dreaming trail content to top-level <code>dreams.md</code> instead of daily memory notes, update <code>/dreaming</code> help text to point there, and keep <code>dreams.md</code> available for explicit reads without pulling it into default recall. Thanks @davemorin.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: add the Dream Diary surface in Dreams, simplify user-facing dreaming config to <code>enabled</code> plus optional <code>frequency</code>, treat phases as implementation detail in docs/UI, and keep the lobster animation visible above diary content. Thanks @vignesh07.</li>
+<li>Prompt caching: keep prompt prefixes more reusable across transport fallback, deterministic MCP tool ordering, compaction, embedded image history, normalized system-prompt fingerprints, <code>openclaw status --verbose</code> cache diagnostics, and the removal of duplicate in-band tool inventories from agent system prompts so follow-up turns hit cache more reliably. (#58036, #58037, #58038, #59054, #60603, #60691) Thanks @bcherny and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/cache: diagnostics: add prompt-cache break diagnostics, trace live cache scenarios through embedded runner paths, and show cache reuse explicitly in <code>openclaw status --verbose</code>. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/cache: stabilize cache-relevant system prompt fingerprints by normalizing equivalent structured prompt whitespace, line endings, hook-added system context, and runtime capability ordering so semantically unchanged prompts reuse KV/cache more reliably. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/tool prompts: remove the duplicate in-band tool inventory from agent system prompts so tool-calling models rely on the structured tool definitions as the single source of truth, improving prompt stability and reducing stale tool guidance.</li>
+<li>Config/schema: enrich the exported <code>openclaw config schema</code> JSON Schema with field titles and descriptions so editors, agents, and other schema consumers receive the same config help metadata. (#60067) Thanks @solavrc.</li>
+<li>Providers/CLI: remove bundled CLI text-provider backends and the <code>agents.defaults.cliBackends</code> surface, while keeping ACP harness sessions and Gemini media understanding on the native bundled providers.</li>
+<li>Matrix/exec approvals: clarify unavailable-approval replies so Matrix no longer claims chat approvals are unsupported when native exec approvals are merely unconfigured. (#61424) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Docs/IRC: replace public IRC hostname examples with <code>irc.example.com</code> and recommend private servers for bot coordination while listing common public networks for intentional use.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: group nearby daily-note lines into short coherent chunks before staging them for dreaming, so one-off context from recent notes reaches REM/deep with better evidence and less line-level noise.</li>
+<li>Memory/dreaming: drop generic date/day headings from daily-note chunk prefixes while keeping meaningful section labels, so staged snippets stay cleaner and more reusable. (#61597) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
+<li>Plugins/Lobster: run bundled Lobster workflows in process instead of spawning the external CLI, reducing transport overhead and unblocking native runtime integration. (#61523) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
+<li>Plugins/Lobster: harden managed resume validation so invalid TaskFlow resume calls fail earlier, and memoize embedded runtime loading per runner while keeping failed loads retryable. (#61566) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Fixes</h3>
+<ul>
+<li>Security: preserve restrictive plugin-only tool allowlists, require owner access for <code>/allowlist add</code> and <code>/allowlist remove</code>, fail closed when <code>before_tool_call</code> hooks crash, block browser SSRF redirect bypasses earlier, and keep non-interactive auth-choice inference scoped to bundled and already-trusted plugins. (#58476, #59836, #59822, #58771, #59120) Thanks @eleqtrizit and @pgondhi987.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI: make GPT-5 and Codex runs act sooner with lower-verbosity defaults, visible progress during tool work, and a one-shot retry when a turn only narrates the plan instead of taking action.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI and reply delivery: preserve native <code>reasoning.effort: "none"</code> and strict schemas where supported, add GPT-5.4 assistant <code>phase</code> metadata across replay and the Gateway <code>/v1/responses</code> layer, and keep commentary buffered until <code>final_answer</code> so web chat, session previews, embedded replies, and Telegram partials stop leaking planning text. Fixes #59150, #59643, #61282.</li>
+<li>Telegram: fix current-model checks in the model picker, HTML-format non-default <code>/model</code> confirmations, explicit topic replies, persisted reaction ownership across restarts, caption-media placeholder and <code>file_id</code> preservation on download failure, and upgraded-install inbound image reads. (#60384, #60042, #59634, #59207, #59948, #59971) Thanks @sfuminya, @GitZhangChi, @dashhuang, @samzong, @v1p0r, and @neeravmakwana.</li>
+<li>Telegram: restore DM voice-note preflight transcription so direct-message audio stops arriving as raw <code><media:audio></code> placeholders. (#61008) Thanks @manueltarouca.</li>
+<li>Telegram/reasoning: only create a Telegram reasoning preview lane when the session is explicitly <code>reasoning:stream</code>, so hidden <code><think></code> traces from streamed replies stop surfacing as chat previews on normal sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Telegram/native command menu: trim long menu descriptions before dropping commands so sub-100 command sets can still fit Telegram's payload budget and keep more <code>/</code> entries visible. (#61129) Thanks @neeravmakwana.</li>
+<li>Discord: keep REST, webhook, and monitor traffic on the configured proxy, preserve component-only media sends, honor <code>@everyone</code> and <code>@here</code> mention gates, keep ACK reactions on the active account, and split voice connect/playback timeouts so auto-join is more reliable. (#57465, #60361, #60345) Thanks @geekhuashan.</li>
+<li>Discord/reply tags: strip leaked <code>[[reply_to_current]]</code> control tags from preview text and honor explicit reply-tag threading during final delivery, so Discord replies stay attached to the triggering message instead of printing reply metadata into chat.</li>
+<li>Discord/replies: replace the unshipped <code>replyToOnlyWhenBatched</code> flag with <code>replyToMode: "batched"</code> so native reply references only attach on debounced multi-message turns while explicit reply tags still work.</li>
+<li>Discord/image generation: include the real generated <code>MEDIA:</code> paths in tool output, avoid duplicate plain-output media requeueing, and persist volatile workspace-generated media into durable outbound media before final reply delivery so generated image replies stop pointing at missing local files.</li>
+<li>Slack: route live DM replies back to the concrete inbound DM channel while keeping persisted routing metadata user-scoped, so normal assistant replies stop disappearing when pairing and system messages still arrive. (#59030) Thanks @afurm.</li>
+<li>WhatsApp: restore <code>channels.whatsapp.blockStreaming</code> and reset watchdog timeouts after reconnect so quiet chats stop falling into reconnect loops. (#60007, #60069) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT and @mcaxtr.</li>
+<li>Android/Talk Mode: cancel in-flight <code>talk.speak</code> playback when speech is explicitly stopped, and restore spoken replies on both node-scoped and gateway-backed sessions by keeping reply routing and embedded transport overrides aligned with the current playback path. (#60306, #61164, #61214)</li>
+<li>Voice-call/OpenAI: pass full plugin config into realtime transcription provider resolution so streaming calls can discover the bundled OpenAI realtime transcription provider again. Fixes #60936. Thanks @sliekens and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Matrix/exec approvals: anchor seeded approval reactions to the primary Matrix prompt event, resolve them from event metadata instead of prompt text, and clean up chunked approval prompts correctly. (#60931) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Matrix: recover more reliably when secret storage or recovery keys are missing by recreating secret storage during repair and backup reset, hold crypto snapshot locks during persistence, and surface explicit too-large attachment markers. (#59846, #59851, #60599, #60289) Thanks @al3mart, @emonty, and @efe-arv.</li>
+<li>Matrix/DM sessions: add <code>channels.matrix.dm.sessionScope</code>, shared-session collision notices, and aligned outbound session reuse so separate Matrix DM rooms can keep distinct context when configured. (#61373) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Matrix: move legacy top-level <code>avatarUrl</code> into the default account during multi-account promotion and keep env-backed account setup avatar config persisted. (#61437) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>MS Teams: download inline DM images via Graph API and preserve channel reply threading in proactive fallback. (#52212, #55198) Thanks @Ted-developer and @hyojin.</li>
+<li>MS Teams: replace the deprecated Teams SDK HttpPlugin stub with <code>httpServerAdapter</code> so recurring gateway deprecation warnings stop firing and the Express 5 compatibility workaround stays on the supported SDK path. (#60939) Thanks @coolramukaka-sys.</li>
+<li>Control UI/chat: add a per-session thinking-level picker in the chat header and mobile chat settings, and keep the browser bundle on UI-local thinking/session-key helpers so Safari no longer crashes on Node-only imports before rendering chat controls.</li>
+<li>Sandbox/SSH: reject hardlinked files during cross-device rename fallback so EXDEV file copies preserve the same pinned file-boundary checks as direct reads.</li>
+<li>Control UI: keep Stop visible during tool-only execution, preserve pending-send busy state, and clear stale ClawHub search results as soon as the query changes. (#54528, #59800, #60267) Thanks @chziyue and @frankekn.</li>
+<li>Control UI/avatar: honor <code>ui.assistant.avatar</code> when serving <code>/avatar/:agentId</code> so Appearance UI avatar paths stop falling back to initials placeholders. (#60778) Thanks @hannasdev.</li>
+<li>Control UI/cron: highlight the Cron refresh button while refresh is in flight so the page's loading state stays visible even when prior data remains on screen. (#60394) Thanks @coder-zhuzm.</li>
+<li>Control UI/Overview: prevent gateway access token/password visibility toggle buttons from overlapping their inputs at narrow widths. (#56924) Thanks @bbddbb1.</li>
+<li>Auto-reply: unify reply lifecycle ownership across preflight compaction, session rotation, CLI-backed runs, and gateway restart handling so <code>/stop</code> and same-session overlap checks target the right active turn and restart-interrupted turns return the restart notice instead of being silently dropped. (#61267) Thanks @dutifulbob.</li>
+<li>Reply delivery: prevent duplicate block replies on <code>text_end</code> channels so providers that emit explicit text-end boundaries no longer double-send the same final message. (#61530)</li>
+<li>Gateway/startup: default <code>gateway.mode</code> to <code>local</code> when unset, detect PID recycling in gateway lock files on Windows and macOS, and show startup progress so healthy restarts stop getting blocked by stale locks. (#54801, #60085, #59843) Thanks @BradGroux and @TonyDerek-dot.</li>
+<li>Gateway/macOS: let launchd <code>KeepAlive</code> own in-process gateway restarts again, adding a short supervised-exit delay so rapid restarts avoid launchd crash-loop unloads while <code>openclaw gateway restart</code> still reports real LaunchAgent errors synchronously.</li>
+<li>Gateway/macOS: re-bootstrap the LaunchAgent if <code>launchctl kickstart -k</code> unloads it during restart so failed restarts do not leave the gateway unmanaged until manual repair.</li>
+<li>Gateway/macOS: recover installed-but-unloaded LaunchAgents during <code>openclaw gateway start</code> and <code>restart</code>, while still preferring live unmanaged gateways during restart recovery. (#43766) Thanks @HenryC-3.</li>
+<li>Gateway/Windows scheduled tasks: preserve Task Scheduler settings on reinstall, fail loudly when <code>/Run</code> does not start, and report fast failed restarts accurately instead of pretending they timed out after 60 seconds. (#59335) Thanks @tmimmanuel.</li>
+<li>Windows/restart: fall back to the installed Startup-entry launcher when the scheduled task was never registered, so <code>/restart</code> can relaunch the gateway on Windows setups where <code>schtasks</code> install fell back during onboarding. (#58943) Thanks @imechZhangLY.</li>
+<li>Windows/restart: clean up stale gateway listeners before Windows self-restart and treat listener and argv probe failures as inconclusive, so scheduled-task relaunch no longer falls into an <code>EADDRINUSE</code> retry loop. (#60480) Thanks @arifahmedjoy.</li>
+<li>Update/npm: prefer the npm binary that owns the installed global OpenClaw prefix so mixed Homebrew-plus-nvm setups update the right install. (#60153) Thanks @jayeshp19.</li>
+<li>Agents/music and video generation: add <code>tools.media.asyncCompletion.directSend</code> as an opt-in direct-delivery path for finished async media tasks, while keeping the legacy requester-session wake/model-delivery flow as the default.</li>
+<li>CLI/skills JSON: route <code>skills list --json</code>, <code>skills info --json</code>, and <code>skills check --json</code> output to stdout instead of stderr so machine-readable consumers receive JSON on the expected stream again. (#60914; fixes #57599; landed from contributor PR #57611 by @Aftabbs) Thanks @Aftabbs.</li>
+<li>CLI/Commander: preserve Commander-computed exit codes for argument and help-error paths, and cover the user-argv parse mode in the regression tests so invalid CLI invocations no longer report success when exits are intercepted. (#60923) Thanks @Linux2010.</li>
+<li>Cron: replay interrupted recurring jobs on the first gateway restart instead of waiting for a second restart. (#60583) Thanks @joelnishanth.</li>
+<li>Cron: send failure notifications through the job's primary delivery channel using the same session context as successful delivery when no explicit <code>failureDestination</code> is configured. (#60622) Thanks @artwalker.</li>
+<li>Exec/remote skills: stop advertising <code>exec host=node</code> when the current exec policy cannot route to a node, and clarify blocked exec-host override errors with both the requested host and allowed config path.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI/security: clear inherited Claude Code config-root and plugin-root env overrides like <code>CLAUDE_CONFIG_DIR</code> and <code>CLAUDE_CODE_PLUGIN_*</code>, so OpenClaw-launched Claude CLI runs cannot be silently pointed at an alternate Claude config/plugin tree with different hooks, plugins, or auth context. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI/security: clear inherited Claude Code provider-routing and managed-auth env overrides, and mark OpenClaw-launched Claude CLI runs as host-managed, so Claude CLI backdoor sessions cannot be silently redirected to proxy, Bedrock, Vertex, Foundry, or parent-managed token contexts. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI/security: force host-managed Claude CLI backdoor runs to <code>--setting-sources user</code>, even under custom backend arg overrides, so repo-local <code>.claude</code> project/local settings, hooks, and plugin discovery do not silently execute inside non-interactive OpenClaw sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI: treat malformed bare <code>--permission-mode</code> backend overrides as missing and fail safe back to <code>bypassPermissions</code>, so custom <code>cliBackends.claude-cli.args</code> security config cannot accidentally consume the next flag as a bogus permission mode. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Gateway/device pairing: require non-admin paired-device sessions to manage only their own device for token rotate/revoke and paired-device removal, blocking cross-device token theft inside pairing-scoped sessions. (#50627) Thanks @coygeek.</li>
+<li>Gateway/plugin routes: keep gateway-auth plugin runtime routes on write-only fallback scopes unless a trusted-proxy caller explicitly declares narrower <code>x-openclaw-scopes</code>, so plugin HTTP handlers no longer mint admin-level runtime scopes on missing or untrusted HTTP scope headers. (#59815) Thanks @pgondhi987.</li>
+<li>Build/types: fix the Node <code>createRequire(...)</code> helper typing so provider-runtime lazy loads compile cleanly again and <code>pnpm build</code> no longer fails in the Pi embedded provider error-pattern path.</li>
+<li>Gateway/security: scope loopback browser-origin auth throttling by normalized origin so one localhost Control UI tab cannot lock out a different localhost browser origin after repeated auth failures.</li>
+<li>Gateway/auth: serialize async shared-secret auth attempts per client so concurrent Tailscale-capable failures cannot overrun the intended auth rate-limit budget. Thanks @Telecaster2147.</li>
+<li>Device pairing/security: keep non-operator device scope checks bound to the requested role prefix so bootstrap verification cannot redeem <code>operator.*</code> scopes through <code>node</code> auth. (#57258) Thanks @jlapenna.</li>
+<li>Device pairing: reject rotating device tokens into roles that were never approved during pairing, and keep reconnect role checks bounded to the paired device's approved role set. (#60462) Thanks @eleqtrizit.</li>
+<li>Gateway/device auth: reuse cached device-token scopes only for cached-token reconnects, while keeping explicit <code>deviceToken</code> scope requests and empty-cache fallbacks intact so reconnects preserve <code>operator.read</code> without breaking explicit auth flows. (#46032) Thanks @caicongyang.</li>
+<li>Mobile pairing/security: fail closed for internal <code>/pair</code> setup-code issuance, cleanup, and approval paths when gateway pairing scopes are missing, and keep approval-time requested-scope enforcement on the internal command path. (#55996) Thanks @coygeek.</li>
+<li>Mobile pairing/bootstrap: keep QR bootstrap handoff tokens bounded to the mobile-safe contract so node handoff stays unscoped and operator handoff drops mixed <code>node.*</code>, <code>operator.admin</code>, and <code>operator.pairing</code> scopes.</li>
+<li>Mobile pairing/Android: tighten secure endpoint handling so Tailscale and public remote setup reject cleartext endpoints, private LAN pairing still works, merged-role approvals mint both node and operator device tokens, and bootstrap tokens survive node auto-pair until operator approval finishes. (#60128, #60208, #60221) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Android/canvas security: require exact normalized A2UI URL matches before forwarding canvas bridge actions, rejecting query mismatches and descendant paths while still allowing fragment-only A2UI navigation.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/security: default low-level HTTPS helper TLS verification to on so helper/API defaults match the shipped safe account default, and only explicit <code>allowInsecureSsl: true</code> opts out.</li>
+<li>Synology Chat/security: route webhook token comparison through the shared constant-time secret helper for consistency with other bundled plugins.</li>
+<li>Plugins/marketplace: block remote marketplace symlink escapes without breaking ordinary local marketplace install paths. (#60556) Thanks @eleqtrizit.</li>
+<li>Telegram/local Bot API: honor <code>channels.telegram.apiRoot</code> for buffered media downloads, add <code>channels.telegram.network.dangerouslyAllowPrivateNetwork</code> for trusted fake-IP setups, and require <code>channels.telegram.trustedLocalFileRoots</code> before reading absolute Bot API <code>file_path</code> values. (#59544, #60705) Thanks @SARAMALI15792 and @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Outbound/sanitizer: strip leaked <code><tool_call></code>, <code><function_calls></code>, and model special tokens from shared user-visible assistant text, including truncated tool-call streams, so internal scaffolding no longer bleeds into replies across surfaces. (#60619) Thanks @oliviareid-svg.</li>
+<li>Agents/errors: surface an explicit disk-full message when local session or transcript writes fail with <code>ENOSPC</code>/<code>disk full</code>, so those runs stop degrading into opaque <code>NO_REPLY</code>-style failures. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Exec approvals: remove heuristic command-obfuscation gating from host exec so gateway and node runs rely on explicit policy, allowlist, and strict inline-eval rules only.</li>
+<li>Agents/tool results: cap live tool-result persistence and overflow-recovery truncation at 40k characters so oversized tool output stays bounded without discarding recent context entirely.</li>
+<li>Discord/video replies: split text-plus-video deliveries into a text reply followed by a media-only send, and let live provider auth checks honor manifest-declared API key env vars like <code>MODELSTUDIO_API_KEY</code>.</li>
+<li>Config/All Settings: keep the raw config view intact when sensitive fields are blank instead of corrupting or dropping the rendered snapshot. (#28214) Thanks @solodmd.</li>
+<li>Plugin SDK/facades: back-fill bundled plugin facade sentinels before plugin-id tracking re-enters config loading, so CLI/provider startup no longer crashes with <code>shouldNormalizeGoogleProviderConfig is not a function</code> or other empty-facade reads during bundled plugin re-entry. Thanks @adam91holt.</li>
+<li>Plugins/facades: back-fill facade sentinels before tracked-plugin resolution re-enters config loading, so facade exports stay defined during circular provider normalization. (#61180) Thanks @adam91holt.</li>
+<li>QA lab: restore typed mock OpenAI gateway config wiring so QA-lab config helpers compile cleanly again and <code>pnpm check</code> / <code>pnpm build</code> stay green.</li>
+<li>Discord/image generation: include the real generated <code>MEDIA:</code> paths in tool output and avoid duplicate plain-output media requeueing so Discord image replies stop pointing at missing local files.</li>
+<li>Slack: route live DM replies back to the concrete inbound DM channel while keeping persisted routing metadata user-scoped, so normal assistant replies stop disappearing when pairing and system messages still arrive. (#59030) Thanks @afurm.</li>
+<li>Discord/reply tags: strip leaked <code>[[reply_to_current]]</code> control tags from preview text and honor explicit reply-tag threading during final delivery, so Discord replies stay attached to the triggering message instead of printing reply metadata into chat.</li>
+<li>Telegram: fix current-model checks in the model picker, HTML-format non-default <code>/model</code> confirmations, explicit topic replies, persisted reaction ownership across restarts, caption-media placeholder and <code>file_id</code> preservation on download failure, and upgraded-install inbound image reads. (#60384, #60042, #59634, #59207, #59948, #59971) Thanks @sfuminya, @GitZhangChi, @dashhuang, @samzong, @v1p0r, and @neeravmakwana.</li>
+<li>Telegram: restore DM voice-note preflight transcription so direct-message audio stops arriving as raw <code><media:audio></code> placeholders. (#61008) Thanks @manueltarouca.</li>
+<li>Telegram/reasoning: only create a Telegram reasoning preview lane when the session is explicitly <code>reasoning:stream</code>, so hidden <code><think></code> traces from streamed replies stop surfacing as chat previews on normal sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Telegram/native command menu: trim long menu descriptions before dropping commands so sub-100 command sets can still fit Telegram's payload budget and keep more <code>/</code> entries visible. (#61129) Thanks @neeravmakwana.</li>
+<li>Feishu/reasoning: only expose streamed reasoning previews when the session is explicitly <code>reasoning:stream</code>, so hidden reasoning traces do not surface on normal streaming sessions. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Discord: keep REST, webhook, and monitor traffic on the configured proxy, preserve component-only media sends, honor <code>@everyone</code> and <code>@here</code> mention gates, keep ACK reactions on the active account, and split voice connect/playback timeouts so auto-join is more reliable. (#57465, #60361, #60345) Thanks @geekhuashan.</li>
+<li>WhatsApp: restore <code>channels.whatsapp.blockStreaming</code> and reset watchdog timeouts after reconnect so quiet chats stop falling into reconnect loops. (#60007, #60069) Thanks @MonkeyLeeT and @mcaxtr.</li>
+<li>Memory: keep <code>memory-core</code> builtin embedding registration on the already-registered path so selecting <code>memory-core</code> no longer recurses through plugin discovery and crashes during startup. (#61402) Thanks @ngutman.</li>
+<li>Agents/tool results: keep large <code>read</code> outputs visible longer, preserve the latest <code>read</code> output when older tool output can absorb the overflow budget, and fall back to Pi's normal overflow compaction/retry path before replacing a fresh <code>read</code> with a compacted stub. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Memory/QMD: prefer modern <code>qmd collection add --glob</code>, accept newer single-line JSON hit metadata while keeping legacy line fields, refresh QMD docs/doctor install guidance and model-override guidance, and keep older QMD releases working. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>MS Teams: download inline DM images via Graph API and preserve channel reply threading in proactive fallback. (#52212, #55198) Thanks @Ted-developer and @hyojin.</li>
+<li>MS Teams: replace the deprecated Teams SDK HttpPlugin stub with <code>httpServerAdapter</code> so recurring gateway deprecation warnings stop firing and the Express 5 compatibility workaround stays on the supported SDK path. (#60939) Thanks @coolramukaka-sys.</li>
+<li>Matrix/exec approvals: anchor seeded approval reactions to the primary Matrix prompt event, resolve them from event metadata instead of prompt text, and clean up chunked approval prompts correctly. (#60931) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Matrix: recover more reliably when secret storage or recovery keys are missing by recreating secret storage during repair and backup reset, hold crypto snapshot locks during persistence, and surface explicit too-large attachment markers. (#59846, #59851, #60599, #60289) Thanks @al3mart, @emonty, and @efe-arv.</li>
+<li>Android/Talk Mode: cancel in-flight <code>talk.speak</code> playback when speech is explicitly stopped, so stale replies stop starting after barge-in or manual stop. (#61164) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Android/Talk Mode: restore spoken assistant replies on node-scoped sessions by keeping reply routing synced to the resolved node session key and pausing mic capture during reply playback. (#60306) Thanks @MKV21.</li>
+<li>Android/Talk Mode: restore voice replies on gateway-backed talk mode sessions by updating embedded runner transport overrides to the current agent transport API. (#61214) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Voice-call/OpenAI: pass full plugin config into realtime transcription provider resolution so streaming calls can discover the bundled OpenAI realtime transcription provider again. Fixes #60936. Thanks @sliekens and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Control UI/chat: add a per-session thinking-level picker in the chat header and mobile chat settings, and keep the browser bundle on UI-local thinking/session-key helpers so Safari no longer crashes on Node-only imports before rendering chat controls.</li>
+<li>Control UI: keep Stop visible during tool-only execution, preserve pending-send busy state, and clear stale ClawHub search results as soon as the query changes. (#54528, #59800, #60267) Thanks @chziyue and @frankekn.</li>
+<li>Control UI/avatar: honor <code>ui.assistant.avatar</code> when serving <code>/avatar/:agentId</code> so Appearance UI avatar paths stop falling back to initials placeholders. (#60778) Thanks @hannasdev.</li>
+<li>Control UI/cron: highlight the Cron refresh button while refresh is in flight so the page's loading state stays visible even when prior data remains on screen. (#60394) Thanks @coder-zhuzm.</li>
+<li>Control UI/Overview: prevent gateway access token/password visibility toggle buttons from overlapping their inputs at narrow widths. (#56924) Thanks @bbddbb1.</li>
+<li>CLI/skills JSON: route <code>skills list --json</code>, <code>skills info --json</code>, and <code>skills check --json</code> output to stdout instead of stderr so machine-readable consumers receive JSON on the expected stream again. (#60914; fixes #57599; landed from contributor PR #57611 by @Aftabbs) Thanks @Aftabbs.</li>
+<li>CLI/Commander: preserve Commander-computed exit codes for argument and help-error paths, and cover the user-argv parse mode in the regression tests so invalid CLI invocations no longer report success when exits are intercepted. (#60923) Thanks @Linux2010.</li>
+<li>Cron: replay interrupted recurring jobs on the first gateway restart instead of waiting for a second restart. (#60583) Thanks @joelnishanth.</li>
+<li>Cron: send failure notifications through the job's primary delivery channel using the same session context as successful delivery when no explicit <code>failureDestination</code> is configured. (#60622) Thanks @artwalker.</li>
+<li>Live model switching: only treat explicit user-driven model changes as pending live switches, so fallback rotation, heartbeat overrides, and compaction no longer trip <code>LiveSessionModelSwitchError</code> before making an API call. (#60266) Thanks @kiranvk-2011.</li>
+<li>Exec approvals: reuse durable exact-command <code>allow-always</code> approvals in allowlist mode so identical reruns stop prompting, and tighten Windows interpreter/path approval handling so wrapper and malformed-path cases fail closed more consistently. (#59880, #59780, #58040, #59182) Thanks @luoyanglang, @SnowSky1, and @pgondhi987.</li>
+<li>Node exec approvals: keep node-host <code>system.run</code> approvals bound to the prepared execution plan across async forwarding, so mutable script operands still get approval-time binding and drift revalidation instead of dropping back to unbound execution.</li>
+<li>Agents/exec approvals: let <code>exec-approvals.json</code> agent security override stricter gateway tool defaults so approved subagents can use <code>security: “full”</code> without falling back to allowlist enforcement again. (#60310) Thanks @lml2468.</li>
+<li>Agents/exec: restore <code>host=node</code> routing for node-pinned and <code>host=auto</code> sessions, while still blocking sandboxed <code>auto</code> sessions from jumping to gateway. (#60788) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>Exec/heartbeat: use the canonical <code>exec-event</code> wake reason for <code>notifyOnExit</code> so background exec completions still trigger follow-up turns when <code>HEARTBEAT.md</code> is empty or comments-only. (#41479) Thanks @rstar327.</li>
+<li>Heartbeat: skip wake delivery when the target session lane is already busy so the pending event is retried instead of getting drained too early. (#40526) Thanks @lucky7323.</li>
+<li>Group chats/agent prompts: tell models to minimize empty lines and use normal chat-style spacing so group replies avoid document-style blank-line formatting.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI GPT: treat short approval turns like <code>ok do it</code> and <code>go ahead</code> as immediate action turns, and trim overly memo-like GPT-5 chat confirmations so OpenAI replies stay shorter and more conversational by default.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI Codex: split native <code>contextWindow</code> from runtime <code>contextTokens</code>, keep the default effective cap at <code>272000</code>, and expose a per-model <code>contextTokens</code> override on <code>models.providers.*.models[]</code>.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenAI-compatible WS: compute fallback token totals from normalized usage when providers omit or zero <code>total_tokens</code>, so DashScope-compatible sessions stop storing zero totals after alias normalization. (#54940) Thanks @lyfuci.</li>
+<li>Agents/OpenAI: mark Claude-compatible file tool schemas as <code>additionalProperties: false</code> so direct OpenAI GPT-5 routes stop rejecting the <code>read</code> tool with invalid strict-schema errors.</li>
+<li>Agents/OpenAI: fall back to <code>strict: false</code> for native OpenAI tool calls when a tool schema is not strict-compatible, and normalize empty-object tool schemas to include <code>required: []</code>, so direct GPT-5 routes stop failing with invalid strict-schema errors like missing <code>path</code> in <code>required</code>.</li>
+<li>Agents/GPT: add explicit work-item lifecycle events for embedded runs, use them to surface real progress more reliably, and stop counting tool-started turns as planning-only retries.</li>
+<li>Plugins/OpenAI: enable <code>gpt-image-1</code> reference-image edits through <code>/images/edits</code> multipart uploads, and stop inferring unsupported resolution overrides when no explicit <code>size</code> or <code>resolution</code> is provided.</li>
+<li>Agents/replay: remove the malformed assistant-content canonicalization repair from replay history sanitization instead of extending that legacy repair path into replay validation.</li>
+<li>Plugins/OpenAI: tune the OpenAI prompt overlay for live-chat cadence so GPT replies stay shorter, more human, and less wall-of-text by default.</li>
+<li>Providers/compat: stop forcing OpenAI-only defaults on proxy and custom OpenAI-compatible routes, preserve native vendor-specific reasoning/tool/streaming behavior across Anthropic-compatible, Moonshot, Mistral, ModelStudio, OpenRouter, xAI, and Z.ai endpoints, and route GitHub Copilot Claude models through Anthropic Messages instead of OpenAI Responses.</li>
+<li>Providers/GitHub Copilot: send IDE identity headers on runtime model requests and GitHub token exchange so IDE-authenticated Copilot runs stop failing with missing <code>Editor-Version</code>. (#60641) Thanks @VACInc and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Providers/OpenRouter failover: classify <code>403 “Key limit exceeded”</code> spending-limit responses as billing so model fallback continues instead of stopping on generic auth. (#59892) Thanks @rockcent.</li>
+<li>Providers/Anthropic: keep <code>claude-cli/*</code> auth on live Claude CLI credentials at runtime, avoid persisting stale bearer-token profiles, and suppress macOS Keychain prompts during non-interactive Claude CLI setup. (#61234) Thanks @darkamenosa.</li>
+<li>Providers/Anthropic: when Claude CLI auth becomes the default, write a real <code>claude-cli</code> auth profile so local and gateway agent runs can use Claude CLI immediately without missing-API-key failures. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Providers/Anthropic Vertex: honor <code>cacheRetention: “long”</code> with the real 1-hour prompt-cache TTL on Vertex AI endpoints, and default <code>anthropic-vertex</code> cache retention like direct Anthropic. (#60888) Thanks @affsantos.</li>
+<li>Agents/Anthropic: preserve native <code>toolu_*</code> replay ids on direct Anthropic and Anthropic Vertex paths so cache-sensitive history stops rewriting known-valid Anthropic tool-use ids. (#52612)</li>
+<li>Providers/Google: add model-level <code>cacheRetention</code> support for direct Gemini system prompts by creating, reusing, and refreshing <code>cachedContents</code> automatically on Google AI Studio runs. (#51372) Thanks @rafaelmariano-glitch.</li>
+<li>Google Gemini CLI auth: detect bundled npm installs by scanning packaged bundle files for the Gemini OAuth client config, so <code>npm install -g @google/gemini-cli</code> layouts work again. (#60486) Thanks @wzfmini01.</li>
+<li>Google Gemini CLI auth: detect personal OAuth mode from local Gemini settings and skip Code Assist project discovery for those logins, so personal Google accounts stop failing with <code>loadCodeAssist 400 Bad Request</code>. (#49226) Thanks @bobworrall.</li>
+<li>Google Gemini CLI auth: improve OAuth credential discovery across Windows nvm and Homebrew libexec installs, and align Code Assist metadata so Gemini login stops failing on packaged CLI layouts. (#40729) Thanks @hughcube.</li>
+<li>Google Gemini CLI models: add forward-compat support for stable <code>gemini-2.5-*</code> model ids by letting the bundled CLI provider clone them from Google templates, so <code>gemini-2.5-flash-lite</code> and related configured models stop showing up as missing. (#35274) Thanks @mySebbe.</li>
+<li>Google image generation: disable pinned DNS for Gemini image requests and honor explicit <code>pinDns</code> overrides in shared provider HTTP helpers so proxy-backed image generation works again. (#59873) Thanks @luoyanglang.</li>
+<li>Providers/Microsoft Foundry: preserve explicit image capability on normalized Foundry deployments, repair stale GPT/o-series text-only model metadata across gateway and runtime paths, and keep unknown fallback models from borrowing unrelated image support.</li>
+<li>Providers/Model Studio: preserve native streaming usage reporting for DashScope-compatible endpoints even when they are configured under a generic provider key, so streamed token totals stop sticking at zero. (#52395) Thanks @IVY-AI-gif.</li>
+<li>Providers/Z.AI: preserve explicitly registered <code>glm-5-*</code> variants like <code>glm-5-turbo</code> instead of intercepting them with the generic GLM-5 forward-compat shim. (#48185) Thanks @haoyu-haoyu.</li>
+<li>Amazon Bedrock/aws-sdk auth: stop injecting the fake <code>AWS_PROFILE</code> apiKey marker when no AWS auth env vars exist, so instance-role and other default-chain setups keep working without poisoning provider config. (#61194) Thanks @wirjo.</li>
+<li>Agents/Kimi tool-call repair: preserve tool arguments that were already present on streamed tool calls when later malformed deltas fail reevaluation, while still dropping stale repair-only state before <code>toolcall_end</code>.</li>
+<li>Plugins/Kimi Coding: parse tagged tool calls and keep Anthropic-native tool payloads so Kimi coding endpoints execute tools instead of echoing raw markup. (#60051, #60391) Thanks @obviyus and @Eric-Guo.</li>
+<li>Media understanding: auto-register image-capable config providers for vision routing, so custom GLM-style provider ids with image models stop failing with “no media-understanding provider registered”. (#51418) Thanks @xydt-610.</li>
+<li>Plugins/media understanding: enable bundled Groq and Deepgram providers by default so configured transcription models work without extra plugin activation config. (#59982) Thanks @yxjsxy.</li>
+<li>MiniMax/pricing: keep bundled MiniMax highspeed pricing distinct in provider catalogs and preserve the lower M2.5 cache-read pricing when onboarding older MiniMax models. (#54214) Thanks @octo-patch.</li>
+<li>MiniMax: advertise image input on bundled <code>MiniMax-M2.7</code> and <code>MiniMax-M2.7-highspeed</code> model definitions so image-capable flows can route through the M2.7 family correctly. (#54843) Thanks @MerlinMiao88888888.</li>
+<li>Models/MiniMax: honor <code>MINIMAX_API_HOST</code> for implicit bundled MiniMax provider catalogs so China-hosted API-key setups pick <code>api.minimaxi.com/anthropic</code> without manual provider config. (#34524) Thanks @caiqinghua.</li>
+<li>Usage/MiniMax: invert remaining-style <code>usage_percent</code> fields when MiniMax reports only remaining percentage data, so usage bars stop showing nearly-full remaining quota as nearly-exhausted usage. (#60254) Thanks @jwchmodx.</li>
+<li>Usage/MiniMax: let usage snapshots treat <code>minimax-portal</code> and MiniMax CN aliases as the same MiniMax quota surface, and prefer stored MiniMax OAuth before falling back to Coding Plan keys.</li>
+<li>Usage/MiniMax: prefer the chat-model <code>model_remains</code> entry and derive Coding Plan window labels from MiniMax interval timestamps so MiniMax usage snapshots stop picking zero-budget media rows and misreporting 4h windows as <code>5h</code>. (#52349) Thanks @IVY-AI-gif.</li>
+<li>Model picker/providers: treat bundled BytePlus and Volcengine plan aliases as their native providers during setup, and expose their bundled standard/coding catalogs before auth so setup can suggest the right models. (#58819) Thanks @Luckymingxuan.</li>
+<li>Tools/web_search (Kimi): when <code>tools.web.search.kimi.baseUrl</code> is unset, inherit native Moonshot chat <code>baseUrl</code> (<code>.ai</code> / <code>.cn</code>) so China console keys authenticate on the same host as chat. Fixes #44851. (#56769) Thanks @tonga54.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI: keep non-interactive <code>--permission-mode bypassPermissions</code> when custom <code>cliBackends.claude-cli.args</code> override defaults, including fallback resolution before the runtime plugin registry is active, so cron and heartbeat Claude CLI runs do not regress to interactive approval mode. (#61114) Thanks @cathrynlavery and @thewilloftheshadow.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI: persist explicit <code>openclaw agent --session-id</code> runs under a stable session key so follow-ups can reuse the stored CLI binding and resume the same underlying Claude session.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI: persist routed Claude session bindings, rotate them on <code>/new</code> and <code>/reset</code>, and keep live Claude CLI model switches moving across the configured Claude family so resumed sessions follow the real active thread and model. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/CLI backends: invalidate stored CLI session reuse when local CLI login state or the selected auth profile credential changes, so relogin and token rotation stop resuming stale sessions.</li>
+<li>Agents/Claude CLI/images: reuse stable hydrated image file paths and preserve shared media extensions like HEIC when passing image refs to local CLI runs, so Claude CLI image prompts stop thrashing KV cache prefixes and oddball image formats do not fall back to <code>.bin</code>. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/compaction: keep assistant tool calls and displaced tool results in the same compaction chunk so strict summarization providers stop rejecting orphaned tool pairs. (#58849) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>Agents/failover: scope Anthropic <code>An unknown error occurred</code> failover matching by provider so generic internal unknown-error text no longer triggers retryable timeout fallback. (#59325) Thanks @aaron-he-zhu.</li>
+<li>Agents/subagents: honor allowlist validation, auth-profile handoff, and session override state when a subagent retries after <code>LiveSessionModelSwitchError</code>. (#58178) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+<li>Agents/runtime: make default subagent allowlists, inherited skills/workspaces, and duplicate session-id resolution behave more predictably, and include value-shape hints in missing-parameter tool errors. (#59944, #59992, #59858, #55317) Thanks @hclsys, @gumadeiras, @joelnishanth, and @priyansh19.</li>
+<li>Agents/pairing: merge completion announce delivery context with the requester session fallback so missing <code>to</code> still reaches the original channel, and include <code>operator.talk.secrets</code> in CLI default operator scopes for node-role device pairing approvals. (#56481) Thanks @maxpetrusenko.</li>
+<li>Agents/scheduling: steer background-now work toward automatic completion wake and treat <code>process</code> polling as on-demand inspection or intervention instead of default completion handling. (#60877) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/skills: skip <code>.git</code> and <code>node_modules</code> when mirroring skills into sandbox workspaces so read-only sandboxes do not copy repo history or dependency trees. (#61090) Thanks @joelnishanth.</li>
+<li>ACP/agents: inherit the target agent workspace for cross-agent ACP spawns and fall back safely when the inherited workspace no longer exists. (#58438) Thanks @zssggle-rgb.</li>
+<li>ACPX/Windows: preserve backslashes and absolute <code>.exe</code> paths in Claude CLI parsing, and fail fast on wrapper-script targets with guidance to use <code>cmd.exe /c</code>, <code>powershell.exe -File</code>, or <code>node <script></code>. (#60689) Thanks @steipete.</li>
+<li>Auth/failover: persist selected fallback overrides before retrying, shorten <code>auth_permanent</code> lockouts, and refresh websocket/shared-auth sessions only when real auth changes occur so retries and secret rotations behave predictably. (#60404, #60323, #60387) Thanks @extrasmall0 and @mappel-nv.</li>
+<li>Gateway/channels: pin the initial startup channel registry before later plugin-registry churn so configured channels stay visible and <code>channels.status</code> stops falling back to empty <code>channelOrder</code> / <code>channels</code> payloads after runtime plugin loads.</li>
+<li>Prompt caching: order stable workspace project-context files before <code>HEARTBEAT.md</code> and keep <code>HEARTBEAT.md</code> below the system-prompt cache boundary so heartbeat churn does not invalidate the stable project-context prefix. (#58979) Thanks @yozu and @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Prompt caching: route Codex Responses and Anthropic Vertex through boundary-aware cache shaping, and report the actual outbound system prompt in cache traces so cache reuse and misses line up with what providers really receive. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Agents/cache: preserve the full 3-turn prompt-cache image window across tool loops, keep colliding bundled MCP tool definitions deterministic, and reapply Anthropic Vertex cache shaping after payload hook replacements so KV/cache reuse stays stable. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Status/cache: restore <code>cacheRead</code> and <code>cacheWrite</code> in transcript fallback so <code>/status</code> keeps showing cache hit percentages when session logs are the only complete usage source. (#59247) Thanks @stuartsy.</li>
+<li>Status/usage: let <code>/status</code> and <code>session_status</code> fall back to transcript token totals when the session meta store stayed at zero, so LM Studio, Ollama, DashScope, and similar OpenAI-compatible providers stop showing <code>Context: 0/...</code>. (#55041) Thanks @jjjojoj.</li>
+<li>Mattermost/config schema: accept <code>groups.*.requireMention</code> again so existing Mattermost configs no longer fail strict validation after upgrade. (#58271) Thanks @MoerAI.</li>
+<li>Doctor/config: compare normalized <code>talk</code> configs by deep structural equality instead of key-order-sensitive serialization so <code>openclaw doctor --fix</code> stops repeatedly reporting/applying no-op <code>talk.provider/providers</code> normalization. (#59911) Thanks @ejames-dev.</li>
+<li>Anthropic CLI onboarding: rewrite migrated fallback model refs during non-interactive Claude CLI setup too, so onboarding and scripted setup no longer keep stale <code>anthropic/*</code> fallbacks after switching the primary model to <code>claude-cli/*</code>. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Models/Anthropic CLI auth: replace migrated <code>agents.defaults.models</code> allowlists when <code>openclaw models auth login --provider anthropic --method cli --set-default</code> switches to <code>claude-cli/*</code>, so stale <code>anthropic/*</code> entries do not linger beside the migrated Claude CLI defaults. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Doctor/Claude CLI: add dedicated Claude CLI health checks so <code>openclaw doctor</code> can spot missing local installs or broken auth before agent runs fail. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins/auth-choice: apply provider-owned auth config patches without recursively preserving replaced default-model maps, so Anthropic Claude CLI and similar migrations can intentionally swap model allowlists during onboarding and setup instead of accumulating stale entries. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Plugins/onboarding: write dotted plugin uiHint paths like Brave <code>webSearch.mode</code> as nested plugin config so <code>llm-context</code> setup stops failing validation. (#61159) Thanks @obviyus.</li>
+<li>Plugins/install: preserve unsafe override flags across linked plugin and hook-pack probes so local <code>--link</code> installs honor the documented override behavior. (#60624) Thanks @JerrettDavis.</li>
+<li>Plugins/cache: inherit the active gateway workspace for provider, web-search, and web-fetch snapshot loads when callers omit <code>workspaceDir</code>, so compatible plugin registries and snapshot caches stop missing on gateway-owned runtime paths. (#61138) Thanks @jzakirov.</li>
+<li>Plugin SDK/context engines: export the missing context-engine result and subagent lifecycle types from <code>openclaw/plugin-sdk</code> so context engine plugins can type <code>ContextEngine</code> implementations without local workarounds. (#61251) Thanks @DaevMithran.</li>
+<li>Tasks/maintenance: reconcile stale cron and chat-backed CLI task rows against live cron-job and agent-run ownership instead of treating any persisted session key as proof that the task is still running. (#60310) Thanks @lml2468.</li>
+<li>Plugins: suppress trust-warning noise during non-activating snapshot and CLI metadata loads. (#61427) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Agents/video generation: accept <code>agents.defaults.videoGenerationModel</code> in strict config validation and <code>openclaw config set/get</code>, so gateways using <code>video_generate</code> no longer fail to boot after enabling a video model.</li>
+<li>Matrix/streaming: add a quiet preview mode for streamed Matrix replies, keep legacy <code>partial</code> preview-first behavior, and finalize quiet media captions correctly so previews stop notifying early without dropping final text semantics. (#61450) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Gateway/shutdown: bound websocket-server shutdown even when no tracked clients remain, so gateway restarts stop hanging until the watchdog kills the process. (#61565) Thanks @mbelinky.</li>
+<li>Control UI/multilingual: localize the remaining shared channel, instances, nodes, and gateway-confirmation strings so the dashboard stops mixing translated UI with hardcoded English labels. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
+<li>Discord/media: raise the default inbound and outbound media cap to <code>100MB</code> so Discord matches Telegram more closely and larger attachments stop failing on the old low default.</li>
+<li>Matrix: keep direct transport requests on the pinned dispatcher by routing them through undici runtime fetch, so Matrix clients resume syncing on newer runtimes without dropping the validated address binding. (#61595) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
+<li>Plugins/facades: resolve globally installed bundled-plugin runtime facades from registry roots so bundled channels like LINE still boot when the winning plugin install lives under the global extensions directory with an encoded scoped folder name. (#61297) Thanks @openperf.</li>
+</ul>
+<p><a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md">View full changelog</a></p>
+]]></description>
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+        </item>
         <item>
             <title>2026.4.2</title>
             <pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2026 18:57:54 +0000</pubDate>
@@ -187,121 +435,5 @@
 ]]></description>
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         </item>
-        <item>
-            <title>2026.3.31</title>
-            <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 21:47:15 +0000</pubDate>
-            <link>https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openclaw/openclaw/main/appcast.xml</link>
-            <sparkle:version>2026033190</sparkle:version>
-            <sparkle:shortVersionString>2026.3.31</sparkle:shortVersionString>
-            <sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>15.0</sparkle:minimumSystemVersion>
-            <description><![CDATA[<h2>OpenClaw 2026.3.31</h2>
-<h3>Breaking</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>Nodes/exec: remove the duplicated <code>nodes.run</code> shell wrapper from the CLI and agent <code>nodes</code> tool so node shell execution always goes through <code>exec host=node</code>, keeping node-specific capabilities on <code>nodes invoke</code> and the dedicated media/location/notify actions.</li>
-<li>Plugin SDK: deprecate the legacy provider compat subpaths plus the older bundled provider setup and channel-runtime compatibility shims, emit migration warnings, and keep the current documented <code>openclaw/plugin-sdk/*</code> entrypoints plus local <code>api.ts</code> / <code>runtime-api.ts</code> barrels as the forward path ahead of a future major-release removal.</li>
-<li>Skills/install and Plugins/install: built-in dangerous-code <code>critical</code> findings and install-time scan failures now fail closed by default, so plugin installs and gateway-backed skill dependency installs that previously succeeded may now require an explicit dangerous override such as <code>--dangerously-force-unsafe-install</code> to proceed.</li>
-<li>Gateway/auth: <code>trusted-proxy</code> now rejects mixed shared-token configs, and local-direct fallback requires the configured token instead of implicitly authenticating same-host callers. Thanks @zhangning-agent, @jacobtomlinson, and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/node commands: node commands now stay disabled until node pairing is approved, so device pairing alone is no longer enough to expose declared node commands. (#57777) Thanks @jacobtomlinson.</li>
-<li>Gateway/node events: node-originated runs now stay on a reduced trusted surface, so notification-driven or node-triggered flows that previously relied on broader host/session tool access may need adjustment. (#57691) Thanks @jacobtomlinson.</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Changes</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>ACP/plugins: add an explicit default-off ACPX plugin-tools MCP bridge config, document the trust boundary, and harden the built-in bridge packaging/logging path so global installs and stdio MCP sessions work reliably. (#56867) Thanks @joe2643.</li>
-<li>Agents/LLM: add a configurable idle-stream timeout for embedded runner requests so stalled model streams abort cleanly instead of hanging until the broader run timeout fires. (#55072) Thanks @liuy.</li>
-<li>Agents/MCP: materialize bundle MCP tools with provider-safe names (<code>serverName__toolName</code>), support optional <code>streamable-http</code> transport selection plus per-server connection timeouts, and preserve real tool results from aborted/error turns unless truncation explicitly drops them. (#49505) Thanks @ziomancer.</li>
-<li>Android/notifications: add notification-forwarding controls with package filtering, quiet hours, rate limiting, and safer picker behavior for forwarded notification events. (#40175) Thanks @nimbleenigma.</li>
-<li>Background tasks: turn tasks into a real shared background-run control plane instead of ACP-only bookkeeping by unifying ACP, subagent, cron, and background CLI execution under one SQLite-backed ledger, routing detached lifecycle updates through the executor seam, adding audit/maintenance/status visibility, tightening auto-cleanup and lost-run recovery, improving task awareness in internal status/tool surfaces, and clarifying the split between heartbeat/main-session automation and detached scheduled runs. Thanks @mbelinky and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Background tasks: add the first linear task flow control surface with <code>openclaw flows list|show|cancel</code>, keep manual multi-task flows separate from one-task auto-sync flows, and surface doctor recovery hints for obviously orphaned or broken flow/task linkage. Thanks @mbelinky and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Channels/QQ Bot: add QQ Bot as a bundled channel plugin with multi-account setup, SecretRef-aware credentials, slash commands, reminders, and media send/receive support. (#52986) Thanks @sliverp.</li>
-<li>Diffs: skip unused viewer-versus-file SSR preload work so <code>diffs</code> view-only and file-only runs do less render work while keeping mode outputs aligned. (#57909) thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Tasks: add a minimal SQLite-backed task flow registry plus task-to-flow linkage scaffolding, so orchestrated work can start gaining a first-class parent record without changing current task delivery behavior. Thanks @mbelinky and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Tasks: persist blocked state on one-task task flows and let the same flow reopen cleanly on retry, so blocked detached work can carry a parent-level reason and continue without fragmenting into a new job. Thanks @mbelinky and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Tasks: route one-task ACP and subagent updates through a parent task-flow owner context, so detached work can emerge back through the intended parent thread/session instead of speaking only as a raw child task. Thanks @mbelinky and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>LINE/outbound media: add LINE image, video, and audio outbound sends on the LINE-specific delivery path, including explicit preview/tracking handling for videos while keeping generic media sends on the existing image-only route. (#45826) Thanks @masatohoshino.</li>
-<li>Matrix/history: add optional room history context for Matrix group triggers via <code>channels.matrix.historyLimit</code>, with per-agent watermarks and retry-safe snapshots so failed trigger retries do not drift into newer room messages. (#57022) thanks @chain710.</li>
-<li>Matrix/network: add explicit <code>channels.matrix.proxy</code> config for routing Matrix traffic through an HTTP(S) proxy, including account-level overrides and matching probe/runtime behavior. (#56931) thanks @patrick-yingxi-pan.</li>
-<li>Matrix/streaming: add draft streaming so partial Matrix replies update the same message in place instead of sending a new message for each chunk. (#56387) Thanks @jrusz.</li>
-<li>Matrix/threads: add per-DM <code>threadReplies</code> overrides and keep thread session isolation aligned with the effective room or DM thread policy from the triggering message onward. (#57995) thanks @teconomix.</li>
-<li>MCP: add remote HTTP/SSE server support for <code>mcp.servers</code> URL configs, including auth headers and safer config redaction for MCP credentials. (#50396) Thanks @dhananjai1729.</li>
-<li>Memory/QMD: add per-agent <code>memorySearch.qmd.extraCollections</code> so agents can opt into cross-agent session search without flattening every transcript collection into one shared QMD namespace. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Microsoft Teams/member info: add a Graph-backed member info action so Teams automations and tools can resolve channel member details directly from Microsoft Graph. (#57528) Thanks @sudie-codes.</li>
-<li>Nostr/inbound DMs: verify inbound event signatures before pairing or sender-authorization side effects, so forged DM events no longer create pairing requests or trigger reply attempts. Thanks @smaeljaish771 and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>OpenAI/Responses: forward configured <code>text.verbosity</code> across Responses HTTP and WebSocket transports, surface it in <code>/status</code>, and keep per-agent verbosity precedence aligned with runtime behavior. (#47106) Thanks @merc1305 and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Pi/Codex: add native Codex web search support for embedded Pi runs, including config/docs/wizard coverage and managed-tool suppression when native Codex search is active. (#46579) Thanks @Evizero.</li>
-<li>Slack/exec approvals: add native Slack approval routing and approver authorization so exec approval prompts can stay in Slack instead of falling back to the Web UI or terminal. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>TTS: Add structured provider diagnostics and fallback attempt analytics. (#57954) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>WhatsApp/reactions: agents can now react with emoji on incoming WhatsApp messages, enabling more natural conversational interactions like acknowledging a photo with ❤️ instead of typing a reply. Thanks @mcaxtr.</li>
-<li>Agents/BTW: force <code>/btw</code> side questions to disable provider reasoning so Anthropic adaptive-thinking sessions stop failing with <code>No BTW response generated</code>. Fixes #55376. Thanks @Catteres and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>CLI/onboarding: reset the remote gateway URL prompt to the safe loopback default after declining a discovered endpoint, so onboarding does not keep a previously rejected remote URL. (#57828)</li>
-<li>Agents/exec defaults: honor per-agent <code>tools.exec</code> defaults when no inline directive or session override is present, so configured exec host, security, ask, and node settings actually apply. (#57689)</li>
-<li>Sandbox/networking: sanitize SSH subprocess env vars through the shared sandbox policy and route marketplace archive downloads plus Ollama discovery, auth, and pull requests through the guarded fetch path so sandboxed execution and remote fetches follow the repo's trust boundaries. (#57848, #57850)</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Fixes</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>Slack: stop retry-driven duplicate replies when draft-finalization edits fail ambiguously, and log configured allowlisted users/channels by readable name instead of raw IDs.</li>
-<li>Agents/OpenAI Responses: normalize raw bundled MCP tool schemas on the WebSocket/Responses path so bare-object, object-ish, and top-level union MCP tools no longer get rejected by OpenAI during tool registration. (#58299) Thanks @yelog.</li>
-<li>ACP/security: replace ACP's dangerous-tool name override with semantic approval classes, so only narrow readonly reads/searches can auto-approve while indirect exec-capable and control-plane tools always require explicit prompt approval. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>ACP/sessions_spawn: register ACP child runs for completion tracking and lifecycle cleanup, and make registration-failure cleanup explicitly best-effort so callers do not assume an already-started ACP turn was fully aborted. (#40885) Thanks @xaeon2026 and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>ACP/tasks: mark cleanly exited ACP runs as blocked when they end on deterministic write or authorization blockers, and wake the parent session with a follow-up instead of falsely reporting success.</li>
-<li>ACPX/runtime: derive the bundled ACPX expected version from the extension package metadata instead of hardcoding a separate literal, so plugin-local ACPX installs stop drifting out of health-check parity after version bumps. (#49089) Thanks @jiejiesks and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Agents/Anthropic failover: treat Anthropic <code>api_error</code> payloads with <code>An unexpected error occurred while processing the response</code> as transient so retry/fallback can engage instead of surfacing a terminal failure. (#57441) Thanks @zijiess and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Agents/compaction: keep late compaction-retry completions from double-resolving finished compaction futures, so interrupted or timed-out compactions stop surfacing spurious second-completion races. (#57796) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>Agents/disabled providers: make disabled providers disappear from default model selection and embedded provider fallback, while letting explicitly pinned disabled providers fail with a clear config error instead of silently taking traffic. (#57735) Thanks @rileybrown-dev and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Agents/OAuth output: force exec-host OAuth output readers through the gateway fs policy so embedded gateway runs stop crashing when provider auth writes land outside the current sandbox workspace. (#58249) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>Agents/system prompt: fix <code>agent.name</code> interpolation in the embedded runtime system prompt and make provider/model fallback text reflect the effective runtime selection after start. (#57625) Thanks @StllrSvr and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Android/device info: read the app's version metadata from the package manager instead of hidden APIs so Android 15+ onboarding and device info no longer fail to compile or report placeholder values. (#58126) Thanks @L3ER0Y.</li>
-<li>Android/pairing: stop appending duplicate push receiver entries to <code>gateway-service.conf</code> on repeated QR pairing and keep push registration bounded to the current successful pairing, so Android push delivery stays healthy across re-pair and token rotation. (#58256) Thanks @surrealroad.</li>
-<li>App install smoke: pin the latest-release lookup to <code>latest</code>, cache the first stable install version across the rerun, and relax prerelease package assertions so the Parallels smoke lane can validate stable-to-main upgrades even when <code>beta</code> moves ahead or the guest starts from an older stable. (#58177) Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Auth/profiles: keep the last successful config load in memory for the running process and refresh that snapshot on successful writes/reloads, so hot paths stop reparsing <code>openclaw.json</code> between watcher-driven swaps.</li>
-<li>Config/SecretRef + Control UI: harden SecretRef redaction round-trip restore, block unsafe raw fallback (force Form mode when raw is unavailable), and preflight submitted-config SecretRefs before config write RPC persistence. (#58044) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>Config/Telegram: migrate removed <code>channels.telegram.groupMentionsOnly</code> into <code>channels.telegram.groups[\"*\"].requireMention</code> on load so legacy configs no longer crash at startup. (#55336) thanks @jameslcowan.</li>
-<li>Config/update: stop <code>openclaw doctor</code> write-backs from persisting plugin-injected channel defaults, so <code>openclaw update</code> no longer seeds config keys that later break service refresh validation. (#56834) Thanks @openperf.</li>
-<li>Control UI/agents: auto-load agent workspace files on initial Files panel open, and populate overview model/workspace/fallbacks from effective runtime agent metadata so defaulted models no longer show as <code>Not set</code>. (#56637) Thanks @dxsx84.</li>
-<li>Control UI/slash commands: make <code>/steer</code> and <code>/redirect</code> work from the chat command palette with visible pending state for active-run <code>/steer</code>, correct redirected-run tracking, and a single canonical <code>/steer</code> entry in the command menu. (#54625) Thanks @fuller-stack-dev.</li>
-<li>Cron/announce: preserve all deliverable text payloads for announce mode instead of collapsing to the last chunk, so multi-line cron reports deliver in full to Telegram forum topics.</li>
-<li>Cron/isolated sessions: carry the full live-session provider, model, and auth-profile selection across retry restarts so cron jobs with model overrides no longer fail or loop on mid-run model-switch requests. (#57972) Thanks @issaba1.</li>
-<li>Diffs/config: preserve schema-shaped plugin config parsing from <code>diffsPluginConfigSchema.safeParse()</code>, so direct callers keep <code>defaults</code> and <code>security</code> sections instead of receiving flattened tool defaults. (#57904) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Diffs: fall back to plain text when <code>lang</code> hints are invalid during diff render and viewer hydration, so bad or stale language values no longer break the diff viewer. (#57902) Thanks @gumadeiras.</li>
-<li>Discord/voice: enforce the same guild channel and member allowlist checks on spoken voice ingress before transcription, so joined voice channels no longer accept speech from users outside the configured Discord access policy. Thanks @cyjhhh and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Docker/setup: force BuildKit for local image builds (including sandbox image builds) so <code>./docker-setup.sh</code> no longer fails on <code>RUN --mount=...</code> when hosts default to Docker's legacy builder. (#56681) Thanks @zhanghui-china.</li>
-<li>Docs/anchors: fix broken English docs links and make Mint anchor audits run against the English-source docs tree. (#57039) thanks @velvet-shark.</li>
-<li>Doctor/plugins: skip false Matrix legacy-helper warnings when no migration plans exist, and keep bundled <code>enabledByDefault</code> plugins in the gateway startup set. (#57931) Thanks @dinakars777.</li>
-<li>Exec approvals/macOS: unwrap <code>arch</code> and <code>xcrun</code> before deriving shell payloads and allow-always patterns, so wrapper approvals stay bound to the carried command instead of the outer carrier. Thanks @tdjackey and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Exec approvals: unwrap <code>caffeinate</code> and <code>sandbox-exec</code> before persisting allow-always trust so later shell payload changes still require a fresh approval. Thanks @tdjackey and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Exec/approvals: infer Discord and Telegram exec approvers from existing owner config when <code>execApprovals.approvers</code> is unset, extend the default approval window to 30 minutes, and clarify approval-unavailable guidance so approvals do not appear to silently disappear.</li>
-<li>Pi/TUI: flush message-boundary replies at <code>message_end</code> so turns stop looking stuck until the next nudge when the final reply was already ready. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Exec/approvals: keep <code>awk</code> and <code>sed</code> family binaries out of the low-risk <code>safeBins</code> fast path, and stop doctor profile scaffolding from treating them like ordinary custom filters. Thanks @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Exec/env: block proxy, TLS, and Docker endpoint env overrides in host execution so request-scoped commands cannot silently reroute outbound traffic or trust attacker-supplied certificate settings. Thanks @AntAISecurityLab.</li>
-<li>Exec/env: block Python package index override variables from request-scoped host exec environment sanitization so package fetches cannot be redirected through a caller-supplied index. Thanks @nexrin and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Exec/node: stop gateway-side workdir fallback from rewriting explicit <code>host=node</code> cwd values to the gateway filesystem, so remote node exec approval and runs keep using the intended node-local directory. (#50961) Thanks @openperf.</li>
-<li>Exec/runtime: default implicit exec to <code>host=auto</code>, resolve that target to sandbox only when a sandbox runtime exists, keep explicit <code>host=sandbox</code> fail-closed without sandbox, and show <code>/exec</code> effective host state in runtime status/docs.</li>
-<li>Exec: fail closed when the implicit sandbox host has no sandbox runtime, and stop denied async approval followups from reusing prior command output from the same session. (#56800) Thanks @scoootscooob.</li>
-<li>Feishu/groups: keep quoted replies and topic bootstrap context aligned with group sender allowlists so only allowlisted thread messages seed agent context. Thanks @AntAISecurityLab and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/attachments: offload large inbound images without leaking <code>media://</code> markers into text-only runs, preserve mixed attachment order for model input/transcripts, and fail closed when model image capability cannot be resolved. (#55513) Thanks @Syysean.</li>
-<li>Gateway/auth: keep shared-auth rate limiting active during WebSocket handshake attempts even when callers also send device-token candidates, so bogus device-token fields no longer suppress shared-secret brute-force tracking. Thanks @kexinoh and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/auth: reject mismatched browser <code>Origin</code> headers on trusted-proxy HTTP operator requests while keeping origin-less headless proxy clients working. Thanks @AntAISecurityLab and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/device tokens: disconnect active device sessions after token rotation so newly rotated credentials revoke existing live connections immediately instead of waiting for those sockets to close naturally. Thanks @zsxsoft and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/health: carry webhook-vs-polling account mode from channel descriptors into runtime snapshots so passive channels like LINE and BlueBubbles skip false stale-socket health failures. (#47488) Thanks @karesansui-u.</li>
-<li>Gateway/pairing: restore QR bootstrap onboarding handoff so fresh <code>/pair qr</code> iPhone setup can auto-approve the initial node pairing, receive a reusable node device token, and stop retrying with spent bootstrap auth. (#58382) Thanks @ngutman.</li>
-<li>Gateway/OpenAI compatibility: accept flat Responses API function tool definitions on <code>/v1/responses</code> and preserve <code>strict</code> when normalizing hosted tools into the embedded runner, so spec-compliant clients like Codex no longer fail validation or silently lose strict tool enforcement. Thanks @malaiwah and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/OpenAI HTTP: restore default operator scopes for bearer-authenticated requests that omit <code>x-openclaw-scopes</code>, so headless <code>/v1/chat/completions</code> and session-history callers work again after the recent method-scope hardening. (#57596) Thanks @openperf.</li>
-<li>Gateway/plugins: scope plugin-auth HTTP route runtime clients to read-only access and keep gateway-authenticated plugin routes on write scope, so plugin-owned webhook handlers do not inherit write-capable runtime access by default. Thanks @davidluzsilva and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Gateway/SecretRef: resolve restart token drift checks with merged service/runtime env sources and hard-fail unsupported mutable SecretRef plus OAuth-profile combinations so restart warnings and policy enforcement match runtime behavior. (#58141) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>Gateway/tools HTTP: tighten HTTP tool-invoke authorization so owner-only tools stay off HTTP invoke paths. (#57773) Thanks @jacobtomlinson.</li>
-<li>Harden async approval followup delivery in webchat-only sessions (#57359) Thanks @joshavant.</li>
-<li>Heartbeat/auth: prevent exec-event heartbeat runs from inheriting owner-only tool access from the session delivery target, so node exec output stays on the non-owner tool surface even when the target session belongs to the owner. Thanks @AntAISecurityLab and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Hooks/config: accept runtime channel plugin ids in <code>hooks.mappings[].channel</code> (for example <code>feishu</code>) instead of rejecting non-core channels during config validation. (#56226) Thanks @AiKrai001.</li>
-<li>Hooks/session routing: rebind hook-triggered <code>agent:</code> session keys to the actual target agent before isolated dispatch so dedicated hook agents keep their own session-scoped tool and plugin identity. Thanks @kexinoh and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Host exec/env: block additional request-scoped env overrides that can redirect Docker endpoints, trust roots, compiler include paths, package resolution, or Python environment roots during approved host runs. Thanks @tdjackey and @vincentkoc.</li>
-<li>Image generation/build: write stable runtime alias files into <code>dist/</code> and route provider-auth runtime lookups through those aliases so image-generation providers keep resolving auth/runtime modules after rebuilds instead of crashing on missing hashed chunk files.</li>
-<li>iOS/Live Activities: mark the <code>ActivityKit</code> import in <code>LiveActivityManager.swift</code> as <code>@preconcurrency</code> so Xcode 26.4 / Swift 6 builds stop failing on strict concurrency checks. (#57180) Thanks @ngutman.</li>
-<li>LINE/ACP: add current-conversation binding and inbound binding-routing parity so <code>/acp spawn ... --thread here</code>, configured ACP bindings, and active conversation-bound ACP sessions work on LINE like the other conversation channels.</li>
-<li>LINE/markdown: preserve underscores inside Latin, Cyrillic, and CJK words when stripping markdown, while still removing standalone <code>_italic_</code> markers on the shared text-runtime path used by LINE and TTS. (#47465) Thanks @jackjin1997.</li>
-<li>Agents/failover: make overloaded same-provider retry count and retry delay configurable via <code>auth.cooldowns</code>, default to one retry with no delay, and document the model-fallback behavior.</li>
-</ul>
-<p><a href="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md">View full changelog</a></p>
-]]></description>
-            <enclosure url="https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/download/v2026.3.31/OpenClaw-2026.3.31.zip" length="25820093" type="application/octet-stream" sparkle:edSignature="NjpuH/j7OaNASEatBTpQ4uQy6+oUNq/lIwjrY69rJfkgGSk3/kU8vgxo9osjSgx034m7TpuZvWyulu57OBsQCg=="/>
-        </item>
     </channel>
 </rss>

apps/android/app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ android {
         applicationId = "ai.openclaw.app"
         minSdk = 31
         targetSdk = 36
-        versionCode = 2026040301
-        versionName = "2026.4.3"
+        versionCode = 2026040601
+        versionName = "2026.4.6"
         ndk {
             // Support all major ABIs — native libs are tiny (~47 KB per ABI)
             abiFilters += listOf("armeabi-v7a", "arm64-v8a", "x86", "x86_64")
@@ -239,44 +239,52 @@ tasks.withType<Test>().configureEach {
     useJUnitPlatform()
 }
 
-val stripReleaseDnsjavaServiceDescriptor =
-    tasks.register("stripReleaseDnsjavaServiceDescriptor") {
+androidComponents {
+    onVariants(selector().withBuildType("release")) { variant ->
+        val variantName = variant.name
+        val variantNameCapitalized = variantName.replaceFirstChar(Char::titlecase)
+        val stripTaskName = "strip${variantNameCapitalized}DnsjavaServiceDescriptor"
+        val mergeTaskName = "merge${variantNameCapitalized}JavaResource"
+        val minifyTaskName = "minify${variantNameCapitalized}WithR8"
         val mergedJar =
             layout.buildDirectory.file(
-                "intermediates/merged_java_res/release/mergeReleaseJavaResource/base.jar",
+                "intermediates/merged_java_res/$variantName/$mergeTaskName/base.jar",
             )
 
-        inputs.file(mergedJar)
-        outputs.file(mergedJar)
+        val stripTask =
+            tasks.register(stripTaskName) {
+                inputs.file(mergedJar)
+                outputs.file(mergedJar)
 
-        doLast {
-            val jarFile = mergedJar.get().asFile
-            if (!jarFile.exists()) {
-                return@doLast
+                doLast {
+                    val jarFile = mergedJar.get().asFile
+                    if (!jarFile.exists()) {
+                        return@doLast
+                    }
+
+                    val unpackDir = temporaryDir.resolve("merged-java-res")
+                    delete(unpackDir)
+                    copy {
+                        from(zipTree(jarFile))
+                        into(unpackDir)
+                        exclude(dnsjavaInetAddressResolverService)
+                    }
+                    delete(jarFile)
+                    ant.invokeMethod(
+                        "zip",
+                        mapOf(
+                            "destfile" to jarFile.absolutePath,
+                            "basedir" to unpackDir.absolutePath,
+                        ),
+                    )
+                }
             }
 
-            val unpackDir = temporaryDir.resolve("merged-java-res")
-            delete(unpackDir)
-            copy {
-                from(zipTree(jarFile))
-                into(unpackDir)
-                exclude(dnsjavaInetAddressResolverService)
-            }
-            delete(jarFile)
-            ant.invokeMethod(
-                "zip",
-                mapOf(
-                    "destfile" to jarFile.absolutePath,
-                    "basedir" to unpackDir.absolutePath,
-                ),
-            )
+        tasks.matching { it.name == mergeTaskName }.configureEach {
+            finalizedBy(stripTask)
+        }
+        tasks.matching { it.name == minifyTaskName }.configureEach {
+            dependsOn(stripTask)
         }
     }
-
-tasks.matching { it.name == "stripReleaseDnsjavaServiceDescriptor" }.configureEach {
-    dependsOn("mergeReleaseJavaResource")
-}
-
-tasks.matching { it.name == "minifyReleaseWithR8" }.configureEach {
-    dependsOn(stripReleaseDnsjavaServiceDescriptor)
 }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/NodeRuntime.kt

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ class NodeRuntime(
 
   private val identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(appContext)
   private var connectedEndpoint: GatewayEndpoint? = null
+  private var activeGatewayAuth: GatewayConnectAuth? = null
 
   private val cameraHandler: CameraHandler = CameraHandler(
     appContext = appContext,
@@ -299,6 +300,11 @@ class NodeRuntime(
         _canvasRehydrateErrorText.value = null
         updateStatus()
         showLocalCanvasOnConnect()
+        val endpoint = connectedEndpoint
+        val auth = activeGatewayAuth
+        if (endpoint != null && auth != null) {
+          maybeStartOperatorSessionAfterNodeConnect(endpoint, auth)
+        }
       },
       onDisconnected = { message ->
         _nodeConnected.value = false
@@ -345,6 +351,8 @@ class NodeRuntime(
       session = operatorSession,
       supportsChatSubscribe = false,
       isConnected = { operatorConnected },
+      onBeforeSpeak = { micCapture.pauseForTts() },
+      onAfterSpeak = { micCapture.resumeAfterTts() },
     ).also { speaker ->
       speaker.setPlaybackEnabled(prefs.speakerEnabled.value)
     }
@@ -373,11 +381,10 @@ class NodeRuntime(
         parseChatSendRunId(response) ?: idempotencyKey
       },
       speakAssistantReply = { text ->
-        // Skip if TalkModeManager is handling TTS (ttsOnAllResponses) to avoid
-        // double-speaking the same assistant reply from both pipelines.
-        if (!talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses) {
-          voiceReplySpeaker.speakAssistantReply(text)
-        }
+        // Voice-tab replies should speak through the dedicated reply speaker.
+        // Relying on talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses here can drop playback if the
+        // chat-event path misses the terminal event for this turn.
+        voiceReplySpeaker.speakAssistantReply(text)
       },
     )
   }
@@ -416,14 +423,19 @@ class NodeRuntime(
       session = operatorSession,
       supportsChatSubscribe = true,
       isConnected = { operatorConnected },
+      onBeforeSpeak = { micCapture.pauseForTts() },
+      onAfterSpeak = { micCapture.resumeAfterTts() },
     )
   }
 
   private fun syncMainSessionKey(agentId: String?) {
     val resolvedKey = resolveNodeMainSessionKey(agentId)
+    // Always push the resolved session key into TalkMode, even when the
+    // state flow value is unchanged, so lazy TalkMode instances do not
+    // stay on the default "main" session key.
+    talkMode.setMainSessionKey(resolvedKey)
     if (_mainSessionKey.value == resolvedKey) return
     _mainSessionKey.value = resolvedKey
-    talkMode.setMainSessionKey(resolvedKey)
     chat.applyMainSessionKey(resolvedKey)
     updateHomeCanvasState()
   }
@@ -583,12 +595,11 @@ class NodeRuntime(
 
     scope.launch {
       prefs.talkEnabled.collect { enabled ->
-        // MicCaptureManager handles STT + send to gateway.
-        // TalkModeManager plays TTS on assistant responses.
+        // MicCaptureManager handles STT + send to gateway, while the dedicated
+        // reply speaker handles TTS for assistant replies in the voice tab.
         micCapture.setMicEnabled(enabled)
         if (enabled) {
-          // Mic on = user is on voice screen and wants TTS responses.
-          talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = true
+          talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = false
           scope.launch { talkMode.ensureChatSubscribed() }
         }
         externalAudioCaptureActive.value = enabled
@@ -749,8 +760,8 @@ class NodeRuntime(
     prefs.setTalkEnabled(value)
     if (value) {
       // Tapping mic on interrupts any active TTS (barge-in)
-      talkMode.stopTts()
-      talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = true
+      stopVoicePlayback()
+      talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = false
       scope.launch { talkMode.ensureChatSubscribed() }
     }
     micCapture.setMicEnabled(value)
@@ -765,18 +776,25 @@ class NodeRuntime(
     if (voiceReplySpeakerLazy.isInitialized()) {
       voiceReplySpeaker.setPlaybackEnabled(value)
     }
-    // Keep TalkMode in sync so speaker mute works when ttsOnAllResponses is active.
+    // Keep TalkMode in sync so any active Talk playback also respects speaker mute.
     talkMode.setPlaybackEnabled(value)
   }
 
   private fun stopActiveVoiceSession() {
     talkMode.ttsOnAllResponses = false
-    talkMode.stopTts()
+    stopVoicePlayback()
     micCapture.setMicEnabled(false)
     prefs.setTalkEnabled(false)
     externalAudioCaptureActive.value = false
   }
 
+  private fun stopVoicePlayback() {
+    talkMode.stopTts()
+    if (voiceReplySpeakerLazy.isInitialized()) {
+      voiceReplySpeaker.stopTts()
+    }
+  }
+
   fun refreshGatewayConnection() {
     val endpoint =
       connectedEndpoint ?: run {
@@ -793,15 +811,14 @@ class NodeRuntime(
     auth: GatewayConnectAuth,
     reconnect: Boolean = false,
   ) {
+    activeGatewayAuth = auth
     val tls = connectionManager.resolveTlsParams(endpoint)
-    val connectOperator =
-      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
-        auth.token,
-        auth.bootstrapToken,
-        auth.password,
-        loadStoredRoleDeviceToken("operator"),
+    val operatorAuth =
+      resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(
+        auth = auth,
+        storedOperatorToken = loadStoredRoleDeviceToken("operator"),
       )
-    if (!connectOperator) {
+    if (operatorAuth == null) {
       operatorConnected = false
       operatorStatusText = "Offline"
       operatorSession.disconnect()
@@ -809,9 +826,9 @@ class NodeRuntime(
     } else {
       operatorSession.connect(
         endpoint,
-        auth.token,
-        auth.bootstrapToken,
-        auth.password,
+        operatorAuth.token,
+        operatorAuth.bootstrapToken,
+        operatorAuth.password,
         connectionManager.buildOperatorConnectOptions(),
         tls,
       )
@@ -824,7 +841,7 @@ class NodeRuntime(
       connectionManager.buildNodeConnectOptions(),
       tls,
     )
-    if (reconnect && connectOperator) {
+    if (reconnect && operatorAuth != null) {
       operatorSession.reconnect()
     }
     if (reconnect) {
@@ -922,8 +939,33 @@ class NodeRuntime(
     return deviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId, role)
   }
 
+  private fun maybeStartOperatorSessionAfterNodeConnect(
+    endpoint: GatewayEndpoint,
+    auth: GatewayConnectAuth,
+  ) {
+    if (operatorConnected || operatorStatusText == "Connecting…") {
+      return
+    }
+    val operatorAuth =
+      resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(
+        auth = auth,
+        storedOperatorToken = loadStoredRoleDeviceToken("operator"),
+      ) ?: return
+    operatorStatusText = "Connecting…"
+    updateStatus()
+    operatorSession.connect(
+      endpoint,
+      operatorAuth.token,
+      operatorAuth.bootstrapToken,
+      operatorAuth.password,
+      connectionManager.buildOperatorConnectOptions(),
+      connectionManager.resolveTlsParams(endpoint),
+    )
+  }
+
   fun disconnect() {
     connectedEndpoint = null
+    activeGatewayAuth = null
     _pendingGatewayTrust.value = null
     operatorSession.disconnect()
     nodeSession.disconnect()
@@ -1259,18 +1301,47 @@ class NodeRuntime(
 
 }
 
+internal fun resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(
+  auth: NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth,
+  storedOperatorToken: String?,
+): NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth? {
+  val explicitToken = auth.token?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+  if (explicitToken != null) {
+    return NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(
+      token = explicitToken,
+      bootstrapToken = null,
+      password = null,
+    )
+  }
+
+  val explicitPassword = auth.password?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+  if (explicitPassword != null) {
+    return NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(
+      token = null,
+      bootstrapToken = null,
+      password = explicitPassword,
+    )
+  }
+
+  val storedToken = storedOperatorToken?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+  if (storedToken != null) {
+    // Bootstrap can seed the operator token, but operator should reconnect
+    // through the stored device-token path rather than bootstrap auth itself.
+    return NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(
+      token = null,
+      bootstrapToken = null,
+      password = null,
+    )
+  }
+
+  return null
+}
+
 internal fun shouldConnectOperatorSession(
-  token: String?,
-  bootstrapToken: String?,
-  password: String?,
+  auth: NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth,
   storedOperatorToken: String?,
 ): Boolean {
-  return (
-    !token.isNullOrBlank() ||
-      !bootstrapToken.isNullOrBlank() ||
-      !password.isNullOrBlank() ||
-      !storedOperatorToken.isNullOrBlank()
-    )
+  return resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(auth, storedOperatorToken) != null
 }
 
 private enum class HomeCanvasGatewayState {

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/gateway/DeviceAuthStore.kt

@@ -1,32 +1,92 @@
 package ai.openclaw.app.gateway
 
 import ai.openclaw.app.SecurePrefs
+import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+import kotlinx.serialization.encodeToString
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+
+data class DeviceAuthEntry(
+  val token: String,
+  val role: String,
+  val scopes: List<String>,
+  val updatedAtMs: Long,
+)
+
+@Serializable
+private data class PersistedDeviceAuthMetadata(
+  val scopes: List<String> = emptyList(),
+  val updatedAtMs: Long = 0L,
+)
 
 interface DeviceAuthTokenStore {
-  fun loadToken(deviceId: String, role: String): String?
-  fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String)
+  fun loadEntry(deviceId: String, role: String): DeviceAuthEntry?
+  fun loadToken(deviceId: String, role: String): String? = loadEntry(deviceId, role)?.token
+  fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String, scopes: List<String> = emptyList())
   fun clearToken(deviceId: String, role: String)
 }
 
 class DeviceAuthStore(private val prefs: SecurePrefs) : DeviceAuthTokenStore {
-  override fun loadToken(deviceId: String, role: String): String? {
+  private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+
+  override fun loadEntry(deviceId: String, role: String): DeviceAuthEntry? {
     val key = tokenKey(deviceId, role)
-    return prefs.getString(key)?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+    val token = prefs.getString(key)?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() } ?: return null
+    val normalizedRole = normalizeRole(role)
+    val metadata =
+      prefs.getString(metadataKey(deviceId, role))
+        ?.let { raw ->
+          runCatching { json.decodeFromString<PersistedDeviceAuthMetadata>(raw) }.getOrNull()
+        }
+    return DeviceAuthEntry(
+      token = token,
+      role = normalizedRole,
+      scopes = metadata?.scopes ?: emptyList(),
+      updatedAtMs = metadata?.updatedAtMs ?: 0L,
+    )
   }
 
-  override fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String) {
+  override fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String, scopes: List<String>) {
+    val normalizedScopes = normalizeScopes(scopes)
     val key = tokenKey(deviceId, role)
     prefs.putString(key, token.trim())
+    prefs.putString(
+      metadataKey(deviceId, role),
+      json.encodeToString(
+        PersistedDeviceAuthMetadata(
+          scopes = normalizedScopes,
+          updatedAtMs = System.currentTimeMillis(),
+        ),
+      ),
+    )
   }
 
   override fun clearToken(deviceId: String, role: String) {
     val key = tokenKey(deviceId, role)
     prefs.remove(key)
+    prefs.remove(metadataKey(deviceId, role))
   }
 
   private fun tokenKey(deviceId: String, role: String): String {
-    val normalizedDevice = deviceId.trim().lowercase()
-    val normalizedRole = role.trim().lowercase()
+    val normalizedDevice = normalizeDeviceId(deviceId)
+    val normalizedRole = normalizeRole(role)
     return "gateway.deviceToken.$normalizedDevice.$normalizedRole"
   }
+
+  private fun metadataKey(deviceId: String, role: String): String {
+    val normalizedDevice = normalizeDeviceId(deviceId)
+    val normalizedRole = normalizeRole(role)
+    return "gateway.deviceTokenMeta.$normalizedDevice.$normalizedRole"
+  }
+
+  private fun normalizeDeviceId(deviceId: String): String = deviceId.trim().lowercase()
+
+  private fun normalizeRole(role: String): String = role.trim().lowercase()
+
+  private fun normalizeScopes(scopes: List<String>): List<String> {
+    return scopes
+      .map { it.trim() }
+      .filter { it.isNotEmpty() }
+      .distinct()
+      .sorted()
+  }
 }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/gateway/GatewaySession.kt

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ data class GatewayConnectErrorDetails(
   val code: String?,
   val canRetryWithDeviceToken: Boolean,
   val recommendedNextStep: String?,
+  val reason: String? = null,
 )
 
 private data class SelectedConnectAuth(
@@ -116,6 +117,8 @@ class GatewaySession(
     val details: GatewayConnectErrorDetails? = null,
   )
 
+  data class RpcResult(val ok: Boolean, val payloadJson: String?, val error: ErrorShape?)
+
   private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
   private val writeLock = Mutex()
   private val pending = ConcurrentHashMap<String, CompletableDeferred<RpcResponse>>()
@@ -196,6 +199,13 @@ class GatewaySession(
   }
 
   suspend fun request(method: String, paramsJson: String?, timeoutMs: Long = 15_000): String {
+    val res = requestDetailed(method = method, paramsJson = paramsJson, timeoutMs = timeoutMs)
+    if (res.ok) return res.payloadJson ?: ""
+    val err = res.error
+    throw IllegalStateException("${err?.code ?: "UNAVAILABLE"}: ${err?.message ?: "request failed"}")
+  }
+
+  suspend fun requestDetailed(method: String, paramsJson: String?, timeoutMs: Long = 15_000): RpcResult {
     val conn = currentConnection ?: throw IllegalStateException("not connected")
     val params =
       if (paramsJson.isNullOrBlank()) {
@@ -204,9 +214,7 @@ class GatewaySession(
         json.parseToJsonElement(paramsJson)
       }
     val res = conn.request(method, params, timeoutMs)
-    if (res.ok) return res.payloadJson ?: ""
-    val err = res.error
-    throw IllegalStateException("${err?.code ?: "UNAVAILABLE"}: ${err?.message ?: "request failed"}")
+    return RpcResult(ok = res.ok, payloadJson = res.payloadJson, error = res.error)
   }
 
   suspend fun refreshNodeCanvasCapability(timeoutMs: Long = 8_000): Boolean {
@@ -418,11 +426,63 @@ class GatewaySession(
         }
         throw GatewayConnectFailure(error)
       }
-      handleConnectSuccess(res, identity.deviceId)
+      handleConnectSuccess(res, identity.deviceId, selectedAuth.authSource)
       connectDeferred.complete(Unit)
     }
 
-    private fun handleConnectSuccess(res: RpcResponse, deviceId: String) {
+    private fun shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens(authSource: GatewayConnectAuthSource): Boolean {
+      if (authSource != GatewayConnectAuthSource.BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN) return false
+      if (isLoopbackGatewayHost(endpoint.host)) return true
+      return tls != null
+    }
+
+    private fun filteredBootstrapHandoffScopes(role: String, scopes: List<String>): List<String>? {
+      return when (role.trim()) {
+        "node" -> emptyList()
+        "operator" -> {
+          val allowedOperatorScopes =
+            setOf(
+              "operator.approvals",
+              "operator.read",
+              "operator.talk.secrets",
+              "operator.write",
+            )
+          scopes.filter { allowedOperatorScopes.contains(it) }.distinct().sorted()
+        }
+        else -> null
+      }
+    }
+
+    private fun persistBootstrapHandoffToken(
+      deviceId: String,
+      role: String,
+      token: String,
+      scopes: List<String>,
+    ) {
+      val filteredScopes = filteredBootstrapHandoffScopes(role, scopes) ?: return
+      deviceAuthStore.saveToken(deviceId, role, token, filteredScopes)
+    }
+
+    private fun persistIssuedDeviceToken(
+      authSource: GatewayConnectAuthSource,
+      deviceId: String,
+      role: String,
+      token: String,
+      scopes: List<String>,
+    ) {
+      if (authSource == GatewayConnectAuthSource.BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN) {
+        if (!shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens(authSource)) return
+        persistBootstrapHandoffToken(deviceId, role, token, scopes)
+        return
+      }
+      deviceAuthStore.saveToken(deviceId, role, token, scopes)
+    }
+
+    private fun handleConnectSuccess(
+      res: RpcResponse,
+      deviceId: String,
+      authSource: GatewayConnectAuthSource,
+    ) {
       val payloadJson = res.payloadJson ?: throw IllegalStateException("connect failed: missing payload")
       val obj = json.parseToJsonElement(payloadJson).asObjectOrNull() ?: throw IllegalStateException("connect failed")
       pendingDeviceTokenRetry = false
@@ -432,8 +492,27 @@ class GatewaySession(
       val authObj = obj["auth"].asObjectOrNull()
       val deviceToken = authObj?.get("deviceToken").asStringOrNull()
       val authRole = authObj?.get("role").asStringOrNull() ?: options.role
+      val authScopes =
+        authObj?.get("scopes").asArrayOrNull()
+          ?.mapNotNull { it.asStringOrNull() }
+          ?: emptyList()
       if (!deviceToken.isNullOrBlank()) {
-        deviceAuthStore.saveToken(deviceId, authRole, deviceToken)
+        persistIssuedDeviceToken(authSource, deviceId, authRole, deviceToken, authScopes)
+      }
+      if (shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens(authSource)) {
+        authObj?.get("deviceTokens").asArrayOrNull()
+          ?.mapNotNull { it.asObjectOrNull() }
+          ?.forEach { tokenEntry ->
+            val handoffToken = tokenEntry["deviceToken"].asStringOrNull()
+            val handoffRole = tokenEntry["role"].asStringOrNull()
+            val handoffScopes =
+              tokenEntry["scopes"].asArrayOrNull()
+                ?.mapNotNull { it.asStringOrNull() }
+                ?: emptyList()
+            if (!handoffToken.isNullOrBlank() && !handoffRole.isNullOrBlank()) {
+              persistBootstrapHandoffToken(deviceId, handoffRole, handoffToken, handoffScopes)
+            }
+          }
       }
       val rawCanvas = obj["canvasHostUrl"].asStringOrNull()
       canvasHostUrl = normalizeCanvasHostUrl(rawCanvas, endpoint, isTlsConnection = tls != null)
@@ -560,6 +639,7 @@ class GatewaySession(
                 code = it["code"].asStringOrNull(),
                 canRetryWithDeviceToken = it["canRetryWithDeviceToken"].asBooleanOrNull() == true,
                 recommendedNextStep = it["recommendedNextStep"].asStringOrNull(),
+                reason = it["reason"].asStringOrNull(),
               )
             }
           ErrorShape(code, msg, details)
@@ -899,6 +979,8 @@ private fun formatGatewayAuthorityHost(host: String): String {
 
 private fun JsonElement?.asObjectOrNull(): JsonObject? = this as? JsonObject
 
+private fun JsonElement?.asArrayOrNull(): JsonArray? = this as? JsonArray
+
 private fun JsonElement?.asStringOrNull(): String? =
   when (this) {
     is JsonNull -> null

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/CanvasActionTrust.kt

@@ -14,30 +14,31 @@ object CanvasActionTrust {
     if (candidateUri.scheme.equals("file", ignoreCase = true)) {
       return false
     }
+    val normalizedCandidate = normalizeTrustedRemoteA2uiUri(candidateUri) ?: return false
 
     return trustedA2uiUrls.any { trusted ->
-      isTrustedA2uiPage(candidateUri, trusted)
+      matchesTrustedRemoteA2uiUrlExact(normalizedCandidate, trusted)
     }
   }
 
-  private fun isTrustedA2uiPage(candidateUri: URI, trustedUrl: String): Boolean {
+  private fun matchesTrustedRemoteA2uiUrlExact(candidateUri: URI, trustedUrl: String): Boolean {
     val trustedUri = parseUri(trustedUrl) ?: return false
-    if (!candidateUri.scheme.equals(trustedUri.scheme, ignoreCase = true)) return false
-    if (candidateUri.host?.equals(trustedUri.host, ignoreCase = true) != true) return false
-    if (effectivePort(candidateUri) != effectivePort(trustedUri)) return false
-
-    val trustedPath = trustedUri.rawPath?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() } ?: return false
-    val candidatePath = candidateUri.rawPath?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() } ?: return false
-    val trustedPrefix = if (trustedPath.endsWith("/")) trustedPath else "$trustedPath/"
-    return candidatePath == trustedPath || candidatePath.startsWith(trustedPrefix)
+    val normalizedTrusted = normalizeTrustedRemoteA2uiUri(trustedUri) ?: return false
+    return candidateUri == normalizedTrusted
   }
 
-  private fun effectivePort(uri: URI): Int {
-    if (uri.port >= 0) return uri.port
-    return when (uri.scheme?.lowercase()) {
-      "https" -> 443
-      "http" -> 80
-      else -> -1
+  private fun normalizeTrustedRemoteA2uiUri(uri: URI): URI? {
+    // Keep Android trust normalization aligned with iOS ScreenController:
+    // exact remote URL match, scheme/host normalized, fragment ignored.
+    val scheme = uri.scheme?.lowercase() ?: return null
+    if (scheme != "http" && scheme != "https") return null
+
+    val host = uri.host?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }?.lowercase() ?: return null
+
+    return try {
+      URI(scheme, uri.userInfo, host, uri.port, uri.rawPath, uri.rawQuery, null)
+    } catch (_: Throwable) {
+      null
     }
   }
 

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/ConnectionManager.kt

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewayClientInfo
 import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewayConnectOptions
 import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewayEndpoint
 import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewayTlsParams
-import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.isLoopbackGatewayHost
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.isPrivateLanGatewayHost
 import ai.openclaw.app.LocationMode
 import ai.openclaw.app.VoiceWakeMode
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class ConnectionManager(
       val stableId = endpoint.stableId
       val stored = storedFingerprint?.trim().takeIf { !it.isNullOrEmpty() }
       val isManual = stableId.startsWith("manual|")
-      val cleartextAllowedHost = isLoopbackGatewayHost(endpoint.host)
+      val cleartextAllowedHost = isPrivateLanGatewayHost(endpoint.host)
 
       if (isManual) {
         if (!manualTlsEnabled && cleartextAllowedHost) return null

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/CanvasScreen.kt

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ private fun disableForceDarkIfSupported(settings: WebSettings) {
   WebSettingsCompat.setForceDark(settings, WebSettingsCompat.FORCE_DARK_OFF)
 }
 
-private class CanvasA2UIActionBridge(
+internal class CanvasA2UIActionBridge(
   private val isTrustedPage: () -> Boolean,
   private val onMessage: (String) -> Unit,
 ) {

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/GatewayConfigResolver.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package ai.openclaw.app.ui
 
-import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.isLoopbackGatewayHost
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.isPrivateLanGatewayHost
 import java.util.Base64
 import java.util.Locale
 import java.net.URI
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ internal data class GatewayScannedSetupCodeResult(
 
 private val gatewaySetupJson = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
 private const val remoteGatewaySecurityRule =
-  "Non-loopback mobile nodes require wss:// or Tailscale Serve. ws:// is allowed only for localhost and the Android emulator."
+  "Tailscale and public mobile nodes require wss:// or Tailscale Serve. ws:// is allowed for private LAN, localhost, and the Android emulator."
 private const val remoteGatewaySecurityFix =
   "Use a private LAN host/address, or enable Tailscale Serve / expose a wss:// gateway URL."
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ internal fun parseGatewayEndpoint(rawInput: String): GatewayEndpointConfig? {
       "wss", "https" -> true
       else -> true
     }
-  if (!tls && !isLoopbackGatewayHost(host)) {
+  if (!tls && !isPrivateLanGatewayHost(host)) {
     return GatewayEndpointParseResult(error = GatewayEndpointValidationError.INSECURE_REMOTE_URL)
   }
   val defaultPort =

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/MicCaptureManager.kt

@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@ import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import java.util.UUID
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonArray
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.JsonObject
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   val isSending: StateFlow<Boolean> = _isSending
 
   private val messageQueue = ArrayDeque<String>()
+  private val messageQueueLock = Any()
   private var flushedPartialTranscript: String? = null
   private var pendingRunId: String? = null
   private var pendingAssistantEntryId: String? = null
@@ -99,11 +102,63 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   private var transcriptFlushJob: Job? = null
   private var pendingRunTimeoutJob: Job? = null
   private var stopRequested = false
+  private val ttsPauseLock = Any()
+  private var ttsPauseDepth = 0
+  private var resumeMicAfterTts = false
+
+  private fun enqueueMessage(message: String) {
+    synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      messageQueue.addLast(message)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun snapshotMessageQueue(): List<String> {
+    return synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      messageQueue.toList()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun hasQueuedMessages(): Boolean {
+    return synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      messageQueue.isNotEmpty()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun firstQueuedMessage(): String? {
+    return synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      messageQueue.firstOrNull()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun removeFirstQueuedMessage(): String? {
+    return synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      if (messageQueue.isEmpty()) null else messageQueue.removeFirst()
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun queuedMessageCount(): Int {
+    return synchronized(messageQueueLock) {
+      messageQueue.size
+    }
+  }
 
   fun setMicEnabled(enabled: Boolean) {
     if (_micEnabled.value == enabled) return
     _micEnabled.value = enabled
     if (enabled) {
+      val pausedForTts =
+        synchronized(ttsPauseLock) {
+          if (ttsPauseDepth > 0) {
+            resumeMicAfterTts = true
+            true
+          } else {
+            false
+          }
+        }
+      if (pausedForTts) {
+        _statusText.value = if (_isSending.value) "Speaking · waiting for reply" else "Speaking…"
+        return
+      }
       start()
       sendQueuedIfIdle()
     } else {
@@ -126,6 +181,58 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
     }
   }
 
+  suspend fun pauseForTts() {
+    val shouldPause =
+      synchronized(ttsPauseLock) {
+        ttsPauseDepth += 1
+        if (ttsPauseDepth > 1) return@synchronized false
+        resumeMicAfterTts = _micEnabled.value
+        val active = resumeMicAfterTts || recognizer != null || _isListening.value
+        if (!active) return@synchronized false
+        stopRequested = true
+        restartJob?.cancel()
+        restartJob = null
+        transcriptFlushJob?.cancel()
+        transcriptFlushJob = null
+        _isListening.value = false
+        _inputLevel.value = 0f
+        _liveTranscript.value = null
+        _statusText.value = if (_isSending.value) "Speaking · waiting for reply" else "Speaking…"
+        true
+      }
+    if (!shouldPause) return
+    withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+      recognizer?.cancel()
+      recognizer?.destroy()
+      recognizer = null
+    }
+  }
+
+  suspend fun resumeAfterTts() {
+    val shouldResume =
+      synchronized(ttsPauseLock) {
+        if (ttsPauseDepth == 0) return@synchronized false
+        ttsPauseDepth -= 1
+        if (ttsPauseDepth > 0) return@synchronized false
+        val resume = resumeMicAfterTts && _micEnabled.value
+        resumeMicAfterTts = false
+        if (!resume) {
+          _statusText.value =
+            when {
+              _micEnabled.value && _isSending.value -> "Listening · sending queued voice"
+              _micEnabled.value -> "Listening"
+              _isSending.value -> "Mic off · sending…"
+              else -> "Mic off"
+            }
+        }
+        resume
+      }
+    if (!shouldResume) return
+    stopRequested = false
+    start()
+    sendQueuedIfIdle()
+  }
+
   fun onGatewayConnectionChanged(connected: Boolean) {
     gatewayConnected = connected
     if (connected) {
@@ -137,7 +244,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
     pendingRunId = null
     pendingAssistantEntryId = null
     _isSending.value = false
-    if (messageQueue.isNotEmpty()) {
+    if (hasQueuedMessages()) {
       _statusText.value = queuedWaitingStatus()
     }
   }
@@ -245,7 +352,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
     _statusText.value =
       when {
         _isSending.value -> "Listening · sending queued voice"
-        messageQueue.isNotEmpty() -> "Listening · ${messageQueue.size} queued"
+        hasQueuedMessages() -> "Listening · ${queuedMessageCount()} queued"
         else -> "Listening"
       }
     _isListening.value = true
@@ -278,7 +385,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
       role = VoiceConversationRole.User,
       text = message,
     )
-    messageQueue.addLast(message)
+    enqueueMessage(message)
     publishQueue()
   }
 
@@ -297,12 +404,12 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   }
 
   private fun publishQueue() {
-    _queuedMessages.value = messageQueue.toList()
+    _queuedMessages.value = snapshotMessageQueue()
   }
 
   private fun sendQueuedIfIdle() {
     if (_isSending.value) return
-    if (messageQueue.isEmpty()) {
+    if (!hasQueuedMessages()) {
       if (_micEnabled.value) {
         _statusText.value = "Listening"
       } else {
@@ -315,7 +422,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
       return
     }
 
-    val next = messageQueue.first()
+    val next = firstQueuedMessage() ?: return
     _isSending.value = true
     pendingRunTimeoutJob?.cancel()
     pendingRunTimeoutJob = null
@@ -333,7 +440,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
         if (runId == null) {
           pendingRunTimeoutJob?.cancel()
           pendingRunTimeoutJob = null
-          messageQueue.removeFirst()
+          removeFirstQueuedMessage()
           publishQueue()
           _isSending.value = false
           pendingAssistantEntryId = null
@@ -379,8 +486,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   private fun completePendingTurn() {
     pendingRunTimeoutJob?.cancel()
     pendingRunTimeoutJob = null
-    if (messageQueue.isNotEmpty()) {
-      messageQueue.removeFirst()
+    if (removeFirstQueuedMessage() != null) {
       publishQueue()
     }
     pendingRunId = null
@@ -390,7 +496,7 @@ class MicCaptureManager(
   }
 
   private fun queuedWaitingStatus(): String {
-    return "${messageQueue.size} queued · waiting for gateway"
+    return "${queuedMessageCount()} queued · waiting for gateway"
   }
 
   private fun appendConversation(

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkAudioPlayer.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.voice
+
+import android.content.Context
+import android.media.AudioAttributes
+import android.media.AudioFormat
+import android.media.AudioTrack
+import android.media.MediaPlayer
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
+import java.io.File
+
+internal class TalkAudioPlayer(
+  private val context: Context,
+) {
+  private val lock = Any()
+  private var active: ActivePlayback? = null
+
+  suspend fun play(audio: TalkSpeakAudio) {
+    when (val mode = resolvePlaybackMode(audio)) {
+      is TalkPlaybackMode.Pcm -> playPcm(audio.bytes, mode.sampleRate)
+      is TalkPlaybackMode.Compressed -> playCompressed(audio.bytes, mode.fileExtension)
+    }
+  }
+
+  fun stop() {
+    synchronized(lock) {
+      active?.cancel()
+      active = null
+    }
+  }
+
+  internal fun resolvePlaybackMode(audio: TalkSpeakAudio): TalkPlaybackMode {
+    return resolvePlaybackMode(
+      outputFormat = audio.outputFormat,
+      mimeType = audio.mimeType,
+      fileExtension = audio.fileExtension,
+    )
+  }
+
+  companion object {
+    internal fun resolvePlaybackMode(
+      outputFormat: String?,
+      mimeType: String?,
+      fileExtension: String?,
+    ): TalkPlaybackMode {
+      val normalizedOutputFormat = outputFormat?.trim()?.lowercase()
+      if (normalizedOutputFormat != null) {
+        val pcmSampleRate = parsePcmSampleRate(normalizedOutputFormat)
+        if (pcmSampleRate != null) {
+          return TalkPlaybackMode.Pcm(sampleRate = pcmSampleRate)
+        }
+      }
+      val normalizedMimeType = mimeType?.trim()?.lowercase()
+      val extension =
+        normalizeExtension(
+          fileExtension ?: inferExtension(outputFormat = normalizedOutputFormat, mimeType = normalizedMimeType),
+        )
+      if (extension != null) {
+        return TalkPlaybackMode.Compressed(fileExtension = extension)
+      }
+      throw IllegalStateException("Unsupported talk audio format")
+    }
+
+    private fun parsePcmSampleRate(outputFormat: String): Int? {
+      return when (outputFormat) {
+        "pcm_16000" -> 16_000
+        "pcm_22050" -> 22_050
+        "pcm_24000" -> 24_000
+        "pcm_44100" -> 44_100
+        else -> null
+      }
+    }
+
+    private fun inferExtension(outputFormat: String?, mimeType: String?): String? {
+      return when {
+        outputFormat == "mp3" || outputFormat?.startsWith("mp3_") == true || mimeType == "audio/mpeg" -> ".mp3"
+        outputFormat == "opus" || outputFormat?.startsWith("opus_") == true || mimeType == "audio/ogg" -> ".ogg"
+        outputFormat?.endsWith("-wav") == true || mimeType == "audio/wav" -> ".wav"
+        outputFormat?.endsWith("-webm") == true || mimeType == "audio/webm" -> ".webm"
+        else -> null
+      }
+    }
+
+    private fun normalizeExtension(value: String?): String? {
+      val trimmed = value?.trim()?.lowercase().orEmpty()
+      if (trimmed.isEmpty()) return null
+      return if (trimmed.startsWith(".")) trimmed else ".$trimmed"
+    }
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun playPcm(bytes: ByteArray, sampleRate: Int) {
+    withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+      val minBufferSize =
+        AudioTrack.getMinBufferSize(
+          sampleRate,
+          AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO,
+          AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT,
+        )
+      if (minBufferSize <= 0) {
+        throw IllegalStateException("AudioTrack buffer unavailable")
+      }
+      val track =
+        AudioTrack.Builder()
+          .setAudioAttributes(
+            AudioAttributes.Builder()
+              .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA)
+              .setContentType(AudioAttributes.CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH)
+              .build(),
+          )
+          .setAudioFormat(
+            AudioFormat.Builder()
+              .setEncoding(AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT)
+              .setSampleRate(sampleRate)
+              .setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO)
+              .build(),
+          )
+          .setTransferMode(AudioTrack.MODE_STATIC)
+          .setBufferSizeInBytes(maxOf(minBufferSize, bytes.size))
+          .build()
+      val finished = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+      val playback =
+        ActivePlayback(
+          cancel = {
+            finished.completeExceptionally(CancellationException("assistant speech cancelled"))
+            runCatching { track.pause() }
+            runCatching { track.flush() }
+            runCatching { track.stop() }
+          },
+        )
+      register(playback)
+      try {
+        val written = track.write(bytes, 0, bytes.size)
+        if (written != bytes.size) {
+          throw IllegalStateException("AudioTrack write failed")
+        }
+        val totalFrames = bytes.size / 2
+        track.play()
+        while (track.playState == AudioTrack.PLAYSTATE_PLAYING) {
+          if (track.playbackHeadPosition >= totalFrames) {
+            finished.complete(Unit)
+            break
+          }
+          delay(20)
+        }
+        if (!finished.isCompleted) {
+          finished.complete(Unit)
+        }
+        finished.await()
+      } finally {
+        clear(playback)
+        runCatching { track.pause() }
+        runCatching { track.flush() }
+        runCatching { track.stop() }
+        track.release()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun playCompressed(bytes: ByteArray, fileExtension: String) {
+    val tempFile = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+      File.createTempFile("talk-audio-", fileExtension, context.cacheDir).apply {
+        writeBytes(bytes)
+      }
+    }
+    try {
+      val finished = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+      val player =
+        withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+          MediaPlayer().apply {
+            setAudioAttributes(
+              AudioAttributes.Builder()
+                .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA)
+                .setContentType(AudioAttributes.CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH)
+                .build(),
+            )
+            setDataSource(tempFile.absolutePath)
+            setOnCompletionListener {
+              finished.complete(Unit)
+            }
+            setOnErrorListener { _, what, extra ->
+              finished.completeExceptionally(IllegalStateException("MediaPlayer error ($what/$extra)"))
+              true
+            }
+            prepare()
+          }
+        }
+      val playback =
+        ActivePlayback(
+          cancel = {
+            finished.completeExceptionally(CancellationException("assistant speech cancelled"))
+            runCatching { player.stop() }
+          },
+        )
+      register(playback)
+      try {
+        withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+          player.start()
+        }
+        finished.await()
+      } finally {
+        clear(playback)
+        withContext(Dispatchers.Main) {
+          runCatching { player.stop() }
+          player.release()
+        }
+      }
+    } finally {
+      withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+        tempFile.delete()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun register(playback: ActivePlayback) {
+    synchronized(lock) {
+      active?.cancel()
+      active = playback
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun clear(playback: ActivePlayback) {
+    synchronized(lock) {
+      if (active === playback) {
+        active = null
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+}
+
+internal sealed interface TalkPlaybackMode {
+  data class Pcm(val sampleRate: Int) : TalkPlaybackMode
+
+  data class Compressed(val fileExtension: String) : TalkPlaybackMode
+}
+
+private class ActivePlayback(
+  val cancel: () -> Unit,
+)

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkModeManager.kt

@@ -14,19 +14,21 @@ import android.os.SystemClock
 import android.speech.RecognitionListener
 import android.speech.RecognizerIntent
 import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer
-import android.util.Log
 import android.speech.tts.TextToSpeech
 import android.speech.tts.UtteranceProgressListener
+import android.util.Log
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewaySession
 import java.util.Locale
 import java.util.UUID
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong
+import kotlin.coroutines.coroutineContext
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.NonCancellable
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.ensureActive
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
@@ -46,6 +48,8 @@ class TalkModeManager(
   private val session: GatewaySession,
   private val supportsChatSubscribe: Boolean,
   private val isConnected: () -> Boolean,
+  private val onBeforeSpeak: suspend () -> Unit = {},
+  private val onAfterSpeak: suspend () -> Unit = {},
 ) {
   companion object {
     private const val tag = "TalkMode"
@@ -57,6 +61,8 @@ class TalkModeManager(
 
   private val mainHandler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
   private val json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true }
+  private val talkSpeakClient = TalkSpeakClient(session = session, json = json)
+  private val talkAudioPlayer = TalkAudioPlayer(context)
 
   private val _isEnabled = MutableStateFlow(false)
   val isEnabled: StateFlow<Boolean> = _isEnabled
@@ -101,6 +107,7 @@ class TalkModeManager(
   private val playbackGeneration = AtomicLong(0L)
 
   private var ttsJob: Job? = null
+  private val ttsJobLock = Any()
   private val ttsLock = Any()
   private var textToSpeech: TextToSpeech? = null
   private var textToSpeechInit: CompletableDeferred<TextToSpeech>? = null
@@ -163,8 +170,11 @@ class TalkModeManager(
           ?: waitForAssistantText(session, startedAt, if (ok) 12_000 else 25_000)
         if (!assistant.isNullOrBlank()) {
           val playbackToken = playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
+          cancelActivePlayback()
           _statusText.value = "Speaking…"
-          playAssistant(assistant, playbackToken)
+          runPlaybackSession(playbackToken) {
+            playAssistant(assistant, playbackToken)
+          }
         } else {
           _statusText.value = "No reply"
         }
@@ -180,14 +190,12 @@ class TalkModeManager(
 
   fun playTtsForText(text: String) {
     val playbackToken = playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
-    ttsJob?.cancel()
-    ttsJob = scope.launch {
+    cancelActivePlayback()
+    scope.launch {
       reloadConfig()
-      ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
-      _isSpeaking.value = true
-      _statusText.value = "Speaking…"
-      playAssistant(text, playbackToken)
-      ttsJob = null
+      runPlaybackSession(playbackToken) {
+        playAssistant(text, playbackToken)
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -258,7 +266,6 @@ class TalkModeManager(
     if (playbackEnabled == enabled) return
     playbackEnabled = enabled
     if (!enabled) {
-      playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
       stopSpeaking()
     }
   }
@@ -270,10 +277,11 @@ class TalkModeManager(
   suspend fun speakAssistantReply(text: String) {
     if (!playbackEnabled) return
     val playbackToken = playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
-    stopSpeaking(resetInterrupt = false)
+    cancelActivePlayback()
     ensureConfigLoaded()
-    ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
-    playAssistant(text, playbackToken)
+    runPlaybackSession(playbackToken) {
+      playAssistant(text, playbackToken)
+    }
   }
 
   private fun start() {
@@ -483,9 +491,10 @@ class TalkModeManager(
       }
       Log.d(tag, "assistant text ok chars=${assistant.length}")
       val playbackToken = playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
-      stopSpeaking(resetInterrupt = false)
-      ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
-      playAssistant(assistant, playbackToken)
+      cancelActivePlayback()
+      runPlaybackSession(playbackToken) {
+        playAssistant(assistant, playbackToken)
+      }
     } catch (err: Throwable) {
       if (err is CancellationException) {
         Log.d(tag, "finalize speech cancelled")
@@ -655,22 +664,87 @@ class TalkModeManager(
     requestAudioFocusForTts()
 
     try {
-      val ttsStarted = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
-      speakWithSystemTts(cleaned, directive, playbackToken)
-      Log.d(tag, "system tts ok durMs=${SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - ttsStarted}")
+      val started = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()
+      when (val result = talkSpeakClient.synthesize(text = cleaned, directive = directive)) {
+        is TalkSpeakResult.Success -> {
+          ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
+          talkAudioPlayer.play(result.audio)
+          ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
+          Log.d(tag, "talk.speak ok durMs=${SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - started}")
+        }
+        is TalkSpeakResult.FallbackToLocal -> {
+          Log.d(tag, "talk.speak unavailable; using local TTS: ${result.message}")
+          speakWithSystemTts(cleaned, directive, playbackToken)
+          Log.d(tag, "system tts ok durMs=${SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - started}")
+        }
+        is TalkSpeakResult.Failure -> {
+          throw IllegalStateException(result.message)
+        }
+      }
     } catch (err: Throwable) {
       if (isPlaybackCancelled(err, playbackToken)) {
         Log.d(tag, "assistant speech cancelled")
         return
       }
       _statusText.value = "Speak failed: ${err.message ?: err::class.simpleName}"
-      Log.w(tag, "system tts failed: ${err.message ?: err::class.simpleName}")
+      Log.w(tag, "talk playback failed: ${err.message ?: err::class.simpleName}")
     } finally {
-
       _isSpeaking.value = false
     }
   }
 
+  private suspend fun runPlaybackSession(
+    playbackToken: Long,
+    block: suspend () -> Unit,
+  ) {
+    val currentJob = coroutineContext[Job]
+    var shouldResumeAfterSpeak = false
+    try {
+      val claimedPlayback =
+        synchronized(ttsJobLock) {
+          if (!playbackEnabled || playbackToken != playbackGeneration.get()) {
+            false
+          } else {
+            ttsJob = currentJob
+            true
+          }
+        }
+      if (!claimedPlayback) {
+        ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
+        return
+      }
+      ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
+      shouldResumeAfterSpeak = true
+      onBeforeSpeak()
+      ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
+      _isSpeaking.value = true
+      _statusText.value = "Speaking…"
+      block()
+    } finally {
+      synchronized(ttsJobLock) {
+        if (ttsJob === currentJob) {
+          ttsJob = null
+        }
+      }
+      _isSpeaking.value = false
+      if (shouldResumeAfterSpeak) {
+        withContext(NonCancellable) {
+          onAfterSpeak()
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun cancelActivePlayback() {
+    val activeJob =
+      synchronized(ttsJobLock) {
+        ttsJob
+      }
+    activeJob?.cancel()
+    talkAudioPlayer.stop()
+    stopTextToSpeechPlayback()
+  }
+
   private suspend fun speakWithSystemTts(text: String, directive: TalkDirective?, playbackToken: Long) {
     ensurePlaybackActive(playbackToken)
     val engine = ensureTextToSpeech()
@@ -755,15 +829,16 @@ class TalkModeManager(
   }
 
   private fun stopSpeaking(resetInterrupt: Boolean = true) {
+    playbackGeneration.incrementAndGet()
     if (!_isSpeaking.value) {
-      stopTextToSpeechPlayback()
+      cancelActivePlayback()
       abandonAudioFocus()
       return
     }
     if (resetInterrupt) {
       lastInterruptedAtSeconds = null
     }
-    stopTextToSpeechPlayback()
+    cancelActivePlayback()
     _isSpeaking.value = false
     abandonAudioFocus()
   }

apps/android/app/src/main/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkSpeakClient.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.voice
+
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewaySession
+import kotlinx.serialization.Serializable
+import kotlinx.serialization.encodeToString
+import kotlinx.serialization.json.Json
+
+internal data class TalkSpeakAudio(
+  val bytes: ByteArray,
+  val provider: String,
+  val outputFormat: String?,
+  val voiceCompatible: Boolean?,
+  val mimeType: String?,
+  val fileExtension: String?,
+)
+
+internal sealed interface TalkSpeakResult {
+  data class Success(val audio: TalkSpeakAudio) : TalkSpeakResult
+
+  data class FallbackToLocal(val message: String) : TalkSpeakResult
+
+  data class Failure(val message: String) : TalkSpeakResult
+}
+
+internal class TalkSpeakClient(
+  private val session: GatewaySession? = null,
+  private val json: Json = Json { ignoreUnknownKeys = true },
+  private val requestDetailed: (suspend (String, String, Long) -> GatewaySession.RpcResult)? = null,
+) {
+  suspend fun synthesize(text: String, directive: TalkDirective?): TalkSpeakResult {
+    val response =
+      try {
+        performRequest(
+          method = "talk.speak",
+          paramsJson = json.encodeToString(TalkSpeakRequest.from(text = text, directive = directive)),
+          timeoutMs = 45_000,
+        )
+      } catch (err: Throwable) {
+        return TalkSpeakResult.Failure(err.message ?: "talk.speak request failed")
+      }
+    if (!response.ok) {
+      val error = response.error
+      val message = error?.message ?: "talk.speak request failed"
+      return if (isFallbackEligible(error)) {
+        TalkSpeakResult.FallbackToLocal(message)
+      } else {
+        TalkSpeakResult.Failure(message)
+      }
+    }
+    val payload =
+      try {
+        json.decodeFromString<TalkSpeakResponse>(response.payloadJson ?: "")
+      } catch (err: Throwable) {
+        return TalkSpeakResult.Failure(err.message ?: "talk.speak payload invalid")
+      }
+    val bytes =
+      try {
+        android.util.Base64.decode(payload.audioBase64, android.util.Base64.DEFAULT)
+      } catch (err: Throwable) {
+        return TalkSpeakResult.Failure(err.message ?: "talk.speak audio decode failed")
+      }
+    if (bytes.isEmpty()) {
+      return TalkSpeakResult.Failure("talk.speak returned empty audio")
+    }
+    return TalkSpeakResult.Success(
+      TalkSpeakAudio(
+        bytes = bytes,
+        provider = payload.provider,
+        outputFormat = payload.outputFormat,
+        voiceCompatible = payload.voiceCompatible,
+        mimeType = payload.mimeType,
+        fileExtension = payload.fileExtension,
+      ),
+    )
+  }
+
+  private fun isFallbackEligible(error: GatewaySession.ErrorShape?): Boolean {
+    val reason = error?.details?.reason
+    if (reason == null) return true
+    return reason == "talk_unconfigured" ||
+      reason == "talk_provider_unsupported" ||
+      reason == "method_unavailable"
+  }
+
+  private suspend fun performRequest(
+    method: String,
+    paramsJson: String,
+    timeoutMs: Long,
+  ): GatewaySession.RpcResult {
+    requestDetailed?.let { return it(method, paramsJson, timeoutMs) }
+    val activeSession = session ?: throw IllegalStateException("session missing")
+    return activeSession.requestDetailed(method = method, paramsJson = paramsJson, timeoutMs = timeoutMs)
+  }
+}
+
+@Serializable
+internal data class TalkSpeakRequest(
+  val text: String,
+  val voiceId: String? = null,
+  val modelId: String? = null,
+  val outputFormat: String? = null,
+  val speed: Double? = null,
+  val rateWpm: Int? = null,
+  val stability: Double? = null,
+  val similarity: Double? = null,
+  val style: Double? = null,
+  val speakerBoost: Boolean? = null,
+  val seed: Long? = null,
+  val normalize: String? = null,
+  val language: String? = null,
+  val latencyTier: Int? = null,
+) {
+  companion object {
+    fun from(text: String, directive: TalkDirective?): TalkSpeakRequest {
+      return TalkSpeakRequest(
+        text = text,
+        voiceId = directive?.voiceId,
+        modelId = directive?.modelId,
+        outputFormat = directive?.outputFormat,
+        speed = directive?.speed,
+        rateWpm = directive?.rateWpm,
+        stability = directive?.stability,
+        similarity = directive?.similarity,
+        style = directive?.style,
+        speakerBoost = directive?.speakerBoost,
+        seed = directive?.seed,
+        normalize = directive?.normalize,
+        language = directive?.language,
+        latencyTier = directive?.latencyTier,
+      )
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+@Serializable
+private data class TalkSpeakResponse(
+  val audioBase64: String,
+  val provider: String,
+  val outputFormat: String? = null,
+  val voiceCompatible: Boolean? = null,
+  val mimeType: String? = null,
+  val fileExtension: String? = null,
+)

apps/android/app/src/main/res/xml/shortcuts.xml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
             <parameter
                 android:name="prompt"
                 android:key="prompt"
-                android:mimeType="text/*"
+                android:mimeType="https://schema.org/Text"
                 android:required="true" />
         </intent>
     </capability>

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/GatewayBootstrapAuthTest.kt

@@ -21,17 +21,72 @@ import java.util.UUID
 @Config(sdk = [34])
 class GatewayBootstrapAuthTest {
   @Test
-  fun connectsOperatorSessionWhenBootstrapAuthExists() {
-    assertTrue(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = "", bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = "", storedOperatorToken = ""))
-    assertTrue(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null, storedOperatorToken = null))
+  fun skipsOperatorSessionWhenOnlyBootstrapAuthExists() {
+    assertFalse(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = "", bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = ""),
+        storedOperatorToken = "",
+      ),
+    )
+    assertFalse(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null),
+        storedOperatorToken = null,
+      ),
+    )
   }
 
   @Test
-  fun skipsOperatorSessionOnlyWhenNoSharedBootstrapOrStoredAuthExists() {
-    assertTrue(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = "shared-token", bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null, storedOperatorToken = null))
-    assertTrue(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = "shared-password", storedOperatorToken = null))
-    assertTrue(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = null, bootstrapToken = null, password = null, storedOperatorToken = "stored-token"))
-    assertFalse(shouldConnectOperatorSession(token = null, bootstrapToken = "", password = null, storedOperatorToken = null))
+  fun connectsOperatorSessionWhenSharedPasswordOrStoredAuthExists() {
+    assertTrue(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = "shared-token", bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null),
+        storedOperatorToken = null,
+      ),
+    )
+    assertTrue(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = "shared-password"),
+        storedOperatorToken = null,
+      ),
+    )
+    assertTrue(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null),
+        storedOperatorToken = "stored-token",
+      ),
+    )
+    assertFalse(
+      shouldConnectOperatorSession(
+        NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = "", password = null),
+        storedOperatorToken = null,
+      ),
+    )
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuthUsesStoredTokenPathAfterBootstrapHandoff() {
+    val resolved =
+      resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(
+        auth = NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = null),
+        storedOperatorToken = "stored-token",
+      )
+
+    assertEquals(NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = null, bootstrapToken = null, password = null), resolved)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuthPrefersExplicitSharedAuth() {
+    val resolved =
+      resolveOperatorSessionConnectAuth(
+        auth = NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = "shared-token", bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-1", password = "shared-password"),
+        storedOperatorToken = "stored-token",
+      )
+
+    assertEquals(
+      NodeRuntime.GatewayConnectAuth(token = "shared-token", bootstrapToken = null, password = null),
+      resolved,
+    )
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -97,7 +152,7 @@ class GatewayBootstrapAuthTest {
 
       assertEquals("fp-1", prefs.loadGatewayTlsFingerprint(endpoint.stableId))
       assertEquals("setup-bootstrap-token", desiredBootstrapToken(runtime, "nodeSession"))
-      assertEquals("setup-bootstrap-token", desiredBootstrapToken(runtime, "operatorSession"))
+      assertNull(desiredBootstrapToken(runtime, "operatorSession"))
     }
 
   @Test

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/gateway/DeviceAuthStoreTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.gateway
+
+import ai.openclaw.app.SecurePrefs
+import android.content.Context
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
+import java.util.UUID
+
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
+@Config(sdk = [34])
+class DeviceAuthStoreTest {
+  @Test
+  fun saveTokenPersistsNormalizedScopesMetadata() {
+    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+    val securePrefs =
+      app.getSharedPreferences(
+        "openclaw.node.secure.test.${UUID.randomUUID()}",
+        Context.MODE_PRIVATE,
+      )
+    val prefs = SecurePrefs(app, securePrefsOverride = securePrefs)
+    val store = DeviceAuthStore(prefs)
+
+    store.saveToken(
+      deviceId = " Device-1 ",
+      role = " Operator ",
+      token = " operator-token ",
+      scopes = listOf("operator.write", "operator.read", "operator.write", " "),
+    )
+
+    val entry = store.loadEntry("device-1", "operator")
+    assertNotNull(entry)
+    assertEquals("operator-token", entry?.token)
+    assertEquals("operator", entry?.role)
+    assertEquals(listOf("operator.read", "operator.write"), entry?.scopes)
+    assertTrue((entry?.updatedAtMs ?: 0L) > 0L)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun loadEntryReadsLegacyTokenWithoutMetadata() {
+    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+    val securePrefs =
+      app.getSharedPreferences(
+        "openclaw.node.secure.test.${UUID.randomUUID()}",
+        Context.MODE_PRIVATE,
+      )
+    val prefs = SecurePrefs(app, securePrefsOverride = securePrefs)
+    prefs.putString("gateway.deviceToken.device-1.operator", "legacy-token")
+    val store = DeviceAuthStore(prefs)
+
+    val entry = store.loadEntry("device-1", "operator")
+    assertNotNull(entry)
+    assertEquals("legacy-token", entry?.token)
+    assertEquals("operator", entry?.role)
+    assertEquals(emptyList<String>(), entry?.scopes)
+    assertEquals(0L, entry?.updatedAtMs)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/gateway/GatewaySessionInvokeTest.kt

@@ -35,12 +35,18 @@ private const val CONNECT_CHALLENGE_FRAME =
   """{"type":"event","event":"connect.challenge","payload":{"nonce":"android-test-nonce"}}"""
 
 private class InMemoryDeviceAuthStore : DeviceAuthTokenStore {
-  private val tokens = mutableMapOf<String, String>()
+  private val tokens = mutableMapOf<String, DeviceAuthEntry>()
 
-  override fun loadToken(deviceId: String, role: String): String? = tokens["${deviceId.trim()}|${role.trim()}"]?.trim()?.takeIf { it.isNotEmpty() }
+  override fun loadEntry(deviceId: String, role: String): DeviceAuthEntry? = tokens["${deviceId.trim()}|${role.trim()}"]
 
-  override fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String) {
-    tokens["${deviceId.trim()}|${role.trim()}"] = token.trim()
+  override fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String, scopes: List<String>) {
+    tokens["${deviceId.trim()}|${role.trim()}"] =
+      DeviceAuthEntry(
+        token = token.trim(),
+        role = role.trim(),
+        scopes = scopes,
+        updatedAtMs = System.currentTimeMillis(),
+      )
   }
 
   override fun clearToken(deviceId: String, role: String) {
@@ -213,6 +219,144 @@ class GatewaySessionInvokeTest {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun connect_storesPrimaryDeviceTokenFromSuccessfulSharedTokenConnect() = runBlocking {
+    val json = testJson()
+    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
+    val server =
+      startGatewayServer(json) { webSocket, id, method, _ ->
+        when (method) {
+          "connect" -> {
+            webSocket.send(
+              connectResponseFrame(
+                id,
+                authJson = """{"deviceToken":"shared-node-token","role":"node","scopes":[]}""",
+              ),
+            )
+            webSocket.close(1000, "done")
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+    val harness =
+      createNodeHarness(
+        connected = connected,
+        lastDisconnect = lastDisconnect,
+      ) { GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""") }
+
+    try {
+      connectNodeSession(
+        session = harness.session,
+        port = server.port,
+        token = "shared-auth-token",
+        bootstrapToken = null,
+      )
+      awaitConnectedOrThrow(connected, lastDisconnect, server)
+
+      val deviceId = DeviceIdentityStore(RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()).loadOrCreate().deviceId
+      assertEquals("shared-node-token", harness.deviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId, "node"))
+      assertNull(harness.deviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId, "operator"))
+    } finally {
+      shutdownHarness(harness, server)
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun bootstrapConnect_storesAdditionalBoundedDeviceTokensOnTrustedTransport() = runBlocking {
+    val json = testJson()
+    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
+    val server =
+      startGatewayServer(json) { webSocket, id, method, _ ->
+        when (method) {
+          "connect" -> {
+            webSocket.send(
+              connectResponseFrame(
+                id,
+                authJson =
+                  """{"deviceToken":"bootstrap-node-token","role":"node","scopes":[],"deviceTokens":[{"deviceToken":"bootstrap-operator-token","role":"operator","scopes":["operator.admin","operator.approvals","operator.read","operator.talk.secrets","operator.write"]}]}""",
+              ),
+            )
+            webSocket.close(1000, "done")
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+    val harness =
+      createNodeHarness(
+        connected = connected,
+        lastDisconnect = lastDisconnect,
+      ) { GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""") }
+
+    try {
+      connectNodeSession(
+        session = harness.session,
+        port = server.port,
+        token = null,
+        bootstrapToken = "bootstrap-token",
+      )
+      awaitConnectedOrThrow(connected, lastDisconnect, server)
+
+      val deviceId = DeviceIdentityStore(RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()).loadOrCreate().deviceId
+      val nodeEntry = harness.deviceAuthStore.loadEntry(deviceId, "node")
+      val operatorEntry = harness.deviceAuthStore.loadEntry(deviceId, "operator")
+      assertEquals("bootstrap-node-token", nodeEntry?.token)
+      assertEquals(emptyList<String>(), nodeEntry?.scopes)
+      assertEquals("bootstrap-operator-token", operatorEntry?.token)
+      assertEquals(
+        listOf("operator.approvals", "operator.read", "operator.talk.secrets", "operator.write"),
+        operatorEntry?.scopes,
+      )
+    } finally {
+      shutdownHarness(harness, server)
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun nonBootstrapConnect_ignoresAdditionalBootstrapDeviceTokens() = runBlocking {
+    val json = testJson()
+    val connected = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
+    val lastDisconnect = AtomicReference("")
+    val server =
+      startGatewayServer(json) { webSocket, id, method, _ ->
+        when (method) {
+          "connect" -> {
+            webSocket.send(
+              connectResponseFrame(
+                id,
+                authJson =
+                  """{"deviceToken":"shared-node-token","role":"node","scopes":[],"deviceTokens":[{"deviceToken":"shared-operator-token","role":"operator","scopes":["operator.approvals","operator.read"]}]}""",
+              ),
+            )
+            webSocket.close(1000, "done")
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+    val harness =
+      createNodeHarness(
+        connected = connected,
+        lastDisconnect = lastDisconnect,
+      ) { GatewaySession.InvokeResult.ok("""{"handled":true}""") }
+
+    try {
+      connectNodeSession(
+        session = harness.session,
+        port = server.port,
+        token = "shared-auth-token",
+        bootstrapToken = null,
+      )
+      awaitConnectedOrThrow(connected, lastDisconnect, server)
+
+      val deviceId = DeviceIdentityStore(RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()).loadOrCreate().deviceId
+      assertEquals("shared-node-token", harness.deviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId, "node"))
+      assertNull(harness.deviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId, "operator"))
+    } finally {
+      shutdownHarness(harness, server)
+    }
+  }
+
   @Test
   fun nodeInvokeRequest_roundTripsInvokeResult() = runBlocking {
     val handshakeOrigin = AtomicReference<String?>(null)
@@ -470,9 +614,14 @@ class GatewaySessionInvokeTest {
     }
   }
 
-  private fun connectResponseFrame(id: String, canvasHostUrl: String? = null): String {
+  private fun connectResponseFrame(
+    id: String,
+    canvasHostUrl: String? = null,
+    authJson: String? = null,
+  ): String {
     val canvas = canvasHostUrl?.let { "\"canvasHostUrl\":\"$it\"," } ?: ""
-    return """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{$canvas"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}"""
+    val auth = authJson?.let { "\"auth\":$it," } ?: ""
+    return """{"type":"res","id":"$id","ok":true,"payload":{$canvas$auth"snapshot":{"sessionDefaults":{"mainSessionKey":"main"}}}}"""
   }
 
   private fun startGatewayServer(

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/CanvasActionTrustTest.kt

@@ -39,4 +39,34 @@ class CanvasActionTrustTest {
       ),
     )
   }
+
+  @Test
+  fun acceptsFragmentOnlyDifferenceForTrustedA2uiPage() {
+    assertTrue(
+      CanvasActionTrust.isTrustedCanvasActionUrl(
+        rawUrl = "https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/?platform=android#step2",
+        trustedA2uiUrls = listOf("https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/?platform=android"),
+      ),
+    )
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun rejectsQueryMismatchOnTrustedOriginAndPath() {
+    assertFalse(
+      CanvasActionTrust.isTrustedCanvasActionUrl(
+        rawUrl = "https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/?platform=ios",
+        trustedA2uiUrls = listOf("https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/?platform=android"),
+      ),
+    )
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun rejectsDescendantPathUnderTrustedA2uiRoot() {
+    assertFalse(
+      CanvasActionTrust.isTrustedCanvasActionUrl(
+        rawUrl = "https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/child/index.html?platform=android",
+        trustedA2uiUrls = listOf("https://canvas.example.com:9443/__openclaw__/cap/token/__openclaw__/a2ui/?platform=android"),
+      ),
+    )
+  }
 }

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/node/ConnectionManagerTest.kt

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class ConnectionManagerTest {
   }
 
   @Test
-  fun resolveTlsParamsForEndpoint_manualPrivateLanRequiresTlsWhenToggleIsOff() {
+  fun resolveTlsParamsForEndpoint_manualPrivateLanCanStayCleartextWhenToggleIsOff() {
     val endpoint = GatewayEndpoint.manual(host = "192.168.1.20", port = 18789)
 
     val params =
@@ -118,9 +118,7 @@ class ConnectionManagerTest {
         manualTlsEnabled = false,
       )
 
-    assertEquals(true, params?.required)
-    assertNull(params?.expectedFingerprint)
-    assertEquals(false, params?.allowTOFU)
+    assertNull(params)
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -148,7 +146,7 @@ class ConnectionManagerTest {
   }
 
   @Test
-  fun resolveTlsParamsForEndpoint_discoveryPrivateLanWithoutHintsRequiresTls() {
+  fun resolveTlsParamsForEndpoint_discoveryPrivateLanWithoutHintsCanStayCleartext() {
     val endpoint =
       GatewayEndpoint(
         stableId = "_openclaw-gw._tcp.|local.|Test",
@@ -166,9 +164,7 @@ class ConnectionManagerTest {
         manualTlsEnabled = false,
       )
 
-    assertEquals(true, params?.required)
-    assertNull(params?.expectedFingerprint)
-    assertEquals(false, params?.allowTOFU)
+    assertNull(params)
   }
 
   @Test

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/CanvasA2UIActionBridgeTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.ui
+
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class CanvasA2UIActionBridgeTest {
+  @Test
+  fun forwardsTrimmedPayloadFromTrustedPage() {
+    val forwarded = mutableListOf<String>()
+    val bridge =
+      CanvasA2UIActionBridge(
+        isTrustedPage = { true },
+        onMessage = { forwarded += it },
+      )
+
+    bridge.postMessage("  {\"ok\":true}  ")
+
+    assertEquals(listOf("{\"ok\":true}"), forwarded)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun rejectsPayloadFromUntrustedPage() {
+    val forwarded = mutableListOf<String>()
+    val bridge =
+      CanvasA2UIActionBridge(
+        isTrustedPage = { false },
+        onMessage = { forwarded += it },
+      )
+
+    bridge.postMessage("{\"ok\":true}")
+
+    assertTrue(forwarded.isEmpty())
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun rejectsBlankPayloadBeforeForwarding() {
+    val forwarded = mutableListOf<String>()
+    val bridge =
+      CanvasA2UIActionBridge(
+        isTrustedPage = { true },
+        onMessage = { forwarded += it },
+      )
+
+    bridge.postMessage("   ")
+    bridge.postMessage(null)
+
+    assertTrue(forwarded.isEmpty())
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/ui/GatewayConfigResolverTest.kt

@@ -290,11 +290,19 @@ class GatewayConfigResolverTest {
   }
 
   @Test
-  fun parseGatewayEndpointResultFlagsInsecureLanCleartextGateway() {
+  fun parseGatewayEndpointResultAcceptsLanCleartextGateway() {
     val parsed = parseGatewayEndpointResult("ws://192.168.1.20:18789")
 
-    assertNull(parsed.config)
-    assertEquals(GatewayEndpointValidationError.INSECURE_REMOTE_URL, parsed.error)
+    assertEquals(
+      GatewayEndpointConfig(
+        host = "192.168.1.20",
+        port = 18789,
+        tls = false,
+        displayUrl = "http://192.168.1.20:18789",
+      ),
+      parsed.config,
+    )
+    assertNull(parsed.error)
   }
 
   @Test

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkAudioPlayerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.voice
+
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class TalkAudioPlayerTest {
+  @Test
+  fun resolvesPcmPlaybackFromOutputFormat() {
+    val mode =
+      TalkAudioPlayer.resolvePlaybackMode(
+        outputFormat = "pcm_24000",
+        mimeType = null,
+        fileExtension = null,
+      )
+
+    assertEquals(TalkPlaybackMode.Pcm(sampleRate = 24_000), mode)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun resolvesCompressedPlaybackFromMimeType() {
+    val mode =
+      TalkAudioPlayer.resolvePlaybackMode(
+        outputFormat = null,
+        mimeType = "audio/mpeg",
+        fileExtension = null,
+      )
+
+    assertEquals(TalkPlaybackMode.Compressed(fileExtension = ".mp3"), mode)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun preservesProvidedExtensionForCompressedPlayback() {
+    val mode =
+      TalkAudioPlayer.resolvePlaybackMode(
+        outputFormat = null,
+        mimeType = "audio/webm",
+        fileExtension = "webm",
+      )
+
+    assertTrue(mode is TalkPlaybackMode.Compressed)
+    assertEquals(".webm", (mode as TalkPlaybackMode.Compressed).fileExtension)
+  }
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkModeManagerTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.voice
+
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.DeviceAuthEntry
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.DeviceAuthTokenStore
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.DeviceIdentityStore
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewaySession
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
+import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner
+import org.robolectric.RuntimeEnvironment
+import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
+
+@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner::class)
+@Config(sdk = [34])
+class TalkModeManagerTest {
+  @Test
+  fun stopTtsCancelsTrackedPlaybackJob() {
+    val manager = createManager()
+    val playbackJob = Job()
+
+    setPrivateField(manager, "ttsJob", playbackJob)
+    playbackGeneration(manager).set(7L)
+
+    manager.stopTts()
+
+    assertTrue(playbackJob.isCancelled)
+    assertEquals(8L, playbackGeneration(manager).get())
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun disablingPlaybackCancelsTrackedJobOnce() {
+    val manager = createManager()
+    val playbackJob = Job()
+
+    setPrivateField(manager, "ttsJob", playbackJob)
+    playbackGeneration(manager).set(11L)
+
+    manager.setPlaybackEnabled(false)
+    manager.setPlaybackEnabled(false)
+
+    assertTrue(playbackJob.isCancelled)
+    assertEquals(12L, playbackGeneration(manager).get())
+  }
+
+  private fun createManager(): TalkModeManager {
+    val app = RuntimeEnvironment.getApplication()
+    val sessionJob = SupervisorJob()
+    val session =
+      GatewaySession(
+        scope = CoroutineScope(sessionJob + Dispatchers.Default),
+        identityStore = DeviceIdentityStore(app),
+        deviceAuthStore = InMemoryDeviceAuthStore(),
+        onConnected = { _, _, _ -> },
+        onDisconnected = {},
+        onEvent = { _, _ -> },
+      )
+    return TalkModeManager(
+      context = app,
+      scope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.Default),
+      session = session,
+      supportsChatSubscribe = false,
+      isConnected = { true },
+    )
+  }
+
+  @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+  private fun playbackGeneration(manager: TalkModeManager): AtomicLong {
+    return readPrivateField(manager, "playbackGeneration") as AtomicLong
+  }
+
+  private fun setPrivateField(target: Any, name: String, value: Any?) {
+    val field = target.javaClass.getDeclaredField(name)
+    field.isAccessible = true
+    field.set(target, value)
+  }
+
+  private fun readPrivateField(target: Any, name: String): Any? {
+    val field = target.javaClass.getDeclaredField(name)
+    field.isAccessible = true
+    return field.get(target)
+  }
+}
+
+private class InMemoryDeviceAuthStore : DeviceAuthTokenStore {
+  override fun loadEntry(deviceId: String, role: String): DeviceAuthEntry? = null
+
+  override fun saveToken(deviceId: String, role: String, token: String, scopes: List<String>) = Unit
+
+  override fun clearToken(deviceId: String, role: String) = Unit
+}

apps/android/app/src/test/java/ai/openclaw/app/voice/TalkSpeakClientTest.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+package ai.openclaw.app.voice
+
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewayConnectErrorDetails
+import ai.openclaw.app.gateway.GatewaySession
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
+import org.junit.Assert.assertTrue
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class TalkSpeakClientTest {
+  @Test
+  fun buildsRequestFromDirective() {
+    val request =
+      TalkSpeakRequest.from(
+        text = "Hello from talk mode.",
+        directive =
+          TalkDirective(
+            voiceId = "voice-123",
+            modelId = "model-abc",
+            speed = 1.1,
+            rateWpm = 190,
+            stability = 0.5,
+            similarity = 0.7,
+            style = 0.2,
+            speakerBoost = true,
+            seed = 42,
+            normalize = "auto",
+            language = "en",
+            outputFormat = "pcm_24000",
+            latencyTier = 3,
+            once = true,
+          ),
+      )
+
+    assertEquals("Hello from talk mode.", request.text)
+    assertEquals("voice-123", request.voiceId)
+    assertEquals("model-abc", request.modelId)
+    assertEquals(1.1, request.speed)
+    assertEquals(190, request.rateWpm)
+    assertEquals(0.5, request.stability)
+    assertEquals(0.7, request.similarity)
+    assertEquals(0.2, request.style)
+    assertEquals(true, request.speakerBoost)
+    assertEquals(42L, request.seed)
+    assertEquals("auto", request.normalize)
+    assertEquals("en", request.language)
+    assertEquals("pcm_24000", request.outputFormat)
+    assertEquals(3, request.latencyTier)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun fallsBackOnlyForUnavailableReasons() = runTest {
+    val client =
+      TalkSpeakClient(
+        requestDetailed = { _, _, _ ->
+          GatewaySession.RpcResult(
+            ok = false,
+            payloadJson = null,
+            error =
+              GatewaySession.ErrorShape(
+                code = "UNAVAILABLE",
+                message = "talk unavailable",
+                details =
+                  GatewayConnectErrorDetails(
+                    code = null,
+                    canRetryWithDeviceToken = false,
+                    recommendedNextStep = null,
+                    reason = "talk_unconfigured",
+                  ),
+              ),
+          )
+        },
+      )
+
+    val result = client.synthesize(text = "Hello", directive = null)
+    assertTrue(result is TalkSpeakResult.FallbackToLocal)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun doesNotFallBackForSynthesisFailure() = runTest {
+    val client =
+      TalkSpeakClient(
+        requestDetailed = { _, _, _ ->
+          GatewaySession.RpcResult(
+            ok = false,
+            payloadJson = null,
+            error =
+              GatewaySession.ErrorShape(
+                code = "UNAVAILABLE",
+                message = "provider failed",
+                details =
+                  GatewayConnectErrorDetails(
+                    code = null,
+                    canRetryWithDeviceToken = false,
+                    recommendedNextStep = null,
+                    reason = "synthesis_failed",
+                  ),
+              ),
+          )
+        },
+      )
+
+    val result = client.synthesize(text = "Hello", directive = null)
+    assertTrue(result is TalkSpeakResult.Failure)
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun fallsBackWhenGatewayOmitsReason() = runTest {
+    val client =
+      TalkSpeakClient(
+        requestDetailed = { _, _, _ ->
+          GatewaySession.RpcResult(
+            ok = false,
+            payloadJson = null,
+            error =
+              GatewaySession.ErrorShape(
+                code = "INVALID_REQUEST",
+                message = "unknown method: talk.speak",
+                details = null,
+              ),
+          )
+        },
+      )
+
+    val result = client.synthesize(text = "Hello", directive = null)
+    assertTrue(result is TalkSpeakResult.FallbackToLocal)
+  }
+}

apps/ios/Config/Signing.xcconfig

@@ -3,19 +3,23 @@
 
 OPENCLAW_IOS_DEFAULT_TEAM = Y5PE65HELJ
 OPENCLAW_IOS_SELECTED_TEAM = $(OPENCLAW_IOS_DEFAULT_TEAM)
+OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = $(OPENCLAW_IOS_SELECTED_TEAM)
+OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic
 OPENCLAW_APP_BUNDLE_ID = ai.openclaw.client
 OPENCLAW_WATCH_APP_BUNDLE_ID = ai.openclaw.client.watchkitapp
 OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_BUNDLE_ID = ai.openclaw.client.watchkitapp.extension
 OPENCLAW_ACTIVITY_WIDGET_BUNDLE_ID = ai.openclaw.client.activitywidget
+OPENCLAW_WATCH_APP_PROFILE =
+OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_PROFILE =
 
 // Local contributors can override this by running scripts/ios-configure-signing.sh.
 // Keep include after defaults: xcconfig is evaluated top-to-bottom.
 #include? "../.local-signing.xcconfig"
 #include? "../LocalSigning.xcconfig"
 
-CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic
+CODE_SIGN_STYLE = $(OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE)
 CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY = Apple Development
-DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = $(OPENCLAW_IOS_SELECTED_TEAM)
+DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = $(OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)
 
-// Let Xcode manage provisioning for the selected local team.
+// Let Xcode manage provisioning for the selected local team unless a local override pins one.
 PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER =

apps/ios/Config/Version.xcconfig

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // Shared iOS version defaults.
 // Generated overrides live in build/Version.xcconfig (git-ignored).
 
-OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_VERSION = 2026.4.3
-OPENCLAW_MARKETING_VERSION = 2026.4.3
-OPENCLAW_BUILD_VERSION = 2026040301
+OPENCLAW_GATEWAY_VERSION = 2026.4.6
+OPENCLAW_MARKETING_VERSION = 2026.4.6
+OPENCLAW_BUILD_VERSION = 2026040601
 
 #include? "../build/Version.xcconfig"

apps/ios/LocalSigning.xcconfig.example

@@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_BUNDLE_ID = ai.openclaw.client.watchkitapp.extension
 // Leave empty with automatic signing.
 OPENCLAW_APP_PROFILE =
 OPENCLAW_SHARE_PROFILE =
+OPENCLAW_WATCH_APP_PROFILE =
+OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_PROFILE =

apps/ios/README.md

@@ -92,6 +92,54 @@ If you need to force a specific build number:
 pnpm ios:beta -- --build-number 7
 ```
 
+### Maintainer Quick Release Checklist
+
+Use this when a clone is missing local iOS release setup and you want the shortest path to a TestFlight upload.
+
+1. Confirm Fastlane auth is set up:
+
+```bash
+cd apps/ios
+fastlane ios auth_check
+```
+
+2. If auth is missing, bootstrap it once on this Mac:
+
+```bash
+scripts/ios-asc-keychain-setup.sh \
+  --key-path /absolute/path/to/AuthKey_XXXXXXXXXX.p8 \
+  --issuer-id YOUR_ISSUER_ID \
+  --write-env
+```
+
+This should create `apps/ios/fastlane/.env` with the non-secret ASC variables while the private key stays in Keychain.
+
+3. Set the official/TestFlight relay URL for the build:
+
+```bash
+export OPENCLAW_PUSH_RELAY_BASE_URL=https://relay.example.com
+```
+
+4. Upload the beta:
+
+```bash
+pnpm ios:beta
+```
+
+5. Expected behavior:
+   - Fastlane reads `package.json.version`
+   - resolves the next TestFlight build number for that short version
+   - generates `apps/ios/build/BetaRelease.xcconfig`
+   - archives `OpenClaw`
+   - uploads the IPA to TestFlight
+
+6. Expected outputs after a successful run:
+   - `apps/ios/build/beta/OpenClaw-<version>.ipa`
+   - `apps/ios/build/beta/OpenClaw-<version>.app.dSYM.zip`
+   - Fastlane log line like `Uploaded iOS beta: version=<version> short=<short> build=<build>`
+
+7. If this is a fresh clone on a maintainer machine that already works elsewhere, it is OK to copy the non-secret `apps/ios/fastlane/.env` from another trusted local clone on the same Mac. The Keychain-backed private key remains machine-local and is not stored in the repo.
+
 ## APNs Expectations For Local/Manual Builds
 
 - The app calls `registerForRemoteNotifications()` at launch.
@@ -100,6 +148,9 @@ pnpm ios:beta -- --build-number 7
 - Local/manual builds default to `OpenClawPushTransport=direct` and `OpenClawPushDistribution=local`.
 - Your selected team/profile must support Push Notifications for the app bundle ID you are signing.
 - If push capability or provisioning is wrong, APNs registration fails at runtime (check Xcode logs for `APNs registration failed`).
+- The gateway host also needs direct APNs auth configured separately with `OPENCLAW_APNS_TEAM_ID`, `OPENCLAW_APNS_KEY_ID`, and either `OPENCLAW_APNS_PRIVATE_KEY_P8` or `OPENCLAW_APNS_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH`.
+- Recommended gateway-host storage for the APNs `.p8` file is `~/.openclaw/credentials/apns/AuthKey_<KEYID>.p8` with restrictive permissions, then point `OPENCLAW_APNS_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH` at that file.
+- `apps/ios/fastlane/.env` only covers App Store Connect / Fastlane auth; it does not provide gateway APNs credentials for local direct-push testing.
 - Debug builds default to `OpenClawPushAPNsEnvironment=sandbox`; Release builds default to `production`.
 
 ## APNs Expectations For Official Builds

apps/ios/Sources/Gateway/ExecApprovalPromptDialog.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import SwiftUI
+
+private struct ExecApprovalPromptDialogModifier: ViewModifier {
+    @Environment(NodeAppModel.self) private var appModel: NodeAppModel
+    @Environment(\.colorScheme) private var colorScheme
+
+    func body(content: Content) -> some View {
+        content
+            .overlay {
+                if let prompt = self.appModel.pendingExecApprovalPrompt {
+                    ZStack {
+                        Color.black.opacity(0.38)
+                            .ignoresSafeArea()
+
+                        ExecApprovalPromptCard(
+                            prompt: prompt,
+                            isResolving: self.appModel.pendingExecApprovalPromptResolving,
+                            errorText: self.appModel.pendingExecApprovalPromptErrorText,
+                            brighten: self.colorScheme == .light,
+                            onAllowOnce: {
+                                Task {
+                                    await self.appModel.resolvePendingExecApprovalPrompt(decision: "allow-once")
+                                }
+                            },
+                            onAllowAlways: {
+                                Task {
+                                    await self.appModel.resolvePendingExecApprovalPrompt(decision: "allow-always")
+                                }
+                            },
+                            onDeny: {
+                                Task {
+                                    await self.appModel.resolvePendingExecApprovalPrompt(decision: "deny")
+                                }
+                            },
+                            onCancel: {
+                                self.appModel.dismissPendingExecApprovalPrompt()
+                            })
+                            .padding(.horizontal, 20)
+                            .frame(maxWidth: 460)
+                            .transition(.scale(scale: 0.98).combined(with: .opacity))
+                    }
+                    .zIndex(1)
+                }
+            }
+            .animation(.easeInOut(duration: 0.18), value: self.appModel.pendingExecApprovalPrompt?.id)
+    }
+}
+
+private struct ExecApprovalPromptCard: View {
+    let prompt: NodeAppModel.ExecApprovalPrompt
+    let isResolving: Bool
+    let errorText: String?
+    let brighten: Bool
+    let onAllowOnce: () -> Void
+    let onAllowAlways: () -> Void
+    let onDeny: () -> Void
+    let onCancel: () -> Void
+
+    var body: some View {
+        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 14) {
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 6) {
+                Text("Exec approval required")
+                    .font(.headline)
+                Text("OpenClaw opened from a notification. Review this exec request before continuing.")
+                    .font(.subheadline)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            }
+
+            Text(self.prompt.commandText)
+                .font(.system(size: 15, weight: .regular, design: .monospaced))
+                .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+                .padding(10)
+                .background(.black.opacity(0.14), in: RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 12, style: .continuous))
+
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
+                if let host = self.normalized(self.prompt.host) {
+                    ExecApprovalPromptMetadataRow(label: "Host", value: host)
+                }
+                if let nodeId = self.normalized(self.prompt.nodeId) {
+                    ExecApprovalPromptMetadataRow(label: "Node", value: nodeId)
+                }
+                if let agentId = self.normalized(self.prompt.agentId) {
+                    ExecApprovalPromptMetadataRow(label: "Agent", value: agentId)
+                }
+                if let expiresText = self.expiresText(self.prompt.expiresAtMs) {
+                    ExecApprovalPromptMetadataRow(label: "Expires", value: expiresText)
+                }
+            }
+
+            if let errorText = self.normalized(self.errorText) {
+                Text(errorText)
+                    .font(.footnote)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.red)
+            }
+
+            if self.isResolving {
+                HStack(spacing: 8) {
+                    ProgressView()
+                        .progressViewStyle(.circular)
+                    Text("Resolving…")
+                        .font(.footnote)
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+            }
+
+            VStack(spacing: 10) {
+                Button {
+                    self.onAllowOnce()
+                } label: {
+                    Text("Allow Once")
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                }
+                .buttonStyle(.borderedProminent)
+                .disabled(self.isResolving)
+
+                if self.prompt.allowsAllowAlways {
+                    Button {
+                        self.onAllowAlways()
+                    } label: {
+                        Text("Allow Always")
+                            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                    }
+                    .buttonStyle(.bordered)
+                    .disabled(self.isResolving)
+                }
+
+                HStack(spacing: 10) {
+                    Button(role: .destructive) {
+                        self.onDeny()
+                    } label: {
+                        Text("Deny")
+                            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                    }
+                    .buttonStyle(.bordered)
+                    .disabled(self.isResolving)
+
+                    Button(role: .cancel) {
+                        self.onCancel()
+                    } label: {
+                        Text("Cancel")
+                            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                    }
+                    .buttonStyle(.bordered)
+                    .disabled(self.isResolving)
+                }
+            }
+            .controlSize(.large)
+            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+        }
+        .statusGlassCard(brighten: self.brighten, verticalPadding: 18, horizontalPadding: 18)
+    }
+
+    private func normalized(_ value: String?) -> String? {
+        let trimmed = (value ?? "").trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    }
+
+    private func expiresText(_ expiresAtMs: Int?) -> String? {
+        guard let expiresAtMs else { return nil }
+        let remainingSeconds = Int((Double(expiresAtMs) / 1000.0) - Date().timeIntervalSince1970)
+        if remainingSeconds <= 0 {
+            return "expired"
+        }
+        if remainingSeconds < 60 {
+            return "under a minute"
+        }
+        if remainingSeconds < 3600 {
+            let minutes = Int(ceil(Double(remainingSeconds) / 60.0))
+            return minutes == 1 ? "about 1 minute" : "about \(minutes) minutes"
+        }
+        let hours = Int(ceil(Double(remainingSeconds) / 3600.0))
+        return hours == 1 ? "about 1 hour" : "about \(hours) hours"
+    }
+}
+
+private struct ExecApprovalPromptMetadataRow: View {
+    let label: String
+    let value: String
+
+    var body: some View {
+        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+            Text(self.label)
+                .font(.caption)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            Text(self.value)
+                .font(.footnote)
+                .textSelection(.enabled)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extension View {
+    func execApprovalPromptDialog() -> some View {
+        self.modifier(ExecApprovalPromptDialogModifier())
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/OpenClawApp.swift

@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ private struct PendingWatchPromptAction {
     var sessionKey: String?
 }
 
+private typealias PendingExecApprovalPrompt = ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt
+
+@MainActor
+enum OpenClawAppModelRegistry {
+    static var appModel: NodeAppModel?
+}
+
 @MainActor
 final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrency UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
     private let logger = Logger(subsystem: "ai.openclaw.ios", category: "Push")
@@ -21,10 +28,13 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
     private var backgroundWakeTask: Task<Bool, Never>?
     private var pendingAPNsDeviceToken: Data?
     private var pendingWatchPromptActions: [PendingWatchPromptAction] = []
+    private var pendingExecApprovalPrompts: [PendingExecApprovalPrompt] = []
+    private var pendingExecApprovalRequestedPushIDs: [String] = []
+    private var pendingExecApprovalResolvedPushIDs: [String] = []
 
     weak var appModel: NodeAppModel? {
         didSet {
-            guard let model = self.appModel else { return }
+            guard let model = self.resolvedAppModel() else { return }
             if let token = self.pendingAPNsDeviceToken {
                 self.pendingAPNsDeviceToken = nil
                 Task { @MainActor in
@@ -44,22 +54,65 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
                     }
                 }
             }
+            if !self.pendingExecApprovalPrompts.isEmpty {
+                let pending = self.pendingExecApprovalPrompts
+                self.pendingExecApprovalPrompts.removeAll()
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    for prompt in pending {
+                        await model.presentExecApprovalNotificationPrompt(prompt)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if !self.pendingExecApprovalRequestedPushIDs.isEmpty {
+                let pending = self.pendingExecApprovalRequestedPushIDs
+                self.pendingExecApprovalRequestedPushIDs.removeAll()
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    for approvalId in pending {
+                        _ = await model.handleExecApprovalRequestedRemotePush(approvalId: approvalId)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if !self.pendingExecApprovalResolvedPushIDs.isEmpty {
+                let pending = self.pendingExecApprovalResolvedPushIDs
+                self.pendingExecApprovalResolvedPushIDs.removeAll()
+                Task { @MainActor in
+                    for approvalId in pending {
+                        await model.handleExecApprovalResolvedRemotePush(approvalId: approvalId)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
+    private func resolvedAppModel() -> NodeAppModel? {
+        self.appModel ?? OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel
+    }
+
+#if DEBUG
+    func _test_resolvedAppModel() -> NodeAppModel? {
+        self.resolvedAppModel()
+    }
+#endif
+
     func application(
         _ application: UIApplication,
         didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]? = nil
     ) -> Bool
     {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("app delegate: didFinishLaunching")
+        if self.appModel == nil {
+            self.appModel = OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel
+        }
         self.registerBackgroundWakeRefreshTask()
-        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self
+        let notificationCenter = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
+        notificationCenter.delegate = self
+        ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.registerCategory(center: notificationCenter)
         application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
         return true
     }
 
     func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
-        if let appModel = self.appModel {
+        if let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() {
             Task { @MainActor in
                 appModel.updateAPNsDeviceToken(deviceToken)
             }
@@ -80,7 +133,28 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
     {
         self.logger.info("APNs remote notification received keys=\(userInfo.keys.count, privacy: .public)")
         Task { @MainActor in
-            guard let appModel = self.appModel else {
+            let notificationCenter = LiveNotificationCenter()
+            if await ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.handleResolvedPushIfNeeded(
+                userInfo: userInfo,
+                notificationCenter: notificationCenter)
+            {
+                if let approvalId = ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.approvalID(from: userInfo) {
+                    if let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() {
+                        await appModel.handleExecApprovalResolvedRemotePush(approvalId: approvalId)
+                    } else {
+                        self.pendingExecApprovalResolvedPushIDs.append(approvalId)
+                    }
+                }
+                completionHandler(.newData)
+                return
+            }
+            guard let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() else {
+                if ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.payloadKind(userInfo: userInfo)
+                    == ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                   let approvalId = ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.approvalID(from: userInfo)
+                {
+                    self.pendingExecApprovalRequestedPushIDs.append(approvalId)
+                }
                 self.logger.info("APNs wake skipped: appModel unavailable")
                 self.scheduleBackgroundWakeRefresh(afterSeconds: 90, reason: "silent_push_no_model")
                 completionHandler(.noData)
@@ -96,6 +170,7 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
     }
 
     func scenePhaseChanged(_ phase: ScenePhase) {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("app delegate: scene phase changed=\(String(describing: phase))")
         if phase == .background {
             self.scheduleBackgroundWakeRefresh(afterSeconds: 120, reason: "scene_background")
         }
@@ -140,7 +215,7 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
         self.backgroundWakeTask?.cancel()
 
         let wakeTask = Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
-            guard let self, let appModel = self.appModel else { return false }
+            guard let self, let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() else { return false }
             return await appModel.handleBackgroundRefreshWake(trigger: "bg_app_refresh")
         }
         self.backgroundWakeTask = wakeTask
@@ -216,8 +291,16 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
             sessionKey: sessionKey)
     }
 
+    private static func parseExecApprovalPrompt(
+        from response: UNNotificationResponse) -> PendingExecApprovalPrompt?
+    {
+        ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.parsePrompt(
+            actionIdentifier: response.actionIdentifier,
+            userInfo: response.notification.request.content.userInfo)
+    }
+
     private func routeWatchPromptAction(_ action: PendingWatchPromptAction) async {
-        guard let appModel = self.appModel else {
+        guard let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() else {
             self.pendingWatchPromptActions.append(action)
             return
         }
@@ -229,13 +312,25 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
         _ = await appModel.handleBackgroundRefreshWake(trigger: "watch_prompt_action")
     }
 
+    private func routeExecApprovalPrompt(_ prompt: PendingExecApprovalPrompt) {
+        guard let appModel = self.resolvedAppModel() else {
+            self.pendingExecApprovalPrompts.append(prompt)
+            return
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            await appModel.presentExecApprovalNotificationPrompt(prompt)
+        }
+    }
+
     func userNotificationCenter(
         _ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
         willPresent notification: UNNotification,
         withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void)
     {
         let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo
-        if Self.isWatchPromptNotification(userInfo) {
+        if Self.isWatchPromptNotification(userInfo)
+            || ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.shouldPresentNotification(userInfo: userInfo)
+        {
             completionHandler([.banner, .list, .sound])
             return
         }
@@ -247,18 +342,29 @@ final class OpenClawAppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate, @preconcurrenc
         didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
         withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void)
     {
-        guard let action = Self.parseWatchPromptAction(from: response) else {
-            completionHandler()
+        if let action = Self.parseWatchPromptAction(from: response) {
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                guard let self else {
+                    completionHandler()
+                    return
+                }
+                await self.routeWatchPromptAction(action)
+                completionHandler()
+            }
             return
         }
-        Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
-            guard let self else {
+        if let prompt = Self.parseExecApprovalPrompt(from: response) {
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                guard let self else {
+                    completionHandler()
+                    return
+                }
+                self.routeExecApprovalPrompt(prompt)
                 completionHandler()
-                return
             }
-            await self.routeWatchPromptAction(action)
-            completionHandler()
+            return
         }
+        completionHandler()
     }
 }
 
@@ -507,6 +613,7 @@ struct OpenClawApp: App {
         Self.installUncaughtExceptionLogger()
         GatewaySettingsStore.bootstrapPersistence()
         let appModel = NodeAppModel()
+        OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel = appModel
         _appModel = State(initialValue: appModel)
         _gatewayController = State(initialValue: GatewayConnectionController(appModel: appModel))
     }

apps/ios/Sources/Push/ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import Foundation
+import UserNotifications
+
+struct ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt: Sendable, Equatable {
+    let approvalId: String
+}
+
+enum ExecApprovalNotificationBridge {
+    static let requestedKind = "exec.approval.requested"
+    static let resolvedKind = "exec.approval.resolved"
+    static let categoryIdentifier = "openclaw.exec-approval"
+    static let reviewActionIdentifier = "openclaw.exec-approval.review"
+
+    private static let localRequestPrefix = "exec.approval."
+
+    static func registerCategory(center: UNUserNotificationCenter = .current()) {
+        let category = UNNotificationCategory(
+            identifier: self.categoryIdentifier,
+            actions: [
+                UNNotificationAction(
+                    identifier: self.reviewActionIdentifier,
+                    title: "Review",
+                    options: [.foreground]),
+            ],
+            intentIdentifiers: [],
+            options: [])
+
+        center.getNotificationCategories { categories in
+            var updated = categories
+            updated.update(with: category)
+            center.setNotificationCategories(updated)
+        }
+    }
+
+    static func shouldPresentNotification(userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) -> Bool {
+        self.payloadKind(userInfo: userInfo) == self.requestedKind
+    }
+
+    static func parsePrompt(
+        actionIdentifier: String,
+        userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]
+    ) -> ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt?
+    {
+        guard actionIdentifier == UNNotificationDefaultActionIdentifier
+            || actionIdentifier == self.reviewActionIdentifier
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        guard self.payloadKind(userInfo: userInfo) == self.requestedKind else { return nil }
+        guard let approvalId = self.approvalID(from: userInfo) else { return nil }
+        return ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt(approvalId: approvalId)
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    static func handleResolvedPushIfNeeded(
+        userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any],
+        notificationCenter: NotificationCentering
+    ) async -> Bool
+    {
+        guard self.payloadKind(userInfo: userInfo) == self.resolvedKind,
+              let approvalId = self.approvalID(from: userInfo)
+        else {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        await self.removeNotifications(forApprovalID: approvalId, notificationCenter: notificationCenter)
+        return true
+    }
+
+    @MainActor
+    static func removeNotifications(
+        forApprovalID approvalId: String,
+        notificationCenter: NotificationCentering
+    ) async {
+        let normalizedID = approvalId.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        guard !normalizedID.isEmpty else { return }
+
+        await notificationCenter.removePendingNotificationRequests(
+            withIdentifiers: [self.localRequestIdentifier(for: normalizedID)])
+
+        let delivered = await notificationCenter.deliveredNotifications()
+        let identifiers = delivered.compactMap { snapshot -> String? in
+            guard self.approvalID(from: snapshot.userInfo) == normalizedID else { return nil }
+            return snapshot.identifier
+        }
+        await notificationCenter.removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers: identifiers)
+    }
+
+    static func approvalID(from userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) -> String? {
+        let raw = self.openClawPayload(userInfo: userInfo)?["approvalId"] as? String
+        let trimmed = raw?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    }
+
+    private static func localRequestIdentifier(for approvalId: String) -> String {
+        "\(self.localRequestPrefix)\(approvalId)"
+    }
+
+    static func payloadKind(userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) -> String {
+        let raw = self.openClawPayload(userInfo: userInfo)?["kind"] as? String
+        let trimmed = raw?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? "unknown" : trimmed
+    }
+
+    private static func openClawPayload(userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) -> [String: Any]? {
+        if let payload = userInfo["openclaw"] as? [String: Any] {
+            return payload
+        }
+        if let payload = userInfo["openclaw"] as? [AnyHashable: Any] {
+            return payload.reduce(into: [String: Any]()) { partialResult, pair in
+                guard let key = pair.key as? String else { return }
+                partialResult[key] = pair.value
+            }
+        }
+        return nil
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/RootCanvas.swift

@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ struct RootCanvas: View {
         }
         .gatewayTrustPromptAlert()
         .deepLinkAgentPromptAlert()
+        .execApprovalPromptDialog()
         .sheet(item: self.$presentedSheet) { sheet in
             switch sheet {
             case .settings:

apps/ios/Sources/Services/NodeServiceProtocols.swift

@@ -88,6 +88,20 @@ struct WatchQuickReplyEvent: Sendable, Equatable {
     var transport: String
 }
 
+struct WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent: Sendable, Equatable {
+    var replyId: String
+    var approvalId: String
+    var decision: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+    var transport: String
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent: Sendable, Equatable {
+    var requestId: String
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+    var transport: String
+}
+
 struct WatchNotificationSendResult: Sendable, Equatable {
     var deliveredImmediately: Bool
     var queuedForDelivery: Bool
@@ -96,10 +110,22 @@ struct WatchNotificationSendResult: Sendable, Equatable {
 
 protocol WatchMessagingServicing: AnyObject, Sendable {
     func status() async -> WatchMessagingStatus
+    func setStatusHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?)
     func setReplyHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?)
+    func setExecApprovalResolveHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?)
+    func setExecApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler(
+        _ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?)
     func sendNotification(
         id: String,
         params: OpenClawWatchNotifyParams) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    func sendExecApprovalPrompt(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    func sendExecApprovalResolved(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    func sendExecApprovalExpired(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    func syncExecApprovalSnapshot(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
 }
 
 extension CameraController: CameraServicing {}

apps/ios/Sources/Services/NotificationService.swift

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 import Foundation
 import UserNotifications
 
+struct NotificationSnapshot: @unchecked Sendable {
+    let identifier: String
+    let userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]
+}
+
 enum NotificationAuthorizationStatus: Sendable {
     case notDetermined
     case denied
@@ -13,6 +18,9 @@ protocol NotificationCentering: Sendable {
     func authorizationStatus() async -> NotificationAuthorizationStatus
     func requestAuthorization(options: UNAuthorizationOptions) async throws -> Bool
     func add(_ request: UNNotificationRequest) async throws
+    func removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async
+    func removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async
+    func deliveredNotifications() async -> [NotificationSnapshot]
 }
 
 struct LiveNotificationCenter: NotificationCentering, @unchecked Sendable {
@@ -55,4 +63,27 @@ struct LiveNotificationCenter: NotificationCentering, @unchecked Sendable {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    func removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async {
+        guard !identifiers.isEmpty else { return }
+        self.center.removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers: identifiers)
+    }
+
+    func removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async {
+        guard !identifiers.isEmpty else { return }
+        self.center.removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers: identifiers)
+    }
+
+    func deliveredNotifications() async -> [NotificationSnapshot] {
+        await withCheckedContinuation { continuation in
+            self.center.getDeliveredNotifications { notifications in
+                continuation.resume(
+                    returning: notifications.map { notification in
+                        NotificationSnapshot(
+                            identifier: notification.request.identifier,
+                            userInfo: notification.request.content.userInfo)
+                    })
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

apps/ios/Sources/Services/WatchConnectivityTransport.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+import Foundation
+import OSLog
+@preconcurrency import WatchConnectivity
+
+private struct WatchConnectivityTransportCallbacks {
+    var statusUpdateHandler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?
+    var replyHandler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?
+    var execApprovalResolveHandler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?
+    var execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?
+}
+
+private func sendReachableWatchMessage(_ payload: [String: Any], with session: WCSession) async throws {
+    // WatchConnectivity replies arrive on its own queue. Keep this continuation explicitly
+    // nonisolated so Swift 6 does not inherit a caller actor (for example MainActor) into the
+    // Objective-C callback boundary and trap on the reply callback executor check.
+    try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation(isolation: nil) {
+        (continuation: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
+        session.sendMessage(
+            payload,
+            replyHandler: { _ in
+                continuation.resume(returning: ())
+            },
+            errorHandler: { error in
+                continuation.resume(throwing: error)
+            }
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+final class WatchConnectivityTransport: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
+    nonisolated private static let logger = Logger(subsystem: "ai.openclaw", category: "watch.messaging")
+
+    private let session: WCSession?
+    private let callbacksLock = NSLock()
+    private var callbacks = WatchConnectivityTransportCallbacks()
+
+    override init() {
+        if WCSession.isSupported() {
+            self.session = WCSession.default
+        } else {
+            self.session = nil
+        }
+        super.init()
+        if let session = self.session {
+            session.delegate = self
+            session.activate()
+        }
+    }
+
+    nonisolated static func isSupportedOnDevice() -> Bool {
+        WCSession.isSupported()
+    }
+
+    nonisolated static func currentStatusSnapshot() -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+        guard WCSession.isSupported() else {
+            return WatchMessagingStatus(
+                supported: false,
+                paired: false,
+                appInstalled: false,
+                reachable: false,
+                activationState: "unsupported")
+        }
+        return self.status(for: WCSession.default)
+    }
+
+    func status() async -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+        await self.ensureActivated()
+        return self.currentStatusSnapshot()
+    }
+
+    func currentStatusSnapshot() -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+        guard let session = self.session else {
+            return WatchMessagingStatus(
+                supported: false,
+                paired: false,
+                appInstalled: false,
+                reachable: false,
+                activationState: "unsupported")
+        }
+        return Self.status(for: session)
+    }
+
+    func setStatusUpdateHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?) {
+        self.updateCallbacks { $0.statusUpdateHandler = handler }
+    }
+
+    func setReplyHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?) {
+        self.updateCallbacks { $0.replyHandler = handler }
+    }
+
+    func setExecApprovalResolveHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?) {
+        self.updateCallbacks { $0.execApprovalResolveHandler = handler }
+    }
+
+    func setExecApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler(
+        _ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?)
+    {
+        self.updateCallbacks { $0.execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler = handler }
+    }
+
+    func sendPayload(_ payload: [String: Any]) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult {
+        await self.ensureActivated()
+        let session = try self.requireReadySession()
+        if session.isReachable {
+            do {
+                try await sendReachableWatchMessage(payload, with: session)
+                return WatchNotificationSendResult(
+                    deliveredImmediately: true,
+                    queuedForDelivery: false,
+                    transport: "sendMessage")
+            } catch {
+                Self.logger.error("watch sendMessage failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
+            }
+        }
+
+        _ = session.transferUserInfo(payload)
+        return WatchNotificationSendResult(
+            deliveredImmediately: false,
+            queuedForDelivery: true,
+            transport: "transferUserInfo")
+    }
+
+    func sendSnapshotPayload(_ payload: [String: Any]) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult {
+        await self.ensureActivated()
+        let session = try self.requireReadySession()
+        if session.isReachable {
+            do {
+                try await sendReachableWatchMessage(payload, with: session)
+                return WatchNotificationSendResult(
+                    deliveredImmediately: true,
+                    queuedForDelivery: false,
+                    transport: "sendMessage")
+            } catch {
+                Self.logger.error(
+                    "watch snapshot sendMessage failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
+            }
+        }
+
+        do {
+            try session.updateApplicationContext(payload)
+            return WatchNotificationSendResult(
+                deliveredImmediately: false,
+                queuedForDelivery: true,
+                transport: "applicationContext")
+        } catch {
+            Self.logger.error(
+                "watch updateApplicationContext failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
+            _ = session.transferUserInfo(payload)
+            return WatchNotificationSendResult(
+                deliveredImmediately: false,
+                queuedForDelivery: true,
+                transport: "transferUserInfo")
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func updateCallbacks(_ update: (inout WatchConnectivityTransportCallbacks) -> Void) {
+        self.callbacksLock.lock()
+        defer { self.callbacksLock.unlock() }
+        update(&self.callbacks)
+    }
+
+    private func callbacksSnapshot() -> WatchConnectivityTransportCallbacks {
+        self.callbacksLock.lock()
+        defer { self.callbacksLock.unlock() }
+        return self.callbacks
+    }
+
+    private func requireReadySession() throws -> WCSession {
+        guard let session = self.session else {
+            throw WatchMessagingError.unsupported
+        }
+        let snapshot = Self.status(for: session)
+        guard snapshot.paired else {
+            throw WatchMessagingError.notPaired
+        }
+        guard snapshot.appInstalled else {
+            throw WatchMessagingError.watchAppNotInstalled
+        }
+        return session
+    }
+
+    private func ensureActivated() async {
+        guard let session = self.session else { return }
+        if session.activationState == .activated {
+            return
+        }
+        session.activate()
+        for _ in 0..<8 {
+            if session.activationState == .activated {
+                return
+            }
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 100_000_000)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func emitStatusUpdate(_ snapshot: WatchMessagingStatus) {
+        guard let handler = self.callbacksSnapshot().statusUpdateHandler else {
+            return
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            handler(snapshot)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func emitReply(_ event: WatchQuickReplyEvent) {
+        guard let handler = self.callbacksSnapshot().replyHandler else {
+            return
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            handler(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func emitExecApprovalResolve(_ event: WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) {
+        guard let handler = self.callbacksSnapshot().execApprovalResolveHandler else {
+            return
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            handler(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(_ event: WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) {
+        guard let handler = self.callbacksSnapshot().execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler else {
+            return
+        }
+        Task { @MainActor in
+            handler(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    nonisolated private static func status(for session: WCSession) -> WatchMessagingStatus {
+        WatchMessagingStatus(
+            supported: true,
+            paired: session.isPaired,
+            appInstalled: session.isWatchAppInstalled,
+            reachable: session.isReachable,
+            activationState: self.activationStateLabel(session.activationState))
+    }
+
+    nonisolated private static func activationStateLabel(_ state: WCSessionActivationState) -> String {
+        switch state {
+        case .notActivated:
+            "notActivated"
+        case .inactive:
+            "inactive"
+        case .activated:
+            "activated"
+        @unknown default:
+            "unknown"
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+extension WatchConnectivityTransport: WCSessionDelegate {
+    func session(
+        _ session: WCSession,
+        activationDidCompleteWith activationState: WCSessionActivationState,
+        error: (any Error)?)
+    {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log(
+            "watch messaging: activation complete state=\(Self.activationStateLabel(activationState)) error=\(error?.localizedDescription ?? "none")")
+        if let error {
+            Self.logger.error("watch activation failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
+        } else {
+            Self.logger.debug(
+                "watch activation state=\(Self.activationStateLabel(activationState), privacy: .public)")
+        }
+        self.emitStatusUpdate(Self.status(for: session))
+    }
+
+    func sessionDidBecomeInactive(_: WCSession) {}
+
+    func sessionDidDeactivate(_ session: WCSession) {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("watch messaging: session did deactivate; reactivating")
+        session.activate()
+        self.emitStatusUpdate(Self.status(for: session))
+    }
+
+    func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
+        let type = (message["type"] as? String) ?? "unknown"
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("watch messaging: didReceiveMessage type=\(type)")
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseQuickReplyPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage") {
+            self.emitReply(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+            message,
+            transport: "sendMessage")
+        {
+            self.emitExecApprovalResolve(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalSnapshotRequestPayload(
+            message,
+            transport: "sendMessage")
+        {
+            self.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func session(
+        _: WCSession,
+        didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any],
+        replyHandler: @escaping ([String: Any]) -> Void)
+    {
+        let type = (message["type"] as? String) ?? "unknown"
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("watch messaging: didReceiveMessageWithReply type=\(type)")
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseQuickReplyPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage") {
+            replyHandler(["ok": true])
+            self.emitReply(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+            message,
+            transport: "sendMessage")
+        {
+            replyHandler(["ok": true])
+            self.emitExecApprovalResolve(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalSnapshotRequestPayload(
+            message,
+            transport: "sendMessage")
+        {
+            replyHandler(["ok": true])
+            self.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(event)
+            return
+        }
+        replyHandler(["ok": false, "error": "unsupported_payload"])
+    }
+
+    func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveUserInfo userInfo: [String: Any]) {
+        let type = (userInfo["type"] as? String) ?? "unknown"
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log("watch messaging: didReceiveUserInfo type=\(type)")
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseQuickReplyPayload(
+            userInfo,
+            transport: "transferUserInfo")
+        {
+            self.emitReply(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+            userInfo,
+            transport: "transferUserInfo")
+        {
+            self.emitExecApprovalResolve(event)
+            return
+        }
+        if let event = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.parseExecApprovalSnapshotRequestPayload(
+            userInfo,
+            transport: "transferUserInfo")
+        {
+            self.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(event)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func sessionReachabilityDidChange(_ session: WCSession) {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log(
+            "watch messaging: reachability changed reachable=\(session.isReachable) paired=\(session.isPaired) installed=\(session.isWatchAppInstalled)")
+        self.emitStatusUpdate(Self.status(for: session))
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Services/WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+import Foundation
+import OpenClawKit
+
+enum WatchMessagingPayloadCodec {
+    static func nowMs() -> Int {
+        Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)
+    }
+
+    static func nonEmpty(_ value: String?) -> String? {
+        let trimmed = value?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    }
+
+    static func encodeNotificationPayload(
+        id: String,
+        params: OpenClawWatchNotifyParams) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": OpenClawWatchPayloadType.notify.rawValue,
+            "id": id,
+            "title": params.title,
+            "body": params.body,
+            "priority": params.priority?.rawValue ?? OpenClawNotificationPriority.active.rawValue,
+            "sentAtMs": nowMs(),
+        ]
+        if let promptId = nonEmpty(params.promptId) {
+            payload["promptId"] = promptId
+        }
+        if let sessionKey = nonEmpty(params.sessionKey) {
+            payload["sessionKey"] = sessionKey
+        }
+        if let kind = nonEmpty(params.kind) {
+            payload["kind"] = kind
+        }
+        if let details = nonEmpty(params.details) {
+            payload["details"] = details
+        }
+        if let expiresAtMs = params.expiresAtMs {
+            payload["expiresAtMs"] = expiresAtMs
+        }
+        if let risk = params.risk {
+            payload["risk"] = risk.rawValue
+        }
+        if let actions = params.actions, !actions.isEmpty {
+            payload["actions"] = actions.map { action in
+                var encoded: [String: Any] = [
+                    "id": action.id,
+                    "label": action.label,
+                ]
+                if let style = nonEmpty(action.style) {
+                    encoded["style"] = style
+                }
+                return encoded
+            }
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func encodeExecApprovalItem(_ item: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem) -> [String: Any] {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "id": item.id,
+            "commandText": item.commandText,
+            "allowedDecisions": item.allowedDecisions.map(\.rawValue),
+        ]
+        if let commandPreview = nonEmpty(item.commandPreview) {
+            payload["commandPreview"] = commandPreview
+        }
+        if let host = nonEmpty(item.host) {
+            payload["host"] = host
+        }
+        if let nodeId = nonEmpty(item.nodeId) {
+            payload["nodeId"] = nodeId
+        }
+        if let agentId = nonEmpty(item.agentId) {
+            payload["agentId"] = agentId
+        }
+        if let expiresAtMs = item.expiresAtMs {
+            payload["expiresAtMs"] = expiresAtMs
+        }
+        if let risk = item.risk {
+            payload["risk"] = risk.rawValue
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func encodeExecApprovalPromptPayload(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalPrompt.rawValue,
+            "approval": encodeExecApprovalItem(message.approval),
+        ]
+        if let sentAtMs = message.sentAtMs {
+            payload["sentAtMs"] = sentAtMs
+        }
+        if let deliveryId = nonEmpty(message.deliveryId) {
+            payload["deliveryId"] = deliveryId
+        }
+        if message.resetResolvingState == true {
+            payload["resetResolvingState"] = true
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func encodeExecApprovalResolvedPayload(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalResolved.rawValue,
+            "approvalId": message.approvalId,
+        ]
+        if let decision = message.decision {
+            payload["decision"] = decision.rawValue
+        }
+        if let resolvedAtMs = message.resolvedAtMs {
+            payload["resolvedAtMs"] = resolvedAtMs
+        }
+        if let source = nonEmpty(message.source) {
+            payload["source"] = source
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func encodeExecApprovalExpiredPayload(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalExpired.rawValue,
+            "approvalId": message.approvalId,
+            "reason": message.reason.rawValue,
+        ]
+        if let expiredAtMs = message.expiredAtMs {
+            payload["expiredAtMs"] = expiredAtMs
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func encodeExecApprovalSnapshotPayload(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalSnapshot.rawValue,
+            "approvals": message.approvals.map(encodeExecApprovalItem),
+        ]
+        if let sentAtMs = message.sentAtMs {
+            payload["sentAtMs"] = sentAtMs
+        }
+        if let snapshotId = nonEmpty(message.snapshotId) {
+            payload["snapshotId"] = snapshotId
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    static func parseQuickReplyPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any],
+        transport: String) -> WatchQuickReplyEvent?
+    {
+        guard (payload["type"] as? String) == OpenClawWatchPayloadType.reply.rawValue else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        guard let actionId = nonEmpty(payload["actionId"] as? String) else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let promptId = nonEmpty(payload["promptId"] as? String) ?? "unknown"
+        let replyId = nonEmpty(payload["replyId"] as? String) ?? UUID().uuidString
+        let actionLabel = nonEmpty(payload["actionLabel"] as? String)
+        let sessionKey = nonEmpty(payload["sessionKey"] as? String)
+        let note = nonEmpty(payload["note"] as? String)
+        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+
+        return WatchQuickReplyEvent(
+            replyId: replyId,
+            promptId: promptId,
+            actionId: actionId,
+            actionLabel: actionLabel,
+            sessionKey: sessionKey,
+            note: note,
+            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
+            transport: transport)
+    }
+
+    static func parseExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any],
+        transport: String) -> WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent?
+    {
+        guard (payload["type"] as? String) == OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalResolve.rawValue else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        guard let approvalId = nonEmpty(payload["approvalId"] as? String),
+              let rawDecision = nonEmpty(payload["decision"] as? String),
+              let decision = OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision(rawValue: rawDecision)
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let replyId = nonEmpty(payload["replyId"] as? String) ?? UUID().uuidString
+        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        return WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent(
+            replyId: replyId,
+            approvalId: approvalId,
+            decision: decision,
+            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
+            transport: transport)
+    }
+
+    static func parseExecApprovalSnapshotRequestPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any],
+        transport: String) -> WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent?
+    {
+        guard (payload["type"] as? String) == OpenClawWatchPayloadType.execApprovalSnapshotRequest.rawValue else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let requestId = nonEmpty(payload["requestId"] as? String) ?? UUID().uuidString
+        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        return WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent(
+            requestId: requestId,
+            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
+            transport: transport)
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Sources/Services/WatchMessagingService.swift

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 import Foundation
 import OpenClawKit
-import OSLog
-@preconcurrency import WatchConnectivity
 
 enum WatchMessagingError: LocalizedError {
     case unsupported
@@ -21,272 +19,136 @@ enum WatchMessagingError: LocalizedError {
 }
 
 @MainActor
-final class WatchMessagingService: NSObject, @preconcurrency WatchMessagingServicing {
-    nonisolated private static let logger = Logger(subsystem: "ai.openclaw", category: "watch.messaging")
-    private let session: WCSession?
-    private var pendingActivationContinuations: [CheckedContinuation<Void, Never>] = []
+final class WatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingServicing {
+    private let transport: WatchConnectivityTransport
+    private var statusHandler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?
+    private var lastEmittedStatus: WatchMessagingStatus?
     private var replyHandler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?
+    private var execApprovalResolveHandler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?
+    private var execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler: (
+        @Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?
 
-    override init() {
-        if WCSession.isSupported() {
-            self.session = WCSession.default
-        } else {
-            self.session = nil
+    init(transport: WatchConnectivityTransport = WatchConnectivityTransport()) {
+        self.transport = transport
+        self.transport.setStatusUpdateHandler { [weak self] snapshot in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.emitStatusIfChanged(snapshot)
+            }
         }
-        super.init()
-        if let session = self.session {
-            session.delegate = self
-            session.activate()
+        self.transport.setReplyHandler { [weak self] event in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.emitReply(event)
+            }
+        }
+        self.transport.setExecApprovalResolveHandler { [weak self] event in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.emitExecApprovalResolve(event)
+            }
+        }
+        self.transport.setExecApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler { [weak self] event in
+            Task { @MainActor [weak self] in
+                self?.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(event)
+            }
         }
     }
 
     nonisolated static func isSupportedOnDevice() -> Bool {
-        WCSession.isSupported()
+        WatchConnectivityTransport.isSupportedOnDevice()
     }
 
     nonisolated static func currentStatusSnapshot() -> WatchMessagingStatus {
-        guard WCSession.isSupported() else {
-            return WatchMessagingStatus(
-                supported: false,
-                paired: false,
-                appInstalled: false,
-                reachable: false,
-                activationState: "unsupported")
-        }
-        let session = WCSession.default
-        return status(for: session)
+        WatchConnectivityTransport.currentStatusSnapshot()
     }
 
     func status() async -> WatchMessagingStatus {
-        await self.ensureActivated()
-        guard let session = self.session else {
-            return WatchMessagingStatus(
-                supported: false,
-                paired: false,
-                appInstalled: false,
-                reachable: false,
-                activationState: "unsupported")
+        await self.transport.status()
+    }
+
+    func setStatusHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?) {
+        self.statusHandler = handler
+        guard let handler else {
+            self.lastEmittedStatus = nil
+            GatewayDiagnostics.log("watch messaging: cleared status handler")
+            return
         }
-        return Self.status(for: session)
+        let snapshot = self.transport.currentStatusSnapshot()
+        self.lastEmittedStatus = snapshot
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log(
+            "watch messaging: set status handler supported=\(snapshot.supported) paired=\(snapshot.paired) appInstalled=\(snapshot.appInstalled) reachable=\(snapshot.reachable) activation=\(snapshot.activationState)")
+        handler(snapshot)
     }
 
     func setReplyHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?) {
         self.replyHandler = handler
     }
 
+    func setExecApprovalResolveHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?) {
+        self.execApprovalResolveHandler = handler
+    }
+
+    func setExecApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler(
+        _ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?)
+    {
+        self.execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler = handler
+    }
+
     func sendNotification(
         id: String,
         params: OpenClawWatchNotifyParams) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
     {
-        await self.ensureActivated()
-        guard let session = self.session else {
-            throw WatchMessagingError.unsupported
-        }
-
-        let snapshot = Self.status(for: session)
-        guard snapshot.paired else { throw WatchMessagingError.notPaired }
-        guard snapshot.appInstalled else { throw WatchMessagingError.watchAppNotInstalled }
-
-        var payload: [String: Any] = [
-            "type": "watch.notify",
-            "id": id,
-            "title": params.title,
-            "body": params.body,
-            "priority": params.priority?.rawValue ?? OpenClawNotificationPriority.active.rawValue,
-            "sentAtMs": Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000),
-        ]
-        if let promptId = Self.nonEmpty(params.promptId) {
-            payload["promptId"] = promptId
-        }
-        if let sessionKey = Self.nonEmpty(params.sessionKey) {
-            payload["sessionKey"] = sessionKey
-        }
-        if let kind = Self.nonEmpty(params.kind) {
-            payload["kind"] = kind
-        }
-        if let details = Self.nonEmpty(params.details) {
-            payload["details"] = details
-        }
-        if let expiresAtMs = params.expiresAtMs {
-            payload["expiresAtMs"] = expiresAtMs
-        }
-        if let risk = params.risk {
-            payload["risk"] = risk.rawValue
-        }
-        if let actions = params.actions, !actions.isEmpty {
-            payload["actions"] = actions.map { action in
-                var encoded: [String: Any] = [
-                    "id": action.id,
-                    "label": action.label,
-                ]
-                if let style = Self.nonEmpty(action.style) {
-                    encoded["style"] = style
-                }
-                return encoded
-            }
-        }
-
-        if snapshot.reachable {
-            do {
-                try await self.sendReachableMessage(payload, with: session)
-                return WatchNotificationSendResult(
-                    deliveredImmediately: true,
-                    queuedForDelivery: false,
-                    transport: "sendMessage")
-            } catch {
-                Self.logger.error("watch sendMessage failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
-            }
-        }
-
-        _ = session.transferUserInfo(payload)
-        return WatchNotificationSendResult(
-            deliveredImmediately: false,
-            queuedForDelivery: true,
-            transport: "transferUserInfo")
+        let payload = WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.encodeNotificationPayload(id: id, params: params)
+        return try await self.transport.sendPayload(payload)
     }
 
-    private func sendReachableMessage(_ payload: [String: Any], with session: WCSession) async throws {
-        try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
-            session.sendMessage(
-                payload,
-                replyHandler: { _ in
-                    continuation.resume()
-                },
-                errorHandler: { error in
-                    continuation.resume(throwing: error)
-                }
-            )
+    func sendExecApprovalPrompt(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        try await self.transport.sendPayload(
+            WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.encodeExecApprovalPromptPayload(message))
+    }
+
+    func sendExecApprovalResolved(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        try await self.transport.sendPayload(
+            WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.encodeExecApprovalResolvedPayload(message))
+    }
+
+    func sendExecApprovalExpired(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        try await self.transport.sendPayload(
+            WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.encodeExecApprovalExpiredPayload(message))
+    }
+
+    func syncExecApprovalSnapshot(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        try await self.transport.sendSnapshotPayload(
+            WatchMessagingPayloadCodec.encodeExecApprovalSnapshotPayload(message))
+    }
+
+    private func emitStatusIfChanged(_ snapshot: WatchMessagingStatus) {
+        guard snapshot != self.lastEmittedStatus else {
+            return
         }
+        self.lastEmittedStatus = snapshot
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log(
+            "watch messaging: status supported=\(snapshot.supported) paired=\(snapshot.paired) appInstalled=\(snapshot.appInstalled) reachable=\(snapshot.reachable) activation=\(snapshot.activationState)")
+        self.statusHandler?(snapshot)
     }
 
     private func emitReply(_ event: WatchQuickReplyEvent) {
         self.replyHandler?(event)
     }
 
-    nonisolated private static func nonEmpty(_ value: String?) -> String? {
-        let trimmed = value?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
-        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    private func emitExecApprovalResolve(_ event: WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) {
+        self.execApprovalResolveHandler?(event)
     }
 
-    nonisolated private static func parseQuickReplyPayload(
-        _ payload: [String: Any],
-        transport: String) -> WatchQuickReplyEvent?
-    {
-        guard (payload["type"] as? String) == "watch.reply" else {
-            return nil
-        }
-        guard let actionId = nonEmpty(payload["actionId"] as? String) else {
-            return nil
-        }
-        let promptId = nonEmpty(payload["promptId"] as? String) ?? "unknown"
-        let replyId = nonEmpty(payload["replyId"] as? String) ?? UUID().uuidString
-        let actionLabel = nonEmpty(payload["actionLabel"] as? String)
-        let sessionKey = nonEmpty(payload["sessionKey"] as? String)
-        let note = nonEmpty(payload["note"] as? String)
-        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
-
-        return WatchQuickReplyEvent(
-            replyId: replyId,
-            promptId: promptId,
-            actionId: actionId,
-            actionLabel: actionLabel,
-            sessionKey: sessionKey,
-            note: note,
-            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
-            transport: transport)
-    }
-
-    private func ensureActivated() async {
-        guard let session = self.session else { return }
-        if session.activationState == .activated { return }
-        session.activate()
-        await withCheckedContinuation { continuation in
-            self.pendingActivationContinuations.append(continuation)
-        }
-    }
-
-    nonisolated private static func status(for session: WCSession) -> WatchMessagingStatus {
-        WatchMessagingStatus(
-            supported: true,
-            paired: session.isPaired,
-            appInstalled: session.isWatchAppInstalled,
-            reachable: session.isReachable,
-            activationState: activationStateLabel(session.activationState))
-    }
-
-    nonisolated private static func activationStateLabel(_ state: WCSessionActivationState) -> String {
-        switch state {
-        case .notActivated:
-            "notActivated"
-        case .inactive:
-            "inactive"
-        case .activated:
-            "activated"
-        @unknown default:
-            "unknown"
-        }
+    private func emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(_ event: WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) {
+        GatewayDiagnostics.log(
+            "watch messaging: snapshot request id=\(event.requestId) transport=\(event.transport) sentAtMs=\(event.sentAtMs ?? -1)")
+        self.execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler?(event)
     }
 }
-
-extension WatchMessagingService: WCSessionDelegate {
-    nonisolated func session(
-        _ session: WCSession,
-        activationDidCompleteWith activationState: WCSessionActivationState,
-        error: (any Error)?)
-    {
-        if let error {
-            Self.logger.error("watch activation failed: \(error.localizedDescription, privacy: .public)")
-        } else {
-            Self.logger.debug("watch activation state=\(Self.activationStateLabel(activationState), privacy: .public)")
-        }
-        // Always resume all waiters so callers never hang, even on error.
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            let waiters = self.pendingActivationContinuations
-            self.pendingActivationContinuations.removeAll()
-            for continuation in waiters {
-                continuation.resume()
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    nonisolated func sessionDidBecomeInactive(_ session: WCSession) {}
-
-    nonisolated func sessionDidDeactivate(_ session: WCSession) {
-        session.activate()
-    }
-
-    nonisolated func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
-        guard let event = Self.parseQuickReplyPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage") else {
-            return
-        }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.emitReply(event)
-        }
-    }
-
-    nonisolated func session(
-        _: WCSession,
-        didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any],
-        replyHandler: @escaping ([String: Any]) -> Void)
-    {
-        guard let event = Self.parseQuickReplyPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage") else {
-            replyHandler(["ok": false, "error": "unsupported_payload"])
-            return
-        }
-        replyHandler(["ok": true])
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.emitReply(event)
-        }
-    }
-
-    nonisolated func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveUserInfo userInfo: [String: Any]) {
-        guard let event = Self.parseQuickReplyPayload(userInfo, transport: "transferUserInfo") else {
-            return
-        }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.emitReply(event)
-        }
-    }
-
-    nonisolated func sessionReachabilityDidChange(_ session: WCSession) {}
-}

apps/ios/Tests/ExecApprovalNotificationBridgeTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import Foundation
+import Testing
+import UserNotifications
+@testable import OpenClaw
+
+private final class MockNotificationCenter: NotificationCentering, @unchecked Sendable {
+    var authorization: NotificationAuthorizationStatus = .authorized
+    var addedRequests: [UNNotificationRequest] = []
+    var pendingRemovedIdentifiers: [[String]] = []
+    var deliveredRemovedIdentifiers: [[String]] = []
+    var delivered: [NotificationSnapshot] = []
+
+    func authorizationStatus() async -> NotificationAuthorizationStatus {
+        self.authorization
+    }
+
+    func requestAuthorization(options _: UNAuthorizationOptions) async throws -> Bool {
+        true
+    }
+
+    func add(_ request: UNNotificationRequest) async throws {
+        self.addedRequests.append(request)
+    }
+
+    func removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async {
+        self.pendingRemovedIdentifiers.append(identifiers)
+    }
+
+    func removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers identifiers: [String]) async {
+        self.deliveredRemovedIdentifiers.append(identifiers)
+    }
+
+    func deliveredNotifications() async -> [NotificationSnapshot] {
+        self.delivered
+    }
+}
+
+@Suite(.serialized) struct ExecApprovalNotificationBridgeTests {
+    @Test func parsePromptMapsDefaultNotificationTap() {
+        let prompt = ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.parsePrompt(
+            actionIdentifier: UNNotificationDefaultActionIdentifier,
+            userInfo: [
+                "openclaw": [
+                    "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                    "approvalId": "approval-123",
+                ],
+            ])
+
+        #expect(prompt == ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt(approvalId: "approval-123"))
+    }
+
+    @Test func parsePromptMapsReviewAction() {
+        let prompt = ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.parsePrompt(
+            actionIdentifier: ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.reviewActionIdentifier,
+            userInfo: [
+                "openclaw": [
+                    "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                    "approvalId": "approval-456",
+                ],
+            ])
+
+        #expect(prompt == ExecApprovalNotificationPrompt(approvalId: "approval-456"))
+    }
+
+    @Test func parsePromptIgnoresUnexpectedActionIdentifiers() {
+        let prompt = ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.parsePrompt(
+            actionIdentifier: "openclaw.exec-approval.allow-once",
+            userInfo: [
+                "openclaw": [
+                    "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                    "approvalId": "approval-789",
+                ],
+            ])
+
+        #expect(prompt == nil)
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func handleResolvedPushRemovesMatchingNotifications() async {
+        let center = MockNotificationCenter()
+        center.delivered = [
+            NotificationSnapshot(
+                identifier: "remote-approval-1",
+                userInfo: [
+                    "openclaw": [
+                        "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                        "approvalId": "approval-123",
+                    ],
+                ]),
+            NotificationSnapshot(
+                identifier: "remote-other",
+                userInfo: [
+                    "openclaw": [
+                        "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.requestedKind,
+                        "approvalId": "approval-999",
+                    ],
+                ]),
+        ]
+
+        let handled = await ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.handleResolvedPushIfNeeded(
+            userInfo: [
+                "openclaw": [
+                    "kind": ExecApprovalNotificationBridge.resolvedKind,
+                    "approvalId": "approval-123",
+                ],
+            ],
+            notificationCenter: center)
+
+        #expect(handled)
+        #expect(center.pendingRemovedIdentifiers == [["exec.approval.approval-123"]])
+        #expect(center.deliveredRemovedIdentifiers == [["remote-approval-1"]])
+    }
+}

apps/ios/Tests/GatewayConnectionControllerTests.swift

@@ -70,6 +70,52 @@ import UIKit
         }
     }
 
+    @Test @MainActor func operatorConnectOptionsOnlyRequestApprovalScopeWhenEnabled() {
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel()
+        let withoutApprovalScope = appModel._test_makeOperatorConnectOptions(
+            clientId: "openclaw-ios",
+            displayName: "OpenClaw iOS",
+            includeApprovalScope: false)
+        let withApprovalScope = appModel._test_makeOperatorConnectOptions(
+            clientId: "openclaw-ios",
+            displayName: "OpenClaw iOS",
+            includeApprovalScope: true)
+
+        #expect(withoutApprovalScope.role == "operator")
+        #expect(withoutApprovalScope.scopes.contains("operator.read"))
+        #expect(withoutApprovalScope.scopes.contains("operator.write"))
+        #expect(!withoutApprovalScope.scopes.contains("operator.approvals"))
+        #expect(withoutApprovalScope.scopes.contains("operator.talk.secrets"))
+
+        #expect(withApprovalScope.scopes.contains("operator.approvals"))
+    }
+
+    @Test func operatorApprovalScopeRequestsStayBackwardCompatible() {
+        #expect(
+            !NodeAppModel._test_shouldRequestOperatorApprovalScope(
+                token: nil,
+                password: nil,
+                storedOperatorScopes: ["operator.read", "operator.write", "operator.talk.secrets"])
+        )
+        #expect(
+            NodeAppModel._test_shouldRequestOperatorApprovalScope(
+                token: nil,
+                password: nil,
+                storedOperatorScopes: [
+                    "operator.approvals",
+                    "operator.read",
+                    "operator.write",
+                    "operator.talk.secrets",
+                ])
+        )
+        #expect(
+            NodeAppModel._test_shouldRequestOperatorApprovalScope(
+                token: "shared-token",
+                password: nil,
+                storedOperatorScopes: [])
+        )
+    }
+
     @Test @MainActor func loadLastConnectionReadsSavedValues() {
         let prior = KeychainStore.loadString(service: "ai.openclaw.gateway", account: "lastConnection")
         defer {

apps/ios/Tests/NodeAppModelInvokeTests.swift

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import OpenClawKit
 import Foundation
 import Testing
 import UIKit
+import UserNotifications
 @testable import OpenClaw
 
 private func makeAgentDeepLinkURL(
@@ -45,16 +46,37 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
         transport: "sendMessage")
     var sendError: Error?
     var lastSent: (id: String, params: OpenClawWatchNotifyParams)?
+    var lastSentExecApprovalPrompt: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage?
+    var lastSentExecApprovalResolved: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage?
+    var lastSentExecApprovalExpired: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage?
+    var lastSentExecApprovalSnapshot: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage?
+    private var statusHandler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?
     private var replyHandler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?
+    private var execApprovalResolveHandler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?
+    private var execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?
 
     func status() async -> WatchMessagingStatus {
         self.currentStatus
     }
 
+    func setStatusHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchMessagingStatus) -> Void)?) {
+        self.statusHandler = handler
+    }
+
     func setReplyHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchQuickReplyEvent) -> Void)?) {
         self.replyHandler = handler
     }
 
+    func setExecApprovalResolveHandler(_ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) -> Void)?) {
+        self.execApprovalResolveHandler = handler
+    }
+
+    func setExecApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler(
+        _ handler: (@Sendable (WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) -> Void)?)
+    {
+        self.execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler = handler
+    }
+
     func sendNotification(id: String, params: OpenClawWatchNotifyParams) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult {
         self.lastSent = (id: id, params: params)
         if let sendError = self.sendError {
@@ -63,9 +85,87 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
         return self.nextSendResult
     }
 
+    func sendExecApprovalPrompt(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        self.lastSentExecApprovalPrompt = message
+        if let sendError = self.sendError {
+            throw sendError
+        }
+        return self.nextSendResult
+    }
+
+    func sendExecApprovalResolved(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        self.lastSentExecApprovalResolved = message
+        if let sendError = self.sendError {
+            throw sendError
+        }
+        return self.nextSendResult
+    }
+
+    func sendExecApprovalExpired(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        self.lastSentExecApprovalExpired = message
+        if let sendError = self.sendError {
+            throw sendError
+        }
+        return self.nextSendResult
+    }
+
+    func syncExecApprovalSnapshot(
+        _ message: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage) async throws -> WatchNotificationSendResult
+    {
+        self.lastSentExecApprovalSnapshot = message
+        if let sendError = self.sendError {
+            throw sendError
+        }
+        return self.nextSendResult
+    }
+
     func emitReply(_ event: WatchQuickReplyEvent) {
         self.replyHandler?(event)
     }
+
+    func emitExecApprovalResolve(_ event: WatchExecApprovalResolveEvent) {
+        self.execApprovalResolveHandler?(event)
+    }
+
+    func emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(_ event: WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent) {
+        self.execApprovalSnapshotRequestHandler?(event)
+    }
+}
+
+private final class MockBootstrapNotificationCenter: NotificationCentering, @unchecked Sendable {
+    var status: NotificationAuthorizationStatus = .notDetermined
+    var requestAuthorizationResult = false
+    var requestAuthorizationCalls = 0
+
+    func authorizationStatus() async -> NotificationAuthorizationStatus {
+        self.status
+    }
+
+    func requestAuthorization(options _: UNAuthorizationOptions) async throws -> Bool {
+        self.requestAuthorizationCalls += 1
+        if self.requestAuthorizationResult {
+            self.status = .authorized
+        } else {
+            self.status = .denied
+        }
+        return self.requestAuthorizationResult
+    }
+
+    func add(_: UNNotificationRequest) async throws {}
+
+    func removePendingNotificationRequests(withIdentifiers _: [String]) async {}
+
+    func removeDeliveredNotifications(withIdentifiers _: [String]) async {}
+
+    func deliveredNotifications() async -> [NotificationSnapshot] {
+        []
+    }
 }
 
 @Suite(.serialized) struct NodeAppModelInvokeTests {
@@ -96,6 +196,233 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
         #expect(appModel.mainSessionKey == "agent:agent-123:main")
     }
 
+    @Test @MainActor func execApprovalPromptPresentationTracksLatestNotificationTap() throws {
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel()
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-1",
+                    commandText: "echo first",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: nil,
+                    agentId: "main",
+                    expiresAtMs: 1)))
+
+        let firstPrompt = try #require(appModel._test_pendingExecApprovalPrompt())
+        #expect(firstPrompt.id == "approval-1")
+        #expect(firstPrompt.commandText == "echo first")
+        #expect(firstPrompt.allowsAllowAlways == false)
+
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-2",
+                    commandText: "echo second",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "allow-always", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: "node-2",
+                    agentId: nil,
+                    expiresAtMs: 2)))
+
+        let secondPrompt = try #require(appModel._test_pendingExecApprovalPrompt())
+        #expect(secondPrompt.id == "approval-2")
+        #expect(secondPrompt.commandText == "echo second")
+        #expect(secondPrompt.allowsAllowAlways)
+
+        appModel._test_dismissPendingExecApprovalPrompt()
+        #expect(appModel._test_pendingExecApprovalPrompt() == nil)
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func dismissPendingExecApprovalPromptByIdLeavesDifferentPromptVisible() throws {
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel()
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-active",
+                    commandText: "echo keep",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: nil,
+                    agentId: nil,
+                    expiresAtMs: 1)))
+
+        appModel.dismissPendingExecApprovalPrompt(approvalId: "approval-stale")
+
+        let prompt = try #require(appModel._test_pendingExecApprovalPrompt())
+        #expect(prompt.id == "approval-active")
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func presentingExecApprovalPromptSyncsWatchPrompt() async throws {
+        let watchService = MockWatchMessagingService()
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(watchMessagingService: watchService)
+        let prompt = try #require(
+            NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                id: "approval-watch-sync",
+                commandText: "npm publish",
+                allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                host: "gateway",
+                nodeId: "node-1",
+                agentId: "main",
+                expiresAtMs: 1234))
+
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(prompt)
+        await Task.yield()
+
+        let sent = try #require(watchService.lastSentExecApprovalPrompt)
+        #expect(sent.approval.id == "approval-watch-sync")
+        #expect(sent.approval.allowedDecisions == [.allowOnce, .deny])
+        #expect(sent.approval.host == "gateway")
+        #expect(sent.approval.risk == nil)
+        #expect(sent.resetResolvingState != true)
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func watchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestPublishesCachedApprovalsInBackground() async throws {
+        let watchService = MockWatchMessagingService()
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(watchMessagingService: watchService)
+        let futureExpiryMs = Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000) + 60_000
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-watch-snapshot",
+                    commandText: "echo from watch",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: nil,
+                    agentId: nil,
+                    expiresAtMs: futureExpiryMs)))
+        await Task.yield()
+
+        appModel.setScenePhase(.background)
+        watchService.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(
+            WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent(
+                requestId: "snapshot-1",
+                sentAtMs: 111,
+                transport: "sendMessage"))
+        await Task.yield()
+
+        let snapshot = try #require(watchService.lastSentExecApprovalSnapshot)
+        #expect(snapshot.approvals.map(\.id) == ["approval-watch-snapshot"])
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func watchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestSkipsForegroundRecovery() async throws {
+        let watchService = MockWatchMessagingService()
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(watchMessagingService: watchService)
+        let futureExpiryMs = Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000) + 60_000
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-watch-foreground-skip",
+                    commandText: "echo foreground",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: nil,
+                    agentId: nil,
+                    expiresAtMs: futureExpiryMs)))
+        await Task.yield()
+        watchService.lastSentExecApprovalSnapshot = nil
+
+        watchService.emitExecApprovalSnapshotRequest(
+            WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestEvent(
+                requestId: "snapshot-foreground",
+                sentAtMs: 222,
+                transport: "sendMessage"))
+        await Task.yield()
+
+        #expect(watchService.lastSentExecApprovalSnapshot == nil)
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func pendingWatchRecoveryIDsAreIncludedWithoutDeliveredNotifications() async {
+        NodeAppModel._test_resetPersistedWatchExecApprovalBridgeState()
+        defer { NodeAppModel._test_resetPersistedWatchExecApprovalBridgeState() }
+
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(notificationCenter: MockBootstrapNotificationCenter())
+        appModel._test_recordPendingWatchExecApprovalRecoveryID("approval-watch-recovery")
+
+        let ids = await appModel._test_pendingExecApprovalIDsForWatchRecovery()
+        #expect(ids == ["approval-watch-recovery"])
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func presentingExecApprovalPromptClearsPendingWatchRecoveryID() throws {
+        NodeAppModel._test_resetPersistedWatchExecApprovalBridgeState()
+        defer { NodeAppModel._test_resetPersistedWatchExecApprovalBridgeState() }
+
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(notificationCenter: MockBootstrapNotificationCenter())
+        appModel._test_recordPendingWatchExecApprovalRecoveryID("approval-watch-clear")
+        #expect(appModel._test_pendingWatchExecApprovalRecoveryIDs() == ["approval-watch-clear"])
+
+        appModel._test_presentExecApprovalPrompt(
+            try #require(
+                NodeAppModel._test_makeExecApprovalPrompt(
+                    id: "approval-watch-clear",
+                    commandText: "echo clear",
+                    allowedDecisions: ["allow-once", "deny"],
+                    host: "gateway",
+                    nodeId: nil,
+                    agentId: nil,
+                    expiresAtMs: Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000) + 60_000)))
+
+        #expect(appModel._test_pendingWatchExecApprovalRecoveryIDs().isEmpty)
+    }
+
+    @Test func approvalNotificationErrorClassificationPrefersStructuredDetails() {
+        let staleError = GatewayResponseError(
+            method: "exec.approval.get",
+            code: "INVALID_REQUEST",
+            message: "gateway error",
+            details: ["reason": AnyCodable("APPROVAL_NOT_FOUND")])
+        let unavailableError = GatewayResponseError(
+            method: "exec.approval.resolve",
+            code: "INVALID_REQUEST",
+            message: "gateway error",
+            details: ["reason": AnyCodable("APPROVAL_ALLOW_ALWAYS_UNAVAILABLE")])
+
+        #expect(NodeAppModel._test_isApprovalNotificationStaleError(staleError))
+        #expect(NodeAppModel._test_isApprovalNotificationUnavailableError(unavailableError))
+    }
+
+    @Test func backgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnectCoversWatchAndPushPaths() {
+        #expect(
+            NodeAppModel._test_shouldUseBackgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnect(
+                sourceReason: "watch_request",
+                isBackgrounded: true)
+        )
+        #expect(
+            NodeAppModel._test_shouldUseBackgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnect(
+                sourceReason: "push_request",
+                isBackgrounded: true)
+        )
+        #expect(
+            NodeAppModel._test_shouldUseBackgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnect(
+                sourceReason: "watch_resolve",
+                isBackgrounded: true)
+        )
+        #expect(
+            !NodeAppModel._test_shouldUseBackgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnect(
+                sourceReason: "direct",
+                isBackgrounded: true)
+        )
+        #expect(
+            !NodeAppModel._test_shouldUseBackgroundAwareExecApprovalReconnect(
+                sourceReason: "watch_request",
+                isBackgrounded: false)
+        )
+    }
+
+    @Test func watchExecApprovalHydrateFetchesOnlyMissingIDs() {
+        let idsToFetch = NodeAppModel._test_watchExecApprovalIDsNeedingFetch(
+            candidateIDs: ["cached", "pending", "cached", "other", "", "  pending  "],
+            cachedApprovalIDs: ["cached", "also-cached"])
+
+        #expect(idsToFetch == ["pending", "other"])
+    }
+
+    @Test func watchExecApprovalRetryPromptResetsResolvingStateOnlyForRetryReason() {
+        #expect(NodeAppModel._test_shouldResetWatchExecApprovalResolvingStateOnPrompt(reason: "resolve_retry"))
+        #expect(!NodeAppModel._test_shouldResetWatchExecApprovalResolvingStateOnPrompt(reason: "push_request"))
+        #expect(!NodeAppModel._test_shouldResetWatchExecApprovalResolvingStateOnPrompt(reason: "present_prompt"))
+    }
+
     @Test func operatorLoopWaitsForBootstrapHandoffBeforeUsingStoredToken() {
         #expect(
             !NodeAppModel._test_shouldStartOperatorGatewayLoop(
@@ -127,6 +454,15 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
         )
     }
 
+    @Test @MainActor func successfulBootstrapOnboardingRequestsNotificationAuthorization() async {
+        let center = MockBootstrapNotificationCenter()
+        let appModel = NodeAppModel(notificationCenter: center)
+
+        await appModel._test_handleSuccessfulBootstrapGatewayOnboarding()
+
+        #expect(center.requestAuthorizationCalls == 1)
+    }
+
     @Test func clearingBootstrapTokenStripsReconnectConfigEvenWithoutPersistence() {
         let config = GatewayConnectConfig(
             url: URL(string: "wss://gateway.example")!,
@@ -145,7 +481,7 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
                 clientMode: "node",
                 clientDisplayName: nil))
 
-        let cleared = NodeAppModel.clearingBootstrapToken(in: config)
+        let cleared = NodeAppModel._test_clearingBootstrapToken(in: config)
         #expect(cleared?.bootstrapToken == nil)
         #expect(cleared?.url == config.url)
         #expect(cleared?.stableID == config.stableID)
@@ -477,6 +813,7 @@ private final class MockWatchMessagingService: @preconcurrency WatchMessagingSer
                 note: nil,
                 sentAtMs: 1234,
                 transport: "transferUserInfo"))
+        await Task.yield()
         #expect(appModel._test_queuedWatchReplyCount() == 1)
     }
 

apps/ios/Tests/OpenClawAppDelegateTests.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import Testing
+@testable import OpenClaw
+
+@Suite(.serialized) struct OpenClawAppDelegateTests {
+    @Test @MainActor func resolvesRegistryModelBeforeViewTaskAssignsDelegateModel() {
+        let registryModel = NodeAppModel()
+        OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel = registryModel
+        defer { OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel = nil }
+
+        let delegate = OpenClawAppDelegate()
+
+        #expect(delegate._test_resolvedAppModel() === registryModel)
+    }
+
+    @Test @MainActor func prefersExplicitDelegateModelOverRegistryFallback() {
+        let registryModel = NodeAppModel()
+        let explicitModel = NodeAppModel()
+        OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel = registryModel
+        defer { OpenClawAppModelRegistry.appModel = nil }
+
+        let delegate = OpenClawAppDelegate()
+        delegate.appModel = explicitModel
+
+        #expect(delegate._test_resolvedAppModel() === explicitModel)
+    }
+}

apps/ios/WatchExtension/Sources/OpenClawWatchApp.swift

@@ -2,27 +2,79 @@ import SwiftUI
 
 @main
 struct OpenClawWatchApp: App {
+    @Environment(\.scenePhase) private var scenePhase
     @State private var inboxStore = WatchInboxStore()
     @State private var receiver: WatchConnectivityReceiver?
+    @State private var execApprovalRefreshTask: Task<Void, Never>?
 
     var body: some Scene {
         WindowGroup {
-            WatchInboxView(store: self.inboxStore) { action in
-                guard let receiver = self.receiver else { return }
-                let draft = self.inboxStore.makeReplyDraft(action: action)
-                self.inboxStore.markReplySending(actionLabel: action.label)
-                Task { @MainActor in
-                    let result = await receiver.sendReply(draft)
-                    self.inboxStore.markReplyResult(result, actionLabel: action.label)
-                }
-            }
+            WatchInboxView(
+                store: self.inboxStore,
+                onAction: { action in
+                    guard let receiver = self.receiver else { return }
+                    let draft = self.inboxStore.makeReplyDraft(action: action)
+                    self.inboxStore.markReplySending(actionLabel: action.label)
+                    Task { @MainActor in
+                        let result = await receiver.sendReply(draft)
+                        self.inboxStore.markReplyResult(result, actionLabel: action.label)
+                    }
+                },
+                onExecApprovalDecision: { approvalId, decision in
+                    guard let receiver = self.receiver else { return }
+                    self.inboxStore.markExecApprovalSending(approvalId: approvalId, decision: decision)
+                    Task { @MainActor in
+                        let result = await receiver.sendExecApprovalResolve(
+                            approvalId: approvalId,
+                            decision: decision)
+                        self.inboxStore.markExecApprovalSendResult(
+                            approvalId: approvalId,
+                            decision: decision,
+                            result: result)
+                    }
+                },
+                onRefreshExecApprovalReview: {
+                    self.refreshExecApprovalReview(force: true)
+                })
                 .task {
                     if self.receiver == nil {
                         let receiver = WatchConnectivityReceiver(store: self.inboxStore)
                         receiver.activate()
                         self.receiver = receiver
                     }
+                    self.refreshExecApprovalReview()
+                }
+                .onChange(of: self.scenePhase) { _, newPhase in
+                    guard newPhase == .active else { return }
+                    self.refreshExecApprovalReview()
                 }
         }
     }
+
+    private func refreshExecApprovalReview(force: Bool = false) {
+        guard let receiver = self.receiver else { return }
+        guard force || self.inboxStore.shouldAutoRequestExecApprovalSnapshot else { return }
+
+        self.execApprovalRefreshTask?.cancel()
+        self.execApprovalRefreshTask = Task { @MainActor in
+            self.inboxStore.beginExecApprovalReviewLoading()
+            for attempt in 0..<5 {
+                if Task.isCancelled { return }
+                await receiver.requestExecApprovalSnapshot()
+                if !self.inboxStore.execApprovals.isEmpty
+                    || self.inboxStore.hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefresh
+                {
+                    self.inboxStore.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
+                    return
+                }
+                if attempt < 4 {
+                    try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 700_000_000)
+                }
+            }
+            if self.inboxStore.execApprovals.isEmpty {
+                self.inboxStore.markExecApprovalReviewUnavailable(
+                    "Couldn't load approval from your iPhone yet.")
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

apps/ios/WatchExtension/Sources/WatchConnectivityReceiver.swift

@@ -52,6 +52,31 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
         }
     }
 
+    func requestExecApprovalSnapshot() async {
+        await self.ensureActivated()
+        guard let session = self.session else { return }
+        let request = WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestMessage(
+            requestId: UUID().uuidString,
+            sentAtMs: Self.nowMs())
+        let payload = Self.encodeSnapshotRequestPayload(request)
+        if session.isReachable {
+            do {
+                try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation(isolation: nil) {
+                    (continuation: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
+                    session.sendMessage(payload, replyHandler: { _ in
+                        continuation.resume(returning: ())
+                    }, errorHandler: { error in
+                        continuation.resume(throwing: error)
+                    })
+                }
+                return
+            } catch {
+                // Fall through to queued delivery.
+            }
+        }
+        _ = session.transferUserInfo(payload)
+    }
+
     func sendReply(_ draft: WatchReplyDraft) async -> WatchReplySendResult {
         await self.ensureActivated()
         guard let session = self.session else {
@@ -63,7 +88,7 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
         }
 
         var payload: [String: Any] = [
-            "type": "watch.reply",
+            "type": WatchPayloadType.reply.rawValue,
             "replyId": draft.replyId,
             "promptId": draft.promptId,
             "actionId": draft.actionId,
@@ -83,11 +108,38 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
             payload["note"] = note
         }
 
+        return await self.sendPayload(payload, session: session)
+    }
+
+    func sendExecApprovalResolve(
+        approvalId: String,
+        decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision) async -> WatchReplySendResult
+    {
+        await self.ensureActivated()
+        guard let session = self.session else {
+            return WatchReplySendResult(
+                deliveredImmediately: false,
+                queuedForDelivery: false,
+                transport: "none",
+                errorMessage: "watch session unavailable")
+        }
+
+        let payload = Self.encodeExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+            WatchExecApprovalResolveMessage(
+                approvalId: approvalId,
+                decision: decision,
+                replyId: UUID().uuidString,
+                sentAtMs: Self.nowMs()))
+        return await self.sendPayload(payload, session: session)
+    }
+
+    private func sendPayload(_ payload: [String: Any], session: WCSession) async -> WatchReplySendResult {
         if session.isReachable {
             do {
-                try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation { continuation in
+                try await withCheckedThrowingContinuation(isolation: nil) {
+                    (continuation: CheckedContinuation<Void, Error>) in
                     session.sendMessage(payload, replyHandler: { _ in
-                        continuation.resume()
+                        continuation.resume(returning: ())
                     }, errorHandler: { error in
                         continuation.resume(throwing: error)
                     })
@@ -110,6 +162,10 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
             errorMessage: nil)
     }
 
+    private static func nowMs() -> Int {
+        Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)
+    }
+
     private static func normalizeObject(_ value: Any) -> [String: Any]? {
         if let object = value as? [String: Any] {
             return object
@@ -147,7 +203,9 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
     }
 
     private static func parseNotificationPayload(_ payload: [String: Any]) -> WatchNotifyMessage? {
-        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String, type == "watch.notify" else {
+        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String,
+              type == WatchPayloadType.notify.rawValue
+        else {
             return nil
         }
 
@@ -189,6 +247,153 @@ final class WatchConnectivityReceiver: NSObject, @unchecked Sendable {
             risk: risk,
             actions: actions)
     }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalDecision(_ value: Any?) -> WatchExecApprovalDecision? {
+        let raw = (value as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        return WatchExecApprovalDecision(rawValue: raw)
+    }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalItem(_ value: Any?) -> WatchExecApprovalItem? {
+        guard let payload = value.flatMap(Self.normalizeObject) else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let id = (payload["id"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        let commandText = (payload["commandText"] as? String)?
+            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        guard !id.isEmpty, !commandText.isEmpty else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let commandPreview = (payload["commandPreview"] as? String)?
+            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let host = (payload["host"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let nodeId = (payload["nodeId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let agentId = (payload["agentId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let expiresAtMs = (payload["expiresAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["expiresAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        let riskRaw = (payload["risk"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        let risk = WatchRiskLevel(rawValue: riskRaw)
+        let allowedDecisions = (payload["allowedDecisions"] as? [Any] ?? []).compactMap {
+            Self.parseExecApprovalDecision($0)
+        }
+        return WatchExecApprovalItem(
+            id: id,
+            commandText: commandText,
+            commandPreview: commandPreview,
+            host: host,
+            nodeId: nodeId,
+            agentId: agentId,
+            expiresAtMs: expiresAtMs,
+            allowedDecisions: allowedDecisions,
+            risk: risk)
+    }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalPromptPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any]) -> WatchExecApprovalPromptMessage?
+    {
+        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String,
+              type == WatchPayloadType.execApprovalPrompt.rawValue,
+              let approval = Self.parseExecApprovalItem(payload["approval"])
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        let deliveryId = (payload["deliveryId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        let resetResolvingState = payload["resetResolvingState"] as? Bool
+        return WatchExecApprovalPromptMessage(
+            approval: approval,
+            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
+            deliveryId: deliveryId,
+            resetResolvingState: resetResolvingState)
+    }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalResolvedPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any]) -> WatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage?
+    {
+        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String,
+              type == WatchPayloadType.execApprovalResolved.rawValue
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let approvalId = (payload["approvalId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        guard !approvalId.isEmpty else { return nil }
+        let decision = Self.parseExecApprovalDecision(payload["decision"])
+        let resolvedAtMs = (payload["resolvedAtMs"] as? Int)
+            ?? (payload["resolvedAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        let source = (payload["source"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        return WatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage(
+            approvalId: approvalId,
+            decision: decision,
+            resolvedAtMs: resolvedAtMs,
+            source: source)
+    }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalExpiredPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any]) -> WatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage?
+    {
+        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String,
+              type == WatchPayloadType.execApprovalExpired.rawValue
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let approvalId = (payload["approvalId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        let rawReason = (payload["reason"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        guard !approvalId.isEmpty,
+              let reason = WatchExecApprovalCloseReason(rawValue: rawReason)
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let expiredAtMs = (payload["expiredAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["expiredAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        return WatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage(
+            approvalId: approvalId,
+            reason: reason,
+            expiredAtMs: expiredAtMs)
+    }
+
+    private static func parseExecApprovalSnapshotPayload(
+        _ payload: [String: Any]) -> WatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage?
+    {
+        guard let type = payload["type"] as? String,
+              type == WatchPayloadType.execApprovalSnapshot.rawValue
+        else {
+            return nil
+        }
+        let approvals = (payload["approvals"] as? [Any] ?? []).compactMap { item in
+            Self.parseExecApprovalItem(item)
+        }
+        let sentAtMs = (payload["sentAtMs"] as? Int) ?? (payload["sentAtMs"] as? NSNumber)?.intValue
+        let snapshotId = (payload["snapshotId"] as? String)?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        return WatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage(
+            approvals: approvals,
+            sentAtMs: sentAtMs,
+            snapshotId: snapshotId)
+    }
+
+    private static func encodeSnapshotRequestPayload(
+        _ request: WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": WatchPayloadType.execApprovalSnapshotRequest.rawValue,
+            "requestId": request.requestId,
+        ]
+        if let sentAtMs = request.sentAtMs {
+            payload["sentAtMs"] = sentAtMs
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
+
+    private static func encodeExecApprovalResolvePayload(
+        _ message: WatchExecApprovalResolveMessage) -> [String: Any]
+    {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
+            "type": WatchPayloadType.execApprovalResolve.rawValue,
+            "approvalId": message.approvalId,
+            "decision": message.decision.rawValue,
+            "replyId": message.replyId,
+        ]
+        if let sentAtMs = message.sentAtMs {
+            payload["sentAtMs"] = sentAtMs
+        }
+        return payload
+    }
 }
 
 extension WatchConnectivityReceiver: WCSessionDelegate {
@@ -196,13 +401,14 @@ extension WatchConnectivityReceiver: WCSessionDelegate {
         _: WCSession,
         activationDidCompleteWith _: WCSessionActivationState,
         error _: (any Error)?)
-    {}
+    {
+        Task {
+            await self.requestExecApprovalSnapshot()
+        }
+    }
 
     func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any]) {
-        guard let incoming = Self.parseNotificationPayload(message) else { return }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.store.consume(message: incoming, transport: "sendMessage")
-        }
+        self.consumeIncomingPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage")
     }
 
     func session(
@@ -210,27 +416,47 @@ extension WatchConnectivityReceiver: WCSessionDelegate {
         didReceiveMessage message: [String: Any],
         replyHandler: @escaping ([String: Any]) -> Void)
     {
-        guard let incoming = Self.parseNotificationPayload(message) else {
-            replyHandler(["ok": false])
-            return
-        }
         replyHandler(["ok": true])
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.store.consume(message: incoming, transport: "sendMessage")
-        }
+        self.consumeIncomingPayload(message, transport: "sendMessage")
     }
 
     func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveUserInfo userInfo: [String: Any]) {
-        guard let incoming = Self.parseNotificationPayload(userInfo) else { return }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.store.consume(message: incoming, transport: "transferUserInfo")
-        }
+        self.consumeIncomingPayload(userInfo, transport: "transferUserInfo")
     }
 
     func session(_: WCSession, didReceiveApplicationContext applicationContext: [String: Any]) {
-        guard let incoming = Self.parseNotificationPayload(applicationContext) else { return }
-        Task { @MainActor in
-            self.store.consume(message: incoming, transport: "applicationContext")
+        self.consumeIncomingPayload(applicationContext, transport: "applicationContext")
+    }
+
+    private func consumeIncomingPayload(_ payload: [String: Any], transport: String) {
+        if let incoming = Self.parseNotificationPayload(payload) {
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self.store.consume(message: incoming, transport: transport)
+            }
+            return
+        }
+        if let prompt = Self.parseExecApprovalPromptPayload(payload) {
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self.store.consume(execApprovalPrompt: prompt, transport: transport)
+            }
+            return
+        }
+        if let resolved = Self.parseExecApprovalResolvedPayload(payload) {
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self.store.consume(execApprovalResolved: resolved)
+            }
+            return
+        }
+        if let expired = Self.parseExecApprovalExpiredPayload(payload) {
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self.store.consume(execApprovalExpired: expired)
+            }
+            return
+        }
+        if let snapshot = Self.parseExecApprovalSnapshotPayload(payload) {
+            Task { @MainActor in
+                self.store.consume(execApprovalSnapshot: snapshot, transport: transport)
+            }
         }
     }
 }

apps/ios/WatchExtension/Sources/WatchInboxStore.swift

@@ -3,6 +3,86 @@ import Observation
 import UserNotifications
 import WatchKit
 
+enum WatchPayloadType: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case notify = "watch.notify"
+    case reply = "watch.reply"
+    case execApprovalPrompt = "watch.execApproval.prompt"
+    case execApprovalResolve = "watch.execApproval.resolve"
+    case execApprovalResolved = "watch.execApproval.resolved"
+    case execApprovalExpired = "watch.execApproval.expired"
+    case execApprovalSnapshot = "watch.execApproval.snapshot"
+    case execApprovalSnapshotRequest = "watch.execApproval.snapshotRequest"
+}
+
+enum WatchRiskLevel: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case low
+    case medium
+    case high
+}
+
+enum WatchExecApprovalDecision: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case allowOnce = "allow-once"
+    case deny
+}
+
+enum WatchExecApprovalCloseReason: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case expired
+    case notFound = "not-found"
+    case unavailable
+    case replaced
+    case resolved
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalItem: Codable, Sendable, Equatable, Identifiable {
+    var id: String
+    var commandText: String
+    var commandPreview: String?
+    var host: String?
+    var nodeId: String?
+    var agentId: String?
+    var expiresAtMs: Int?
+    var allowedDecisions: [WatchExecApprovalDecision]
+    var risk: WatchRiskLevel?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalPromptMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var approval: WatchExecApprovalItem
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+    var deliveryId: String?
+    var resetResolvingState: Bool?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var approvalId: String
+    var decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision?
+    var resolvedAtMs: Int?
+    var source: String?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var approvalId: String
+    var reason: WatchExecApprovalCloseReason
+    var expiredAtMs: Int?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var approvals: [WatchExecApprovalItem]
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+    var snapshotId: String?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var requestId: String
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+}
+
+struct WatchExecApprovalResolveMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    var approvalId: String
+    var decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision
+    var replyId: String
+    var sentAtMs: Int?
+}
+
 struct WatchPromptAction: Codable, Sendable, Equatable, Identifiable {
     var id: String
     var label: String
@@ -23,6 +103,18 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
     var actions: [WatchPromptAction]
 }
 
+struct WatchExecApprovalRecord: Codable, Sendable, Equatable, Identifiable {
+    var approval: WatchExecApprovalItem
+    var transport: String
+    var updatedAt: Date
+    var isResolving: Bool
+    var pendingDecision: WatchExecApprovalDecision?
+    var statusText: String?
+    var statusAt: Date?
+
+    var id: String { self.approval.id }
+}
+
 @MainActor @Observable final class WatchInboxStore {
     private struct PersistedState: Codable {
         var title: String
@@ -39,13 +131,20 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
         var actions: [WatchPromptAction]?
         var replyStatusText: String?
         var replyStatusAt: Date?
+        var execApprovals: [WatchExecApprovalRecord]
+        var selectedExecApprovalID: String?
+        var lastExecApprovalSnapshotID: String?
+        var lastExecApprovalOutcomeText: String?
+        var lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt: Date?
     }
 
-    private static let persistedStateKey = "watch.inbox.state.v1"
+    private static let persistedStateKey = "watch.inbox.state.v2"
+    private static let defaultTitle = "OpenClaw"
+    private static let defaultBody = "Waiting for messages from your iPhone."
     private let defaults: UserDefaults
 
-    var title = "OpenClaw"
-    var body = "Waiting for messages from your iPhone."
+    var title = WatchInboxStore.defaultTitle
+    var body = WatchInboxStore.defaultBody
     var transport = "none"
     var updatedAt: Date?
     var promptId: String?
@@ -58,16 +157,88 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
     var replyStatusText: String?
     var replyStatusAt: Date?
     var isReplySending = false
+    var execApprovals: [WatchExecApprovalRecord] = []
+    var selectedExecApprovalID: String?
+    var lastExecApprovalOutcomeText: String?
+    var lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt: Date?
+    var isExecApprovalReviewLoading = false
+    var execApprovalReviewStatusText: String?
+    var execApprovalReviewStatusAt: Date?
+    private var lastExecApprovalSnapshotID: String?
+    private var hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefreshInSession = false
     private var lastDeliveryKey: String?
 
     init(defaults: UserDefaults = .standard) {
         self.defaults = defaults
         self.restorePersistedState()
+        self.pruneExpiredExecApprovals(nowMs: Self.nowMs())
         Task {
             await self.ensureNotificationAuthorization()
         }
     }
 
+    var sortedExecApprovals: [WatchExecApprovalRecord] {
+        self.execApprovals.sorted { lhs, rhs in
+            let lhsExpires = lhs.approval.expiresAtMs ?? Int.max
+            let rhsExpires = rhs.approval.expiresAtMs ?? Int.max
+            if lhsExpires != rhsExpires {
+                return lhsExpires < rhsExpires
+            }
+            return lhs.updatedAt > rhs.updatedAt
+        }
+    }
+
+    var activeExecApproval: WatchExecApprovalRecord? {
+        if let selectedExecApprovalID,
+           let selected = self.execApprovals.first(where: { $0.id == selectedExecApprovalID })
+        {
+            return selected
+        }
+        return self.sortedExecApprovals.first
+    }
+
+    var shouldAutoRequestExecApprovalSnapshot: Bool {
+        self.execApprovals.isEmpty
+            && self.actions.isEmpty
+            && self.title == Self.defaultTitle
+            && self.body == Self.defaultBody
+            && !self.hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefreshInSession
+    }
+
+    var hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefresh: Bool {
+        self.hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefreshInSession
+    }
+
+    var shouldShowExecApprovalReviewStatus: Bool {
+        self.execApprovals.isEmpty && !(self.execApprovalReviewStatusText?.isEmpty ?? true)
+    }
+
+    func beginExecApprovalReviewLoading() {
+        guard self.execApprovals.isEmpty else {
+            self.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
+            return
+        }
+        self.isExecApprovalReviewLoading = true
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusText = "Loading approval from iPhone…"
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusAt = Date()
+    }
+
+    func markExecApprovalReviewLoaded() {
+        self.isExecApprovalReviewLoading = false
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusText = nil
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusAt = nil
+    }
+
+    func markExecApprovalReviewUnavailable(_ message: String) {
+        guard self.execApprovals.isEmpty else {
+            self.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
+            return
+        }
+        self.isExecApprovalReviewLoading = false
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusText = message
+        self.execApprovalReviewStatusAt = Date()
+    }
+
     func consume(message: WatchNotifyMessage, transport: String) {
         let messageID = message.id?
             .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
@@ -82,6 +253,7 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
         self.title = normalizedTitle
         self.body = message.body
         self.transport = transport
+        self.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
         self.updatedAt = Date()
         self.promptId = message.promptId
         self.sessionKey = message.sessionKey
@@ -105,6 +277,209 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
         }
     }
 
+    func consume(
+        execApprovalPrompt message: WatchExecApprovalPromptMessage,
+        transport: String)
+    {
+        self.pruneExpiredExecApprovals(nowMs: Self.nowMs())
+        self.upsertExecApproval(
+            message.approval,
+            transport: transport,
+            keepSelectionIfPossible: true,
+            resetResolvingState: message.resetResolvingState == true)
+        self.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText = nil
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt = nil
+
+        Task {
+            await self.postLocalNotification(
+                identifier: "watch.execApproval.\(message.approval.id)",
+                title: "Exec approval required",
+                body: message.approval.commandPreview ?? message.approval.commandText,
+                risk: message.approval.risk?.rawValue)
+        }
+    }
+
+    func consume(
+        execApprovalSnapshot message: WatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage,
+        transport: String)
+    {
+        let snapshotID = message.snapshotId?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        if let snapshotID, !snapshotID.isEmpty, snapshotID == self.lastExecApprovalSnapshotID {
+            return
+        }
+
+        let existingRecordsByID = Dictionary(
+            uniqueKeysWithValues: self.execApprovals.map { ($0.id, $0) })
+        self.execApprovals = message.approvals.map { approval in
+            self.mergedExecApprovalRecord(
+                approval: approval,
+                transport: transport,
+                existingRecord: existingRecordsByID[approval.id])
+        }
+        self.lastExecApprovalSnapshotID = snapshotID
+        self.hasCompletedExecApprovalSnapshotRefreshInSession = true
+        if let selectedExecApprovalID,
+           !self.execApprovals.contains(where: { $0.id == selectedExecApprovalID })
+        {
+            self.selectedExecApprovalID = self.sortedExecApprovals.first?.id
+        } else if self.selectedExecApprovalID == nil {
+            self.selectedExecApprovalID = self.sortedExecApprovals.first?.id
+        }
+        self.pruneExpiredExecApprovals(nowMs: Self.nowMs())
+        self.markExecApprovalReviewLoaded()
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    func consume(execApprovalResolved message: WatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage) {
+        self.removeExecApproval(id: message.approvalId)
+        let statusText: String
+        switch message.decision {
+        case .allowOnce:
+            statusText = "Allowed once"
+        case .deny:
+            statusText = "Denied"
+        case nil:
+            statusText = "Approval resolved"
+        }
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText = statusText
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt = Date()
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    func consume(execApprovalExpired message: WatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage) {
+        self.removeExecApproval(id: message.approvalId)
+        let statusText: String
+        switch message.reason {
+        case .expired:
+            statusText = "Approval expired"
+        case .notFound:
+            statusText = "Approval no longer available"
+        case .resolved:
+            statusText = "Approval resolved elsewhere"
+        case .replaced:
+            statusText = "Approval replaced"
+        case .unavailable:
+            statusText = "Approval unavailable"
+        }
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText = statusText
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt = Date()
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    func selectExecApproval(id: String) {
+        let normalizedID = id.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        guard !normalizedID.isEmpty else { return }
+        guard self.execApprovals.contains(where: { $0.id == normalizedID }) else { return }
+        self.selectedExecApprovalID = normalizedID
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    func markExecApprovalSending(approvalId: String, decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision) {
+        guard let index = self.execApprovals.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == approvalId }) else { return }
+        self.execApprovals[index].isResolving = true
+        self.execApprovals[index].pendingDecision = decision
+        self.execApprovals[index].statusText = "Sending \(Self.decisionLabel(decision))…"
+        self.execApprovals[index].statusAt = Date()
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    func markExecApprovalSendResult(
+        approvalId: String,
+        decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision,
+        result: WatchReplySendResult)
+    {
+        guard let index = self.execApprovals.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == approvalId }) else { return }
+        if let errorMessage = result.errorMessage, !errorMessage.isEmpty {
+            self.execApprovals[index].isResolving = false
+            self.execApprovals[index].statusText = "Failed: \(errorMessage)"
+        } else if result.deliveredImmediately {
+            self.execApprovals[index].isResolving = true
+            self.execApprovals[index].statusText = "\(Self.decisionLabel(decision)): sent"
+        } else if result.queuedForDelivery {
+            self.execApprovals[index].isResolving = true
+            self.execApprovals[index].statusText = "\(Self.decisionLabel(decision)): queued"
+        } else {
+            self.execApprovals[index].isResolving = true
+            self.execApprovals[index].statusText = "\(Self.decisionLabel(decision)): sent"
+        }
+        self.execApprovals[index].pendingDecision = result.errorMessage == nil ? decision : nil
+        self.execApprovals[index].statusAt = Date()
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    private func upsertExecApproval(
+        _ approval: WatchExecApprovalItem,
+        transport: String,
+        keepSelectionIfPossible: Bool,
+        resetResolvingState: Bool = false)
+    {
+        if let index = self.execApprovals.firstIndex(where: { $0.id == approval.id }) {
+            self.execApprovals[index] = self.mergedExecApprovalRecord(
+                approval: approval,
+                transport: transport,
+                existingRecord: self.execApprovals[index],
+                resetResolvingState: resetResolvingState)
+        } else {
+            self.execApprovals.append(
+                self.mergedExecApprovalRecord(
+                    approval: approval,
+                    transport: transport,
+                    existingRecord: nil,
+                    resetResolvingState: resetResolvingState))
+        }
+        if !keepSelectionIfPossible || self.selectedExecApprovalID == nil {
+            self.selectedExecApprovalID = approval.id
+        }
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    private func mergedExecApprovalRecord(
+        approval: WatchExecApprovalItem,
+        transport: String,
+        existingRecord: WatchExecApprovalRecord?,
+        resetResolvingState: Bool = false) -> WatchExecApprovalRecord
+    {
+        // Preserve in-flight state across ordinary snapshot/prompt refreshes so duplicate
+        // submissions stay disabled, but clear it when the iPhone explicitly republishes a
+        // prompt after a failed resolve so the watch can retry.
+        let isResolving = resetResolvingState ? false : (existingRecord?.isResolving ?? false)
+        let pendingDecision = resetResolvingState ? nil : existingRecord?.pendingDecision
+        let statusText = resetResolvingState ? nil : existingRecord?.statusText
+        let statusAt = resetResolvingState ? nil : existingRecord?.statusAt
+        return WatchExecApprovalRecord(
+            approval: approval,
+            transport: transport,
+            updatedAt: Date(),
+            isResolving: isResolving,
+            pendingDecision: pendingDecision,
+            statusText: statusText,
+            statusAt: statusAt)
+    }
+
+    private func removeExecApproval(id: String) {
+        let normalizedID = id.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        guard !normalizedID.isEmpty else { return }
+        self.execApprovals.removeAll { $0.id == normalizedID }
+        if self.selectedExecApprovalID == normalizedID {
+            self.selectedExecApprovalID = self.sortedExecApprovals.first?.id
+        }
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
+    private func pruneExpiredExecApprovals(nowMs: Int) {
+        self.execApprovals.removeAll { record in
+            guard let expiresAtMs = record.approval.expiresAtMs else { return false }
+            return expiresAtMs <= nowMs
+        }
+        if let selectedExecApprovalID,
+           !self.execApprovals.contains(where: { $0.id == selectedExecApprovalID })
+        {
+            self.selectedExecApprovalID = self.sortedExecApprovals.first?.id
+        }
+        self.persistState()
+    }
+
     private func restorePersistedState() {
         guard let data = self.defaults.data(forKey: Self.persistedStateKey),
             let state = try? JSONDecoder().decode(PersistedState.self, from: data)
@@ -126,10 +501,15 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
         self.actions = state.actions ?? []
         self.replyStatusText = state.replyStatusText
         self.replyStatusAt = state.replyStatusAt
+        self.execApprovals = state.execApprovals
+        self.selectedExecApprovalID = state.selectedExecApprovalID
+        self.lastExecApprovalSnapshotID = state.lastExecApprovalSnapshotID
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText = state.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText
+        self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt = state.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt
     }
 
     private func persistState() {
-        guard let updatedAt = self.updatedAt else { return }
+        let updatedAt = self.updatedAt ?? self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt ?? Date()
         let state = PersistedState(
             title: self.title,
             body: self.body,
@@ -144,7 +524,12 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
             risk: self.risk,
             actions: self.actions,
             replyStatusText: self.replyStatusText,
-            replyStatusAt: self.replyStatusAt)
+            replyStatusAt: self.replyStatusAt,
+            execApprovals: self.execApprovals,
+            selectedExecApprovalID: self.selectedExecApprovalID,
+            lastExecApprovalSnapshotID: self.lastExecApprovalSnapshotID,
+            lastExecApprovalOutcomeText: self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText,
+            lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt: self.lastExecApprovalOutcomeAt)
         guard let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(state) else { return }
         self.defaults.set(data, forKey: Self.persistedStateKey)
     }
@@ -187,7 +572,7 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
             actionLabel: action.label,
             sessionKey: self.sessionKey,
             note: nil,
-            sentAtMs: Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000))
+            sentAtMs: Self.nowMs())
     }
 
     func markReplySending(actionLabel: String) {
@@ -227,4 +612,17 @@ struct WatchNotifyMessage: Sendable {
         _ = try? await UNUserNotificationCenter.current().add(request)
         WKInterfaceDevice.current().play(self.mapHapticRisk(risk))
     }
+
+    private static func decisionLabel(_ decision: WatchExecApprovalDecision) -> String {
+        switch decision {
+        case .allowOnce:
+            "Allow Once"
+        case .deny:
+            "Deny"
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func nowMs() -> Int {
+        Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)
+    }
 }

apps/ios/WatchExtension/Sources/WatchInboxView.swift

@@ -1,7 +1,246 @@
 import SwiftUI
 
 struct WatchInboxView: View {
-    @Bindable var store: WatchInboxStore
+    var store: WatchInboxStore
+    var onAction: ((WatchPromptAction) -> Void)?
+    var onExecApprovalDecision: ((String, WatchExecApprovalDecision) -> Void)?
+    var onRefreshExecApprovalReview: (() -> Void)?
+
+    var body: some View {
+        NavigationStack {
+            if self.store.sortedExecApprovals.count == 1,
+               let record = self.store.activeExecApproval
+            {
+                WatchExecApprovalDetailView(
+                    store: self.store,
+                    record: record,
+                    onDecision: self.onExecApprovalDecision)
+            } else if !self.store.sortedExecApprovals.isEmpty {
+                WatchExecApprovalListView(
+                    store: self.store,
+                    onDecision: self.onExecApprovalDecision)
+            } else if self.store.shouldShowExecApprovalReviewStatus {
+                WatchExecApprovalLoadingView(
+                    store: self.store,
+                    onRetry: self.onRefreshExecApprovalReview)
+            } else {
+                WatchGenericInboxView(store: self.store, onAction: self.onAction)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+private struct WatchExecApprovalLoadingView: View {
+    var store: WatchInboxStore
+    var onRetry: (() -> Void)?
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ScrollView {
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
+                Text("Exec approval")
+                    .font(.headline)
+
+                if self.store.isExecApprovalReviewLoading {
+                    ProgressView()
+                        .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+                }
+
+                if let statusText = self.store.execApprovalReviewStatusText, !statusText.isEmpty {
+                    Text(statusText)
+                        .font(.body)
+                        .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+                }
+
+                if !self.store.isExecApprovalReviewLoading {
+                    Button("Retry") {
+                        self.onRetry?()
+                    }
+                }
+
+                Text("Keep your iPhone nearby and unlocked if review details take a moment to appear.")
+                    .font(.footnote)
+                    .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                    .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+            }
+            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+            .padding()
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Exec approval")
+    }
+}
+
+private struct WatchExecApprovalListView: View {
+    var store: WatchInboxStore
+    var onDecision: ((String, WatchExecApprovalDecision) -> Void)?
+
+    var body: some View {
+        List {
+            Section("Exec approvals") {
+                ForEach(self.store.sortedExecApprovals) { record in
+                    NavigationLink {
+                        WatchExecApprovalDetailView(
+                            store: self.store,
+                            record: record,
+                            onDecision: self.onDecision)
+                    } label: {
+                        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 4) {
+                            Text(record.approval.commandPreview ?? record.approval.commandText)
+                                .font(.headline)
+                                .lineLimit(2)
+                            Text(self.metadataLine(for: record))
+                                .font(.footnote)
+                                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                                .lineLimit(2)
+                            if let statusText = record.statusText, !statusText.isEmpty {
+                                Text(statusText)
+                                    .font(.footnote)
+                                    .foregroundStyle(record.isResolving ? Color.secondary : Color.red)
+                                    .lineLimit(2)
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if let outcome = self.store.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText, !outcome.isEmpty {
+                Section("Last result") {
+                    Text(outcome)
+                        .font(.footnote)
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Approvals")
+    }
+
+    private func metadataLine(for record: WatchExecApprovalRecord) -> String {
+        var parts: [String] = []
+        if let host = record.approval.host, !host.isEmpty {
+            parts.append(host)
+        }
+        if let nodeId = record.approval.nodeId, !nodeId.isEmpty {
+            parts.append(nodeId)
+        }
+        if let expiresText = Self.expiresText(record.approval.expiresAtMs) {
+            parts.append(expiresText)
+        }
+        return parts.isEmpty ? "Pending review" : parts.joined(separator: " · ")
+    }
+
+    private static func expiresText(_ expiresAtMs: Int?) -> String? {
+        guard let expiresAtMs else { return nil }
+        let deltaSeconds = max(0, (expiresAtMs - Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)) / 1000)
+        if deltaSeconds < 60 {
+            return "Expires in <1m"
+        }
+        return "Expires in \(deltaSeconds / 60)m"
+    }
+}
+
+private struct WatchExecApprovalDetailView: View {
+    var store: WatchInboxStore
+    let record: WatchExecApprovalRecord
+    var onDecision: ((String, WatchExecApprovalDecision) -> Void)?
+
+    var body: some View {
+        ScrollView {
+            VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 10) {
+                Text(self.record.approval.commandText)
+                    .font(.headline)
+                    .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+
+                if let host = self.record.approval.host, !host.isEmpty {
+                    self.metadataRow(label: "Host", value: host)
+                }
+                if let nodeId = self.record.approval.nodeId, !nodeId.isEmpty {
+                    self.metadataRow(label: "Node", value: nodeId)
+                }
+                if let agentId = self.record.approval.agentId, !agentId.isEmpty {
+                    self.metadataRow(label: "Agent", value: agentId)
+                }
+                if let expiresText = Self.expiresText(self.record.approval.expiresAtMs) {
+                    self.metadataRow(label: "Expires", value: expiresText)
+                }
+                if let riskText = self.riskText(self.record.approval.risk) {
+                    self.metadataRow(label: "Risk", value: riskText)
+                }
+
+                if let statusText = self.currentRecord?.statusText, !statusText.isEmpty {
+                    Text(statusText)
+                        .font(.footnote)
+                        .foregroundStyle((self.currentRecord?.isResolving ?? false) ? Color.secondary : Color.red)
+                }
+
+                if let currentRecord,
+                   currentRecord.approval.allowedDecisions.contains(.allowOnce)
+                {
+                    Button("Allow Once") {
+                        self.onDecision?(currentRecord.id, .allowOnce)
+                    }
+                    .disabled(currentRecord.isResolving)
+                }
+
+                if let currentRecord,
+                   currentRecord.approval.allowedDecisions.contains(.deny)
+                {
+                    Button(role: .destructive) {
+                        self.onDecision?(currentRecord.id, .deny)
+                    } label: {
+                        Text("Deny")
+                            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
+                    }
+                    .disabled(currentRecord.isResolving)
+                }
+            }
+            .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
+            .padding()
+        }
+        .navigationTitle("Exec approval")
+        .onAppear {
+            self.store.selectExecApproval(id: self.record.id)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private var currentRecord: WatchExecApprovalRecord? {
+        self.store.execApprovals.first(where: { $0.id == self.record.id })
+    }
+
+    private func metadataRow(label: String, value: String) -> some View {
+        VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 2) {
+            Text(label)
+                .font(.caption2)
+                .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+            Text(value)
+                .font(.footnote)
+                .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func riskText(_ risk: WatchRiskLevel?) -> String? {
+        switch risk {
+        case .high:
+            return "High"
+        case .medium:
+            return "Medium"
+        case .low:
+            return "Low"
+        case nil:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func expiresText(_ expiresAtMs: Int?) -> String? {
+        guard let expiresAtMs else { return nil }
+        let deltaSeconds = max(0, (expiresAtMs - Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000)) / 1000)
+        if deltaSeconds < 60 {
+            return "<1 minute"
+        }
+        return "\(deltaSeconds / 60) minutes"
+    }
+}
+
+private struct WatchGenericInboxView: View {
+    var store: WatchInboxStore
     var onAction: ((WatchPromptAction) -> Void)?
 
     private func role(for action: WatchPromptAction) -> ButtonRole? {
@@ -18,40 +257,46 @@ struct WatchInboxView: View {
     var body: some View {
         ScrollView {
             VStack(alignment: .leading, spacing: 8) {
-                Text(store.title)
+                Text(self.store.title)
                     .font(.headline)
                     .lineLimit(2)
 
-                Text(store.body)
+                Text(self.store.body)
                     .font(.body)
                     .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
 
-                if let details = store.details, !details.isEmpty {
+                if let details = self.store.details, !details.isEmpty {
                     Text(details)
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                         .fixedSize(horizontal: false, vertical: true)
                 }
 
-                if !store.actions.isEmpty {
-                    ForEach(store.actions) { action in
+                if let outcome = self.store.lastExecApprovalOutcomeText, !outcome.isEmpty {
+                    Text(outcome)
+                        .font(.footnote)
+                        .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
+                }
+
+                if !self.store.actions.isEmpty {
+                    ForEach(self.store.actions) { action in
                         Button(role: self.role(for: action)) {
                             self.onAction?(action)
                         } label: {
                             Text(action.label)
                                 .frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
                         }
-                        .disabled(store.isReplySending)
+                        .disabled(self.store.isReplySending)
                     }
                 }
 
-                if let replyStatusText = store.replyStatusText, !replyStatusText.isEmpty {
+                if let replyStatusText = self.store.replyStatusText, !replyStatusText.isEmpty {
                     Text(replyStatusText)
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
                 }
 
-                if let updatedAt = store.updatedAt {
+                if let updatedAt = self.store.updatedAt {
                     Text("Updated \(updatedAt.formatted(date: .omitted, time: .shortened))")
                         .font(.footnote)
                         .foregroundStyle(.secondary)
@@ -60,5 +305,6 @@ struct WatchInboxView: View {
             .frame(maxWidth: .infinity, alignment: .leading)
             .padding()
         }
+        .navigationTitle("OpenClaw")
     }
 }

apps/ios/fastlane/SETUP.md

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ ASC_KEYCHAIN_SERVICE=openclaw-asc-key
 ASC_KEYCHAIN_ACCOUNT=YOUR_MAC_USERNAME
 ```
 
+Important: `apps/ios/fastlane/.env` is only for Fastlane/App Store Connect auth and optional beta-archive settings. It does **not** configure gateway-side direct APNs push delivery for local iOS builds.
+
 Optional app targeting variables (helpful if Fastlane cannot auto-resolve app by bundle):
 
 ```bash
@@ -53,6 +55,8 @@ IOS_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM=YOUR_TEAM_ID
 
 Tip: run `scripts/ios-team-id.sh` from repo root to print a Team ID for `.env`. The helper prefers the canonical OpenClaw team (`Y5PE65HELJ`) when present locally; otherwise it prefers the first non-personal team from your Xcode account (then personal team if needed). Fastlane uses this helper automatically if `IOS_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM` is missing.
 
+For local/manual iOS builds that stay on direct APNs, configure the gateway host separately with `OPENCLAW_APNS_TEAM_ID`, `OPENCLAW_APNS_KEY_ID`, and either `OPENCLAW_APNS_PRIVATE_KEY_P8` or `OPENCLAW_APNS_PRIVATE_KEY_PATH`. Those gateway runtime env vars are separate from Fastlane's `.env`.
+
 Validate auth:
 
 ```bash
@@ -86,6 +90,43 @@ cd apps/ios
 fastlane ios beta
 ```
 
+Maintainer recovery path for a fresh clone on the same Mac:
+
+1. Reuse the existing Keychain-backed ASC key on that machine.
+2. Restore or recreate `apps/ios/fastlane/.env` so it contains the non-secret variables:
+
+```bash
+ASC_KEY_ID=YOUR_KEY_ID
+ASC_ISSUER_ID=YOUR_ISSUER_ID
+ASC_KEYCHAIN_SERVICE=openclaw-asc-key
+ASC_KEYCHAIN_ACCOUNT=YOUR_MAC_USERNAME
+```
+
+3. Re-run auth validation:
+
+```bash
+cd apps/ios
+fastlane ios auth_check
+```
+
+4. Set the official/TestFlight relay URL before release:
+
+```bash
+export OPENCLAW_PUSH_RELAY_BASE_URL=https://relay.example.com
+```
+
+5. Upload:
+
+```bash
+pnpm ios:beta
+```
+
+Quick verification after upload:
+
+- confirm `apps/ios/build/beta/OpenClaw-<version>.ipa` exists
+- confirm Fastlane prints `Uploaded iOS beta: version=<version> short=<short> build=<build>`
+- remember that TestFlight processing can take a few minutes after the upload succeeds
+
 Versioning rules:
 
 - Root `package.json.version` is the single source of truth for iOS

apps/ios/project.yml

@@ -237,12 +237,19 @@ targets:
     configFiles:
       Debug: Config/Signing.xcconfig
       Release: Config/Signing.xcconfig
+    attributes:
+      DevelopmentTeam: "$(OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)"
+      ProvisioningStyle: "$(OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE)"
     settings:
       base:
         ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME: AppIcon
+        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Apple Development"
+        CODE_SIGN_STYLE: "$(OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE)"
+        DEVELOPMENT_TEAM: "$(OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)"
         ENABLE_APPINTENTS_METADATA: NO
         ENABLE_APP_INTENTS_METADATA_GENERATION: NO
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: "$(OPENCLAW_WATCH_APP_BUNDLE_ID)"
+        PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER: "$(OPENCLAW_WATCH_APP_PROFILE)"
     info:
       path: WatchApp/Info.plist
       properties:
@@ -265,9 +272,16 @@ targets:
     configFiles:
       Debug: Config/Signing.xcconfig
       Release: Config/Signing.xcconfig
+    attributes:
+      DevelopmentTeam: "$(OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)"
+      ProvisioningStyle: "$(OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE)"
     settings:
       base:
+        CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY: "Apple Development"
+        CODE_SIGN_STYLE: "$(OPENCLAW_CODE_SIGN_STYLE)"
+        DEVELOPMENT_TEAM: "$(OPENCLAW_DEVELOPMENT_TEAM)"
         PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER: "$(OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_BUNDLE_ID)"
+        PROVISIONING_PROFILE_SPECIFIER: "$(OPENCLAW_WATCH_EXTENSION_PROFILE)"
     info:
       path: WatchExtension/Info.plist
       properties:

apps/macos/Sources/OpenClaw/GatewayEnvironment.swift

@@ -299,6 +299,10 @@ enum GatewayEnvironment {
         if normalized.lowercased().hasPrefix("openclaw ") {
             normalized = String(normalized.dropFirst("openclaw ".count))
         }
+        // Strip trailing commit metadata, e.g. "2026.4.2 (d74a122)" → "2026.4.2"
+        if let parenRange = normalized.range(of: #"\s*\([0-9a-fA-F]+\)\s*$"#, options: .regularExpression) {
+            normalized = String(normalized[normalized.startIndex..<parenRange.lowerBound])
+        }
         return normalized
     }
 

apps/macos/Sources/OpenClaw/Resources/Info.plist

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
     <key>CFBundlePackageType</key>
     <string>APPL</string>
     <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key>
-    <string>2026.4.3</string>
+    <string>2026.4.6</string>
     <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
-    <string>2026040301</string>
+    <string>2026040601</string>
     <key>CFBundleIconFile</key>
     <string>OpenClaw</string>
     <key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>

apps/macos/Sources/OpenClawDiscovery/WideAreaGatewayDiscovery.swift

@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ enum WideAreaGatewayDiscovery {
         guard let statusJson = context.tailscaleStatus(),
               !collectTailnetIPv4s(statusJson: statusJson).isEmpty,
               let discovery = loadWideAreaPtrRecords(
-            remaining: remaining,
-            dig: context.dig)
+                  remaining: remaining,
+                  dig: context.dig)
         else { return [] }
 
         let domainTrimmed = discovery.domainTrimmed

apps/macos/Sources/OpenClawProtocol/GatewayModels.swift

@@ -2019,6 +2019,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let modelid: String?
     public let outputformat: String?
     public let speed: Double?
+    public let ratewpm: Int?
     public let stability: Double?
     public let similarity: Double?
     public let style: Double?
@@ -2026,6 +2027,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let seed: Int?
     public let normalize: String?
     public let language: String?
+    public let latencytier: Int?
 
     public init(
         text: String,
@@ -2033,19 +2035,22 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         modelid: String?,
         outputformat: String?,
         speed: Double?,
+        ratewpm: Int?,
         stability: Double?,
         similarity: Double?,
         style: Double?,
         speakerboost: Bool?,
         seed: Int?,
         normalize: String?,
-        language: String?)
+        language: String?,
+        latencytier: Int?)
     {
         self.text = text
         self.voiceid = voiceid
         self.modelid = modelid
         self.outputformat = outputformat
         self.speed = speed
+        self.ratewpm = ratewpm
         self.stability = stability
         self.similarity = similarity
         self.style = style
@@ -2053,6 +2058,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         self.seed = seed
         self.normalize = normalize
         self.language = language
+        self.latencytier = latencytier
     }
 
     private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
@@ -2061,6 +2067,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         case modelid = "modelId"
         case outputformat = "outputFormat"
         case speed
+        case ratewpm = "rateWpm"
         case stability
         case similarity
         case style
@@ -2068,6 +2075,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         case seed
         case normalize
         case language
+        case latencytier = "latencyTier"
     }
 }
 
@@ -3411,6 +3419,20 @@ public struct ExecApprovalsSnapshot: Codable, Sendable {
     }
 }
 
+public struct ExecApprovalGetParams: Codable, Sendable {
+    public let id: String
+
+    public init(
+        id: String)
+    {
+        self.id = id
+    }
+
+    private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
+        case id
+    }
+}
+
 public struct ExecApprovalRequestParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let id: String?
     public let command: String?

apps/macos/Tests/OpenClawIPCTests/GatewayEnvironmentTests.swift

@@ -30,6 +30,17 @@ struct GatewayEnvironmentTests {
         #expect(Semver.parse(normalized) == Semver(major: 2026, minor: 3, patch: 23))
     }
 
+    @Test func `gateway version output strips trailing commit hash`() {
+        let normalized = GatewayEnvironment.normalizeGatewayVersionOutput("OpenClaw 2026.4.2 (d74a122)")
+        #expect(normalized == "2026.4.2")
+        #expect(Semver.parse(normalized) == Semver(major: 2026, minor: 4, patch: 2))
+
+        // Pre-release suffix + commit hash combined
+        let normalized2 = GatewayEnvironment.normalizeGatewayVersionOutput("OpenClaw 2026.4.2-1 (d74a122)")
+        #expect(normalized2 == "2026.4.2-1")
+        #expect(Semver.parse(normalized2) == Semver(major: 2026, minor: 4, patch: 2))
+    }
+
     @Test func `semver compatibility requires same major and not older`() {
         let required = Semver(major: 2, minor: 1, patch: 0)
         #expect(Semver(major: 2, minor: 1, patch: 0).compatible(with: required))

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/GatewayChannel.swift

@@ -542,6 +542,77 @@ public actor GatewayChannelActor {
             authSource: authSource)
     }
 
+    private func shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens() -> Bool {
+        guard self.lastAuthSource == .bootstrapToken else { return false }
+        let scheme = self.url.scheme?.lowercased()
+        if scheme == "wss" {
+            return true
+        }
+        if let host = self.url.host, LoopbackHost.isLoopback(host) {
+            return true
+        }
+        return false
+    }
+
+    private func filteredBootstrapHandoffScopes(role: String, scopes: [String]) -> [String]? {
+        let normalizedRole = role.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+        switch normalizedRole {
+        case "node":
+            return []
+        case "operator":
+            let allowedOperatorScopes: Set<String> = [
+                "operator.approvals",
+                "operator.read",
+                "operator.talk.secrets",
+                "operator.write",
+            ]
+            return Array(Set(scopes.filter { allowedOperatorScopes.contains($0) })).sorted()
+        default:
+            return nil
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func persistBootstrapHandoffToken(
+        deviceId: String,
+        role: String,
+        token: String,
+        scopes: [String]
+    ) {
+        guard let filteredScopes = self.filteredBootstrapHandoffScopes(role: role, scopes: scopes) else {
+            return
+        }
+        _ = DeviceAuthStore.storeToken(
+            deviceId: deviceId,
+            role: role,
+            token: token,
+            scopes: filteredScopes)
+    }
+
+    private func persistIssuedDeviceToken(
+        authSource: GatewayAuthSource,
+        deviceId: String,
+        role: String,
+        token: String,
+        scopes: [String]
+    ) {
+        if authSource == .bootstrapToken {
+            guard self.shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens() else {
+                return
+            }
+            self.persistBootstrapHandoffToken(
+                deviceId: deviceId,
+                role: role,
+                token: token,
+                scopes: scopes)
+            return
+        }
+        _ = DeviceAuthStore.storeToken(
+            deviceId: deviceId,
+            role: role,
+            token: token,
+            scopes: scopes)
+    }
+
     private func handleConnectResponse(
         _ res: ResponseFrame,
         identity: DeviceIdentity?,
@@ -572,18 +643,37 @@ public actor GatewayChannelActor {
         } else if let tick = ok.policy["tickIntervalMs"]?.value as? Int {
             self.tickIntervalMs = Double(tick)
         }
-        if let auth = ok.auth,
-           let deviceToken = auth["deviceToken"]?.value as? String {
-            let authRole = auth["role"]?.value as? String ?? role
-            let scopes = (auth["scopes"]?.value as? [ProtoAnyCodable])?
-                .compactMap { $0.value as? String } ?? []
-            if let identity {
-                _ = DeviceAuthStore.storeToken(
+        if let auth = ok.auth, let identity {
+            if let deviceToken = auth["deviceToken"]?.value as? String {
+                let authRole = auth["role"]?.value as? String ?? role
+                let scopes = (auth["scopes"]?.value as? [ProtoAnyCodable])?
+                    .compactMap { $0.value as? String } ?? []
+                self.persistIssuedDeviceToken(
+                    authSource: self.lastAuthSource,
                     deviceId: identity.deviceId,
                     role: authRole,
                     token: deviceToken,
                     scopes: scopes)
             }
+            if self.shouldPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens(),
+               let tokenEntries = auth["deviceTokens"]?.value as? [ProtoAnyCodable]
+            {
+                for entry in tokenEntries {
+                    guard let rawEntry = entry.value as? [String: ProtoAnyCodable],
+                          let deviceToken = rawEntry["deviceToken"]?.value as? String,
+                          let authRole = rawEntry["role"]?.value as? String
+                    else {
+                        continue
+                    }
+                    let scopes = (rawEntry["scopes"]?.value as? [ProtoAnyCodable])?
+                        .compactMap { $0.value as? String } ?? []
+                    self.persistBootstrapHandoffToken(
+                        deviceId: identity.deviceId,
+                        role: authRole,
+                        token: deviceToken,
+                        scopes: scopes)
+                }
+            }
         }
         self.lastTick = Date()
         self.tickTask?.cancel()

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/GatewayErrors.swift

@@ -127,6 +127,12 @@ public struct GatewayResponseError: LocalizedError, @unchecked Sendable {
         self.details = details ?? [:]
     }
 
+    public var detailsReason: String? {
+        let raw = self.details["reason"]?.value as? String
+        let trimmed = raw?.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines) ?? ""
+        return trimmed.isEmpty ? nil : trimmed
+    }
+
     public var errorDescription: String? {
         if self.code == "GATEWAY_ERROR" { return "\(self.method): \(self.message)" }
         return "\(self.method): [\(self.code)] \(self.message)"

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/ToolDisplay.swift

@@ -130,44 +130,7 @@ public enum ToolDisplayRegistry {
                     "messageId",
                 ],
                 actions: nil),
-            tools: [
-                "bash": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "🛠️",
-                    title: "Bash",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["command"],
-                    actions: nil),
-                "read": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "📖",
-                    title: "Read",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["path"],
-                    actions: nil),
-                "write": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "✍️",
-                    title: "Write",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["path"],
-                    actions: nil),
-                "edit": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "📝",
-                    title: "Edit",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["path"],
-                    actions: nil),
-                "attach": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "📎",
-                    title: "Attach",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["path", "url", "fileName"],
-                    actions: nil),
-                "process": ToolDisplaySpec(
-                    emoji: "🧰",
-                    title: "Process",
-                    label: nil,
-                    detailKeys: ["sessionId"],
-                    actions: nil),
-            ])
+            tools: nil)
     }
 
     private static func titleFromName(_ name: String) -> String {

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawKit/WatchCommands.swift

@@ -5,12 +5,36 @@ public enum OpenClawWatchCommand: String, Codable, Sendable {
     case notify = "watch.notify"
 }
 
+public enum OpenClawWatchPayloadType: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case notify = "watch.notify"
+    case reply = "watch.reply"
+    case execApprovalPrompt = "watch.execApproval.prompt"
+    case execApprovalResolve = "watch.execApproval.resolve"
+    case execApprovalResolved = "watch.execApproval.resolved"
+    case execApprovalExpired = "watch.execApproval.expired"
+    case execApprovalSnapshot = "watch.execApproval.snapshot"
+    case execApprovalSnapshotRequest = "watch.execApproval.snapshotRequest"
+}
+
 public enum OpenClawWatchRisk: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
     case low
     case medium
     case high
 }
 
+public enum OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case allowOnce = "allow-once"
+    case deny
+}
+
+public enum OpenClawWatchExecApprovalCloseReason: String, Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    case expired
+    case notFound = "not-found"
+    case unavailable
+    case replaced
+    case resolved
+}
+
 public struct OpenClawWatchAction: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
     public var id: String
     public var label: String
@@ -23,6 +47,151 @@ public struct OpenClawWatchAction: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
     }
 }
 
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem: Codable, Sendable, Equatable, Identifiable {
+    public var id: String
+    public var commandText: String
+    public var commandPreview: String?
+    public var host: String?
+    public var nodeId: String?
+    public var agentId: String?
+    public var expiresAtMs: Int?
+    public var allowedDecisions: [OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision]
+    public var risk: OpenClawWatchRisk?
+
+    public init(
+        id: String,
+        commandText: String,
+        commandPreview: String? = nil,
+        host: String? = nil,
+        nodeId: String? = nil,
+        agentId: String? = nil,
+        expiresAtMs: Int? = nil,
+        allowedDecisions: [OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision] = [],
+        risk: OpenClawWatchRisk? = nil)
+    {
+        self.id = id
+        self.commandText = commandText
+        self.commandPreview = commandPreview
+        self.host = host
+        self.nodeId = nodeId
+        self.agentId = agentId
+        self.expiresAtMs = expiresAtMs
+        self.allowedDecisions = allowedDecisions
+        self.risk = risk
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalPromptMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var approval: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem
+    public var sentAtMs: Int?
+    public var deliveryId: String?
+    public var resetResolvingState: Bool?
+
+    public init(
+        approval: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem,
+        sentAtMs: Int? = nil,
+        deliveryId: String? = nil,
+        resetResolvingState: Bool? = nil)
+    {
+        self.type = .execApprovalPrompt
+        self.approval = approval
+        self.sentAtMs = sentAtMs
+        self.deliveryId = deliveryId
+        self.resetResolvingState = resetResolvingState
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolveMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var approvalId: String
+    public var decision: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision
+    public var replyId: String
+    public var sentAtMs: Int?
+
+    public init(
+        approvalId: String,
+        decision: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision,
+        replyId: String,
+        sentAtMs: Int? = nil)
+    {
+        self.type = .execApprovalResolve
+        self.approvalId = approvalId
+        self.decision = decision
+        self.replyId = replyId
+        self.sentAtMs = sentAtMs
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalResolvedMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var approvalId: String
+    public var decision: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision?
+    public var resolvedAtMs: Int?
+    public var source: String?
+
+    public init(
+        approvalId: String,
+        decision: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalDecision? = nil,
+        resolvedAtMs: Int? = nil,
+        source: String? = nil)
+    {
+        self.type = .execApprovalResolved
+        self.approvalId = approvalId
+        self.decision = decision
+        self.resolvedAtMs = resolvedAtMs
+        self.source = source
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalExpiredMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var approvalId: String
+    public var reason: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalCloseReason
+    public var expiredAtMs: Int?
+
+    public init(
+        approvalId: String,
+        reason: OpenClawWatchExecApprovalCloseReason,
+        expiredAtMs: Int? = nil)
+    {
+        self.type = .execApprovalExpired
+        self.approvalId = approvalId
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.expiredAtMs = expiredAtMs
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var approvals: [OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem]
+    public var sentAtMs: Int?
+    public var snapshotId: String?
+
+    public init(
+        approvals: [OpenClawWatchExecApprovalItem],
+        sentAtMs: Int? = nil,
+        snapshotId: String? = nil)
+    {
+        self.type = .execApprovalSnapshot
+        self.approvals = approvals
+        self.sentAtMs = sentAtMs
+        self.snapshotId = snapshotId
+    }
+}
+
+public struct OpenClawWatchExecApprovalSnapshotRequestMessage: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
+    public var type: OpenClawWatchPayloadType
+    public var requestId: String
+    public var sentAtMs: Int?
+
+    public init(requestId: String, sentAtMs: Int? = nil) {
+        self.type = .execApprovalSnapshotRequest
+        self.requestId = requestId
+        self.sentAtMs = sentAtMs
+    }
+}
+
 public struct OpenClawWatchStatusPayload: Codable, Sendable, Equatable {
     public var supported: Bool
     public var paired: Bool

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Sources/OpenClawProtocol/GatewayModels.swift

@@ -2019,6 +2019,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let modelid: String?
     public let outputformat: String?
     public let speed: Double?
+    public let ratewpm: Int?
     public let stability: Double?
     public let similarity: Double?
     public let style: Double?
@@ -2026,6 +2027,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let seed: Int?
     public let normalize: String?
     public let language: String?
+    public let latencytier: Int?
 
     public init(
         text: String,
@@ -2033,19 +2035,22 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         modelid: String?,
         outputformat: String?,
         speed: Double?,
+        ratewpm: Int?,
         stability: Double?,
         similarity: Double?,
         style: Double?,
         speakerboost: Bool?,
         seed: Int?,
         normalize: String?,
-        language: String?)
+        language: String?,
+        latencytier: Int?)
     {
         self.text = text
         self.voiceid = voiceid
         self.modelid = modelid
         self.outputformat = outputformat
         self.speed = speed
+        self.ratewpm = ratewpm
         self.stability = stability
         self.similarity = similarity
         self.style = style
@@ -2053,6 +2058,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         self.seed = seed
         self.normalize = normalize
         self.language = language
+        self.latencytier = latencytier
     }
 
     private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
@@ -2061,6 +2067,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         case modelid = "modelId"
         case outputformat = "outputFormat"
         case speed
+        case ratewpm = "rateWpm"
         case stability
         case similarity
         case style
@@ -2068,6 +2075,7 @@ public struct TalkSpeakParams: Codable, Sendable {
         case seed
         case normalize
         case language
+        case latencytier = "latencyTier"
     }
 }
 
@@ -3411,6 +3419,20 @@ public struct ExecApprovalsSnapshot: Codable, Sendable {
     }
 }
 
+public struct ExecApprovalGetParams: Codable, Sendable {
+    public let id: String
+
+    public init(
+        id: String)
+    {
+        self.id = id
+    }
+
+    private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
+        case id
+    }
+}
+
 public struct ExecApprovalRequestParams: Codable, Sendable {
     public let id: String?
     public let command: String?

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tests/OpenClawKitTests/GatewayNodeSessionTests.swift

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ private extension NSLock {
 
 private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Sendable {
     private let lock = NSLock()
+    private let helloAuth: [String: Any]?
     private var _state: URLSessionTask.State = .suspended
     private var connectRequestId: String?
     private var connectAuth: [String: Any]?
@@ -20,6 +21,10 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Senda
     private var pendingReceiveHandler:
         (@Sendable (Result<URLSessionWebSocketTask.Message, Error>) -> Void)?
 
+    init(helloAuth: [String: Any]? = nil) {
+        self.helloAuth = helloAuth
+    }
+
     var state: URLSessionTask.State {
         get { self.lock.withLock { self._state } }
         set { self.lock.withLock { self._state = newValue } }
@@ -79,11 +84,11 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Senda
         for _ in 0..<50 {
             let id = self.lock.withLock { self.connectRequestId }
             if let id {
-                return .data(Self.connectOkData(id: id))
+                return .data(Self.connectOkData(id: id, auth: self.helloAuth))
             }
             try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 1_000_000)
         }
-        return .data(Self.connectOkData(id: "connect"))
+        return .data(Self.connectOkData(id: "connect", auth: self.helloAuth))
     }
 
     func receive(
@@ -110,8 +115,8 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Senda
         return (try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: frame)) ?? Data()
     }
 
-    private static func connectOkData(id: String) -> Data {
-        let payload: [String: Any] = [
+    private static func connectOkData(id: String, auth: [String: Any]? = nil) -> Data {
+        var payload: [String: Any] = [
             "type": "hello-ok",
             "protocol": 2,
             "server": [
@@ -137,6 +142,9 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Senda
                 "tickIntervalMs": 30_000,
             ],
         ]
+        if let auth {
+            payload["auth"] = auth
+        }
         let frame: [String: Any] = [
             "type": "res",
             "id": id,
@@ -149,9 +157,14 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketTask: WebSocketTasking, @unchecked Senda
 
 private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketSession: WebSocketSessioning, @unchecked Sendable {
     private let lock = NSLock()
+    private let helloAuth: [String: Any]?
     private var tasks: [FakeGatewayWebSocketTask] = []
     private var makeCount = 0
 
+    init(helloAuth: [String: Any]? = nil) {
+        self.helloAuth = helloAuth
+    }
+
     func snapshotMakeCount() -> Int {
         self.lock.withLock { self.makeCount }
     }
@@ -164,7 +177,7 @@ private final class FakeGatewayWebSocketSession: WebSocketSessioning, @unchecked
         _ = url
         return self.lock.withLock {
             self.makeCount += 1
-            let task = FakeGatewayWebSocketTask()
+            let task = FakeGatewayWebSocketTask(helloAuth: self.helloAuth)
             self.tasks.append(task)
             return WebSocketTaskBox(task: task)
         }
@@ -177,6 +190,7 @@ private actor SeqGapProbe {
     func value() -> Bool { self.saw }
 }
 
+@Suite(.serialized)
 struct GatewayNodeSessionTests {
     @Test
     func scannedSetupCodePrefersBootstrapAuthOverStoredDeviceToken() async throws {
@@ -234,6 +248,210 @@ struct GatewayNodeSessionTests {
         await gateway.disconnect()
     }
 
+    @Test
+    func bootstrapHelloStoresAdditionalDeviceTokens() async throws {
+        let tempDir = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString, isDirectory: true)
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: tempDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        let previousStateDir = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR"]
+        setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", tempDir.path, 1)
+        defer {
+            if let previousStateDir {
+                setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", previousStateDir, 1)
+            } else {
+                unsetenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR")
+            }
+            try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempDir)
+        }
+
+        let identity = DeviceIdentityStore.loadOrCreate()
+        let session = FakeGatewayWebSocketSession(helloAuth: [
+            "deviceToken": "node-device-token",
+            "role": "node",
+            "scopes": [],
+            "issuedAtMs": 1000,
+            "deviceTokens": [
+                [
+                    "deviceToken": "operator-device-token",
+                    "role": "operator",
+                    "scopes": [
+                        "node.exec",
+                        "operator.admin",
+                        "operator.approvals",
+                        "operator.pairing",
+                        "operator.read",
+                        "operator.talk.secrets",
+                        "operator.write",
+                    ],
+                    "issuedAtMs": 1001,
+                ],
+            ],
+        ])
+        let gateway = GatewayNodeSession()
+        let options = GatewayConnectOptions(
+            role: "node",
+            scopes: [],
+            caps: [],
+            commands: [],
+            permissions: [:],
+            clientId: "openclaw-ios-test",
+            clientMode: "node",
+            clientDisplayName: "iOS Test",
+            includeDeviceIdentity: true)
+
+        try await gateway.connect(
+            url: URL(string: "wss://example.invalid")!,
+            token: nil,
+            bootstrapToken: "fresh-bootstrap-token",
+            password: nil,
+            connectOptions: options,
+            sessionBox: WebSocketSessionBox(session: session),
+            onConnected: {},
+            onDisconnected: { _ in },
+            onInvoke: { req in
+                BridgeInvokeResponse(id: req.id, ok: true, payloadJSON: nil, error: nil)
+            })
+
+        let nodeEntry = try #require(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "node"))
+        let operatorEntry = try #require(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "operator"))
+        #expect(nodeEntry.token == "node-device-token")
+        #expect(nodeEntry.scopes == [])
+        #expect(operatorEntry.token == "operator-device-token")
+        #expect(operatorEntry.scopes == [
+            "operator.approvals",
+            "operator.read",
+            "operator.talk.secrets",
+            "operator.write",
+        ])
+
+        await gateway.disconnect()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    func nonBootstrapHelloStoresPrimaryDeviceTokenButNotAdditionalBootstrapTokens() async throws {
+        let tempDir = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString, isDirectory: true)
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: tempDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        let previousStateDir = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR"]
+        setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", tempDir.path, 1)
+        defer {
+            if let previousStateDir {
+                setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", previousStateDir, 1)
+            } else {
+                unsetenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR")
+            }
+            try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempDir)
+        }
+
+        let identity = DeviceIdentityStore.loadOrCreate()
+        let session = FakeGatewayWebSocketSession(helloAuth: [
+            "deviceToken": "server-node-token",
+            "role": "node",
+            "scopes": [],
+            "deviceTokens": [
+                [
+                    "deviceToken": "server-operator-token",
+                    "role": "operator",
+                    "scopes": ["operator.admin"],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ])
+        let gateway = GatewayNodeSession()
+        let options = GatewayConnectOptions(
+            role: "node",
+            scopes: [],
+            caps: [],
+            commands: [],
+            permissions: [:],
+            clientId: "openclaw-ios-test",
+            clientMode: "node",
+            clientDisplayName: "iOS Test",
+            includeDeviceIdentity: true)
+
+        try await gateway.connect(
+            url: URL(string: "wss://example.invalid")!,
+            token: "shared-token",
+            bootstrapToken: nil,
+            password: nil,
+            connectOptions: options,
+            sessionBox: WebSocketSessionBox(session: session),
+            onConnected: {},
+            onDisconnected: { _ in },
+            onInvoke: { req in
+                BridgeInvokeResponse(id: req.id, ok: true, payloadJSON: nil, error: nil)
+            })
+
+        let nodeEntry = try #require(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "node"))
+        #expect(nodeEntry.token == "server-node-token")
+        #expect(nodeEntry.scopes == [])
+        #expect(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "operator") == nil)
+
+        await gateway.disconnect()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    func untrustedBootstrapHelloDoesNotPersistBootstrapHandoffTokens() async throws {
+        let tempDir = FileManager.default.temporaryDirectory
+            .appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString, isDirectory: true)
+        try FileManager.default.createDirectory(at: tempDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
+        let previousStateDir = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR"]
+        setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", tempDir.path, 1)
+        defer {
+            if let previousStateDir {
+                setenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR", previousStateDir, 1)
+            } else {
+                unsetenv("OPENCLAW_STATE_DIR")
+            }
+            try? FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempDir)
+        }
+
+        let identity = DeviceIdentityStore.loadOrCreate()
+        let session = FakeGatewayWebSocketSession(helloAuth: [
+            "deviceToken": "untrusted-node-token",
+            "role": "node",
+            "scopes": [],
+            "deviceTokens": [
+                [
+                    "deviceToken": "untrusted-operator-token",
+                    "role": "operator",
+                    "scopes": [
+                        "operator.approvals",
+                        "operator.read",
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ])
+        let gateway = GatewayNodeSession()
+        let options = GatewayConnectOptions(
+            role: "node",
+            scopes: [],
+            caps: [],
+            commands: [],
+            permissions: [:],
+            clientId: "openclaw-ios-test",
+            clientMode: "node",
+            clientDisplayName: "iOS Test",
+            includeDeviceIdentity: true)
+
+        try await gateway.connect(
+            url: URL(string: "ws://example.invalid")!,
+            token: nil,
+            bootstrapToken: "fresh-bootstrap-token",
+            password: nil,
+            connectOptions: options,
+            sessionBox: WebSocketSessionBox(session: session),
+            onConnected: {},
+            onDisconnected: { _ in },
+            onInvoke: { req in
+                BridgeInvokeResponse(id: req.id, ok: true, payloadJSON: nil, error: nil)
+            })
+
+        #expect(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "node") == nil)
+        #expect(DeviceAuthStore.loadToken(deviceId: identity.deviceId, role: "operator") == nil)
+
+        await gateway.disconnect()
+    }
+
     @Test
     func normalizeCanvasHostUrlPreservesExplicitSecureCanvasPort() {
         let normalized = canonicalizeCanvasHostUrl(

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tests/OpenClawKitTests/TalkSystemSpeechSynthesizerTests.swift

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import XCTest
 @testable import OpenClawKit
 
+@MainActor
 final class TalkSystemSpeechSynthesizerTests: XCTestCase {
     func testWatchdogTimeoutDefaultsToLatinProfile() {
         let timeout = TalkSystemSpeechSynthesizer.watchdogTimeoutSeconds(

apps/shared/OpenClawKit/Tests/OpenClawKitTests/ToolDisplayRegistryTests.swift

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import Testing
     }
 
     @Test func resolvesKnownToolFromConfig() {
-        let summary = ToolDisplayRegistry.resolve(name: "bash", args: nil)
+        let summary = ToolDisplayRegistry.resolve(name: "exec", args: nil)
         #expect(summary.emoji == "🛠️")
-        #expect(summary.title == "Bash")
+        #expect(summary.title == "Exec")
     }
 }

docs/.generated/README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,21 @@
 # Generated Docs Artifacts
 
-These baseline artifacts are generated from the repo-owned OpenClaw config schema and bundled channel/plugin metadata.
+SHA-256 hash files are the tracked drift-detection artifacts. The full JSON
+baselines are generated locally (gitignored) for inspection only.
 
-- Do not edit `config-baseline.json` by hand.
-- Do not edit `config-baseline.core.json` by hand.
-- Do not edit `config-baseline.channel.json` by hand.
-- Do not edit `config-baseline.plugin.json` by hand.
-- Do not edit `plugin-sdk-api-baseline.json` by hand.
-- Do not edit `plugin-sdk-api-baseline.jsonl` by hand.
-- Regenerate config baseline artifacts with `pnpm config:docs:gen`.
-- Validate config baseline artifacts in CI or locally with `pnpm config:docs:check`.
-- Regenerate Plugin SDK API baseline artifacts with `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:gen`.
-- Validate Plugin SDK API baseline artifacts in CI or locally with `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:check`.
+**Tracked (committed to git):**
+
+- `config-baseline.sha256` — hashes of config baseline JSON artifacts.
+- `plugin-sdk-api-baseline.sha256` — hashes of Plugin SDK API baseline artifacts.
+
+**Local only (gitignored):**
+
+- `config-baseline.json`, `config-baseline.core.json`, `config-baseline.channel.json`, `config-baseline.plugin.json`
+- `plugin-sdk-api-baseline.json`, `plugin-sdk-api-baseline.jsonl`
+
+Do not edit any of these files by hand.
+
+- Regenerate config baseline: `pnpm config:docs:gen`
+- Validate config baseline: `pnpm config:docs:check`
+- Regenerate Plugin SDK API baseline: `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:gen`
+- Validate Plugin SDK API baseline: `pnpm plugin-sdk:api:check`

docs/.generated/config-baseline.sha256

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+1c74540dd152c55dbda3e5dee1e37008ee3e6aabb0608e571292832c7a1c012c  config-baseline.json
+7e30316f2326b7d07b71d7b8a96049a74b81428921299b5c4b5aa3d080e03305  config-baseline.core.json
+66edc86a9d16db1b9e9e7dd99b7032e2d9bcfb9ff210256a21f4b4f088cb3dc1  config-baseline.channel.json
+d6ebc4948499b997c4a3727cf31849d4a598de9f1a4c197417dcc0b0ec1b734f  config-baseline.plugin.json

docs/.generated/plugin-sdk-api-baseline.sha256

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+9883b1242051e830bafa7035351c9a2dd0fb84f81be28d7b5be2b69a1179e519  plugin-sdk-api-baseline.json
+43dd28ba4502b207413d00471ea2e4ae5cf644922ab153387fa4bf99e540e6d1  plugin-sdk-api-baseline.jsonl

docs/.i18n/README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,42 @@
 # OpenClaw docs i18n assets
 
-This folder stores **generated** and **config** files for documentation translations.
+This folder stores translation config for the source docs repo.
 
-## Files
+Generated locale trees and live translation memory now live in the publish repo:
 
-- `glossary.<lang>.json` — preferred term mappings (used in prompt guidance).
-- `<lang>.tm.jsonl` — translation memory (cache) keyed by workflow + model + text hash.
+- repo: `openclaw/docs`
+- local checkout: `~/Projects/openclaw-docs`
+
+## Source of truth
+
+- English docs are authored in `openclaw/openclaw`.
+- The source docs tree lives under `docs/`.
+- The source repo no longer keeps committed generated locale trees such as `docs/zh-CN/**`, `docs/ja-JP/**`, `docs/es/**`, `docs/pt-BR/**`, `docs/ko/**`, `docs/de/**`, `docs/fr/**`, `docs/ar/**`, `docs/it/**`, `docs/tr/**`, `docs/uk/**`, `docs/id/**`, or `docs/pl/**`.
+
+## End-to-end flow
+
+1. Edit English docs in `openclaw/openclaw`.
+2. Push to `main`.
+3. `openclaw/openclaw/.github/workflows/docs-sync-publish.yml` mirrors the docs tree into `openclaw/docs`.
+4. The sync script rewrites the publish `docs/docs.json` so the generated locale picker blocks exist there even though they are no longer committed in the source repo.
+5. `openclaw/docs/.github/workflows/translate-zh-cn.yml` refreshes `docs/zh-CN/**` once a day, on demand, and after source-repo release dispatches.
+6. `openclaw/docs/.github/workflows/translate-ja-jp.yml` does the same for `docs/ja-JP/**`.
+7. `openclaw/docs/.github/workflows/translate-es.yml`, `translate-pt-br.yml`, `translate-ko.yml`, `translate-de.yml`, `translate-fr.yml`, `translate-ar.yml`, `translate-it.yml`, `translate-tr.yml`, `translate-uk.yml`, `translate-id.yml`, and `translate-pl.yml` do the same for `docs/es/**`, `docs/pt-BR/**`, `docs/ko/**`, `docs/de/**`, `docs/fr/**`, `docs/ar/**`, `docs/it/**`, `docs/tr/**`, `docs/uk/**`, `docs/id/**`, and `docs/pl/**`.
+
+## Why the split exists
+
+- Keep generated locale output out of the main product repo.
+- Keep Mintlify on a single published docs tree.
+- Preserve the built-in language switcher by letting the publish repo own generated locale trees.
+
+## Files in this folder
+
+- `glossary.<lang>.json` — preferred term mappings used as prompt guidance.
+- `zh-Hans-navigation.json` — curated zh-Hans Mintlify locale navigation reinserted into the publish repo during sync.
+- `ar-navigation.json`, `de-navigation.json`, `es-navigation.json`, `fr-navigation.json`, `id-navigation.json`, `it-navigation.json`, `ja-navigation.json`, `ko-navigation.json`, `pl-navigation.json`, `pt-BR-navigation.json`, `tr-navigation.json` — starter locale metadata kept alongside the source repo, but the publish sync now clones the full English nav tree for these locales so translated pages are visible in Mintlify without hand-maintaining per-locale nav JSON.
+- `<lang>.tm.jsonl` — translation memory keyed by workflow + model + text hash.
+
+In this repo, generated locale TM files such as `docs/.i18n/zh-CN.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/ja-JP.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/es.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/pt-BR.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/ko.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/de.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/fr.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/ar.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/it.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/tr.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/uk.tm.jsonl`, `docs/.i18n/id.tm.jsonl`, and `docs/.i18n/pl.tm.jsonl` are intentionally no longer committed.
 
 ## Glossary format
 
@@ -14,9 +45,7 @@ This folder stores **generated** and **config** files for documentation translat
 ```json
 {
   "source": "troubleshooting",
-  "target": "故障排除",
-  "ignore_case": true,
-  "whole_word": false
+  "target": "故障排除"
 }
 ```
 
@@ -25,7 +54,19 @@ Fields:
 - `source`: English (or source) phrase to prefer.
 - `target`: preferred translation output.
 
-## Notes
+## Translation mechanics
 
-- Glossary entries are passed to the model as **prompt guidance** (no deterministic rewrites).
-- The translation memory is updated by `scripts/docs-i18n`.
+- `scripts/docs-i18n` still owns translation generation.
+- Doc mode writes `x-i18n.source_hash` into each translated page.
+- Each publish workflow precomputes a pending file list by comparing the current English source hash to the stored locale `x-i18n.source_hash`.
+- If the pending count is `0`, the expensive translation step is skipped entirely.
+- If there are pending files, the workflow translates only those files.
+- The publish workflow retries transient model-format failures, but unchanged files stay skipped because the same hash check runs on each retry.
+- The source repo also dispatches zh-CN, ja-JP, es, pt-BR, ko, de, fr, ar, it, tr, uk, id, and pl refreshes after published GitHub releases so release docs can catch up without waiting for the daily cron.
+
+## Operational notes
+
+- Sync metadata is written to `.openclaw-sync/source.json` in the publish repo.
+- Source repo secret: `OPENCLAW_DOCS_SYNC_TOKEN`
+- Publish repo secret: `OPENCLAW_DOCS_I18N_OPENAI_API_KEY`
+- If locale output looks stale, check the matching `Translate <locale>` workflow in `openclaw/docs` first.

docs/.i18n/ar-navigation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "language": "ar",
+  "tabs": [
+    {
+      "tab": "ابدأ",
+      "groups": [
+        {
+          "group": "نظرة عامة",
+          "pages": ["ar/index"]
+        },
+        {
+          "group": "الخطوات الأولى",
+          "pages": ["ar/start/getting-started", "ar/start/wizard"]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}

docs/.i18n/de-navigation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "language": "de",
+  "tabs": [
+    {
+      "tab": "Loslegen",
+      "groups": [
+        {
+          "group": "Überblick",
+          "pages": ["de/index"]
+        },
+        {
+          "group": "Erste Schritte",
+          "pages": ["de/start/getting-started", "de/start/wizard"]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}

docs/.i18n/es-navigation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "language": "es",
+  "tabs": [
+    {
+      "tab": "Comenzar",
+      "groups": [
+        {
+          "group": "Resumen",
+          "pages": ["es/index"]
+        },
+        {
+          "group": "Primeros pasos",
+          "pages": ["es/start/getting-started", "es/start/wizard"]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}

docs/.i18n/fr-navigation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "language": "fr",
+  "tabs": [
+    {
+      "tab": "Commencer",
+      "groups": [
+        {
+          "group": "Vue d'ensemble",
+          "pages": ["fr/index"]
+        },
+        {
+          "group": "Premiers pas",
+          "pages": ["fr/start/getting-started", "fr/start/wizard"]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}