Debug MacOS CI

* Fixed pandas FutureWarning

`FutureWarning: Passing a set as an indexer is deprecated and will raise in a future version. Use a list instead.`

* fixed another pandas FutureWarning

```
scripts/data_collector/index.py:228: FutureWarning: The frame.append method is deprecated and will be removed from pandas in a future version. Use pandas.concat instead.
  new_df = new_df.append(_tmp_df, sort=False)
```

* fixed more pandas futurewarnings

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 <!--- Why is this change required? What problem does it solve? -->
 
 ## How Has This Been Tested?
-<! ---  Put an `x` in all the boxes that apply: --->
+<!---  Put an `x` in all the boxes that apply: --->
 - [ ] Pass the test by running: `pytest qlib/tests/test_all_pipeline.py` under upper directory of `qlib`.
 - [ ] If you are adding a new feature, test on your own test scripts.
 

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -35,6 +35,15 @@ jobs:
         pip install numpy==1.19.5 ruamel.yaml
         pip install pyqlib --ignore-installed
 
+    - name: Make html with sphnix
+      run: |
+        pip install -U sphinx
+        pip install sphinx_rtd_theme readthedocs_sphinx_ext
+        pip install --exists-action=w --no-cache-dir -r docs/requirements.txt 
+        cd docs 
+        sphinx-build -b html . build
+        cd ..
+        
     # Check Qlib with pylint
     # TODO: These problems we will solve in the future. Important among them are: W0221, W0223, W0237, E1102
       # C0103: invalid-name
@@ -65,9 +74,35 @@ jobs:
         pip install pylint
         pylint --disable=C0104,C0114,C0115,C0116,C0301,C0302,C0411,C0413,C1802,R0201,R0401,R0801,R0902,R0903,R0911,R0912,R0913,R0914,R0915,R1720,W0105,W0123,W0201,W0511,W0613,W1113,W1514,E0401,E1121,C0103,C0209,R0402,R1705,R1710,R1725,R1735,W0102,W0212,W0221,W0223,W0231,W0237,W0612,W0621,W0622,W0703,W1309,E1102,E1136 --const-rgx='[a-z_][a-z0-9_]{2,30}$' qlib --init-hook "import astroid; astroid.context.InferenceContext.max_inferred = 500"
 
+    # The following flake8 error codes were ignored:
+      # E501 line too long
+        # Description: We have used black to limit the length of each line to 120.
+      # F541 f-string is missing placeholders
+        # Description: The same thing is done when using pylint for detection.
+      # E266 too many leading '#' for block comment
+        # Description: To make the code more readable, a lot of "#" is used.
+        # This error code appears centrally in:
+          # qlib/backtest/executor.py
+          # qlib/data/ops.py
+          # qlib/utils/__init__.py
+      # E402 module level import not at top of file
+        # Description: There are times when module level import is not available at the top of the file.
+      # W503 line break before binary operator
+        # Description: Since black formats the length of each line of code, it has to perform a line break when a line of arithmetic is too long.
+      # E731 do not assign a lambda expression, use a def
+        # Description: Restricts the use of lambda expressions, but at some point lambda expressions are required.
+      # E203 whitespace before ':'
+        # Description: If there is whitespace before ":", it cannot pass the black check.
+    - name: Check Qlib with flake8
+      run: |
+        pip install --upgrade pip
+        pip install flake8
+        flake8 --ignore=E501,F541,E266,E402,W503,E731,E203 qlib
+
     - name: Test data downloads
       run: |
-        python scripts/get_data.py qlib_data --target_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data --interval 1d --region cn
+        python scripts/get_data.py qlib_data --name qlib_data_simple --target_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data_simple --interval 1d --region cn
+        python -c "import os; userpath=os.path.expanduser('~'); os.rename(userpath + '/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data_simple', userpath + '/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data')"
 
     - name: Test workflow by config (install from pip)
       run: |

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+repos:
+-   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
+    rev: 22.1.0
+    hooks:
+    -   id: black
+        args: ["qlib", "-l 120"]
+
+-   repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/flake8
+    rev: 4.0.1
+    hooks:
+        - id: flake8
+          args: ["--ignore=E501,F541,E266,E402,W503,E731,E203"]

README.md

@@ -11,7 +11,11 @@
 Recent released features
 | Feature | Status |
 | --                      | ------    |
-| Arctic Provider Backend & Orderbook data example | :hammer: [Rleased](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/744) on Jan 17, 2022 |
+| HIST and IGMTF models | :chart_with_upwards_trend: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/1040) on Apr 10, 2022 |
+| Qlib [notebook tutorial](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/tree/main/examples/tutorial) | 📖 [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/1037) on Apr 7, 2022 | 
+| Ibovespa index data | :rice: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/990) on Apr 6, 2022 |
+| Point-in-Time database | :hammer: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/343) on Mar 10, 2022 |
+| Arctic Provider Backend & Orderbook data example | :hammer: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/744) on Jan 17, 2022 |
 | Meta-Learning-based framework & DDG-DA  | :chart_with_upwards_trend:  :hammer: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/743) on Jan 10, 2022 | 
 | Planning-based portfolio optimization | :hammer: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/754) on Dec 28, 2021 | 
 | Release Qlib v0.8.0 | :octocat: [Released](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/releases/tag/v0.8.0) on Dec 8, 2021 |
@@ -95,9 +99,8 @@ For more details, please refer to our paper ["Qlib: An AI-oriented Quantitative
 # Plans
 New features under development(order by estimated release time).
 Your feedbacks about the features are very important.
-| Feature                        | Status      |
+<!-- | Feature                        | Status      | -->
-| --                      | ------    |
+<!-- | --                      | ------    | -->
-| Point-in-Time database | Under review: https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/343 |
 
 # Framework of Qlib
 
@@ -105,7 +108,6 @@ Your feedbacks about the features are very important.
 <img src="docs/_static/img/framework.svg" />
 </div>
 
-
 At the module level, Qlib is a platform that consists of the above components. The components are designed as loose-coupled modules, and each component could be used stand-alone.
 
 | Name                   | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
@@ -117,6 +119,8 @@ At the module level, Qlib is a platform that consists of the above components. T
 * The modules with hand-drawn style are under development and will be released in the future.
 * The modules with dashed borders are highly user-customizable and extendible.
 
+(p.s. framework image is created with https://draw.io/)
+
 
 # Quick Start
 
@@ -336,6 +340,8 @@ Here is a list of models built on `Qlib`.
 - [TCN based on pytorch (Shaojie Bai, et al. 2018)](examples/benchmarks/TCN/)
 - [ADARNN based on pytorch (YunTao Du, et al. 2021)](examples/benchmarks/ADARNN/)
 - [ADD based on pytorch (Hongshun Tang, et al.2020)](examples/benchmarks/ADD/)
+- [IGMTF based on pytorch (Wentao Xu, et al.2021)](examples/benchmarks/IGMTF/)
+- [HIST based on pytorch (Wentao Xu, et al.2021)](examples/benchmarks/HIST/)
 
 Your PR of new Quant models is highly welcomed.
 
@@ -384,6 +390,8 @@ Dataset plays a very important role in Quant. Here is a list of the datasets bui
 Your PR to build new Quant dataset is highly welcomed.
 
 # More About Qlib
+If you want to have a quick glance at the most frequently used components of qlib, you can try notebooks [here](examples/tutorial/).
+
 The detailed documents are organized in [docs](docs/).
 [Sphinx](http://www.sphinx-doc.org) and the readthedocs theme is required to build the documentation in html formats. 
 ```bash
@@ -468,7 +476,11 @@ If you don't know how to start to contribute, you can refer to the following exa
 | Dataset | [Add a dataset](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/733) | 
 | Models |  [Implement a new model](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/pull/689) | 
 
-If you would like to become one of Qlib's maintainers to contribute more (e.g. help merge PR, triage issues), please contact us by email([qlib@microsoft.com](mailto:qlib@microsoft.com)).  We are glad to help you to set the right permission.
+[Good first issues](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/labels/good%20first%20issue) are labelled to indicate that they are easy to start your contributions.
+
+You can find some impefect implementation in Qlib by  `rg 'TODO|FIXME' qlib`
+ 
+If you would like to become one of Qlib's maintainers to contribute more (e.g. help merge PR, triage issues), please contact us by email([qlib@microsoft.com](mailto:qlib@microsoft.com)).  We are glad to help to upgrade your permission.
 
 ## Licence
 Most contributions require you to agree to a

docs/advanced/PIT.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+.. _pit:
+
+===========================
+(P)oint-(I)n-(T)ime Database
+===========================
+.. currentmodule:: qlib
+
+
+Introduction
+------------
+Point-in-time data is a very important consideration when performing any sort of historical market analysis. 
+
+For example, let’s say we are backtesting a trading strategy and we are using the past five years of historical data as our input.
+Our model is assumed to trade once a day, at the market close, and we’ll say we are calculating the trading signal for 1 January 2020 in our backtest. At that point, we should only have data for 1 January 2020, 31 December 2019, 30 December 2019 etc.
+
+In financial data (especially financial reports), the same piece of data may be amended for multiple times overtime.  If we only use the latest version for historical backtesting, data leakage will happen.
+Point-in-time database is designed for solving this problem to make sure user get the right version of data at any historical timestamp. It will keep the performance of online trading and historical backtesting the same.
+
+
+
+Data Preparation
+----------------
+
+Qlib provides a crawler to help users to download financial data and then a converter to dump the data in Qlib format.
+Please follow `scripts/data_collector/pit/README.md <https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/tree/main/scripts/data_collector/pit/>`_ to download and convert data.
+Besides, you can find some additional usage examples there.
+
+
+File-based design for PIT data
+------------------------------
+
+Qlib provides a file-based storage for PIT data.
+
+For each feature, it contains 4 columns, i.e. date, period, value, _next.
+Each row corresponds to a statement.
+
+The meaning of each feature with filename like `XXX_a.data`:
+
+- `date`: the statement's date of publication.
+- `period`: the period of the statement. (e.g. it will be quarterly frequency in most of the markets)
+    - If it is an annual period, it will be an integer corresponding to the year
+    - If it is an quarterly  periods, it will be an integer like `<year><index of quarter>`.  The last two decimal digits represents the index of quarter. Others represent the year.
+- `value`: the described value
+- `_next`: the byte index of the next occurance of the field.
+
+Besides the feature data, an index `XXX_a.index` is included to speed up the querying performance
+
+The statements are soted by the `date` in ascending order from the beginning of the file.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # the data format from XXXX.data
+    array([(20070428, 200701, 0.090219  , 4294967295),
+           (20070817, 200702, 0.13933   , 4294967295),
+           (20071023, 200703, 0.24586301, 4294967295),
+           (20080301, 200704, 0.3479    ,         80),
+           (20080313, 200704, 0.395989  , 4294967295),
+           (20080422, 200801, 0.100724  , 4294967295),
+           (20080828, 200802, 0.24996801, 4294967295),
+           (20081027, 200803, 0.33412001, 4294967295),
+           (20090325, 200804, 0.39011699, 4294967295),
+           (20090421, 200901, 0.102675  , 4294967295),
+           (20090807, 200902, 0.230712  , 4294967295),
+           (20091024, 200903, 0.30072999, 4294967295),
+           (20100402, 200904, 0.33546099, 4294967295),
+           (20100426, 201001, 0.083825  , 4294967295),
+           (20100812, 201002, 0.200545  , 4294967295),
+           (20101029, 201003, 0.260986  , 4294967295),
+           (20110321, 201004, 0.30739301, 4294967295),
+           (20110423, 201101, 0.097411  , 4294967295),
+           (20110831, 201102, 0.24825101, 4294967295),
+           (20111018, 201103, 0.318919  , 4294967295),
+           (20120323, 201104, 0.4039    ,        420),
+           (20120411, 201104, 0.403925  , 4294967295),
+           (20120426, 201201, 0.112148  , 4294967295),
+           (20120810, 201202, 0.26484701, 4294967295),
+           (20121026, 201203, 0.370487  , 4294967295),
+           (20130329, 201204, 0.45004699, 4294967295),
+           (20130418, 201301, 0.099958  , 4294967295),
+           (20130831, 201302, 0.21044201, 4294967295),
+           (20131016, 201303, 0.30454299, 4294967295),
+           (20140325, 201304, 0.394328  , 4294967295),
+           (20140425, 201401, 0.083217  , 4294967295),
+           (20140829, 201402, 0.16450299, 4294967295),
+           (20141030, 201403, 0.23408499, 4294967295),
+           (20150421, 201404, 0.319612  , 4294967295),
+           (20150421, 201501, 0.078494  , 4294967295),
+           (20150828, 201502, 0.137504  , 4294967295),
+           (20151023, 201503, 0.201709  , 4294967295),
+           (20160324, 201504, 0.26420501, 4294967295),
+           (20160421, 201601, 0.073664  , 4294967295),
+           (20160827, 201602, 0.136576  , 4294967295),
+           (20161029, 201603, 0.188062  , 4294967295),
+           (20170415, 201604, 0.244385  , 4294967295),
+           (20170425, 201701, 0.080614  , 4294967295),
+           (20170728, 201702, 0.15151   , 4294967295),
+           (20171026, 201703, 0.25416601, 4294967295),
+           (20180328, 201704, 0.32954201, 4294967295),
+           (20180428, 201801, 0.088887  , 4294967295),
+           (20180802, 201802, 0.170563  , 4294967295),
+           (20181029, 201803, 0.25522   , 4294967295),
+           (20190329, 201804, 0.34464401, 4294967295),
+           (20190425, 201901, 0.094737  , 4294967295),
+           (20190713, 201902, 0.        ,       1040),
+           (20190718, 201902, 0.175322  , 4294967295),
+           (20191016, 201903, 0.25581899, 4294967295)],
+          dtype=[('date', '<u4'), ('period', '<u4'), ('value', '<f8'), ('_next', '<u4')])
+    # - each row contains 20 byte
+
+
+    # The data format from XXXX.index.  It consists of two parts
+    # 1) the start index of the data. So the first part of the info will be like
+    2007
+    # 2) the remain index data will be like information below
+    #    - The data indicate the **byte index** of first data update of a period.
+    #    - e.g. Because the info at both byte 80 and 100 corresponds to 200704. The byte index of first occurance (i.e. 100) is recorded in the data.
+    array([         0,         20,         40,         60,        100,
+                  120,        140,        160,        180,        200,
+                  220,        240,        260,        280,        300,
+                  320,        340,        360,        380,        400,
+                  440,        460,        480,        500,        520,
+                  540,        560,        580,        600,        620,
+                  640,        660,        680,        700,        720,
+                  740,        760,        780,        800,        820,
+                  840,        860,        880,        900,        920,
+                  940,        960,        980,       1000,       1020,
+                 1060, 4294967295], dtype=uint32)
+
+
+
+
+Known limitations:
+
+- Currently, the PIT database is designed for quarterly or annually factors, which can handle fundamental data of financial reports in most markets.
+- Qlib leverage the file name to identify the type of the data. File with name like `XXX_q.data` corresponds to quarterly data. File with name like `XXX_a.data` corresponds to annual data.
+- The caclulation of PIT is not performed in the optimal way. There is great potential to boost the performance of PIT data calcuation.

docs/component/data.rst

@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ Dataset
 
 The ``Dataset`` module in ``Qlib`` aims to prepare data for model training and inferencing.
 
-The motivation of this module is that we want to maximize the flexibility of of different models to handle data that are suitable for themselves. This module gives the model the flexibility to process their data in an unique way. For instance, models such as ``GBDT`` may work well on data that contains `nan` or `None` value, while neural networks such as ``MLP`` will break down on such data. 
+The motivation of this module is that we want to maximize the flexibility of different models to handle data that are suitable for themselves. This module gives the model the flexibility to process their data in an unique way. For instance, models such as ``GBDT`` may work well on data that contains `nan` or `None` value, while neural networks such as ``MLP`` will break down on such data. 
 
 If user's model need process its data in a different way, user could implement his own ``Dataset`` class. If the model's
 data processing is not special, ``DatasetH`` can be used directly.

docs/component/recorder.rst

@@ -143,3 +143,9 @@ Here is a simple exampke of what is done in ``PortAnaRecord``, which users can r
     print(analysis_df)
 
 For more information about the APIs, please refer to `Record Template API <../reference/api.html#module-qlib.workflow.record_temp>`_.
+
+
+
+Known Limitations
+=================
+- The Python objects are saved based on pickle, which may results in issues when the environment dumping objects and loading objects are different.

docs/component/report.rst

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ Introduction
     - model_performance_graph
 
 
+All of the accumulated profit metrics(e.g. return, max drawdown) in Qlib are calculated by summation.
+This avoids the metrics or the plots being skewed exponentially over time.
+
 Graphical Reports
 ===================
 

docs/component/strategy.rst

@@ -24,11 +24,8 @@ BaseStrategy
 
 Qlib provides a base class ``qlib.strategy.base.BaseStrategy``. All strategy classes need to inherit the base class and implement its interface.
 
-- `get_risk_degree`
+- `generate_trade_decision`
-    Return the proportion of your total value you will use in investment. Dynamically risk_degree will result in Market timing.
+    generate_trade_decision is a key interface that generates trade decisions in each trading bar.
-
-- `generate_order_list`
-    Return the order list.
     The frequency to call this method depends on the executor frequency("time_per_step"="day" by default). But the trading frequency can be decided by users' implementation.
     For example, if the user wants to trading in weekly while the `time_per_step` is "day" in executor, user can return non-empty TradeDecision weekly(otherwise return empty like `this <https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/blob/main/qlib/contrib/strategy/signal_strategy.py#L132>`_ ).
 
@@ -69,18 +66,24 @@ TopkDropoutStrategy
 - Adopt the ``Topk-Drop`` algorithm to calculate the target amount of each stock
 
     .. note::
-        ``Topk-Drop`` algorithm：
+        There are two parameters for the ``Topk-Drop`` algorithm：
 
         - `Topk`: The number of stocks held
         - `Drop`: The number of stocks sold on each trading day
 
-        Currently, the number of held stocks is `Topk`.
+        In general, the number of stocks currently held is `Topk`, with the exception of being zero at the beginning period of trading.
-        On each trading day, the `Drop` number of held stocks with the worst `prediction score` will be sold, and the same number of unheld stocks with the best `prediction score` will be bought.
+        For each trading day, let $d$ be the number of the instruments currently held and with a rank $\gt K$ when ranked by the prediction scores from high to low.
-
+        Then `d` number of stocks currently held with the worst `prediction score` will be sold, and the same number of unheld stocks with the best `prediction score` will be bought.
+        
+        In general, $d=$`Drop`, especially when the pool of the candidate instruments is large, $K$ is large, and `Drop` is small.
+         
+        In most cases, ``TopkDrop`` algorithm sells and buys `Drop` stocks every trading day, which yields a turnover rate of 2$\times$`Drop`/$K$.
+         
+        The following images illustrate a typical scenario.
         .. image:: ../_static/img/topk_drop.png
             :alt: Topk-Drop
 
-        ``TopkDrop`` algorithm sells `Drop` stocks every trading day, which guarantees a fixed turnover rate.
+       
 
 - Generate the order list from the target amount
 
@@ -164,12 +167,9 @@ Running backtest
             start_time="2017-01-01", end_time="2020-08-01", strategy=strategy_obj
         )
         analysis = dict()
-        analysis["excess_return_without_cost"] = risk_analysis(
+        # default frequency will be daily (i.e. "day")
-            report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"], freq=analysis_freq
+        analysis["excess_return_without_cost"] = risk_analysis(report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"])
-        )
+        analysis["excess_return_with_cost"] = risk_analysis(report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"] - report_normal["cost"])
-        analysis["excess_return_with_cost"] = risk_analysis(
-            report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"] - report_normal["cost"], freq=analysis_freq
-        )
 
         analysis_df = pd.concat(analysis)  # type: pd.DataFrame
         pprint(analysis_df)

docs/component/workflow.rst

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ The meaning of each field is as follows:
 Dataset Section
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-The `dataset` field describes the parameters for the ``Dataset`` module in ``Qlib`` as well those for the module ``DataHandler``. For more information about the ``Dataset`` module, please refer to `Qlib Model <../component/data.html#dataset>`_.
+The `dataset` field describes the parameters for the ``Dataset`` module in ``Qlib`` as well those for the module ``DataHandler``. For more information about the ``Dataset`` module, please refer to `Qlib Data <../component/data.html#dataset>`_.
 
 The keywords arguments configuration of the ``DataHandler`` is as follows:
 
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ The keywords arguments configuration of the ``DataHandler`` is as follows:
 
 Users can refer to the document of `DataHandler <../component/data.html#datahandler>`_ for more information about the meaning of each field in the configuration.
 
-Here is the configuration for the ``Dataset`` module which will take care of data preprossing and slicing during the training and testing phase.
+Here is the configuration for the ``Dataset`` module which will take care of data preprocessing and slicing during the training and testing phase.
 
 .. code-block:: YAML
 

docs/developer/code_standard.rst

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ When you submit a PR request, you can check whether your code passes the CI test
 1. Qlib will check the code format with black. The PR will raise error if your code does not align to the standard of Qlib(e.g. a common error is the mixed use of space and tab).
  You can fix the bug by inputing the following code in the command line.
 
-.. code-block:: python
+.. code-block:: bash
 
     pip install black
     python -m black . -l 120
@@ -30,3 +30,19 @@ When you submit a PR request, you can check whether your code passes the CI test
 
     return -ICLoss()(pred, target, index)  # pylint: disable=E1130
 
+
+3. Qlib will check your code style flake8. The checking command is implemented in [github action workflow](https://github.com/microsoft/qlib/blob/0e8b94a552f1c457cfa6cd2c1bb3b87ebb3fb279/.github/workflows/test.yml#L73).
+ You can fix the bug by inputing the following code in the command line.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    flake8 --ignore E501,F541,E402,F401,W503,E741,E266,E203,E302,E731,E262,F523,F821,F811,F841,E713,E265,W291,E712,E722,W293 qlib
+
+
+4. Qlib has integrated pre-commit, which will make it easier for developers to format their code.
+ Just run the following two commands, and the code will be automatically formatted using black and flake8 when the git commit command is executed.
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pip install -e .[dev]
+    pre-commit install

docs/index.rst

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ Document Structure
    Online & Offline mode <advanced/server.rst>
    Serialization <advanced/serial.rst>
    Task Management <advanced/task_management.rst>
+   Point-In-Time database <advanced/PIT.rst>
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 3

examples/benchmarks/HIST/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# HIST
+* Code: [https://github.com/Wentao-Xu/HIST](https://github.com/Wentao-Xu/HIST)
+* Paper: [HIST: A Graph-based Framework for Stock Trend Forecasting via Mining Concept-Oriented Shared InformationAdaRNN: Adaptive Learning and Forecasting for Time Series](https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13716).

examples/benchmarks/HIST/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pandas==1.1.2
+numpy==1.21.0
+scikit_learn==0.23.2
+torch==1.7.0

examples/benchmarks/HIST/workflow_config_hist_Alpha360.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+qlib_init:
+    provider_uri: "~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data"
+    region: cn
+market: &market csi300
+benchmark: &benchmark SH000300
+data_handler_config: &data_handler_config
+    start_time: 2008-01-01
+    end_time: 2020-08-01
+    fit_start_time: 2008-01-01
+    fit_end_time: 2014-12-31
+    instruments: *market
+    infer_processors:
+        - class: RobustZScoreNorm
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: feature
+              clip_outlier: true
+        - class: Fillna
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: feature
+    learn_processors:
+        - class: DropnaLabel
+        - class: CSRankNorm
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: label
+    label: ["Ref($close, -2) / Ref($close, -1) - 1"]
+port_analysis_config: &port_analysis_config
+    strategy:
+        class: TopkDropoutStrategy
+        module_path: qlib.contrib.strategy
+        kwargs:
+            signal:
+                - <MODEL> 
+                - <DATASET>
+            topk: 50
+            n_drop: 5
+    backtest:
+        start_time: 2017-01-01
+        end_time: 2020-08-01
+        account: 100000000
+        benchmark: *benchmark
+        exchange_kwargs:
+            limit_threshold: 0.095
+            deal_price: close
+            open_cost: 0.0005
+            close_cost: 0.0015
+            min_cost: 5
+task:
+    model:
+        class: HIST
+        module_path: qlib.contrib.model.pytorch_hist
+        kwargs:
+            d_feat: 6
+            hidden_size: 64
+            num_layers: 2
+            dropout: 0
+            n_epochs: 200
+            lr: 1e-4
+            early_stop: 20
+            metric: ic
+            loss: mse
+            base_model: LSTM
+            model_path: "benchmarks/LSTM/model_lstm_csi300.pkl"
+            stock2concept: "benchmarks/HIST/qlib_csi300_stock2concept.npy"
+            stock_index: "benchmarks/HIST/qlib_csi300_stock_index.npy"
+            GPU: 0
+    dataset:
+        class: DatasetH
+        module_path: qlib.data.dataset
+        kwargs:
+            handler:
+                class: Alpha360
+                module_path: qlib.contrib.data.handler
+                kwargs: *data_handler_config
+            segments:
+                train: [2008-01-01, 2014-12-31]
+                valid: [2015-01-01, 2016-12-31]
+                test: [2017-01-01, 2020-08-01]
+    record: 
+        - class: SignalRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            model: <MODEL>
+            dataset: <DATASET>
+        - class: SigAnaRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            ana_long_short: False
+            ann_scaler: 252
+        - class: PortAnaRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            config: *port_analysis_config

examples/benchmarks/IGMTF/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# IGMTF
+* Code: [https://github.com/Wentao-Xu/IGMTF](https://github.com/Wentao-Xu/IGMTF)
+* Paper: [IGMTF: An Instance-wise Graph-based Framework for
+Multivariate Time Series Forecasting](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06489).

examples/benchmarks/IGMTF/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pandas==1.1.2
+numpy==1.21.0
+scikit_learn==0.23.2
+torch==1.7.0

examples/benchmarks/IGMTF/workflow_config_igmtf_Alpha360.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+qlib_init:
+    provider_uri: "~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data"
+    region: cn
+market: &market csi300
+benchmark: &benchmark SH000300
+data_handler_config: &data_handler_config
+    start_time: 2008-01-01
+    end_time: 2020-08-01
+    fit_start_time: 2008-01-01
+    fit_end_time: 2014-12-31
+    instruments: *market
+    infer_processors:
+        - class: RobustZScoreNorm
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: feature
+              clip_outlier: true
+        - class: Fillna
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: feature
+    learn_processors:
+        - class: DropnaLabel
+        - class: CSRankNorm
+          kwargs:
+              fields_group: label
+    label: ["Ref($close, -2) / Ref($close, -1) - 1"]
+port_analysis_config: &port_analysis_config
+    strategy:
+        class: TopkDropoutStrategy
+        module_path: qlib.contrib.strategy
+        kwargs:
+            model: <MODEL>
+            dataset: <DATASET>
+            topk: 50
+            n_drop: 5
+    backtest:
+        start_time: 2017-01-01
+        end_time: 2020-08-01
+        account: 100000000
+        benchmark: *benchmark
+        exchange_kwargs:
+            limit_threshold: 0.095
+            deal_price: close
+            open_cost: 0.0005
+            close_cost: 0.0015
+            min_cost: 5
+task:
+    model:
+        class: IGMTF
+        module_path: qlib.contrib.model.pytorch_igmtf
+        kwargs:
+            d_feat: 6
+            hidden_size: 64
+            num_layers: 2
+            dropout: 0
+            n_epochs: 200
+            lr: 1e-4
+            early_stop: 20
+            metric: ic
+            loss: mse
+            base_model: LSTM
+            model_path: "benchmarks/LSTM/model_lstm_csi300.pkl"
+            GPU: 0
+    dataset:
+        class: DatasetH
+        module_path: qlib.data.dataset
+        kwargs:
+            handler:
+                class: Alpha360
+                module_path: qlib.contrib.data.handler
+                kwargs: *data_handler_config
+            segments:
+                train: [2008-01-01, 2014-12-31]
+                valid: [2015-01-01, 2016-12-31]
+                test: [2017-01-01, 2020-08-01]
+    record: 
+        - class: SignalRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            model: <MODEL>
+            dataset: <DATASET>
+        - class: SigAnaRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            ana_long_short: False
+            ann_scaler: 252
+        - class: PortAnaRecord
+          module_path: qlib.workflow.record_temp
+          kwargs: 
+            config: *port_analysis_config

examples/benchmarks/README.md

@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ The numbers shown below demonstrate the performance of the entire `workflow` of
 | GATs (Petar Velickovic, et al.)           | Alpha360 | 0.0476±0.00 | 0.3508±0.02 | 0.0598±0.00 | 0.4604±0.01 | 0.0824±0.02       | 1.1079±0.26       | -0.0894±0.03 |
 | TCTS(Xueqing Wu, et al.)                  | Alpha360 | 0.0508±0.00 | 0.3931±0.04 | 0.0599±0.00 | 0.4756±0.03 | 0.0893±0.03       | 1.2256±0.36       | -0.0857±0.02 |
 | TRA(Hengxu Lin, et al.)                   | Alpha360 | 0.0485±0.00 | 0.3787±0.03 | 0.0587±0.00 | 0.4756±0.03 | 0.0920±0.03       | 1.2789±0.42       | -0.0834±0.02 |
+| IGMTF(Wentao Xu, et al.)                  | Alpha360 | 0.0480±0.00 | 0.3589±0.02 | 0.0606±0.00 | 0.4773±0.01 | 0.0946±0.02       | 1.3509±0.25       | -0.0716±0.02 |
+| HIST(Wentao Xu, et al.)                   | Alpha360 | 0.0522±0.00 | 0.3530±0.01 | 0.0667±0.00 | 0.4576±0.01 | 0.0987±0.02       | 1.3726±0.27       | -0.0681±0.01 |
+
 
 - The selected 20 features are based on the feature importance of a lightgbm-based model.
 - The base model of DoubleEnsemble is LGBM.

examples/benchmarks/TRA/src/dataset.py

@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ import torch
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 
-from qlib.utils import init_instance_by_config
+from qlib.data.dataset import DatasetH
-from qlib.data.dataset import DatasetH, DataHandler
 
 
 device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ class MTSDatasetH(DatasetH):
         shuffle=True,
         pin_memory=False,
         drop_last=False,
-        **kwargs
+        **kwargs,
     ):
 
         assert horizon > 0, "please specify `horizon` to avoid data leakage"
@@ -150,8 +149,15 @@ class MTSDatasetH(DatasetH):
 
     def _prepare_seg(self, slc, **kwargs):
         fn = _get_date_parse_fn(self._index[0][1])
-        start_date = fn(slc.start)
+
-        end_date = fn(slc.stop)
+        if isinstance(slc, slice):
+            start, stop = slc.start, slc.stop
+        elif isinstance(slc, (list, tuple)):
+            start, stop = slc
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"This type of input is not supported")
+        start_date = fn(start)
+        end_date = fn(stop)
         obj = copy.copy(self)  # shallow copy
         # NOTE: Seriable will disable copy `self._data` so we manually assign them here
         obj._data = self._data

examples/benchmarks_dynamic/DDG-DA/workflow.py

@@ -9,13 +9,10 @@ from qlib.data.dataset.handler import DataHandlerLP
 import pandas as pd
 import fire
 import sys
-from tqdm.auto import tqdm
-import yaml
 import pickle
 from qlib import auto_init
-from qlib.model.trainer import TrainerR, task_train
+from qlib.model.trainer import TrainerR
 from qlib.utils import init_instance_by_config
-from qlib.workflow.task.gen import RollingGen, task_generator
 from qlib.workflow import R
 from qlib.tests.data import GetData
 
@@ -47,9 +44,10 @@ class DDGDA:
         rb = RollingBenchmark(model_type="gbdt")
         task = rb.basic_task()
 
-        model = init_instance_by_config(task["model"])
+        with R.start(experiment_name="feature_importance"):
-        dataset = init_instance_by_config(task["dataset"])
+            model = init_instance_by_config(task["model"])
-        model.fit(dataset)
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(task["dataset"])
+            model.fit(dataset)
 
         fi = model.get_feature_importance()
 

examples/online_srv/online_management_simulate.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 """
-This example is about how can simulate the OnlineManager based on rolling tasks. 
+This example is about how can simulate the OnlineManager based on rolling tasks.
 """
 
 from pprint import pprint
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ from qlib.workflow.online.strategy import RollingStrategy
 from qlib.workflow.task.gen import RollingGen
 from qlib.workflow.task.manage import TaskManager
 from qlib.tests.config import CSI100_RECORD_LGB_TASK_CONFIG_ONLINE, CSI100_RECORD_XGBOOST_TASK_CONFIG_ONLINE
+import pandas as pd
+from qlib.contrib.evaluate import backtest_daily
+from qlib.contrib.evaluate import risk_analysis
+from qlib.contrib.strategy import TopkDropoutStrategy
 
 
 class OnlineSimulationExample:
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ class OnlineSimulationExample:
         start_time="2018-09-10",
         end_time="2018-10-31",
         tasks=None,
+        trainer="TrainerR",
     ):
         """
         Init OnlineManagerExample.
@@ -60,7 +65,13 @@ class OnlineSimulationExample:
         self.rolling_gen = RollingGen(
             step=rolling_step, rtype=RollingGen.ROLL_SD, ds_extra_mod_func=None
         )  # The rolling tasks generator, ds_extra_mod_func is None because we just need to simulate to 2018-10-31 and needn't change the handler end time.
-        self.trainer = TrainerRM(self.exp_name, self.task_pool)  # Also can be TrainerR, TrainerRM, DelayTrainerR
+        if trainer == "TrainerRM":
+            self.trainer = TrainerRM(self.exp_name, self.task_pool)
+        elif trainer == "TrainerR":
+            self.trainer = TrainerR(self.exp_name)
+        else:
+            # TODO: support all the trainers: TrainerR, TrainerRM, DelayTrainerR
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"This type of input is not supported")
         self.rolling_online_manager = OnlineManager(
             RollingStrategy(exp_name, task_template=tasks, rolling_gen=self.rolling_gen),
             trainer=self.trainer,
@@ -70,7 +81,8 @@ class OnlineSimulationExample:
 
     # Reset all things to the first status, be careful to save important data
     def reset(self):
-        TaskManager(self.task_pool).remove()
+        if isinstance(self.trainer, TrainerRM):
+            TaskManager(self.task_pool).remove()
         exp = R.get_exp(experiment_name=self.exp_name)
         for rid in exp.list_recorders():
             exp.delete_recorder(rid)
@@ -84,7 +96,30 @@ class OnlineSimulationExample:
         print("========== collect results ==========")
         print(self.rolling_online_manager.get_collector()())
         print("========== signals ==========")
-        print(self.rolling_online_manager.get_signals())
+        signals = self.rolling_online_manager.get_signals()
+        print(signals)
+        # Backtesting
+        # - the code is based on this example https://qlib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/component/strategy.html
+        CSI300_BENCH = "SH000903"
+        STRATEGY_CONFIG = {
+            "topk": 30,
+            "n_drop": 3,
+            "signal": signals.to_frame("score"),
+        }
+        strategy_obj = TopkDropoutStrategy(**STRATEGY_CONFIG)
+        report_normal, positions_normal = backtest_daily(
+            start_time=signals.index.get_level_values("datetime").min(),
+            end_time=signals.index.get_level_values("datetime").max(),
+            strategy=strategy_obj,
+        )
+        analysis = dict()
+        analysis["excess_return_without_cost"] = risk_analysis(report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"])
+        analysis["excess_return_with_cost"] = risk_analysis(
+            report_normal["return"] - report_normal["bench"] - report_normal["cost"]
+        )
+
+        analysis_df = pd.concat(analysis)  # type: pd.DataFrame
+        pprint(analysis_df)
 
     def worker(self):
         # train tasks by other progress or machines for multiprocessing

examples/workflow_by_code.ipynb

@@ -256,7 +256,6 @@
     "recorder = R.get_recorder(recorder_id=ba_rid, experiment_name=\"backtest_analysis\")\n",
     "print(recorder)\n",
     "pred_df = recorder.load_object(\"pred.pkl\")\n",
-    "pred_df_dates = pred_df.index.get_level_values(level='datetime')\n",
     "report_normal_df = recorder.load_object(\"portfolio_analysis/report_normal_1day.pkl\")\n",
     "positions = recorder.load_object(\"portfolio_analysis/positions_normal_1day.pkl\")\n",
     "analysis_df = recorder.load_object(\"portfolio_analysis/port_analysis_1day.pkl\")"

qlib/__init__.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 from pathlib import Path
 
-__version__ = "0.8.4"
+__version__ = "0.8.5.99"
 __version__bak = __version__  # This version is backup for QlibConfig.reset_qlib_version
 import os
 from typing import Union
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import platform
 import subprocess
 from .log import get_module_logger
 
+
 # init qlib
 def init(default_conf="client", **kwargs):
     """

qlib/backtest/__init__.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
+
 from __future__ import annotations
 import copy
 from typing import List, Tuple, Union, TYPE_CHECKING
@@ -323,3 +324,6 @@ def format_decisions(
             last_dec_idx = i
     res[1].append((decisions[last_dec_idx], format_decisions(decisions[last_dec_idx + 1 :])))
     return res
+
+
+__all__ = ["Order"]

qlib/backtest/executor.py

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ class BaseExecutor:
         if self.track_data:
             yield trade_decision
 
-        atomic = not issubclass(self.__class__, NestedExecutor)  #  issubclass(A, A) is True
+        atomic = not issubclass(self.__class__, NestedExecutor)  # issubclass(A, A) is True
 
         if atomic and trade_decision.get_range_limit(default_value=None) is not None:
             raise ValueError("atomic executor doesn't support specify `range_limit`")

qlib/backtest/signal.py

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ class Signal(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
         Union[pd.Series, pd.DataFrame, None]:
             returns None if no signal in the specific day
         """
-        ...
 
 
 class SignalWCache(Signal):

qlib/config.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Callable, Optional, Union
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
-from qlib.constant import REG_CN, REG_US
+from qlib.constant import REG_CN, REG_US, REG_TW
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from qlib.utils.time import Freq
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ _default_config = {
     "calendar_provider": "LocalCalendarProvider",
     "instrument_provider": "LocalInstrumentProvider",
     "feature_provider": "LocalFeatureProvider",
+    "pit_provider": "LocalPITProvider",
     "expression_provider": "LocalExpressionProvider",
     "dataset_provider": "LocalDatasetProvider",
     "provider": "LocalProvider",
@@ -108,7 +109,6 @@ _default_config = {
     "provider_uri": "",
     # cache
     "expression_cache": None,
-    "dataset_cache": None,
     "calendar_cache": None,
     # for simple dataset cache
     "local_cache_path": None,
@@ -171,6 +171,18 @@ _default_config = {
             "default_exp_name": "Experiment",
         },
     },
+    "pit_record_type": {
+        "date": "I",  # uint32
+        "period": "I",  # uint32
+        "value": "d",  # float64
+        "index": "I",  # uint32
+    },
+    "pit_record_nan": {
+        "date": 0,
+        "period": 0,
+        "value": float("NAN"),
+        "index": 0xFFFFFFFF,
+    },
     # Default config for MongoDB
     "mongo": {
         "task_url": "mongodb://localhost:27017/",
@@ -184,20 +196,12 @@ _default_config = {
 
 MODE_CONF = {
     "server": {
-        # data provider config
-        "calendar_provider": "LocalCalendarProvider",
-        "instrument_provider": "LocalInstrumentProvider",
-        "feature_provider": "LocalFeatureProvider",
-        "expression_provider": "LocalExpressionProvider",
-        "dataset_provider": "LocalDatasetProvider",
-        "provider": "LocalProvider",
         # config it in qlib.init()
         "provider_uri": "",
         # redis
         "redis_host": "127.0.0.1",
         "redis_port": 6379,
         "redis_task_db": 1,
-        "kernels": NUM_USABLE_CPU,
         # cache
         "expression_cache": DISK_EXPRESSION_CACHE,
         "dataset_cache": DISK_DATASET_CACHE,
@@ -205,25 +209,15 @@ MODE_CONF = {
         "mount_path": None,
     },
     "client": {
-        # data provider config
-        "calendar_provider": "LocalCalendarProvider",
-        "instrument_provider": "LocalInstrumentProvider",
-        "feature_provider": "LocalFeatureProvider",
-        "expression_provider": "LocalExpressionProvider",
-        "dataset_provider": "LocalDatasetProvider",
-        "provider": "LocalProvider",
         # config it in user's own code
         "provider_uri": "~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data",
         # cache
         # Using parameter 'remote' to announce the client is using server_cache, and the writing access will be disabled.
         # Disable cache by default. Avoid introduce advanced features for beginners
-        "expression_cache": None,
         "dataset_cache": None,
         # SimpleDatasetCache directory
         "local_cache_path": Path("~/.cache/qlib_simple_cache").expanduser().resolve(),
-        "calendar_cache": None,
         # client config
-        "kernels": NUM_USABLE_CPU,
         "mount_path": None,
         "auto_mount": False,  # The nfs is already mounted on our server[auto_mount: False].
         # The nfs should be auto-mounted by qlib on other
@@ -257,6 +251,11 @@ _default_region_config = {
         "limit_threshold": None,
         "deal_price": "close",
     },
+    REG_TW: {
+        "trade_unit": 1000,
+        "limit_threshold": 0.1,
+        "deal_price": "close",
+    },
 }
 
 

qlib/constant.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # REGION CONST
 REG_CN = "cn"
 REG_US = "us"
+REG_TW = "tw"
 
 # Epsilon for avoiding division by zero.
 EPS = 1e-12

qlib/contrib/data/highfreq_handler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+from qlib.data.dataset.handler import DataHandler, DataHandlerLP
+
+EPSILON = 1e-4
+
+
+class HighFreqHandler(DataHandlerLP):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        instruments="csi300",
+        start_time=None,
+        end_time=None,
+        infer_processors=[],
+        learn_processors=[],
+        fit_start_time=None,
+        fit_end_time=None,
+        drop_raw=True,
+    ):
+        def check_transform_proc(proc_l):
+            new_l = []
+            for p in proc_l:
+                p["kwargs"].update(
+                    {
+                        "fit_start_time": fit_start_time,
+                        "fit_end_time": fit_end_time,
+                    }
+                )
+                new_l.append(p)
+            return new_l
+
+        infer_processors = check_transform_proc(infer_processors)
+        learn_processors = check_transform_proc(learn_processors)
+
+        data_loader = {
+            "class": "QlibDataLoader",
+            "kwargs": {
+                "config": self.get_feature_config(),
+                "swap_level": False,
+                "freq": "1min",
+            },
+        }
+        super().__init__(
+            instruments=instruments,
+            start_time=start_time,
+            end_time=end_time,
+            data_loader=data_loader,
+            infer_processors=infer_processors,
+            learn_processors=learn_processors,
+            drop_raw=drop_raw,
+        )
+
+    def get_feature_config(self):
+        fields = []
+        names = []
+
+        template_if = "If(IsNull({1}), {0}, {1})"
+        template_paused = "Select(Gt($hx_paused_num, 1.001), {0})"
+
+        def get_normalized_price_feature(price_field, shift=0):
+            # norm with the close price of 237th minute of yesterday.
+            if shift == 0:
+                template_norm = "{0}/DayLast(Ref({1}, 243))"
+            else:
+                template_norm = "Ref({0}, " + str(shift) + ")/DayLast(Ref({1}, 243))"
+
+            template_fillnan = "FFillNan({0})"
+            # calculate -> ffill -> remove paused
+            feature_ops = template_paused.format(
+                template_fillnan.format(
+                    template_norm.format(template_if.format("$close", price_field), template_fillnan.format("$close"))
+                )
+            )
+            return feature_ops
+
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$open", 0)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$high", 0)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$low", 0)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$close", 0)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$vwap", 0)]
+        names += ["$open", "$high", "$low", "$close", "$vwap"]
+
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$open", 240)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$high", 240)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$low", 240)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$close", 240)]
+        fields += [get_normalized_price_feature("$vwap", 240)]
+        names += ["$open_1", "$high_1", "$low_1", "$close_1", "$vwap_1"]
+
+        # calculate and fill nan with 0
+        template_gzero = "If(Ge({0}, 0), {0}, 0)"
+        fields += [
+            template_gzero.format(
+                template_paused.format(
+                    "If(IsNull({0}), 0, {0})".format("{0}/Ref(DayLast(Mean({0}, 7200)), 240)".format("$volume"))
+                )
+            )
+        ]
+        names += ["$volume"]
+
+        fields += [
+            template_gzero.format(
+                template_paused.format(
+                    "If(IsNull({0}), 0, {0})".format(
+                        "Ref({0}, 240)/Ref(DayLast(Mean({0}, 7200)), 240)".format("$volume")
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+        ]
+        names += ["$volume_1"]
+
+        return fields, names
+
+
+class HighFreqBacktestHandler(DataHandler):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        instruments="csi300",
+        start_time=None,
+        end_time=None,
+    ):
+        data_loader = {
+            "class": "QlibDataLoader",
+            "kwargs": {
+                "config": self.get_feature_config(),
+                "swap_level": False,
+                "freq": "1min",
+            },
+        }
+        super().__init__(
+            instruments=instruments,
+            start_time=start_time,
+            end_time=end_time,
+            data_loader=data_loader,
+        )
+
+    def get_feature_config(self):
+        fields = []
+        names = []
+
+        template_if = "If(IsNull({1}), {0}, {1})"
+        template_paused = "Select(Gt($hx_paused_num, 1.001), {0})"
+        # template_paused = "{0}"
+        template_fillnan = "FFillNan({0})"
+        fields += [
+            template_fillnan.format(template_paused.format("$close")),
+        ]
+        names += ["$close0"]
+
+        fields += [
+            template_paused.format(
+                template_if.format(
+                    template_fillnan.format("$close"),
+                    "$vwap",
+                )
+            )
+        ]
+        names += ["$vwap0"]
+
+        fields += [template_paused.format("If(IsNull({0}), 0, {0})".format("$volume"))]
+        names += ["$volume0"]
+
+        fields += [template_paused.format("If(IsNull({0}), 0, {0})".format("$factor"))]
+        names += ["$factor0"]
+
+        return fields, names

qlib/contrib/data/highfreq_processor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import os
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+from qlib.data.dataset.processor import Processor
+from qlib.data.dataset.utils import fetch_df_by_index
+from typing import Dict
+
+
+class HighFreqTrans(Processor):
+    def __init__(self, dtype: str = "bool"):
+        self.dtype = dtype
+
+    def fit(self, df_features):
+        pass
+
+    def __call__(self, df_features):
+        if self.dtype == "bool":
+            return df_features.astype(np.int8)
+        else:
+            return df_features.astype(np.float32)
+
+
+class HighFreqNorm(Processor):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fit_start_time: pd.Timestamp,
+        fit_end_time: pd.Timestamp,
+        feature_save_dir: str,
+        norm_groups: Dict[str, int],
+    ):
+
+        self.fit_start_time = fit_start_time
+        self.fit_end_time = fit_end_time
+        self.feature_save_dir = feature_save_dir
+        self.norm_groups = norm_groups
+
+    def fit(self, df_features) -> None:
+        if os.path.exists(self.feature_save_dir) and len(os.listdir(self.feature_save_dir)) != 0:
+            return
+        os.makedirs(self.feature_save_dir)
+        fetch_df = fetch_df_by_index(df_features, slice(self.fit_start_time, self.fit_end_time), level="datetime")
+        del df_features
+        index = 0
+        names = {}
+        for name, dim in self.norm_groups.items():
+            names[name] = slice(index, index + dim)
+            index += dim
+        for name, name_val in names.items():
+            df_values = fetch_df.iloc(axis=1)[name_val].values
+            if name.endswith("volume"):
+                df_values = np.log1p(df_values)
+            self.feature_mean = np.nanmean(df_values)
+            np.save(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_mean.npy", self.feature_mean)
+            df_values = df_values - self.feature_mean
+            self.feature_std = np.nanstd(np.absolute(df_values))
+            np.save(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_std.npy", self.feature_std)
+            df_values = df_values / self.feature_std
+            np.save(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_vmax.npy", np.nanmax(df_values))
+            np.save(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_vmin.npy", np.nanmin(df_values))
+        return
+
+    def __call__(self, df_features):
+        if "date" in df_features:
+            df_features.droplevel("date", inplace=True)
+        df_values = df_features.values
+        index = 0
+        names = {}
+        for name, dim in self.norm_groups.items():
+            names[name] = slice(index, index + dim)
+            index += dim
+        for name, name_val in names.items():
+            feature_mean = np.load(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_mean.npy")
+            feature_std = np.load(self.feature_save_dir + name + "_std.npy")
+
+            if name.endswith("volume"):
+                df_values[:, name_val] = np.log1p(df_values[:, name_val])
+            df_values[:, name_val] -= feature_mean
+            df_values[:, name_val] /= feature_std
+        df_features = pd.DataFrame(data=df_values, index=df_features.index, columns=df_features.columns)
+        return df_features.fillna(0)

qlib/contrib/data/highfreq_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import os
+import time
+import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+import qlib
+from qlib.data import D
+from qlib.config import REG_CN
+from qlib.utils import init_instance_by_config
+from qlib.data.dataset.handler import DataHandlerLP
+from qlib.data.data import Cal
+from qlib.contrib.ops.high_freq import get_calendar_day, DayLast, FFillNan, BFillNan, Date, Select, IsNull, IsInf, Cut
+import pickle as pkl
+from joblib import Parallel, delayed
+from utilsd.logging import print_log
+
+
+class HighFreqProvider:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        start_time: str,
+        end_time: str,
+        train_end_time: str,
+        valid_start_time: str,
+        valid_end_time: str,
+        test_start_time: str,
+        qlib_conf: dict,
+        feature_conf: dict,
+        label_conf: Optional[dict] = None,
+        backtest_conf: dict = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.start_time = start_time
+        self.end_time = end_time
+        self.test_start_time = test_start_time
+        self.train_end_time = train_end_time
+        self.valid_start_time = valid_start_time
+        self.valid_end_time = valid_end_time
+        self._init_qlib(qlib_conf)
+        self.feature_conf = feature_conf
+        self.label_conf = label_conf
+        self.backtest_conf = backtest_conf
+        self.qlib_conf = qlib_conf
+
+    def get_pre_datasets(self):
+        """Generate the training, validation and test datasets for prediction
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple[BaseDataset, BaseDataset, BaseDataset]: The training and test datasets
+        """
+
+        dict_feature_path = self.feature_conf["path"]
+        train_feature_path = dict_feature_path[:-4] + "_train.pkl"
+        valid_feature_path = dict_feature_path[:-4] + "_valid.pkl"
+        test_feature_path = dict_feature_path[:-4] + "_test.pkl"
+
+        dict_label_path = self.label_conf["path"]
+        train_label_path = dict_label_path[:-4] + "_train.pkl"
+        valid_label_path = dict_label_path[:-4] + "_valid.pkl"
+        test_label_path = dict_label_path[:-4] + "_test.pkl"
+
+        if (
+            not os.path.isfile(train_feature_path)
+            or not os.path.isfile(valid_feature_path)
+            or not os.path.isfile(test_feature_path)
+        ):
+            xtrain, xvalid, xtest = self._gen_data(self.feature_conf)
+            xtrain.to_pickle(train_feature_path)
+            xvalid.to_pickle(valid_feature_path)
+            xtest.to_pickle(test_feature_path)
+            del xtrain, xvalid, xtest
+
+        if (
+            not os.path.isfile(train_label_path)
+            or not os.path.isfile(valid_label_path)
+            or not os.path.isfile(test_label_path)
+        ):
+            ytrain, yvalid, ytest = self._gen_data(self.label_conf)
+            ytrain.to_pickle(train_label_path)
+            yvalid.to_pickle(valid_label_path)
+            ytest.to_pickle(test_label_path)
+            del ytrain, yvalid, ytest
+
+        feature = {
+            "train": train_feature_path,
+            "valid": valid_feature_path,
+            "test": test_feature_path,
+        }
+
+        label = {
+            "train": train_label_path,
+            "valid": valid_label_path,
+            "test": test_label_path,
+        }
+
+        return feature, label
+
+    def get_backtest(self, **kwargs) -> None:
+        self._gen_data(self.backtest_conf)
+
+    def _init_qlib(self, qlib_conf):
+        """initialize qlib"""
+
+        qlib.init(
+            region=REG_CN,
+            auto_mount=False,
+            custom_ops=[DayLast, FFillNan, BFillNan, Date, Select, IsNull, IsInf, Cut],
+            expression_cache=None,
+            **qlib_conf,
+        )
+
+    def _prepare_calender_cache(self):
+        """preload the calendar for cache"""
+
+        # This code used the copy-on-write feature of Linux
+        # to avoid calculating the calendar multiple times in the subprocess.
+        # This code may accelerate, but may be not useful on Windows and Mac Os
+        Cal.calendar(freq="1min")
+        get_calendar_day(freq="1min")
+
+    def _gen_dataframe(self, config, datasets=["train", "valid", "test"]):
+        try:
+            path = config.pop("path")
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise ValueError("Must specify the path to save the dataset.") from e
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            start = time.time()
+            print_log("Dataset exists, load from disk.", __name__)
+
+            # res = dataset.prepare(['train', 'valid', 'test'])
+            with open(path, "rb") as f:
+                data = pkl.load(f)
+            if isinstance(data, dict):
+                res = [data[i] for i in datasets]
+            else:
+                res = data.prepare(datasets)
+            print_log(f"Data loaded, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+        else:
+            if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(path)):
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path))
+            print_log("Generating dataset", __name__)
+            start_time = time.time()
+            self._prepare_calender_cache()
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(config)
+            trainset, validset, testset = dataset.prepare(["train", "valid", "test"])
+            data = {
+                "train": trainset,
+                "valid": validset,
+                "test": testset,
+            }
+            with open(path, "wb") as f:
+                pkl.dump(data, f)
+            with open(path[:-4] + "train.pkl", "wb") as f:
+                pkl.dump(trainset, f)
+            with open(path[:-4] + "valid.pkl", "wb") as f:
+                pkl.dump(validset, f)
+            with open(path[:-4] + "test.pkl", "wb") as f:
+                pkl.dump(testset, f)
+            res = [data[i] for i in datasets]
+            print_log(f"Data generated, time cost: {(time.time() - start_time):.2f}", __name__)
+        return res
+
+    def _gen_data(self, config, datasets=["train", "valid", "test"]):
+        try:
+            path = config.pop("path")
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise ValueError("Must specify the path to save the dataset.") from e
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            start = time.time()
+            print_log("Dataset exists, load from disk.", __name__)
+
+            # res = dataset.prepare(['train', 'valid', 'test'])
+            with open(path, "rb") as f:
+                data = pkl.load(f)
+            if isinstance(data, dict):
+                res = [data[i] for i in datasets]
+            else:
+                res = data.prepare(datasets)
+            print_log(f"Data loaded, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+        else:
+            if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(path)):
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path))
+            print_log("Generating dataset", __name__)
+            start_time = time.time()
+            self._prepare_calender_cache()
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(config)
+            dataset.config(dump_all=True, recursive=True)
+            dataset.to_pickle(path)
+            res = dataset.prepare(datasets)
+            print_log(f"Data generated, time cost: {(time.time() - start_time):.2f}", __name__)
+        return res
+
+    def _gen_dataset(self, config):
+        try:
+            path = config.pop("path")
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise ValueError("Must specify the path to save the dataset.") from e
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            start = time.time()
+            print_log("Dataset exists, load from disk.", __name__)
+
+            with open(path, "rb") as f:
+                dataset = pkl.load(f)
+            print_log(f"Data loaded, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+        else:
+            start = time.time()
+            if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(path)):
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path))
+            print_log("Generating dataset", __name__)
+            self._prepare_calender_cache()
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(config)
+            print_log(f"Dataset init, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+            dataset.prepare(["train", "valid", "test"])
+            print_log(f"Dataset prepared, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+            dataset.config(dump_all=True, recursive=True)
+            dataset.to_pickle(path)
+        return dataset
+
+    def _gen_day_dataset(self, config, conf_type):
+        try:
+            path = config.pop("path")
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise ValueError("Must specify the path to save the dataset.") from e
+
+        if os.path.isfile(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl"):
+            start = time.time()
+            print_log("Dataset exists, load from disk.", __name__)
+        else:
+            start = time.time()
+            if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(path)):
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path))
+            print_log("Generating dataset", __name__)
+            self._prepare_calender_cache()
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(config)
+            print_log(f"Dataset init, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+            dataset.config(dump_all=False, recursive=True)
+            dataset.to_pickle(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl")
+
+        with open(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl", "rb") as f:
+            new_dataset = pkl.load(f)
+
+        time_list = D.calendar(start_time=self.start_time, end_time=self.end_time, freq="1min")[::240]
+
+        def generate_dataset(times):
+            if os.path.isfile(path + times.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + ".pkl"):
+                print("exist " + times.strftime("%Y-%m-%d"))
+                return
+            self._init_qlib(self.qlib_conf)
+            end_times = times + datetime.timedelta(days=1)
+            new_dataset.handler.config(**{"start_time": times, "end_time": end_times})
+            if conf_type == "backtest":
+                new_dataset.handler.setup_data()
+            else:
+                new_dataset.handler.setup_data(init_type=DataHandlerLP.IT_LS)
+            new_dataset.config(dump_all=True, recursive=True)
+            new_dataset.to_pickle(path + times.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") + ".pkl")
+
+        Parallel(n_jobs=8)(delayed(generate_dataset)(times) for times in time_list)
+
+    def _gen_stock_dataset(self, config, conf_type):
+        try:
+            path = config.pop("path")
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise ValueError("Must specify the path to save the dataset.") from e
+
+        if os.path.isfile(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl"):
+            start = time.time()
+            print_log("Dataset exists, load from disk.", __name__)
+        else:
+            start = time.time()
+            if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(path)):
+                os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path))
+            print_log("Generating dataset", __name__)
+            self._prepare_calender_cache()
+            dataset = init_instance_by_config(config)
+            print_log(f"Dataset init, time cost: {time.time() - start:.2f}", __name__)
+            dataset.config(dump_all=False, recursive=True)
+            dataset.to_pickle(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl")
+
+        with open(path + "tmp_dataset.pkl", "rb") as f:
+            new_dataset = pkl.load(f)
+
+        instruments = D.instruments(market="all")
+        stock_list = D.list_instruments(
+            instruments=instruments, start_time=self.start_time, end_time=self.end_time, freq="1min", as_list=True
+        )
+
+        def generate_dataset(stock):
+            if os.path.isfile(path + stock + ".pkl"):
+                print("exist " + stock)
+                return
+            self._init_qlib(self.qlib_conf)
+            new_dataset.handler.config(**{"instruments": [stock]})
+            if conf_type == "backtest":
+                new_dataset.handler.setup_data()
+            else:
+                new_dataset.handler.setup_data(init_type=DataHandlerLP.IT_LS)
+            new_dataset.config(dump_all=True, recursive=True)
+            new_dataset.to_pickle(path + stock + ".pkl")
+
+        Parallel(n_jobs=32)(delayed(generate_dataset)(stock) for stock in stock_list)

qlib/contrib/data/utils/sepdf.py

@@ -164,14 +164,14 @@ import builtins
 
 
 def _isinstance(instance, cls):
-    if isinstance_orig(instance, SepDataFrame):  # pylint: disable=E0602
+    if isinstance_orig(instance, SepDataFrame):  # pylint: disable=E0602  # noqa: F821
         if isinstance(cls, Iterable):
             for c in cls:
                 if c is pd.DataFrame:
                     return True
         elif cls is pd.DataFrame:
             return True
-    return isinstance_orig(instance, cls)  # pylint: disable=E0602
+    return isinstance_orig(instance, cls)  # pylint: disable=E0602  # noqa: F821
 
 
 builtins.isinstance_orig = builtins.isinstance

qlib/contrib/eva/alpha.py

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ def pred_autocorr(pred: pd.Series, lag=1, inst_col="instrument", date_col="datet
     """
     if isinstance(pred, pd.DataFrame):
         pred = pred.iloc[:, 0]
-        get_module_logger("pred_autocorr").warning("Only the first column in {pred.columns} of `pred` is kept")
+        get_module_logger("pred_autocorr").warning(f"Only the first column in {pred.columns} of `pred` is kept")
     pred_ustk = pred.sort_index().unstack(inst_col)
     corr_s = {}
     for (idx, cur), (_, prev) in zip(pred_ustk.iterrows(), pred_ustk.shift(lag).iterrows()):

qlib/contrib/meta/__init__.py

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 from .data_selection import MetaTaskDS, MetaDatasetDS, MetaModelDS
+
+
+__all__ = ["MetaTaskDS", "MetaDatasetDS", "MetaModelDS"]

qlib/contrib/meta/data_selection/__init__.py

@@ -3,3 +3,6 @@
 
 from .dataset import MetaDatasetDS, MetaTaskDS
 from .model import MetaModelDS
+
+
+__all__ = ["MetaDatasetDS", "MetaTaskDS", "MetaModelDS"]

qlib/contrib/meta/data_selection/model.py

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ from tqdm.auto import tqdm
 import copy
 from typing import Union, List
 
-from ....data.dataset.weight import Reweighter
 from ....model.meta.dataset import MetaTaskDataset
 from ....model.meta.model import MetaTaskModel
 from ....workflow import R
@@ -18,8 +17,8 @@ from .utils import ICLoss
 from .dataset import MetaDatasetDS
 
 from qlib.log import get_module_logger
-from qlib.data.dataset.weight import Reweighter
 from qlib.model.meta.task import MetaTask
+from qlib.data.dataset.weight import Reweighter
 from qlib.contrib.meta.data_selection.net import PredNet
 
 logger = get_module_logger("data selection")
@@ -98,7 +97,6 @@ class MetaModelDS(MetaTaskModel):
 
             if phase == "train":
                 opt.zero_grad()
-                norm_loss = nn.MSELoss()
                 loss.backward()
                 opt.step()
             elif phase == "test":

qlib/contrib/model/__init__.py

@@ -10,17 +10,19 @@ try:
     from .gbdt import LGBModel
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
     DEnsembleModel, LGBModel = None, None
-    print("Please install necessary libs for DEnsembleModel and LGBModel, such as lightgbm.")
+    print(
+        "ModuleNotFoundError. DEnsembleModel and LGBModel are skipped. (optional: maybe installing lightgbm can fix it.)"
+    )
 try:
     from .xgboost import XGBModel
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
     XGBModel = None
-    print("Please install necessary libs for XGBModel, such as xgboost.")
+    print("ModuleNotFoundError. XGBModel is skipped(optional: maybe installing xgboost can fix it).")
 try:
     from .linear import LinearModel
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
     LinearModel = None
-    print("Please install necessary libs for LinearModel, such as scipy and sklearn.")
+    print("ModuleNotFoundError. LinearModel is skipped(optional: maybe installing scipy and sklearn can fix it).")
 # import pytorch models
 try:
     from .pytorch_alstm import ALSTM
@@ -36,6 +38,6 @@ try:
     pytorch_classes = (ALSTM, GATs, GRU, LSTM, DNNModelPytorch, TabnetModel, SFM_Model, TCN, ADD)
 except ModuleNotFoundError:
     pytorch_classes = ()
-    print("Please install necessary libs for PyTorch models.")
+    print("ModuleNotFoundError.  PyTorch models are skipped (optional: maybe installing pytorch can fix it).")
 
 all_model_classes = (CatBoostModel, DEnsembleModel, LGBModel, XGBModel, LinearModel) + pytorch_classes

qlib/contrib/model/double_ensemble.py

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ class DEnsembleModel(Model, FeatureInt):
         return pred
 
     def predict_sub(self, submodel, df_data, features):
-        x_data, y_data = df_data["feature"].loc[:, features], df_data["label"]
+        x_data = df_data["feature"].loc[:, features]
         pred_sub = pd.Series(submodel.predict(x_data.values), index=x_data.index)
         return pred_sub
 

qlib/contrib/model/gbdt.py

@@ -68,17 +68,19 @@ class LGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
             evals_result = {}  # in case of unsafety of Python default values
         ds_l = self._prepare_data(dataset, reweighter)
         ds, names = list(zip(*ds_l))
+        early_stopping_callback = lgb.early_stopping(
+            self.early_stopping_rounds if early_stopping_rounds is None else early_stopping_rounds
+        )
+        # NOTE: if you encounter error here. Please upgrade your lightgbm
+        verbose_eval_callback = lgb.log_evaluation(period=verbose_eval)
+        evals_result_callback = lgb.record_evaluation(evals_result)
         self.model = lgb.train(
             self.params,
             ds[0],  # training dataset
             num_boost_round=self.num_boost_round if num_boost_round is None else num_boost_round,
             valid_sets=ds,
             valid_names=names,
-            early_stopping_rounds=(
+            callbacks=[early_stopping_callback, verbose_eval_callback, evals_result_callback],
-                self.early_stopping_rounds if early_stopping_rounds is None else early_stopping_rounds
-            ),
-            verbose_eval=verbose_eval,
-            evals_result=evals_result,
             **kwargs,
         )
         for k in names:
@@ -110,6 +112,7 @@ class LGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
         dtrain, _ = self._prepare_data(dataset, reweighter)  # pylint: disable=W0632
         if dtrain.empty:
             raise ValueError("Empty data from dataset, please check your dataset config.")
+        verbose_eval_callback = lgb.log_evaluation(period=verbose_eval)
         self.model = lgb.train(
             self.params,
             dtrain,
@@ -117,5 +120,5 @@ class LGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
             init_model=self.model,
             valid_sets=[dtrain],
             valid_names=["train"],
-            verbose_eval=verbose_eval,
+            callbacks=[verbose_eval_callback],
         )

qlib/contrib/model/highfreq_gdbt_model.py

@@ -110,18 +110,21 @@ class HFLGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
         num_boost_round=1000,
         early_stopping_rounds=50,
         verbose_eval=20,
-        evals_result=dict(),
+        evals_result=None,
     ):
+        if evals_result is None:
+            evals_result = dict()
         dtrain, dvalid = self._prepare_data(dataset)
+        early_stopping_callback = lgb.early_stopping(early_stopping_rounds)
+        verbose_eval_callback = lgb.log_evaluation(period=verbose_eval)
+        evals_result_callback = lgb.record_evaluation(evals_result)
         self.model = lgb.train(
             self.params,
             dtrain,
             num_boost_round=num_boost_round,
             valid_sets=[dtrain, dvalid],
             valid_names=["train", "valid"],
-            early_stopping_rounds=early_stopping_rounds,
+            callbacks=[early_stopping_callback, verbose_eval_callback, evals_result_callback],
-            verbose_eval=verbose_eval,
-            evals_result=evals_result,
         )
         evals_result["train"] = list(evals_result["train"].values())[0]
         evals_result["valid"] = list(evals_result["valid"].values())[0]
@@ -147,6 +150,7 @@ class HFLGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
         """
         # Based on existing model and finetune by train more rounds
         dtrain, _ = self._prepare_data(dataset)
+        verbose_eval_callback = lgb.log_evaluation(period=verbose_eval)
         self.model = lgb.train(
             self.params,
             dtrain,
@@ -154,5 +158,5 @@ class HFLGBModel(ModelFT, LightGBMFInt):
             init_model=self.model,
             valid_sets=[dtrain],
             valid_names=["train"],
-            verbose_eval=verbose_eval,
+            callbacks=[verbose_eval_callback],
         )

qlib/contrib/model/pytorch_hist.py

@@ -0,0 +1,501 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import os
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+from typing import Text, Union
+import urllib.request
+import copy
+from ...utils import get_or_create_path
+from ...log import get_module_logger
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.optim as optim
+from .pytorch_utils import count_parameters
+from ...model.base import Model
+from ...data.dataset import DatasetH
+from ...data.dataset.handler import DataHandlerLP
+from ...contrib.model.pytorch_lstm import LSTMModel
+from ...contrib.model.pytorch_gru import GRUModel
+
+
+class HIST(Model):
+    """HIST Model
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    lr : float
+        learning rate
+    d_feat : int
+        input dimensions for each time step
+    metric : str
+        the evaluate metric used in early stop
+    optimizer : str
+        optimizer name
+    GPU : str
+        the GPU ID(s) used for training
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        d_feat=6,
+        hidden_size=64,
+        num_layers=2,
+        dropout=0.0,
+        n_epochs=200,
+        lr=0.001,
+        metric="",
+        early_stop=20,
+        loss="mse",
+        base_model="GRU",
+        model_path=None,
+        stock2concept=None,
+        stock_index=None,
+        optimizer="adam",
+        GPU=0,
+        seed=None,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
+        # Set logger.
+        self.logger = get_module_logger("HIST")
+        self.logger.info("HIST pytorch version...")
+
+        # set hyper-parameters.
+        self.d_feat = d_feat
+        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
+        self.num_layers = num_layers
+        self.dropout = dropout
+        self.n_epochs = n_epochs
+        self.lr = lr
+        self.metric = metric
+        self.early_stop = early_stop
+        self.optimizer = optimizer.lower()
+        self.loss = loss
+        self.base_model = base_model
+        self.model_path = model_path
+        self.stock2concept = stock2concept
+        self.stock_index = stock_index
+        self.device = torch.device("cuda:%d" % (GPU) if torch.cuda.is_available() and GPU >= 0 else "cpu")
+        self.seed = seed
+
+        self.logger.info(
+            "HIST parameters setting:"
+            "\nd_feat : {}"
+            "\nhidden_size : {}"
+            "\nnum_layers : {}"
+            "\ndropout : {}"
+            "\nn_epochs : {}"
+            "\nlr : {}"
+            "\nmetric : {}"
+            "\nearly_stop : {}"
+            "\noptimizer : {}"
+            "\nloss_type : {}"
+            "\nbase_model : {}"
+            "\nmodel_path : {}"
+            "\nstock2concept : {}"
+            "\nstock_index : {}"
+            "\nuse_GPU : {}"
+            "\nseed : {}".format(
+                d_feat,
+                hidden_size,
+                num_layers,
+                dropout,
+                n_epochs,
+                lr,
+                metric,
+                early_stop,
+                optimizer.lower(),
+                loss,
+                base_model,
+                model_path,
+                stock2concept,
+                stock_index,
+                GPU,
+                seed,
+            )
+        )
+
+        if self.seed is not None:
+            np.random.seed(self.seed)
+            torch.manual_seed(self.seed)
+
+        self.HIST_model = HISTModel(
+            d_feat=self.d_feat,
+            hidden_size=self.hidden_size,
+            num_layers=self.num_layers,
+            dropout=self.dropout,
+            base_model=self.base_model,
+        )
+        self.logger.info("model:\n{:}".format(self.HIST_model))
+        self.logger.info("model size: {:.4f} MB".format(count_parameters(self.HIST_model)))
+        if optimizer.lower() == "adam":
+            self.train_optimizer = optim.Adam(self.HIST_model.parameters(), lr=self.lr)
+        elif optimizer.lower() == "gd":
+            self.train_optimizer = optim.SGD(self.HIST_model.parameters(), lr=self.lr)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("optimizer {} is not supported!".format(optimizer))
+
+        self.fitted = False
+        self.HIST_model.to(self.device)
+
+    @property
+    def use_gpu(self):
+        return self.device != torch.device("cpu")
+
+    def mse(self, pred, label):
+        loss = (pred - label) ** 2
+        return torch.mean(loss)
+
+    def loss_fn(self, pred, label):
+        mask = ~torch.isnan(label)
+
+        if self.loss == "mse":
+            return self.mse(pred[mask], label[mask])
+
+        raise ValueError("unknown loss `%s`" % self.loss)
+
+    def metric_fn(self, pred, label):
+
+        mask = torch.isfinite(label)
+
+        if self.metric == "ic":
+            x = pred[mask]
+            y = label[mask]
+
+            vx = x - torch.mean(x)
+            vy = y - torch.mean(y)
+            return torch.sum(vx * vy) / (torch.sqrt(torch.sum(vx**2)) * torch.sqrt(torch.sum(vy**2)))
+
+        if self.metric == ("", "loss"):
+            return -self.loss_fn(pred[mask], label[mask])
+
+        raise ValueError("unknown metric `%s`" % self.metric)
+
+    def get_daily_inter(self, df, shuffle=False):
+        # organize the train data into daily batches
+        daily_count = df.groupby(level=0).size().values
+        daily_index = np.roll(np.cumsum(daily_count), 1)
+        daily_index[0] = 0
+        if shuffle:
+            # shuffle data
+            daily_shuffle = list(zip(daily_index, daily_count))
+            np.random.shuffle(daily_shuffle)
+            daily_index, daily_count = zip(*daily_shuffle)
+        return daily_index, daily_count
+
+    def train_epoch(self, x_train, y_train, stock_index):
+
+        stock2concept_matrix = np.load(self.stock2concept)
+        x_train_values = x_train.values
+        y_train_values = np.squeeze(y_train.values)
+        stock_index = stock_index.values
+        stock_index[np.isnan(stock_index)] = 733
+        self.HIST_model.train()
+
+        # organize the train data into daily batches
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(x_train, shuffle=True)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            feature = torch.from_numpy(x_train_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            concept_matrix = torch.from_numpy(stock2concept_matrix[stock_index[batch]]).float().to(self.device)
+            label = torch.from_numpy(y_train_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            pred = self.HIST_model(feature, concept_matrix)
+            loss = self.loss_fn(pred, label)
+
+            self.train_optimizer.zero_grad()
+            loss.backward()
+            torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_value_(self.HIST_model.parameters(), 3.0)
+            self.train_optimizer.step()
+
+    def test_epoch(self, data_x, data_y, stock_index):
+
+        # prepare training data
+        stock2concept_matrix = np.load(self.stock2concept)
+        x_values = data_x.values
+        y_values = np.squeeze(data_y.values)
+        stock_index = stock_index.values
+        stock_index[np.isnan(stock_index)] = 733
+        self.HIST_model.eval()
+
+        scores = []
+        losses = []
+
+        # organize the test data into daily batches
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(data_x, shuffle=False)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            feature = torch.from_numpy(x_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            concept_matrix = torch.from_numpy(stock2concept_matrix[stock_index[batch]]).float().to(self.device)
+            label = torch.from_numpy(y_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                pred = self.HIST_model(feature, concept_matrix)
+                loss = self.loss_fn(pred, label)
+                losses.append(loss.item())
+
+                score = self.metric_fn(pred, label)
+                scores.append(score.item())
+
+        return np.mean(losses), np.mean(scores)
+
+    def fit(
+        self,
+        dataset: DatasetH,
+        evals_result=dict(),
+        save_path=None,
+    ):
+        df_train, df_valid, df_test = dataset.prepare(
+            ["train", "valid", "test"],
+            col_set=["feature", "label"],
+            data_key=DataHandlerLP.DK_L,
+        )
+        if df_train.empty or df_valid.empty:
+            raise ValueError("Empty data from dataset, please check your dataset config.")
+
+        if not os.path.exists(self.stock2concept):
+            url = "http://fintech.msra.cn/stock_data/downloads/qlib_csi300_stock2concept.npy"
+            urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, self.stock2concept)
+
+        stock_index = np.load(self.stock_index, allow_pickle=True).item()
+        df_train["stock_index"] = 733
+        df_train["stock_index"] = df_train.index.get_level_values("instrument").map(stock_index)
+        df_valid["stock_index"] = 733
+        df_valid["stock_index"] = df_valid.index.get_level_values("instrument").map(stock_index)
+
+        x_train, y_train, stock_index_train = df_train["feature"], df_train["label"], df_train["stock_index"]
+        x_valid, y_valid, stock_index_valid = df_valid["feature"], df_valid["label"], df_valid["stock_index"]
+
+        save_path = get_or_create_path(save_path)
+
+        stop_steps = 0
+        best_score = -np.inf
+        best_epoch = 0
+        evals_result["train"] = []
+        evals_result["valid"] = []
+
+        # load pretrained base_model
+        if self.base_model == "LSTM":
+            pretrained_model = LSTMModel()
+        elif self.base_model == "GRU":
+            pretrained_model = GRUModel()
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unknown base model name `%s`" % self.base_model)
+
+        if self.model_path is not None:
+            self.logger.info("Loading pretrained model...")
+            pretrained_model.load_state_dict(torch.load(self.model_path))
+
+        model_dict = self.HIST_model.state_dict()
+        pretrained_dict = {k: v for k, v in pretrained_model.state_dict().items() if k in model_dict}
+        model_dict.update(pretrained_dict)
+        self.HIST_model.load_state_dict(model_dict)
+        self.logger.info("Loading pretrained model Done...")
+
+        # train
+        self.logger.info("training...")
+        self.fitted = True
+
+        for step in range(self.n_epochs):
+            self.logger.info("Epoch%d:", step)
+            self.logger.info("training...")
+            self.train_epoch(x_train, y_train, stock_index_train)
+
+            self.logger.info("evaluating...")
+            train_loss, train_score = self.test_epoch(x_train, y_train, stock_index_train)
+            val_loss, val_score = self.test_epoch(x_valid, y_valid, stock_index_valid)
+            self.logger.info("train %.6f, valid %.6f" % (train_score, val_score))
+            evals_result["train"].append(train_score)
+            evals_result["valid"].append(val_score)
+
+            if val_score > best_score:
+                best_score = val_score
+                stop_steps = 0
+                best_epoch = step
+                best_param = copy.deepcopy(self.HIST_model.state_dict())
+            else:
+                stop_steps += 1
+                if stop_steps >= self.early_stop:
+                    self.logger.info("early stop")
+                    break
+
+        self.logger.info("best score: %.6lf @ %d" % (best_score, best_epoch))
+        self.HIST_model.load_state_dict(best_param)
+        torch.save(best_param, save_path)
+
+    def predict(self, dataset: DatasetH, segment: Union[Text, slice] = "test"):
+        if not self.fitted:
+            raise ValueError("model is not fitted yet!")
+
+        stock2concept_matrix = np.load(self.stock2concept)
+        stock_index = np.load(self.stock_index, allow_pickle=True).item()
+        df_test = dataset.prepare(segment, col_set="feature", data_key=DataHandlerLP.DK_I)
+        df_test["stock_index"] = 733
+        df_test["stock_index"] = df_test.index.get_level_values("instrument").map(stock_index)
+        stock_index_test = df_test["stock_index"].values
+        stock_index_test[np.isnan(stock_index_test)] = 733
+        stock_index_test = stock_index_test.astype("int")
+        df_test = df_test.drop(["stock_index"], axis=1)
+        index = df_test.index
+
+        self.HIST_model.eval()
+        x_values = df_test.values
+        preds = []
+
+        # organize the data into daily batches
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(df_test, shuffle=False)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            x_batch = torch.from_numpy(x_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            concept_matrix = torch.from_numpy(stock2concept_matrix[stock_index_test[batch]]).float().to(self.device)
+
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                pred = self.HIST_model(x_batch, concept_matrix).detach().cpu().numpy()
+
+            preds.append(pred)
+
+        return pd.Series(np.concatenate(preds), index=index)
+
+
+class HISTModel(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, d_feat=6, hidden_size=64, num_layers=2, dropout=0.0, base_model="GRU"):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        self.d_feat = d_feat
+        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
+
+        if base_model == "GRU":
+            self.rnn = nn.GRU(
+                input_size=d_feat,
+                hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                num_layers=num_layers,
+                batch_first=True,
+                dropout=dropout,
+            )
+        elif base_model == "LSTM":
+            self.rnn = nn.LSTM(
+                input_size=d_feat,
+                hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                num_layers=num_layers,
+                batch_first=True,
+                dropout=dropout,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unknown base model name `%s`" % base_model)
+
+        self.fc_es = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_es.weight)
+        self.fc_is = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_is.weight)
+
+        self.fc_es_middle = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_es_middle.weight)
+        self.fc_is_middle = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_is_middle.weight)
+
+        self.fc_es_fore = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_es_fore.weight)
+        self.fc_is_fore = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_is_fore.weight)
+        self.fc_indi_fore = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_indi_fore.weight)
+
+        self.fc_es_back = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_es_back.weight)
+        self.fc_is_back = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_is_back.weight)
+        self.fc_indi = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size)
+        torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(self.fc_indi.weight)
+
+        self.leaky_relu = nn.LeakyReLU()
+        self.softmax_s2t = torch.nn.Softmax(dim=0)
+        self.softmax_t2s = torch.nn.Softmax(dim=1)
+
+        self.fc_out_es = nn.Linear(hidden_size, 1)
+        self.fc_out_is = nn.Linear(hidden_size, 1)
+        self.fc_out_indi = nn.Linear(hidden_size, 1)
+        self.fc_out = nn.Linear(hidden_size, 1)
+
+    def cal_cos_similarity(self, x, y):  # the 2nd dimension of x and y are the same
+        xy = x.mm(torch.t(y))
+        x_norm = torch.sqrt(torch.sum(x * x, dim=1)).reshape(-1, 1)
+        y_norm = torch.sqrt(torch.sum(y * y, dim=1)).reshape(-1, 1)
+        cos_similarity = xy / (x_norm.mm(torch.t(y_norm)) + 1e-6)
+        return cos_similarity
+
+    def forward(self, x, concept_matrix):
+        device = torch.device(torch.get_device(x))
+
+        x_hidden = x.reshape(len(x), self.d_feat, -1)  # [N, F, T]
+        x_hidden = x_hidden.permute(0, 2, 1)  # [N, T, F]
+        x_hidden, _ = self.rnn(x_hidden)
+        x_hidden = x_hidden[:, -1, :]
+
+        # Predefined Concept Module
+
+        stock_to_concept = concept_matrix
+
+        stock_to_concept_sum = torch.sum(stock_to_concept, 0).reshape(1, -1).repeat(stock_to_concept.shape[0], 1)
+        stock_to_concept_sum = stock_to_concept_sum.mul(concept_matrix)
+
+        stock_to_concept_sum = stock_to_concept_sum + (
+            torch.ones(stock_to_concept.shape[0], stock_to_concept.shape[1]).to(device)
+        )
+        stock_to_concept = stock_to_concept / stock_to_concept_sum
+        hidden = torch.t(stock_to_concept).mm(x_hidden)
+
+        hidden = hidden[hidden.sum(1) != 0]
+
+        concept_to_stock = self.cal_cos_similarity(x_hidden, hidden)
+        concept_to_stock = self.softmax_t2s(concept_to_stock)
+
+        e_shared_info = concept_to_stock.mm(hidden)
+        e_shared_info = self.fc_es(e_shared_info)
+
+        e_shared_back = self.fc_es_back(e_shared_info)
+        output_es = self.fc_es_fore(e_shared_info)
+        output_es = self.leaky_relu(output_es)
+
+        # Hidden Concept Module
+        i_shared_info = x_hidden - e_shared_back
+        hidden = i_shared_info
+        i_stock_to_concept = self.cal_cos_similarity(i_shared_info, hidden)
+        dim = i_stock_to_concept.shape[0]
+        diag = i_stock_to_concept.diagonal(0)
+        i_stock_to_concept = i_stock_to_concept * (torch.ones(dim, dim) - torch.eye(dim)).to(device)
+        row = torch.linspace(0, dim - 1, dim).to(device).long()
+        column = i_stock_to_concept.max(1)[1].long()
+        value = i_stock_to_concept.max(1)[0]
+        i_stock_to_concept[row, column] = 10
+        i_stock_to_concept[i_stock_to_concept != 10] = 0
+        i_stock_to_concept[row, column] = value
+        i_stock_to_concept = i_stock_to_concept + torch.diag_embed((i_stock_to_concept.sum(0) != 0).float() * diag)
+        hidden = torch.t(i_shared_info).mm(i_stock_to_concept).t()
+        hidden = hidden[hidden.sum(1) != 0]
+
+        i_concept_to_stock = self.cal_cos_similarity(i_shared_info, hidden)
+        i_concept_to_stock = self.softmax_t2s(i_concept_to_stock)
+        i_shared_info = i_concept_to_stock.mm(hidden)
+        i_shared_info = self.fc_is(i_shared_info)
+
+        i_shared_back = self.fc_is_back(i_shared_info)
+        output_is = self.fc_is_fore(i_shared_info)
+        output_is = self.leaky_relu(output_is)
+
+        # Individual Information Module
+        individual_info = x_hidden - e_shared_back - i_shared_back
+        output_indi = individual_info
+        output_indi = self.fc_indi(output_indi)
+        output_indi = self.leaky_relu(output_indi)
+
+        # Stock Trend Prediction
+        all_info = output_es + output_is + output_indi
+        pred_all = self.fc_out(all_info).squeeze()
+
+        return pred_all

qlib/contrib/model/pytorch_igmtf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+from typing import Text, Union
+import copy
+from ...utils import get_or_create_path
+from ...log import get_module_logger
+
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+import torch.optim as optim
+
+from .pytorch_utils import count_parameters
+from ...model.base import Model
+from ...data.dataset import DatasetH
+from ...data.dataset.handler import DataHandlerLP
+from ...contrib.model.pytorch_lstm import LSTMModel
+from ...contrib.model.pytorch_gru import GRUModel
+
+
+class IGMTF(Model):
+    """IGMTF Model
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    d_feat : int
+        input dimension for each time step
+    metric: str
+        the evaluate metric used in early stop
+    optimizer : str
+        optimizer name
+    GPU : str
+        the GPU ID(s) used for training
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        d_feat=6,
+        hidden_size=64,
+        num_layers=2,
+        dropout=0.0,
+        n_epochs=200,
+        lr=0.001,
+        metric="",
+        early_stop=20,
+        loss="mse",
+        base_model="GRU",
+        model_path=None,
+        optimizer="adam",
+        GPU=0,
+        seed=None,
+        **kwargs
+    ):
+        # Set logger.
+        self.logger = get_module_logger("IGMTF")
+        self.logger.info("IMGTF pytorch version...")
+
+        # set hyper-parameters.
+        self.d_feat = d_feat
+        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
+        self.num_layers = num_layers
+        self.dropout = dropout
+        self.n_epochs = n_epochs
+        self.lr = lr
+        self.metric = metric
+        self.early_stop = early_stop
+        self.optimizer = optimizer.lower()
+        self.loss = loss
+        self.base_model = base_model
+        self.model_path = model_path
+        self.device = torch.device("cuda:%d" % (GPU) if torch.cuda.is_available() and GPU >= 0 else "cpu")
+        self.seed = seed
+
+        self.logger.info(
+            "IGMTF parameters setting:"
+            "\nd_feat : {}"
+            "\nhidden_size : {}"
+            "\nnum_layers : {}"
+            "\ndropout : {}"
+            "\nn_epochs : {}"
+            "\nlr : {}"
+            "\nmetric : {}"
+            "\nearly_stop : {}"
+            "\noptimizer : {}"
+            "\nloss_type : {}"
+            "\nbase_model : {}"
+            "\nmodel_path : {}"
+            "\nvisible_GPU : {}"
+            "\nuse_GPU : {}"
+            "\nseed : {}".format(
+                d_feat,
+                hidden_size,
+                num_layers,
+                dropout,
+                n_epochs,
+                lr,
+                metric,
+                early_stop,
+                optimizer.lower(),
+                loss,
+                base_model,
+                model_path,
+                GPU,
+                self.use_gpu,
+                seed,
+            )
+        )
+
+        if self.seed is not None:
+            np.random.seed(self.seed)
+            torch.manual_seed(self.seed)
+
+        self.igmtf_model = IGMTFModel(
+            d_feat=self.d_feat,
+            hidden_size=self.hidden_size,
+            num_layers=self.num_layers,
+            dropout=self.dropout,
+            base_model=self.base_model,
+        )
+        self.logger.info("model:\n{:}".format(self.igmtf_model))
+        self.logger.info("model size: {:.4f} MB".format(count_parameters(self.igmtf_model)))
+
+        if optimizer.lower() == "adam":
+            self.train_optimizer = optim.Adam(self.igmtf_model.parameters(), lr=self.lr)
+        elif optimizer.lower() == "gd":
+            self.train_optimizer = optim.SGD(self.igmtf_model.parameters(), lr=self.lr)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("optimizer {} is not supported!".format(optimizer))
+
+        self.fitted = False
+        self.igmtf_model.to(self.device)
+
+    @property
+    def use_gpu(self):
+        return self.device != torch.device("cpu")
+
+    def mse(self, pred, label):
+        loss = (pred - label) ** 2
+        return torch.mean(loss)
+
+    def loss_fn(self, pred, label):
+        mask = ~torch.isnan(label)
+
+        if self.loss == "mse":
+            return self.mse(pred[mask], label[mask])
+
+        raise ValueError("unknown loss `%s`" % self.loss)
+
+    def metric_fn(self, pred, label):
+
+        mask = torch.isfinite(label)
+
+        if self.metric == "ic":
+            x = pred[mask]
+            y = label[mask]
+
+            vx = x - torch.mean(x)
+            vy = y - torch.mean(y)
+            return torch.sum(vx * vy) / (torch.sqrt(torch.sum(vx**2)) * torch.sqrt(torch.sum(vy**2)))
+
+        if self.metric == ("", "loss"):
+            return -self.loss_fn(pred[mask], label[mask])
+
+        raise ValueError("unknown metric `%s`" % self.metric)
+
+    def get_daily_inter(self, df, shuffle=False):
+        # organize the train data into daily batches
+        daily_count = df.groupby(level=0).size().values
+        daily_index = np.roll(np.cumsum(daily_count), 1)
+        daily_index[0] = 0
+        if shuffle:
+            # shuffle data
+            daily_shuffle = list(zip(daily_index, daily_count))
+            np.random.shuffle(daily_shuffle)
+            daily_index, daily_count = zip(*daily_shuffle)
+        return daily_index, daily_count
+
+    def get_train_hidden(self, x_train):
+        x_train_values = x_train.values
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(x_train, shuffle=True)
+        self.igmtf_model.eval()
+        train_hidden = []
+        train_hidden_day = []
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            feature = torch.from_numpy(x_train_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            out = self.igmtf_model(feature, get_hidden=True)
+            train_hidden.append(out.detach().cpu())
+            train_hidden_day.append(out.detach().cpu().mean(dim=0).unsqueeze(dim=0))
+
+        train_hidden = np.asarray(train_hidden, dtype=object)
+        train_hidden_day = torch.cat(train_hidden_day)
+
+        return train_hidden, train_hidden_day
+
+    def train_epoch(self, x_train, y_train, train_hidden, train_hidden_day):
+
+        x_train_values = x_train.values
+        y_train_values = np.squeeze(y_train.values)
+
+        self.igmtf_model.train()
+
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(x_train, shuffle=True)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            feature = torch.from_numpy(x_train_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            label = torch.from_numpy(y_train_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            pred = self.igmtf_model(feature, train_hidden=train_hidden, train_hidden_day=train_hidden_day)
+            loss = self.loss_fn(pred, label)
+
+            self.train_optimizer.zero_grad()
+            loss.backward()
+            torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_value_(self.igmtf_model.parameters(), 3.0)
+            self.train_optimizer.step()
+
+    def test_epoch(self, data_x, data_y, train_hidden, train_hidden_day):
+
+        # prepare training data
+        x_values = data_x.values
+        y_values = np.squeeze(data_y.values)
+
+        self.igmtf_model.eval()
+
+        scores = []
+        losses = []
+
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(data_x, shuffle=False)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            feature = torch.from_numpy(x_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+            label = torch.from_numpy(y_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+
+            pred = self.igmtf_model(feature, train_hidden=train_hidden, train_hidden_day=train_hidden_day)
+            loss = self.loss_fn(pred, label)
+            losses.append(loss.item())
+
+            score = self.metric_fn(pred, label)
+            scores.append(score.item())
+
+        return np.mean(losses), np.mean(scores)
+
+    def fit(
+        self,
+        dataset: DatasetH,
+        evals_result=dict(),
+        save_path=None,
+    ):
+
+        df_train, df_valid = dataset.prepare(
+            ["train", "valid"],
+            col_set=["feature", "label"],
+            data_key=DataHandlerLP.DK_L,
+        )
+        if df_train.empty or df_valid.empty:
+            raise ValueError("Empty data from dataset, please check your dataset config.")
+
+        x_train, y_train = df_train["feature"], df_train["label"]
+        x_valid, y_valid = df_valid["feature"], df_valid["label"]
+
+        save_path = get_or_create_path(save_path)
+        stop_steps = 0
+        train_loss = 0
+        best_score = -np.inf
+        best_epoch = 0
+        evals_result["train"] = []
+        evals_result["valid"] = []
+
+        # load pretrained base_model
+        if self.base_model == "LSTM":
+            pretrained_model = LSTMModel()
+        elif self.base_model == "GRU":
+            pretrained_model = GRUModel()
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unknown base model name `%s`" % self.base_model)
+
+        if self.model_path is not None:
+            self.logger.info("Loading pretrained model...")
+            pretrained_model.load_state_dict(torch.load(self.model_path, map_location=self.device))
+
+        model_dict = self.igmtf_model.state_dict()
+        pretrained_dict = {
+            k: v for k, v in pretrained_model.state_dict().items() if k in model_dict  # pylint: disable=E1135
+        }
+        model_dict.update(pretrained_dict)
+        self.igmtf_model.load_state_dict(model_dict)
+        self.logger.info("Loading pretrained model Done...")
+
+        # train
+        self.logger.info("training...")
+        self.fitted = True
+
+        for step in range(self.n_epochs):
+            self.logger.info("Epoch%d:", step)
+            self.logger.info("training...")
+            train_hidden, train_hidden_day = self.get_train_hidden(x_train)
+            self.train_epoch(x_train, y_train, train_hidden, train_hidden_day)
+            self.logger.info("evaluating...")
+            train_loss, train_score = self.test_epoch(x_train, y_train, train_hidden, train_hidden_day)
+            val_loss, val_score = self.test_epoch(x_valid, y_valid, train_hidden, train_hidden_day)
+            self.logger.info("train %.6f, valid %.6f" % (train_score, val_score))
+            evals_result["train"].append(train_score)
+            evals_result["valid"].append(val_score)
+
+            if val_score > best_score:
+                best_score = val_score
+                stop_steps = 0
+                best_epoch = step
+                best_param = copy.deepcopy(self.igmtf_model.state_dict())
+            else:
+                stop_steps += 1
+                if stop_steps >= self.early_stop:
+                    self.logger.info("early stop")
+                    break
+
+        self.logger.info("best score: %.6lf @ %d" % (best_score, best_epoch))
+        self.igmtf_model.load_state_dict(best_param)
+        torch.save(best_param, save_path)
+
+        if self.use_gpu:
+            torch.cuda.empty_cache()
+
+    def predict(self, dataset: DatasetH, segment: Union[Text, slice] = "test"):
+        if not self.fitted:
+            raise ValueError("model is not fitted yet!")
+        x_train = dataset.prepare("train", col_set="feature", data_key=DataHandlerLP.DK_L)
+        train_hidden, train_hidden_day = self.get_train_hidden(x_train)
+        x_test = dataset.prepare(segment, col_set="feature", data_key=DataHandlerLP.DK_I)
+        index = x_test.index
+        self.igmtf_model.eval()
+        x_values = x_test.values
+        preds = []
+
+        daily_index, daily_count = self.get_daily_inter(x_test, shuffle=False)
+
+        for idx, count in zip(daily_index, daily_count):
+            batch = slice(idx, idx + count)
+            x_batch = torch.from_numpy(x_values[batch]).float().to(self.device)
+
+            with torch.no_grad():
+                pred = (
+                    self.igmtf_model(x_batch, train_hidden=train_hidden, train_hidden_day=train_hidden_day)
+                    .detach()
+                    .cpu()
+                    .numpy()
+                )
+
+            preds.append(pred)
+
+        return pd.Series(np.concatenate(preds), index=index)
+
+
+class IGMTFModel(nn.Module):
+    def __init__(self, d_feat=6, hidden_size=64, num_layers=2, dropout=0.0, base_model="GRU"):
+        super().__init__()
+
+        if base_model == "GRU":
+            self.rnn = nn.GRU(
+                input_size=d_feat,
+                hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                num_layers=num_layers,
+                batch_first=True,
+                dropout=dropout,
+            )
+        elif base_model == "LSTM":
+            self.rnn = nn.LSTM(
+                input_size=d_feat,
+                hidden_size=hidden_size,
+                num_layers=num_layers,
+                batch_first=True,
+                dropout=dropout,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unknown base model name `%s`" % base_model)
+        self.lins = nn.Sequential()
+        for i in range(2):
+            self.lins.add_module("linear" + str(i), nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size))
+            self.lins.add_module("leakyrelu" + str(i), nn.LeakyReLU())
+        self.fc_output = nn.Linear(hidden_size * 2, hidden_size * 2)
+        self.project1 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=False)
+        self.project2 = nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=False)
+        self.fc_out_pred = nn.Linear(hidden_size * 2, 1)
+
+        self.leaky_relu = nn.LeakyReLU()
+        self.d_feat = d_feat
+
+    def cal_cos_similarity(self, x, y):  # the 2nd dimension of x and y are the same
+        xy = x.mm(torch.t(y))
+        x_norm = torch.sqrt(torch.sum(x * x, dim=1)).reshape(-1, 1)
+        y_norm = torch.sqrt(torch.sum(y * y, dim=1)).reshape(-1, 1)
+        cos_similarity = xy / (x_norm.mm(torch.t(y_norm)) + 1e-6)
+        return cos_similarity
+
+    def sparse_dense_mul(self, s, d):
+        i = s._indices()
+        v = s._values()
+        dv = d[i[0, :], i[1, :]]  # get values from relevant entries of dense matrix
+        return torch.sparse.FloatTensor(i, v * dv, s.size())
+
+    def forward(self, x, get_hidden=False, train_hidden=None, train_hidden_day=None, k_day=10, n_neighbor=10):
+        # x: [N, F*T]
+        device = x.device
+        x = x.reshape(len(x), self.d_feat, -1)  # [N, F, T]
+        x = x.permute(0, 2, 1)  # [N, T, F]
+        out, _ = self.rnn(x)
+        out = out[:, -1, :]
+        out = self.lins(out)
+        mini_batch_out = out
+        if get_hidden is True:
+            return mini_batch_out
+
+        mini_batch_out_day = torch.mean(mini_batch_out, dim=0).unsqueeze(0)
+        day_similarity = self.cal_cos_similarity(mini_batch_out_day, train_hidden_day.to(device))
+        day_index = torch.topk(day_similarity, k_day, dim=1)[1]
+        sample_train_hidden = train_hidden[day_index.long().cpu()].squeeze()
+        sample_train_hidden = torch.cat(list(sample_train_hidden)).to(device)
+        sample_train_hidden = self.lins(sample_train_hidden)
+        cos_similarity = self.cal_cos_similarity(self.project1(mini_batch_out), self.project2(sample_train_hidden))
+
+        row = (
+            torch.linspace(0, x.shape[0] - 1, x.shape[0])
+            .reshape([-1, 1])
+            .repeat(1, n_neighbor)
+            .reshape(1, -1)
+            .to(device)
+        )
+        column = torch.topk(cos_similarity, n_neighbor, dim=1)[1].reshape(1, -1)
+        mask = torch.sparse_coo_tensor(
+            torch.cat([row, column]),
+            torch.ones([row.shape[1]]).to(device) / n_neighbor,
+            (x.shape[0], sample_train_hidden.shape[0]),
+        )
+        cos_similarity = self.sparse_dense_mul(mask, cos_similarity)
+
+        agg_out = torch.sparse.mm(cos_similarity, self.project2(sample_train_hidden))
+        # out = self.fc_out(out).squeeze()
+        out = self.fc_out_pred(torch.cat([mini_batch_out, agg_out], axis=1)).squeeze()
+        return out

qlib/contrib/model/pytorch_sfm.py

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class SFM_Model(nn.Module):
             if len(self.states) == 0:  # hasn't initialized yet
                 self.init_states(x)
             self.get_constants(x)
-            p_tm1 = self.states[0]
+            p_tm1 = self.states[0]  # noqa: F841
             h_tm1 = self.states[1]
             S_re_tm1 = self.states[2]
             S_im_tm1 = self.states[3]

qlib/contrib/model/pytorch_tabnet.py

@@ -477,10 +477,10 @@ class TabNet(nn.Module):
         sparse_loss = []
         out = torch.zeros(x.size(0), self.n_d).to(x.device)
         for step in self.steps:
-            x_te, l = step(x, x_a, priors)
+            x_te, loss = step(x, x_a, priors)
             out += F.relu(x_te[:, : self.n_d])  # split the feature from feat_transformer
             x_a = x_te[:, self.n_d :]
-            sparse_loss.append(l)
+            sparse_loss.append(loss)
         return self.fc(out), sum(sparse_loss)
 
 

qlib/contrib/model/pytorch_tcts.py

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ class TCTS(Model):
 
         init_fore_model = copy.deepcopy(self.fore_model)
         for p in init_fore_model.parameters():
-            p.init_fore_model = False
+            p.requires_grad = False
 
         self.fore_model.train()
         self.weight_model.train()

qlib/contrib/online/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 '''
 TODO:

qlib/contrib/online/manager.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import yaml
 import pathlib

qlib/contrib/online/online_model.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import random
 import pandas as pd

qlib/contrib/online/operator.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import fire
 import pandas as pd

qlib/contrib/online/user.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import logging
 

qlib/contrib/online/utils.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import pathlib
 import pickle

qlib/contrib/ops/high_freq.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
 from datetime import datetime
 
 from qlib.data.cache import H
 from qlib.data.data import Cal
-from qlib.data.ops import ElemOperator
+from qlib.data.ops import ElemOperator, PairOperator
 from qlib.utils.time import time_to_day_index
 
 
@@ -35,6 +36,17 @@ def get_calendar_day(freq="1min", future=False):
     return _calendar
 
 
+def get_calendar_minute(freq="day", future=False):
+    """Load High-Freq Calendar Minute Using Memcache"""
+    flag = f"{freq}_future_{future}_day"
+    if flag in H["c"]:
+        _calendar = H["c"][flag]
+    else:
+        _calendar = np.array(list(map(lambda x: x.minute // 30, Cal.load_calendar(freq, future))))
+        H["c"][flag] = _calendar
+    return _calendar
+
+
 class DayCumsum(ElemOperator):
     """DayCumsum Operator during start time and end time.
 
@@ -83,3 +95,181 @@ class DayCumsum(ElemOperator):
         _calendar = get_calendar_day(freq=freq)
         series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
         return series.groupby(_calendar[series.index]).transform(self.period_cusum)
+
+
+class DayLast(ElemOperator):
+    """DayLast Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        a series of that each value equals the last value of its day
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        _calendar = get_calendar_day(freq=freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series.groupby(_calendar[series.index]).transform("last")
+
+
+class FFillNan(ElemOperator):
+    """FFillNan Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        a forward fill nan feature
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series.fillna(method="ffill")
+
+
+class BFillNan(ElemOperator):
+    """BFillNan Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        a backfoward fill nan feature
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series.fillna(method="bfill")
+
+
+class Date(ElemOperator):
+    """Date Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        a series of that each value is the date corresponding to feature.index
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        _calendar = get_calendar_day(freq=freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return pd.Series(_calendar[series.index], index=series.index)
+
+
+class Select(PairOperator):
+    """Select Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature_left : Expression
+        feature instance, select condition
+    feature_right : Expression
+        feature instance, select value
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        value(feature_right) that meets the condition(feature_left)
+
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series_condition = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series_feature = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series_feature.loc[series_condition]
+
+
+class IsNull(ElemOperator):
+    """IsNull Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        A series indicating whether the feature is nan
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series.isnull()
+
+
+class IsInf(ElemOperator):
+    """IsInf Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        A series indicating whether the feature is inf
+    """
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return np.isinf(series)
+
+
+class Cut(ElemOperator):
+    """Cut Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature : Expression
+        feature instance
+    l : int
+        l > 0, delete the first l elements of feature (default is None, which means 0)
+    r : int
+        r < 0, delete the last -r elements of feature (default is None, which means 0)
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    feature:
+        A series with the first l and last -r elements deleted from the feature.
+        Note: It is deleted from the raw data, not the sliced data
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, feature, left=None, right=None):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+        if (self.left is not None and self.left <= 0) or (self.right is not None and self.right >= 0):
+            raise ValueError("Cut operator l shoud > 0 and r should < 0")
+
+        super(Cut, self).__init__(feature)
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return series.iloc[self.left : self.right]
+
+    def get_extended_window_size(self):
+        ll = 0 if self.left is None else self.left
+        rr = 0 if self.right is None else abs(self.right)
+        lft_etd, rght_etd = self.feature.get_extended_window_size()
+        lft_etd = lft_etd + ll
+        rght_etd = rght_etd + rr
+        return lft_etd, rght_etd

qlib/contrib/report/analysis_model/__init__.py

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 from .analysis_model_performance import model_performance_graph
+
+
+__all__ = ["model_performance_graph"]

qlib/contrib/report/analysis_position/__init__.py

@@ -6,3 +6,6 @@ from .score_ic import score_ic_graph
 from .report import report_graph
 from .rank_label import rank_label_graph
 from .risk_analysis import risk_analysis_graph
+
+
+__all__ = ["cumulative_return_graph", "score_ic_graph", "report_graph", "rank_label_graph", "risk_analysis_graph"]

qlib/contrib/report/analysis_position/parse_position.py

@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@ def parse_position(position: dict = None) -> pd.DataFrame:
             if not _trading_day_sell_df.empty:
                 _trading_day_sell_df["status"] = -1
                 _trading_day_sell_df["date"] = _trading_date
-                _trading_day_df = _trading_day_df.append(_trading_day_sell_df, sort=False)
+                _trading_day_df = pd.concat([_trading_day_df, _trading_day_sell_df], sort=False)
 
-        result_df = result_df.append(_trading_day_df, sort=True)
+        result_df = pd.concat([result_df, _trading_day_df], sort=True)
 
         previous_data = dict(
             date=_trading_date,

qlib/contrib/report/analysis_position/risk_analysis.py

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def _get_monthly_risk_analysis_with_report(report_normal_df: pd.DataFrame) -> pd
             # _m_report_long_short,
             pd.Timestamp(year=gp_m[0], month=gp_m[1], day=month_days),
         )
-        _monthly_df = _monthly_df.append(_temp_df, sort=False)
+        _monthly_df = pd.concat([_monthly_df, _temp_df], sort=False)
 
     return _monthly_df
 

qlib/contrib/strategy/__init__.py

@@ -15,3 +15,14 @@ from .rule_strategy import (
 )
 
 from .cost_control import SoftTopkStrategy
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "TopkDropoutStrategy",
+    "WeightStrategyBase",
+    "EnhancedIndexingStrategy",
+    "TWAPStrategy",
+    "SBBStrategyBase",
+    "SBBStrategyEMA",
+    "SoftTopkStrategy",
+]

qlib/contrib/strategy/optimizer/__init__.py

@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@
 from .base import BaseOptimizer
 from .optimizer import PortfolioOptimizer
 from .enhanced_indexing import EnhancedIndexingOptimizer
+
+
+__all__ = ["BaseOptimizer", "PortfolioOptimizer", "EnhancedIndexingOptimizer"]

qlib/contrib/strategy/signal_strategy.py

@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ class TopkDropoutStrategy(BaseSignalStrategy):
         if self.only_tradable:
             # If The strategy only consider tradable stock when make decision
             # It needs following actions to filter stocks
-            def get_first_n(l, n, reverse=False):
+            def get_first_n(li, n, reverse=False):
                 cur_n = 0
                 res = []
-                for si in reversed(l) if reverse else l:
+                for si in reversed(li) if reverse else li:
                     if self.trade_exchange.is_stock_tradable(
                         stock_id=si, start_time=trade_start_time, end_time=trade_end_time
                     ):
@@ -144,13 +144,13 @@ class TopkDropoutStrategy(BaseSignalStrategy):
                             break
                 return res[::-1] if reverse else res
 
-            def get_last_n(l, n):
+            def get_last_n(li, n):
-                return get_first_n(l, n, reverse=True)
+                return get_first_n(li, n, reverse=True)
 
-            def filter_stock(l):
+            def filter_stock(li):
                 return [
                     si
-                    for si in l
+                    for si in li
                     if self.trade_exchange.is_stock_tradable(
                         stock_id=si, start_time=trade_start_time, end_time=trade_end_time
                     )
@@ -158,14 +158,14 @@ class TopkDropoutStrategy(BaseSignalStrategy):
 
         else:
             # Otherwise, the stock will make decision with out the stock tradable info
-            def get_first_n(l, n):
+            def get_first_n(li, n):
-                return list(l)[:n]
+                return list(li)[:n]
 
-            def get_last_n(l, n):
+            def get_last_n(li, n):
-                return list(l)[-n:]
+                return list(li)[-n:]
 
-            def filter_stock(l):
+            def filter_stock(li):
-                return l
+                return li
 
         current_temp = copy.deepcopy(self.trade_position)
         # generate order list for this adjust date
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ class TopkDropoutStrategy(BaseSignalStrategy):
             candi = filter_stock(last)
             try:
                 sell = pd.Index(np.random.choice(candi, self.n_drop, replace=False) if len(last) else [])
-            except ValueError:  #  No enough candidates
+            except ValueError:  # No enough candidates
                 sell = candi
         else:
             raise NotImplementedError(f"This type of input is not supported")

qlib/contrib/tuner/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa

qlib/contrib/tuner/config.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import yaml
 import copy

qlib/contrib/tuner/launcher.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 # coding=utf-8
 

qlib/contrib/tuner/pipeline.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import os
 import json

qlib/contrib/tuner/space.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 from hyperopt import hp
 

qlib/contrib/tuner/tuner.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 # pylint: skip-file
+# flake8: noqa
 
 import os
 import yaml

qlib/contrib/workflow/__init__.py

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 #  Licensed under the MIT License.
 from .record_temp import MultiSegRecord
 from .record_temp import SignalMseRecord
+
+
+__all__ = ["MultiSegRecord", "SignalMseRecord"]

qlib/data/__init__.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from .data import (
     LocalCalendarProvider,
     LocalInstrumentProvider,
     LocalFeatureProvider,
+    LocalPITProvider,
     LocalExpressionProvider,
     LocalDatasetProvider,
     ClientCalendarProvider,
@@ -34,3 +35,32 @@ from .cache import (
     DatasetURICache,
     MemoryCalendarCache,
 )
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "D",
+    "CalendarProvider",
+    "InstrumentProvider",
+    "FeatureProvider",
+    "ExpressionProvider",
+    "DatasetProvider",
+    "LocalCalendarProvider",
+    "LocalInstrumentProvider",
+    "LocalFeatureProvider",
+    "LocalPITProvider",
+    "LocalExpressionProvider",
+    "LocalDatasetProvider",
+    "ClientCalendarProvider",
+    "ClientInstrumentProvider",
+    "ClientDatasetProvider",
+    "BaseProvider",
+    "LocalProvider",
+    "ClientProvider",
+    "ExpressionCache",
+    "DatasetCache",
+    "DiskExpressionCache",
+    "DiskDatasetCache",
+    "SimpleDatasetCache",
+    "DatasetURICache",
+    "MemoryCalendarCache",
+]

qlib/data/base.py

@@ -6,12 +6,20 @@ from __future__ import division
 from __future__ import print_function
 
 import abc
-
+import pandas as pd
 from ..log import get_module_logger
 
 
 class Expression(abc.ABC):
-    """Expression base class"""
+    """
+    Expression base class
+
+    Expression is designed to handle the calculation of data with the format below
+    data with two dimension for each instrument,
+    - feature
+    - time:  it  could be observation time or period time.
+        - period time is designed for Point-in-time database.  For example, the period time maybe 2014Q4, its value can observed for multiple times(different value may be observed at different time due to amendment).
+    """
 
     def __str__(self):
         return type(self).__name__
@@ -104,6 +112,11 @@ class Expression(abc.ABC):
 
         return Power(self, other)
 
+    def __rpow__(self, other):
+        from .ops import Power  # pylint: disable=C0415
+
+        return Power(other, self)
+
     def __and__(self, other):
         from .ops import And  # pylint: disable=C0415
 
@@ -124,8 +137,18 @@ class Expression(abc.ABC):
 
         return Or(other, self)
 
-    def load(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def load(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
         """load  feature
+        This function is responsible for loading feature/expression based on the expression engine.
+
+        The concrete implementation will be separated into two parts:
+        1) caching data, handle errors.
+            - This part is shared by all the expressions and implemented in Expression
+        2) processing and calculating data based on the specific expression.
+            - This part is different in each expression and implemented in each expression
+
+        Expression Engine is shared by different data.
+        Different data will have different extra information for `args`.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
@@ -135,8 +158,18 @@ class Expression(abc.ABC):
             feature start index [in calendar].
         end_index : str
             feature end  index  [in calendar].
-        freq : str
+
-            feature frequency.
+        *args may contain following information:
+        1) if it is used in basic expression engine data, it contains following arguments
+            freq: str
+                feature frequency.
+
+        2) if is used in PIT data, it contains following arguments
+            cur_pit:
+                it is designed for the point-in-time data.
+            period: int
+                This is used for query specific period.
+                The period is represented with int in Qlib. (e.g. 202001 may represent the first quarter in 2020)
 
         Returns
         ----------
@@ -146,26 +179,26 @@ class Expression(abc.ABC):
         from .cache import H  # pylint: disable=C0415
 
         # cache
-        args = str(self), instrument, start_index, end_index, freq
+        cache_key = str(self), instrument, start_index, end_index, *args
-        if args in H["f"]:
+        if cache_key in H["f"]:
-            return H["f"][args]
+            return H["f"][cache_key]
         if start_index is not None and end_index is not None and start_index > end_index:
             raise ValueError("Invalid index range: {} {}".format(start_index, end_index))
         try:
-            series = self._load_internal(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series = self._load_internal(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         except Exception as e:
             get_module_logger("data").debug(
                 f"Loading data error: instrument={instrument}, expression={str(self)}, "
-                f"start_index={start_index}, end_index={end_index}, freq={freq}. "
+                f"start_index={start_index}, end_index={end_index}, args={args}. "
                 f"error info: {str(e)}"
             )
             raise
         series.name = str(self)
-        H["f"][args] = series
+        H["f"][cache_key] = series
         return series
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args) -> pd.Series:
         raise NotImplementedError("This function must be implemented in your newly defined feature")
 
     @abc.abstractmethod
@@ -225,6 +258,16 @@ class Feature(Expression):
         return 0, 0
 
 
+class PFeature(Feature):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "$$" + self._name
+
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, cur_time, period=None):
+        from .data import PITD  # pylint: disable=C0415
+
+        return PITD.period_feature(instrument, str(self), start_index, end_index, cur_time, period)
+
+
 class ExpressionOps(Expression):
     """Operator Expression
 

qlib/data/cache.py

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ from ..utils import (
 
 from ..log import get_module_logger
 from .base import Feature
-from .ops import Operators  # pylint: disable=W0611
+from .ops import Operators  # pylint: disable=W0611  # noqa: F401
 
 
 class QlibCacheException(RuntimeError):
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ class DiskExpressionCache(ExpressionCache):
                     CacheUtils.visit(cache_path)
                 series = read_bin(cache_path, start_index, end_index)
                 return series
-            except Exception as e:
+            except Exception:
                 series = None
                 self.logger.error("reading %s file error : %s" % (cache_path, traceback.format_exc()))
             return series
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ class SimpleDatasetCache(DatasetCache):
         super(SimpleDatasetCache, self).__init__(provider)
         try:
             self.local_cache_path: Path = Path(C["local_cache_path"]).expanduser().resolve()
-        except (KeyError, TypeError) as e:
+        except (KeyError, TypeError):
             self.logger.error("Assign a local_cache_path in config if you want to use this cache mechanism")
             raise
         self.logger.info(

qlib/data/data.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import queue
 import bisect
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
-from typing import List, Union
+from typing import List, Union, Optional
 
 # For supporting multiprocessing in outer code, joblib is used
 from joblib import delayed
@@ -34,9 +34,11 @@ from ..utils import (
     code_to_fname,
     set_log_with_config,
     time_to_slc_point,
+    read_period_data,
+    get_period_list,
 )
 from ..utils.paral import ParallelExt
-from .ops import Operators  # pylint: disable=W0611
+from .ops import Operators  # pylint: disable=W0611  # noqa: F401
 
 
 class ProviderBackendMixin:
@@ -331,6 +333,51 @@ class FeatureProvider(abc.ABC):
         raise NotImplementedError("Subclass of FeatureProvider must implement `feature` method")
 
 
+class PITProvider(abc.ABC):
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def period_feature(
+        self,
+        instrument,
+        field,
+        start_index: int,
+        end_index: int,
+        cur_time: pd.Timestamp,
+        period: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> pd.Series:
+        """
+        get the historical periods data series between `start_index` and `end_index`
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        start_index: int
+            start_index is a relative index to the latest period to cur_time
+
+        end_index: int
+            end_index is a relative index to the latest period to cur_time
+            in most cases, the start_index and end_index will be a non-positive values
+            For example, start_index == -3 end_index == 0 and current period index is cur_idx,
+            then the data between [start_index + cur_idx, end_index + cur_idx] will be retrieved.
+
+        period: int
+            This is used for query specific period.
+            The period is represented with int in Qlib. (e.g. 202001 may represent the first quarter in 2020)
+            NOTE: `period`  will override `start_index` and `end_index`
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        pd.Series
+            The index will be integers to indicate the periods of the data
+            An typical examples will be
+            TODO
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        FileNotFoundError
+            This exception will be raised if the queried data do not exist.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(f"Please implement the `period_feature` method")
+
+
 class ExpressionProvider(abc.ABC):
     """Expression provider class
 
@@ -583,7 +630,7 @@ class DatasetProvider(abc.ABC):
         for _processor in inst_processors:
             if _processor:
                 _processor_obj = init_instance_by_config(_processor, accept_types=InstProcessor)
-                data = _processor_obj(data)
+                data = _processor_obj(data, instrument=inst)
         return data
 
 
@@ -694,6 +741,95 @@ class LocalFeatureProvider(FeatureProvider, ProviderBackendMixin):
         return self.backend_obj(instrument=instrument, field=field, freq=freq)[start_index : end_index + 1]
 
 
+class LocalPITProvider(PITProvider):
+    # TODO: Add PIT backend file storage
+    # NOTE: This class is not multi-threading-safe!!!!
+
+    def period_feature(self, instrument, field, start_index, end_index, cur_time, period=None):
+        if not isinstance(cur_time, pd.Timestamp):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Expected pd.Timestamp for `cur_time`, got '{cur_time}'. Advices: you can't query PIT data directly(e.g. '$$roewa_q'), you must use `P` operator to convert data to each day (e.g. 'P($$roewa_q)')"
+            )
+
+        assert end_index <= 0  # PIT don't support querying future data
+
+        DATA_RECORDS = [
+            ("date", C.pit_record_type["date"]),
+            ("period", C.pit_record_type["period"]),
+            ("value", C.pit_record_type["value"]),
+            ("_next", C.pit_record_type["index"]),
+        ]
+        VALUE_DTYPE = C.pit_record_type["value"]
+
+        field = str(field).lower()[2:]
+        instrument = code_to_fname(instrument)
+
+        # {For acceleration
+        # start_index, end_index, cur_index = kwargs["info"]
+        # if cur_index == start_index:
+        #     if not hasattr(self, "all_fields"):
+        #         self.all_fields = []
+        #     self.all_fields.append(field)
+        #     if not hasattr(self, "period_index"):
+        #         self.period_index = {}
+        #     if field not in self.period_index:
+        #         self.period_index[field] = {}
+        # For acceleration}
+
+        if not field.endswith("_q") and not field.endswith("_a"):
+            raise ValueError("period field must ends with '_q' or '_a'")
+        quarterly = field.endswith("_q")
+        index_path = C.dpm.get_data_uri() / "financial" / instrument.lower() / f"{field}.index"
+        data_path = C.dpm.get_data_uri() / "financial" / instrument.lower() / f"{field}.data"
+        if not (index_path.exists() and data_path.exists()):
+            raise FileNotFoundError("No file is found. Raise exception and  ")
+        # NOTE: The most significant performance loss is here.
+        # Does the acceleration that makes the program complicated really matters?
+        # - It makes parameters of the interface complicate
+        # - It does not performance in the optimal way (places all the pieces together, we may achieve higher performance)
+        #    - If we design it carefully, we can go through for only once to get the historical evolution of the data.
+        # So I decide to deprecated previous implementation and keep the logic of the program simple
+        # Instead, I'll add a cache for the index file.
+        data = np.fromfile(data_path, dtype=DATA_RECORDS)
+
+        # find all revision periods before `cur_time`
+        cur_time_int = int(cur_time.year) * 10000 + int(cur_time.month) * 100 + int(cur_time.day)
+        loc = np.searchsorted(data["date"], cur_time_int, side="right")
+        if loc <= 0:
+            return pd.Series()
+        last_period = data["period"][:loc].max()  # return the latest quarter
+        first_period = data["period"][:loc].min()
+        period_list = get_period_list(first_period, last_period, quarterly)
+        if period is not None:
+            # NOTE: `period` has higher priority than `start_index` & `end_index`
+            if period not in period_list:
+                return pd.Series()
+            else:
+                period_list = [period]
+        else:
+            period_list = period_list[max(0, len(period_list) + start_index - 1) : len(period_list) + end_index]
+        value = np.full((len(period_list),), np.nan, dtype=VALUE_DTYPE)
+        for i, p in enumerate(period_list):
+            # last_period_index = self.period_index[field].get(period)  # For acceleration
+            value[i], now_period_index = read_period_data(
+                index_path, data_path, p, cur_time_int, quarterly  # , last_period_index  # For acceleration
+            )
+            # self.period_index[field].update({period: now_period_index})  # For acceleration
+        # NOTE: the index is period_list; So it may result in unexpected values(e.g. nan)
+        # when calculation between different features and only part of its financial indicator is published
+        series = pd.Series(value, index=period_list, dtype=VALUE_DTYPE)
+
+        # {For acceleration
+        # if cur_index == end_index:
+        #     self.all_fields.remove(field)
+        #     if not len(self.all_fields):
+        #         del self.all_fields
+        #         del self.period_index
+        # For acceleration}
+
+        return series
+
+
 class LocalExpressionProvider(ExpressionProvider):
     """Local expression data provider class
 
@@ -1003,6 +1139,8 @@ class ClientDatasetProvider(DatasetProvider):
 
 class BaseProvider:
     """Local provider class
+    It is a set of interface that allow users to access data.
+    Because PITD is not exposed publicly to users, so it is not included in the interface.
 
     To keep compatible with old qlib provider.
     """
@@ -1126,6 +1264,7 @@ if sys.version_info >= (3, 9):
     CalendarProviderWrapper = Annotated[CalendarProvider, Wrapper]
     InstrumentProviderWrapper = Annotated[InstrumentProvider, Wrapper]
     FeatureProviderWrapper = Annotated[FeatureProvider, Wrapper]
+    PITProviderWrapper = Annotated[PITProvider, Wrapper]
     ExpressionProviderWrapper = Annotated[ExpressionProvider, Wrapper]
     DatasetProviderWrapper = Annotated[DatasetProvider, Wrapper]
     BaseProviderWrapper = Annotated[BaseProvider, Wrapper]
@@ -1133,6 +1272,7 @@ else:
     CalendarProviderWrapper = CalendarProvider
     InstrumentProviderWrapper = InstrumentProvider
     FeatureProviderWrapper = FeatureProvider
+    PITProviderWrapper = PITProvider
     ExpressionProviderWrapper = ExpressionProvider
     DatasetProviderWrapper = DatasetProvider
     BaseProviderWrapper = BaseProvider
@@ -1140,6 +1280,7 @@ else:
 Cal: CalendarProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
 Inst: InstrumentProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
 FeatureD: FeatureProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
+PITD: PITProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
 ExpressionD: ExpressionProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
 DatasetD: DatasetProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
 D: BaseProviderWrapper = Wrapper()
@@ -1165,6 +1306,11 @@ def register_all_wrappers(C):
         register_wrapper(FeatureD, feature_provider, "qlib.data")
         logger.debug(f"registering FeatureD {C.feature_provider}")
 
+    if getattr(C, "pit_provider", None) is not None:
+        pit_provider = init_instance_by_config(C.pit_provider, module)
+        register_wrapper(PITD, pit_provider, "qlib.data")
+        logger.debug(f"registering PITD {C.pit_provider}")
+
     if getattr(C, "expression_provider", None) is not None:
         # This provider is unnecessary in client provider
         _eprovider = init_instance_by_config(C.expression_provider, module)

qlib/data/dataset/__init__.py

@@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ class DatasetH(Dataset):
         Parameters
         ----------
         slc : please refer to the docs of `prepare`
+                NOTE: it may not be an instance of slice. It may be a segment of `segments` from `def prepare`
         """
         if hasattr(self, "fetch_kwargs"):
             return self.handler.fetch(slc, **kwargs, **self.fetch_kwargs)
@@ -199,6 +200,9 @@ class DatasetH(Dataset):
 
         col_set : str
             The col_set will be passed to self.handler when fetching data.
+            TODO: make it automatic:
+                - select DK_I for test data
+                - select DK_L for training data.
         data_key : str
             The data to fetch:  DK_*
             Default is DK_I, which indicate fetching data for **inference**.
@@ -346,7 +350,7 @@ class TSDataSampler:
             flt_data = flt_data.reindex(self.data_index).fillna(False).astype(np.bool)
             self.flt_data = flt_data.values
             self.idx_map = self.flt_idx_map(self.flt_data, self.idx_map)
-            self.data_index = self.data_index[np.where(self.flt_data is True)[0]]
+            self.data_index = self.data_index[np.where(self.flt_data)[0]]
         self.idx_map = self.idx_map2arr(self.idx_map)
 
         self.start_idx, self.end_idx = self.data_index.slice_locs(
@@ -609,3 +613,6 @@ class TSDatasetH(DatasetH):
 
         tsds = TSDataSampler(data=data, start=start, end=end, step_len=self.step_len, dtype=dtype, flt_data=flt_data)
         return tsds
+
+
+__all__ = ["Optional"]

qlib/data/dataset/handler.py

@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ class DataHandlerLP(DataHandler):
         # data for learning
         # 1) assign
         if self.process_type == DataHandlerLP.PTYPE_I:
-            _learn_df = self._data
+            _learn_df = _shared_df
         elif self.process_type == DataHandlerLP.PTYPE_A:
             # based on `infer_df` and append the processor
             _learn_df = _infer_df

qlib/data/dataset/processor.py

@@ -187,7 +187,13 @@ class Fillna(Processor):
             df.fillna(self.fill_value, inplace=True)
         else:
             cols = get_group_columns(df, self.fields_group)
-            df.fillna({col: self.fill_value for col in cols}, inplace=True)
+            # this implementation is extremely slow
+            # df.fillna({col: self.fill_value for col in cols}, inplace=True)
+
+            # So we use numpy to accelerate filling values
+            nan_select = np.isnan(df.values)
+            nan_select[:, ~df.columns.isin(cols)] = False
+            df.values[nan_select] = self.fill_value
         return df
 
 
@@ -318,6 +324,20 @@ class CSRankNorm(Processor):
     The operations across different stocks are often called Cross Sectional Operation.
 
     For example, CSRankNorm is an operation that grouping the data by each day and rank `across` all the stocks in each day.
+
+    Explanation about 3.46 & 0.5
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        import numpy as np
+        import pandas as pd
+        x = np.random.random(10000)  # for any variable
+        x_rank = pd.Series(x).rank(pct=True)  # if it is converted to rank, it will be a uniform distributed
+        x_rank_norm = (x_rank - x_rank.mean()) / x_rank.std()  # Normally, we will normalize it to make it like normal distribution
+
+        x_rank.mean()   # accounts for 0.5
+        1 / x_rank.std()  # accounts for 3.46
+
     """
 
     def __init__(self, fields_group=None):

qlib/data/inst_processor.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import pandas as pd
 
 class InstProcessor:
     @abc.abstractmethod
-    def __call__(self, df: pd.DataFrame, *args, **kwargs):
+    def __call__(self, df: pd.DataFrame, instrument, *args, **kwargs):
         """
         process the data
 

qlib/data/ops.py

@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ import pandas as pd
 
 from typing import Union, List, Type
 from scipy.stats import percentileofscore
-
+from .base import Expression, ExpressionOps, Feature, PFeature
-from .base import Expression, ExpressionOps, Feature
-
 from ..log import get_module_logger
 from ..utils import get_callable_kwargs
 
@@ -24,7 +22,7 @@ except ImportError:
         "#### Do not import qlib package in the repository directory in case of importing qlib from . without compiling #####"
     )
     raise
-except ValueError as e:
+except ValueError:
     print("!!!!!!!! A error occurs when importing operators implemented based on Cython.!!!!!!!!")
     print("!!!!!!!! They will be disabled. Please Upgrade your numpy to enable them     !!!!!!!!")
     # We catch this error because some platform can't upgrade there package (e.g. Kaggle)
@@ -84,8 +82,8 @@ class NpElemOperator(ElemOperator):
         self.func = func
         super(NpElemOperator, self).__init__(feature)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         return getattr(np, self.func)(series)
 
 
@@ -124,11 +122,11 @@ class Sign(NpElemOperator):
     def __init__(self, feature):
         super(Sign, self).__init__(feature, "sign")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
         """
         To avoid error raised by bool type input, we transform the data into float32.
         """
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # TODO:  More precision types should be configurable
         series = series.astype(np.float32)
         return getattr(np, self.func)(series)
@@ -152,32 +150,6 @@ class Log(NpElemOperator):
         super(Log, self).__init__(feature, "log")
 
 
-class Power(NpElemOperator):
-    """Feature Power
-
-    Parameters
-    ----------
-    feature : Expression
-        feature instance
-
-    Returns
-    ----------
-    Expression
-        a feature instance with power
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, feature, exponent):
-        super(Power, self).__init__(feature, "power")
-        self.exponent = exponent
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return "{}({},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature, self.exponent)
-
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
-        return getattr(np, self.func)(series, self.exponent)
-
-
 class Mask(NpElemOperator):
     """Feature Mask
 
@@ -201,8 +173,8 @@ class Mask(NpElemOperator):
     def __str__(self):
         return "{}({},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature, self.instrument.lower())
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        return self.feature.load(self.instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        return self.feature.load(self.instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
 
 
 class Not(NpElemOperator):
@@ -252,24 +224,24 @@ class PairOperator(ExpressionOps):
         return "{}({},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature_left, self.feature_right)
 
     def get_longest_back_rolling(self):
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
             left_br = self.feature_left.get_longest_back_rolling()
         else:
             left_br = 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
             right_br = self.feature_right.get_longest_back_rolling()
         else:
             right_br = 0
         return max(left_br, right_br)
 
     def get_extended_window_size(self):
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
             ll, lr = self.feature_left.get_extended_window_size()
         else:
             ll, lr = 0, 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
             rl, rr = self.feature_right.get_extended_window_size()
         else:
             rl, rr = 0, 0
@@ -298,16 +270,16 @@ class NpPairOperator(PairOperator):
         self.func = func
         super(NpPairOperator, self).__init__(feature_left, feature_right)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
         assert any(
-            [isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression), self.feature_right, Expression]
+            [isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)), self.feature_right, Expression]
         ), "at least one of two inputs is Expression instance"
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
-            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_left = self.feature_left  # numeric value
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
-            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_right = self.feature_right
         check_length = isinstance(series_left, (np.ndarray, pd.Series)) and isinstance(
@@ -335,6 +307,26 @@ class NpPairOperator(PairOperator):
         return res
 
 
+class Power(NpPairOperator):
+    """Power Operator
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    feature_left : Expression
+        feature instance
+    feature_right : Expression
+        feature instance
+
+    Returns
+    ----------
+    Feature:
+        The bases in feature_left raised to the exponents in feature_right
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, feature_left, feature_right):
+        super(Power, self).__init__(feature_left, feature_right, "power")
+
+
 class Add(NpPairOperator):
     """Add Operator
 
@@ -637,48 +629,48 @@ class If(ExpressionOps):
     def __str__(self):
         return "If({},{},{})".format(self.condition, self.feature_left, self.feature_right)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series_cond = self.condition.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series_cond = self.condition.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
-            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_left = self.feature_left
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
-            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_right = self.feature_right
         series = pd.Series(np.where(series_cond, series_left, series_right), index=series_cond.index)
         return series
 
     def get_longest_back_rolling(self):
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
             left_br = self.feature_left.get_longest_back_rolling()
         else:
             left_br = 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
             right_br = self.feature_right.get_longest_back_rolling()
         else:
             right_br = 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.condition, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.condition, (Expression,)):
             c_br = self.condition.get_longest_back_rolling()
         else:
             c_br = 0
         return max(left_br, right_br, c_br)
 
     def get_extended_window_size(self):
-        if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_left, (Expression,)):
             ll, lr = self.feature_left.get_extended_window_size()
         else:
             ll, lr = 0, 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.feature_right, (Expression,)):
             rl, rr = self.feature_right.get_extended_window_size()
         else:
             rl, rr = 0, 0
 
-        if isinstance(self.condition, Expression):
+        if isinstance(self.condition, (Expression,)):
             cl, cr = self.condition.get_extended_window_size()
         else:
             cl, cr = 0, 0
@@ -719,8 +711,8 @@ class Rolling(ExpressionOps):
     def __str__(self):
         return "{}({},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature, self.N)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # NOTE: remove all null check,
         # now it's user's responsibility to decide whether use features in null days
         # isnull = series.isnull() # NOTE: isnull = NaN, inf is not null
@@ -777,8 +769,8 @@ class Ref(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Ref, self).__init__(feature, N, "ref")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # N = 0, return first day
         if series.empty:
             return series  # Pandas bug, see: https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/21049
@@ -967,8 +959,8 @@ class IdxMax(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(IdxMax, self).__init__(feature, N, "idxmax")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = series.expanding(min_periods=1).apply(lambda x: x.argmax() + 1, raw=True)
         else:
@@ -1015,8 +1007,8 @@ class IdxMin(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(IdxMin, self).__init__(feature, N, "idxmin")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = series.expanding(min_periods=1).apply(lambda x: x.argmin() + 1, raw=True)
         else:
@@ -1047,8 +1039,8 @@ class Quantile(Rolling):
     def __str__(self):
         return "{}({},{},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature, self.N, self.qscore)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = series.expanding(min_periods=1).quantile(self.qscore)
         else:
@@ -1095,8 +1087,8 @@ class Mad(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Mad, self).__init__(feature, N, "mad")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # TODO: implement in Cython
 
         def mad(x):
@@ -1129,8 +1121,8 @@ class Rank(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Rank, self).__init__(feature, N, "rank")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # TODO: implement in Cython
 
         def rank(x):
@@ -1187,8 +1179,8 @@ class Delta(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Delta, self).__init__(feature, N, "delta")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = series - series.iloc[0]
         else:
@@ -1225,8 +1217,8 @@ class Slope(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Slope, self).__init__(feature, N, "slope")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = pd.Series(expanding_slope(series.values), index=series.index)
         else:
@@ -1253,8 +1245,8 @@ class Rsquare(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Rsquare, self).__init__(feature, N, "rsquare")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        _series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        _series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = pd.Series(expanding_rsquare(_series.values), index=_series.index)
         else:
@@ -1282,8 +1274,8 @@ class Resi(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(Resi, self).__init__(feature, N, "resi")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         if self.N == 0:
             series = pd.Series(expanding_resi(series.values), index=series.index)
         else:
@@ -1310,8 +1302,8 @@ class WMA(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(WMA, self).__init__(feature, N, "wma")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         # TODO: implement in Cython
 
         def weighted_mean(x):
@@ -1345,8 +1337,8 @@ class EMA(Rolling):
     def __init__(self, feature, N):
         super(EMA, self).__init__(feature, N, "ema")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
 
         def exp_weighted_mean(x):
             a = 1 - 2 / (1 + len(x))
@@ -1392,17 +1384,17 @@ class PairRolling(ExpressionOps):
     def __str__(self):
         return "{}({},{},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature_left, self.feature_right, self.N)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
         assert any(
             [isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression), self.feature_right, Expression]
         ), "at least one of two inputs is Expression instance"
 
         if isinstance(self.feature_left, Expression):
-            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_left = self.feature_left  # numeric value
         if isinstance(self.feature_right, Expression):
-            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+            series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         else:
             series_right = self.feature_right
 
@@ -1465,12 +1457,12 @@ class Corr(PairRolling):
     def __init__(self, feature_left, feature_right, N):
         super(Corr, self).__init__(feature_left, feature_right, N, "corr")
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        res: pd.Series = super(Corr, self)._load_internal(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        res: pd.Series = super(Corr, self)._load_internal(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
 
         # NOTE: Load uses MemCache, so calling load again will not cause performance degradation
-        series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series_left = self.feature_left.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
-        series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series_right = self.feature_right.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
         res.loc[
             np.isclose(series_left.rolling(self.N, min_periods=1).std(), 0, atol=2e-05)
             | np.isclose(series_right.rolling(self.N, min_periods=1).std(), 0, atol=2e-05)
@@ -1529,8 +1521,8 @@ class TResample(ElemOperator):
     def __str__(self):
         return "{}({},{})".format(type(self).__name__, self.feature, self.freq)
 
-    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, *args):
-        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, freq)
+        series = self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, *args)
 
         if series.empty:
             return series
@@ -1590,6 +1582,7 @@ OpsList = [
     IdxMin,
     If,
     Feature,
+    PFeature,
 ] + [TResample]
 
 
@@ -1622,7 +1615,7 @@ class OpsWrapper:
             else:
                 _ops_class = _operator
 
-            if not issubclass(_ops_class, Expression):
+            if not issubclass(_ops_class, (Expression,)):
                 raise TypeError("operator must be subclass of ExpressionOps, not {}".format(_ops_class))
 
             if _ops_class.__name__ in self._ops:
@@ -1644,8 +1637,10 @@ def register_all_ops(C):
     """register all operator"""
     logger = get_module_logger("ops")
 
+    from qlib.data.pit import P, PRef  # pylint: disable=C0415
+
     Operators.reset()
-    Operators.register(OpsList)
+    Operators.register(OpsList + [P, PRef])
 
     if getattr(C, "custom_ops", None) is not None:
         Operators.register(C.custom_ops)

qlib/data/pit.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+"""
+Qlib follow the logic below to supporting point-in-time database
+
+For each stock, the format of its data is <observe_time, feature>. Expression Engine support calculation on such format of data
+
+To calculate the feature value f_t at a specific observe time t,  data with format <period_time, feature> will be used.
+For example, the average earning of last 4 quarters (period_time) on 20190719 (observe_time)
+
+The calculation of both <period_time, feature> and <observe_time, feature> data rely on expression engine. It consists of 2 phases.
+1) calculation <period_time, feature> at each observation time t and it will collasped into a point (just like a normal feature)
+2) concatenate all th collasped data, we will get data with format <observe_time, feature>.
+Qlib will use the operator `P` to perform the collapse.
+"""
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+from qlib.data.ops import ElemOperator
+from qlib.log import get_module_logger
+from .data import Cal
+
+
+class P(ElemOperator):
+    def _load_internal(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, freq):
+
+        _calendar = Cal.calendar(freq=freq)
+        resample_data = np.empty(end_index - start_index + 1, dtype="float32")
+
+        for cur_index in range(start_index, end_index + 1):
+            cur_time = _calendar[cur_index]
+            # To load expression accurately, more historical data are required
+            start_ws, end_ws = self.feature.get_extended_window_size()
+            if end_ws > 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "PIT database does not support referring to future period (e.g. expressions like `Ref('$$roewa_q', -1)` are not supported"
+                )
+
+            # The calculated value will always the last element, so the end_offset is zero.
+            try:
+                s = self._load_feature(instrument, -start_ws, 0, cur_time)
+                resample_data[cur_index - start_index] = s.iloc[-1] if len(s) > 0 else np.nan
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                get_module_logger("base").warning(f"WARN: period data not found for {str(self)}")
+                return pd.Series(dtype="float32", name=str(self))
+
+        resample_series = pd.Series(
+            resample_data, index=pd.RangeIndex(start_index, end_index + 1), dtype="float32", name=str(self)
+        )
+        return resample_series
+
+    def _load_feature(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, cur_time):
+        return self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, cur_time)
+
+    def get_longest_back_rolling(self):
+        # The period data will collapse as a normal feature. So no extending and looking back
+        return 0
+
+    def get_extended_window_size(self):
+        # The period data will collapse as a normal feature. So no extending and looking back
+        return 0, 0
+
+
+class PRef(P):
+    def __init__(self, feature, period):
+        super().__init__(feature)
+        self.period = period
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{super().__str__()}[{self.period}]"
+
+    def _load_feature(self, instrument, start_index, end_index, cur_time):
+        return self.feature.load(instrument, start_index, end_index, cur_time, self.period)

qlib/data/storage/__init__.py

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 from .storage import CalendarStorage, InstrumentStorage, FeatureStorage, CalVT, InstVT, InstKT
+
+
+__all__ = ["CalendarStorage", "InstrumentStorage", "FeatureStorage", "CalVT", "InstVT", "InstKT"]

qlib/data/storage/file_storage.py

@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ class FileCalendarStorage(FileStorageMixin, CalendarStorage):
         self.future = future
         self._provider_uri = None if provider_uri is None else C.DataPathManager.format_provider_uri(provider_uri)
         self.enable_read_cache = True  # TODO: make it configurable
+        self.region = C["region"]
 
     @property
     def file_name(self) -> str:
@@ -130,7 +131,9 @@ class FileCalendarStorage(FileStorageMixin, CalendarStorage):
         else:
             _calendar = self._read_calendar()
         if Freq(self._freq_file) != Freq(self.freq):
-            _calendar = resam_calendar(np.array(list(map(pd.Timestamp, _calendar))), self._freq_file, self.freq)
+            _calendar = resam_calendar(
+                np.array(list(map(pd.Timestamp, _calendar))), self._freq_file, self.freq, self.region
+            )
         return _calendar
 
     def _get_storage_freq(self) -> List[str]:

qlib/data/storage/storage.py

@@ -126,12 +126,10 @@ class CalendarStorage(BaseStorage):
     @overload
     def __setitem__(self, i: int, value: CalVT) -> None:
         """x.__setitem__(i, o) <==> (x[i] = o)"""
-        ...
 
     @overload
     def __setitem__(self, s: slice, value: Iterable[CalVT]) -> None:
         """x.__setitem__(s, o) <==> (x[s] = o)"""
-        ...
 
     def __setitem__(self, i, value) -> None:
         raise NotImplementedError(
@@ -141,12 +139,10 @@ class CalendarStorage(BaseStorage):
     @overload
     def __delitem__(self, i: int) -> None:
         """x.__delitem__(i) <==> del x[i]"""
-        ...
 
     @overload
     def __delitem__(self, i: slice) -> None:
         """x.__delitem__(slice(start: int, stop: int, step: int)) <==> del x[start:stop:step]"""
-        ...
 
     def __delitem__(self, i) -> None:
         """
@@ -162,12 +158,10 @@ class CalendarStorage(BaseStorage):
     @overload
     def __getitem__(self, s: slice) -> Iterable[CalVT]:
         """x.__getitem__(slice(start: int, stop: int, step: int)) <==> x[start:stop:step]"""
-        ...
 
     @overload
     def __getitem__(self, i: int) -> CalVT:
         """x.__getitem__(i) <==> x[i]"""
-        ...
 
     def __getitem__(self, i) -> CalVT:
         """
@@ -467,12 +461,10 @@ class FeatureStorage(BaseStorage):
         -------
             pd.Series(values, index=pd.RangeIndex(start, len(values))
         """
-        ...
 
     @overload
     def __getitem__(self, i: int) -> Tuple[int, float]:
         """x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]"""
-        ...
 
     def __getitem__(self, i) -> Union[Tuple[int, float], pd.Series]:
         """x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]

qlib/model/__init__.py

@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@
 import warnings
 
 from .base import Model
+
+
+__all__ = ["Model", "warnings"]

qlib/model/meta/__init__.py

@@ -3,3 +3,6 @@
 
 from .task import MetaTask
 from .dataset import MetaTaskDataset
+
+
+__all__ = ["MetaTask", "MetaTaskDataset"]

qlib/model/riskmodel/__init__.py

@@ -5,3 +5,11 @@ from .base import RiskModel
 from .poet import POETCovEstimator
 from .shrink import ShrinkCovEstimator
 from .structured import StructuredCovEstimator
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "RiskModel",
+    "POETCovEstimator",
+    "ShrinkCovEstimator",
+    "StructuredCovEstimator",
+]

qlib/model/riskmodel/structured.py

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 from typing import Union
 from sklearn.decomposition import PCA, FactorAnalysis
 

qlib/utils/__init__.py

@@ -14,28 +14,29 @@ import json
 import yaml
 import redis
 import bisect
-import shutil
+import struct
 import difflib
 import inspect
 import hashlib
-import warnings
 import datetime
 import requests
-import tempfile
 import importlib
 import contextlib
 import collections
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Dict, Union, Tuple, Any, Text, Optional, Callable
+from typing import List, Dict, Union, Tuple, Any, Optional, Callable
 from types import ModuleType
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from packaging import version
 from .file import get_or_create_path, save_multiple_parts_file, unpack_archive_with_buffer, get_tmp_file_with_buffer
 from ..config import C
 from ..log import get_module_logger, set_log_with_config
 
 log = get_module_logger("utils")
+# MultiIndex.is_lexsorted() is a deprecated method in Pandas 1.3.0.
+is_deprecated_lexsorted_pandas = version.parse(pd.__version__) > version.parse("1.3.0")
 
 
 #################### Server ####################
@@ -62,6 +63,104 @@ def read_bin(file_path: Union[str, Path], start_index, end_index):
     return series
 
 
+def get_period_list(first: int, last: int, quarterly: bool) -> List[int]:
+    """
+    This method will be used in PIT database.
+    It return all the possible values between `first` and `end`  (first and end is included)
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    quarterly : bool
+        will it return quarterly index or yearly index.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    List[int]
+        the possible index between [first, last]
+    """
+
+    if not quarterly:
+        assert all(1900 <= x <= 2099 for x in (first, last)), "invalid arguments"
+        return list(range(first, last + 1))
+    else:
+        assert all(190000 <= x <= 209904 for x in (first, last)), "invalid arguments"
+        res = []
+        for year in range(first // 100, last // 100 + 1):
+            for q in range(1, 5):
+                period = year * 100 + q
+                if first <= period <= last:
+                    res.append(year * 100 + q)
+        return res
+
+
+def get_period_offset(first_year, period, quarterly):
+    if quarterly:
+        offset = (period // 100 - first_year) * 4 + period % 100 - 1
+    else:
+        offset = period - first_year
+    return offset
+
+
+def read_period_data(index_path, data_path, period, cur_date_int: int, quarterly, last_period_index: int = None):
+    """
+    At `cur_date`(e.g. 20190102), read the information at `period`(e.g. 201803).
+    Only the updating info before cur_date or at cur_date will be used.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    period: int
+        date period represented by interger, e.g. 201901 corresponds to the first quarter in 2019
+    cur_date_int: int
+        date which represented by interger, e.g. 20190102
+    last_period_index: int
+        it is a optional parameter; it is designed to avoid repeatedly access the .index data of PIT database when
+        sequentially observing the data (Because the latest index of a specific period of data certainly appear in after the one in last observation).
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    the query value and byte index the index value
+    """
+    DATA_DTYPE = "".join(
+        [
+            C.pit_record_type["date"],
+            C.pit_record_type["period"],
+            C.pit_record_type["value"],
+            C.pit_record_type["index"],
+        ]
+    )
+
+    PERIOD_DTYPE = C.pit_record_type["period"]
+    INDEX_DTYPE = C.pit_record_type["index"]
+
+    NAN_VALUE = C.pit_record_nan["value"]
+    NAN_INDEX = C.pit_record_nan["index"]
+
+    # find the first index of linked revisions
+    if last_period_index is None:
+        with open(index_path, "rb") as fi:
+            (first_year,) = struct.unpack(PERIOD_DTYPE, fi.read(struct.calcsize(PERIOD_DTYPE)))
+            all_periods = np.fromfile(fi, dtype=INDEX_DTYPE)
+        offset = get_period_offset(first_year, period, quarterly)
+        _next = all_periods[offset]
+    else:
+        _next = last_period_index
+
+    # load data following the `_next` link
+    prev_value = NAN_VALUE
+    prev_next = _next
+
+    with open(data_path, "rb") as fd:
+        while _next != NAN_INDEX:
+            fd.seek(_next)
+            date, period, value, new_next = struct.unpack(DATA_DTYPE, fd.read(struct.calcsize(DATA_DTYPE)))
+            if date > cur_date_int:
+                break
+            prev_next = _next
+            _next = new_next
+            prev_value = value
+    return prev_value, prev_next
+
+
 def np_ffill(arr: np.array):
     """
     forward fill a 1D numpy array
@@ -172,7 +271,17 @@ def parse_field(field):
 
     if not isinstance(field, str):
         field = str(field)
-    for pattern, new in [(r"\$(\w+)", rf'Feature("\1")'), (r"(\w+\s*)\(", r"Operators.\1(")]:  # Features  # Operators
+    # Chinese punctuation regex:
+    # \u3001 -> 、
+    # \uff1a -> ：
+    # \uff08 -> (
+    # \uff09 -> )
+    chinese_punctuation_regex = r"\u3001\uff1a\uff08\uff09"
+    for pattern, new in [
+        (rf"\$\$([\w{chinese_punctuation_regex}]+)", r'PFeature("\1")'),  # $$ must be before $
+        (rf"\$([\w{chinese_punctuation_regex}]+)", r'Feature("\1")'),
+        (r"(\w+\s*)\(", r"Operators.\1("),
+    ]:  # Features  # Operators
         field = re.sub(pattern, new, field)
     return field
 
@@ -685,11 +794,15 @@ def lazy_sort_index(df: pd.DataFrame, axis=0) -> pd.DataFrame:
         sorted dataframe
     """
     idx = df.index if axis == 0 else df.columns
-    # NOTE: MultiIndex.is_lexsorted() is a deprecated method in Pandas 1.3.0 and is suggested to be replaced by MultiIndex.is_monotonic_increasing (see discussion here: https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/32259). However, in case older versions of Pandas is implemented, MultiIndex.is_lexsorted() is necessary to prevent certain fatal errors.
+    if (
-    if idx.is_monotonic_increasing and not (isinstance(idx, pd.MultiIndex) and not idx.is_lexsorted()):
+        not idx.is_monotonic_increasing
-        return df
+        or not is_deprecated_lexsorted_pandas
-    else:
+        and isinstance(idx, pd.MultiIndex)
+        and not idx.is_lexsorted()
+    ):  # this case is for the old version
         return df.sort_index(axis=axis)
+    else:
+        return df
 
 
 FLATTEN_TUPLE = "_FLATTEN_TUPLE"
@@ -935,3 +1048,12 @@ def fname_to_code(fname: str):
     if fname.startswith(prefix):
         fname = fname.lstrip(prefix)
     return fname
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "get_or_create_path",
+    "save_multiple_parts_file",
+    "unpack_archive_with_buffer",
+    "get_tmp_file_with_buffer",
+    "set_log_with_config",
+]

qlib/utils/index_data.py

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def sum_by_index(data_list: Union["SingleData"], new_index: list, fill_value=0)
     new_index : list
         the new_index of new SingleData.
     fill_value : float
-        fill the missing values ​​or replace np.NaN.
+        fill the missing values or replace np.NaN.
 
     Returns
     -------

qlib/utils/resam.py

@@ -6,9 +6,12 @@ from typing import Union, Callable
 
 from . import lazy_sort_index
 from .time import Freq, cal_sam_minute
+from ..config import C
 
 
-def resam_calendar(calendar_raw: np.ndarray, freq_raw: Union[str, Freq], freq_sam: Union[str, Freq]) -> np.ndarray:
+def resam_calendar(
+    calendar_raw: np.ndarray, freq_raw: Union[str, Freq], freq_sam: Union[str, Freq], region: str = None
+) -> np.ndarray:
     """
     Resample the calendar with frequency freq_raw into the calendar with frequency freq_sam
     Assumption:
@@ -22,12 +25,16 @@ def resam_calendar(calendar_raw: np.ndarray, freq_raw: Union[str, Freq], freq_sa
         Frequency of the raw calendar
     freq_sam : str
         Sample frequency
-
+    region: str
+        Region, for example, "cn", "us"
     Returns
     -------
     np.ndarray
         The calendar with frequency freq_sam
     """
+    if region is None:
+        region = C["region"]
+
     freq_raw = Freq(freq_raw)
     freq_sam = Freq(freq_sam)
     if not len(calendar_raw):
@@ -40,7 +47,7 @@ def resam_calendar(calendar_raw: np.ndarray, freq_raw: Union[str, Freq], freq_sa
         else:
             if freq_raw.count > freq_sam.count:
                 raise ValueError("raw freq must be higher than sampling freq")
-        _calendar_minute = np.unique(list(map(lambda x: cal_sam_minute(x, freq_sam.count), calendar_raw)))
+        _calendar_minute = np.unique(list(map(lambda x: cal_sam_minute(x, freq_sam.count, region), calendar_raw)))
         return _calendar_minute
 
     # else, convert the raw calendar into day calendar, and divide the whole calendar into several bars evenly

qlib/utils/time.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Time related utils are compiled in this script
 """
 import bisect
-from datetime import datetime, time, date
+from datetime import datetime, time, date, timedelta
 from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union
 import functools
 import re
@@ -12,10 +12,24 @@ import re
 import pandas as pd
 
 from qlib.config import C
+from qlib.constant import REG_CN, REG_TW, REG_US
+
+
+CN_TIME = [
+    datetime.strptime("9:30", "%H:%M"),
+    datetime.strptime("11:30", "%H:%M"),
+    datetime.strptime("13:00", "%H:%M"),
+    datetime.strptime("15:00", "%H:%M"),
+]
+US_TIME = [datetime.strptime("9:30", "%H:%M"), datetime.strptime("16:00", "%H:%M")]
+TW_TIME = [
+    datetime.strptime("9:00", "%H:%M"),
+    datetime.strptime("13:30", "%H:%M"),
+]
 
 
 @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=240)
-def get_min_cal(shift: int = 0) -> List[time]:
+def get_min_cal(shift: int = 0, region: str = REG_CN) -> List[time]:
     """
     get the minute level calendar in day period
 
@@ -24,6 +38,8 @@ def get_min_cal(shift: int = 0) -> List[time]:
     shift : int
         the shift direction would be like pandas shift.
         series.shift(1) will replace the value at `i`-th with the one at `i-1`-th
+    region: str
+        Region, for example, "cn", "us"
 
     Returns
     -------
@@ -31,14 +47,30 @@ def get_min_cal(shift: int = 0) -> List[time]:
 
     """
     cal = []
-    for ts in list(pd.date_range("9:30", "11:29", freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)) + list(
+
-        pd.date_range("13:00", "14:59", freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)
+    if region == REG_CN:
-    ):
+        for ts in list(
-        cal.append(ts.time())
+            pd.date_range(CN_TIME[0], CN_TIME[1] - timedelta(minutes=1), freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)
+        ) + list(
+            pd.date_range(CN_TIME[2], CN_TIME[3] - timedelta(minutes=1), freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)
+        ):
+            cal.append(ts.time())
+    elif region == REG_TW:
+        for ts in list(
+            pd.date_range(TW_TIME[0], TW_TIME[1] - timedelta(minutes=1), freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)
+        ):
+            cal.append(ts.time())
+    elif region == REG_US:
+        for ts in list(
+            pd.date_range(US_TIME[0], US_TIME[1] - timedelta(minutes=1), freq="1min") - pd.Timedelta(minutes=shift)
+        ):
+            cal.append(ts.time())
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"{region} is not supported")
     return cal
 
 
-def is_single_value(start_time, end_time, freq, region="cn"):
+def is_single_value(start_time, end_time, freq, region: str = REG_CN):
     """Is there only one piece of data for stock market.
 
     Parameters
@@ -48,12 +80,14 @@ def is_single_value(start_time, end_time, freq, region="cn"):
     end_time : Union[pd.Timestamp, str]
         closed end time for data.
     freq :
+    region: str
+        Region, for example, "cn", "us"
     Returns
     -------
     bool
         True means one piece of data to obtain.
     """
-    if region == "cn":
+    if region == REG_CN:
         if end_time - start_time < freq:
             return True
         if start_time.hour == 11 and start_time.minute == 29 and start_time.second == 0:
@@ -61,6 +95,18 @@ def is_single_value(start_time, end_time, freq, region="cn"):
         if start_time.hour == 14 and start_time.minute == 59 and start_time.second == 0:
             return True
         return False
+    elif region == REG_TW:
+        if end_time - start_time < freq:
+            return True
+        if start_time.hour == 13 and start_time.minute >= 25 and start_time.second == 0:
+            return True
+        return False
+    elif region == REG_US:
+        if end_time - start_time < freq:
+            return True
+        if start_time.hour == 15 and start_time.minute == 59 and start_time.second == 0:
+            return True
+        return False
     else:
         raise NotImplementedError(f"please implement the is_single_value func for {region}")
 
@@ -72,8 +118,6 @@ class Freq:
     NORM_FREQ_MINUTE = "min"  # using min instead of minute for align with Qlib's data filename
     SUPPORT_CAL_LIST = [NORM_FREQ_MINUTE, NORM_FREQ_DAY]  # FIXME: this list should from data
 
-    MIN_CAL = get_min_cal()
-
     def __init__(self, freq: Union[str, "Freq"]) -> None:
         if isinstance(freq, str):
             self.count, self.base = self.parse(freq)
@@ -199,10 +243,8 @@ class Freq:
         """
         base_freq = Freq(base_freq)
         # use the nearest freq greater than 0
-        _freq_minutes = []
         min_freq = None
         for _freq in freq_list:
-            freq = Freq(_freq)
             _min_delta = Freq.get_min_delta(base_freq, _freq)
             if _min_delta < 0:
                 continue
@@ -213,36 +255,32 @@ class Freq:
         return min_freq[1] if min_freq else None
 
 
-CN_TIME = [
+def time_to_day_index(time_obj: Union[str, datetime], region: str = REG_CN):
-    datetime.strptime("9:30", "%H:%M"),
-    datetime.strptime("11:30", "%H:%M"),
-    datetime.strptime("13:00", "%H:%M"),
-    datetime.strptime("15:00", "%H:%M"),
-]
-US_TIME = [datetime.strptime("9:30", "%H:%M"), datetime.strptime("16:00", "%H:%M")]
-
-
-def time_to_day_index(time_obj: Union[str, datetime], region: str = "cn"):
     if isinstance(time_obj, str):
         time_obj = datetime.strptime(time_obj, "%H:%M")
 
-    if region == "cn":
+    if region == REG_CN:
         if CN_TIME[0] <= time_obj < CN_TIME[1]:
             return int((time_obj - CN_TIME[0]).total_seconds() / 60)
         elif CN_TIME[2] <= time_obj < CN_TIME[3]:
             return int((time_obj - CN_TIME[2]).total_seconds() / 60) + 120
         else:
             raise ValueError(f"{time_obj} is not the opening time of the {region} stock market")
-    elif region == "us":
+    elif region == REG_US:
         if US_TIME[0] <= time_obj < US_TIME[1]:
             return int((time_obj - US_TIME[0]).total_seconds() / 60)
         else:
             raise ValueError(f"{time_obj} is not the opening time of the {region} stock market")
+    elif region == REG_TW:
+        if TW_TIME[0] <= time_obj < TW_TIME[1]:
+            return int((time_obj - TW_TIME[0]).total_seconds() / 60)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"{time_obj} is not the opening time of the {region} stock market")
     else:
         raise ValueError(f"{region} is not supported")
 
 
-def get_day_min_idx_range(start: str, end: str, freq: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+def get_day_min_idx_range(start: str, end: str, freq: str, region: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
     """
     get the min-bar index in a day for a time range (both left and right is closed) given a fixed frequency
     Parameters
@@ -262,7 +300,7 @@ def get_day_min_idx_range(start: str, end: str, freq: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
     start = pd.Timestamp(start).time()
     end = pd.Timestamp(end).time()
     freq = Freq(freq)
-    in_day_cal = Freq.MIN_CAL[:: freq.count]
+    in_day_cal = get_min_cal(region=region)[:: freq.count]
     left_idx = bisect.bisect_left(in_day_cal, start)
     right_idx = bisect.bisect_right(in_day_cal, end) - 1
     return left_idx, right_idx
@@ -282,7 +320,7 @@ def concat_date_time(date_obj: date, time_obj: time) -> pd.Timestamp:
     )
 
 
-def cal_sam_minute(x: pd.Timestamp, sam_minutes: int) -> pd.Timestamp:
+def cal_sam_minute(x: pd.Timestamp, sam_minutes: int, region: str = REG_CN) -> pd.Timestamp:
     """
     align the minute-level data to a down sampled calendar
 
@@ -294,13 +332,15 @@ def cal_sam_minute(x: pd.Timestamp, sam_minutes: int) -> pd.Timestamp:
         datetime to be aligned
     sam_minutes : int
         align to `sam_minutes` minute-level calendar
+    region: str
+        Region, for example, "cn", "us"
 
     Returns
     -------
     pd.Timestamp:
         the datetime after aligned
     """
-    cal = get_min_cal(C.min_data_shift)[::sam_minutes]
+    cal = get_min_cal(C.min_data_shift, region)[::sam_minutes]
     idx = bisect.bisect_right(cal, x.time()) - 1
     _date, new_time = x.date(), cal[idx]
     return concat_date_time(_date, new_time)
@@ -334,4 +374,4 @@ def epsilon_change(date_time: pd.Timestamp, direction: str = "backward") -> pd.T
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    print(get_day_min_idx_range("8:30", "14:59", "10min"))
+    print(get_day_min_idx_range("8:30", "14:59", "10min", REG_CN))

qlib/workflow/cli.py

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 import qlib
 import fire
-import pandas as pd
 import ruamel.yaml as yaml
 from qlib.config import C
 from qlib.model.trainer import task_train
@@ -44,16 +43,26 @@ def sys_config(config, config_path):
 
 # workflow handler function
 def workflow(config_path, experiment_name="workflow", uri_folder="mlruns"):
+    """
+    This is a Qlib CLI entrance.
+    User can run the whole Quant research workflow defined by a configure file
+    - the code is located here ``qlib/workflow/cli.py`
+    """
     with open(config_path) as fp:
         config = yaml.safe_load(fp)
 
     # config the `sys` section
     sys_config(config, config_path)
 
-    exp_manager = C["exp_manager"]
+    if "exp_manager" in config.get("qlib_init"):
-    exp_manager["kwargs"]["uri"] = "file:" + str(Path(os.getcwd()).resolve() / uri_folder)
+        qlib.init(**config.get("qlib_init"))
-    qlib.init(**config.get("qlib_init"), exp_manager=exp_manager)
+    else:
+        exp_manager = C["exp_manager"]
+        exp_manager["kwargs"]["uri"] = "file:" + str(Path(os.getcwd()).resolve() / uri_folder)
+        qlib.init(**config.get("qlib_init"), exp_manager=exp_manager)
 
+    if "experiment_name" in config:
+        experiment_name = config["experiment_name"]
     recorder = task_train(config.get("task"), experiment_name=experiment_name)
     recorder.save_objects(config=config)
 

qlib/workflow/expm.py

@@ -170,12 +170,9 @@ class ExpManager:
             experiment_name = self._default_exp_name
 
         if create:
-            exp, is_new = self._get_or_create_exp(experiment_id=experiment_id, experiment_name=experiment_name)
+            exp, _ = self._get_or_create_exp(experiment_id=experiment_id, experiment_name=experiment_name)
         else:
-            exp, is_new = (
+            exp = self._get_exp(experiment_id=experiment_id, experiment_name=experiment_name)
-                self._get_exp(experiment_id=experiment_id, experiment_name=experiment_name),
-                False,
-            )
         if self.active_experiment is None and start:
             self.active_experiment = exp
             # start the recorder
@@ -201,7 +198,7 @@ class ExpManager:
             # So we supported it in the interface wrapper
             pr = urlparse(self.uri)
             if pr.scheme == "file":
-                with FileLock(os.path.join(pr.netloc, pr.path, "filelock")) as f:  # pylint: disable=E0110
+                with FileLock(os.path.join(pr.netloc, pr.path, "filelock")):  # pylint: disable=E0110
                     return self.create_exp(experiment_name), True
             # NOTE: for other schemes like http, we double check to avoid create exp conflicts
             try:

qlib/workflow/online/update.py

@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ class RecordUpdater(metaclass=ABCMeta):
         """
         Update info for specific recorder
         """
-        ...
 
 
 class DSBasedUpdater(RecordUpdater, metaclass=ABCMeta):
@@ -248,7 +247,6 @@ class DSBasedUpdater(RecordUpdater, metaclass=ABCMeta):
         - `update_date` only include some data specific feature
         - `update` include some general routine steps(e.g. prepare dataset, checking)
         """
-        ...
 
 
 def _replace_range(data, new_data):

qlib/workflow/record_temp.py

@@ -96,11 +96,12 @@ class RecordTemp:
         """
         try:
             return self.recorder.load_object(self.get_path(name))
-        except LoadObjectError:
+        except LoadObjectError as e:
             if parents:
                 if self.depend_cls is not None:
                     with class_casting(self, self.depend_cls):
                         return self.load(name, parents=True)
+            raise e
 
     def list(self):
         """
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ class RecordTemp:
 
             for item in self.list():
                 ps = self.get_path(item).split("/")
-                dirn, fn = "/".join(ps[:-1]), ps[-1]
+                dirn = "/".join(ps[:-1])
                 if self.get_path(item) not in _get_arts(dirn):
                     raise FileNotFoundError
         if parents:

qlib/workflow/recorder.py

@@ -347,18 +347,20 @@ class MLflowRecorder(Recorder):
         """
         assert self.uri is not None, "Please start the experiment and recorder first before using recorder directly."
 
+        path = None
         try:
             path = self.client.download_artifacts(self.id, name)
             with Path(path).open("rb") as f:
                 data = unpickler(f).load()
-            ar = self.client._tracking_client._get_artifact_repo(self.id)
-            if isinstance(ar, AzureBlobArtifactRepository):
-                # for saving disk space
-                # For safety, only remove redundant file for specific ArtifactRepository
-                shutil.rmtree(Path(path).absolute().parent)
             return data
         except Exception as e:
             raise LoadObjectError(str(e)) from e
+        finally:
+            ar = self.client._tracking_client._get_artifact_repo(self.id)
+            if isinstance(ar, AzureBlobArtifactRepository) and path is not None:
+                # for saving disk space
+                # For safety, only remove redundant file for specific ArtifactRepository
+                shutil.rmtree(Path(path).absolute().parent)
 
     @AsyncCaller.async_dec(ac_attr="async_log")
     def log_params(self, **kwargs):

qlib/workflow/task/collect.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from qlib.log import TimeInspector
 from typing import Callable, Dict, Iterable, List
 from qlib.log import get_module_logger
 from qlib.utils.serial import Serializable
+from qlib.utils.exceptions import LoadObjectError
 from qlib.workflow import R
 from qlib.workflow.exp import Experiment
 from qlib.workflow.recorder import Recorder
@@ -228,9 +229,10 @@ class RecorderCollector(Collector):
                 else:
                     try:
                         artifact = rec.load_object(self.artifacts_path[key])
-                    except Exception as e:
+                    except LoadObjectError as e:
                         if only_exist:
                             # only collect existing artifact
+                            logger.warning(f"Fail to load {self.artifacts_path[key]} and it is ignored.")
                             continue
                         raise e
                 # give user some warning if the values are overridden

scripts/data_collector/base.py

@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ class BaseCollector(abc.ABC):
         df["symbol"] = symbol
         if instrument_path.exists():
             _old_df = pd.read_csv(instrument_path)
-            df = _old_df.append(df, sort=False)
+            df = pd.concat([_old_df, df], sort=False)
         df.to_csv(instrument_path, index=False)
 
     def cache_small_data(self, symbol, df):
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ class BaseRun(abc.ABC):
             freq, value from [1min, 1d], default 1d
         """
         if source_dir is None:
-            source_dir = Path(self.default_base_dir).joinpath("_source")
+            source_dir = Path(self.default_base_dir).joinpath("source")
         self.source_dir = Path(source_dir).expanduser().resolve()
         self.source_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
 
@@ -359,6 +359,7 @@ class BaseRun(abc.ABC):
         end=None,
         check_data_length: int = None,
         limit_nums=None,
+        **kwargs,
     ):
         """download data from Internet
 
@@ -368,8 +369,6 @@ class BaseRun(abc.ABC):
             default 2
         delay: float
             time.sleep(delay), default 0
-        interval: str
-            freq, value from [1min, 1d], default 1d
         start: str
             start datetime, default "2000-01-01"
         end: str
@@ -398,6 +397,7 @@ class BaseRun(abc.ABC):
             interval=self.interval,
             check_data_length=check_data_length,
             limit_nums=limit_nums,
+            **kwargs,
         ).collector_data()
 
     def normalize_data(self, date_field_name: str = "date", symbol_field_name: str = "symbol", **kwargs):

scripts/data_collector/br_index/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# iBOVESPA History Companies Collection
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Install the libs from the file `requirements.txt`
+
+    ```bash
+    pip install -r requirements.txt
+    ```
+- `requirements.txt` file was generated using python3.8
+
+## For the ibovespa (IBOV) index, we have:
+
+<hr/>
+
+### Method `get_new_companies`
+
+#### <b>Index start date</b>
+
+- The ibovespa index started on 2 January 1968 ([wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_Bovespa)).  In order to use this start date in our `bench_start_date(self)` method, two conditions must be satisfied:
+    1) APIs used to download brazilian stocks (B3) historical prices must keep track of such historic data since 2 January 1968
+
+    2) Some website or API must provide, from that date, the historic index composition. In other words, the companies used to build the index .
+
+    As a consequence, the method `bench_start_date(self)` inside `collector.py` was implemented using `pd.Timestamp("2003-01-03")` due to two reasons
+
+    1) The earliest ibov composition that have been found was from the first quarter of 2003. More informations about such composition can be seen on the sections below.
+
+    2) Yahoo finance, one of the libraries used to download symbols historic prices, keeps track from this date forward.
+
+- Within the `get_new_companies` method, a logic was implemented to get, for each ibovespa component stock, the start date that yahoo finance keeps track of.
+
+#### <b>Code Logic</b>
+
+The code does a web scrapping into the B3's [website](https://sistemaswebb3-listados.b3.com.br/indexPage/day/IBOV?language=pt-br), which keeps track of the ibovespa stocks composition on the current day. 
+
+Other approaches, such as `request` and `Beautiful Soup` could have been used. However, the website shows the table with the stocks with some delay, since it uses a script inside of it to obtain such compositions.
+Alternatively, `selenium` was used to download this stocks' composition in order to overcome this problem.
+
+Futhermore, the data downloaded from the selenium script  was preprocessed so it could be saved into the `csv` format stablished by `scripts/data_collector/index.py`.
+
+<hr/>
+
+### Method `get_changes` 
+
+No suitable data source that keeps track of ibovespa's history stocks composition has been found. Except from this [repository](https://github.com/igor17400/IBOV-HCI) which provide such information have been used, however it only provides the data from the 1st quarter of 2003 to 3rd quarter of 2021.
+
+With that reference, the index's composition can be compared quarter by quarter and year by year and then generate a file that keeps track of which stocks have been removed and which have been added each quarter and year.
+
+<hr/>
+
+### Collector Data
+
+```bash
+# parse instruments, using in qlib/instruments.
+python collector.py --index_name IBOV --qlib_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/br_data --method parse_instruments
+
+# parse new companies
+python collector.py --index_name IBOV --qlib_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/br_data --method save_new_companies
+```
+

scripts/data_collector/br_index/collector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+from functools import partial
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+import importlib
+import datetime
+
+import fire
+import pandas as pd
+from tqdm import tqdm
+from loguru import logger
+
+CUR_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
+sys.path.append(str(CUR_DIR.parent.parent))
+
+from data_collector.index import IndexBase
+from data_collector.utils import get_instruments
+
+quarter_dict = {"1Q": "01-03", "2Q": "05-01", "3Q": "09-01"}
+
+
+class IBOVIndex(IndexBase):
+
+    ibov_index_composition = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/igor17400/IBOV-HCI/main/historic_composition/{}.csv"
+    years_4_month_periods = []
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        index_name: str,
+        qlib_dir: [str, Path] = None,
+        freq: str = "day",
+        request_retry: int = 5,
+        retry_sleep: int = 3,
+    ):
+        super(IBOVIndex, self).__init__(
+            index_name=index_name, qlib_dir=qlib_dir, freq=freq, request_retry=request_retry, retry_sleep=retry_sleep
+        )
+
+        self.today: datetime = datetime.date.today()
+        self.current_4_month_period = self.get_current_4_month_period(self.today.month)
+        self.year = str(self.today.year)
+        self.years_4_month_periods = self.get_four_month_period()
+
+    @property
+    def bench_start_date(self) -> pd.Timestamp:
+        """
+        The ibovespa index started on 2 January 1968 (wiki), however,
+        no suitable data source that keeps track of ibovespa's history
+        stocks composition has been found. Except from the repo indicated
+        in README. Which keeps track of such information starting from
+        the first quarter of 2003
+        """
+        return pd.Timestamp("2003-01-03")
+
+    def get_current_4_month_period(self, current_month: int):
+        """
+        This function is used to calculated what is the current 
+        four month period for the current month. For example, 
+        If the current month is August 8, its four month period
+        is 2Q.
+
+        OBS: In english Q is used to represent *quarter*
+        which means a three month period. However, in 
+        portuguese we use Q to represent a four month period.
+        In other words,
+
+        Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr: 1Q
+        May, Jun, Jul, Aug: 2Q
+        Sep, Oct, Nov, Dez: 3Q
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        month : int
+            Current month (1 <= month <= 12)
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        current_4m_period:str
+            Current Four Month Period (1Q or 2Q or 3Q)
+        """
+        if current_month < 5:
+            return "1Q"
+        if current_month < 9:
+            return "2Q"
+        if current_month <= 12:
+            return "3Q"
+        else:
+            return -1
+
+    def get_four_month_period(self):
+        """
+        The ibovespa index is updated every four months. 
+        Therefore, we will represent each time period as 2003_1Q 
+        which means 2003 first four mount period (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr)
+        """
+        four_months_period = ["1Q", "2Q", "3Q"]
+        init_year = 2003
+        now = datetime.datetime.now()
+        current_year = now.year
+        current_month = now.month
+        for year in [item for item in range(init_year, current_year)]:
+            for el in four_months_period:
+                self.years_4_month_periods.append(str(year)+"_"+el)
+        # For current year the logic must be a little different
+        current_4_month_period = self.get_current_4_month_period(current_month)
+        for i in range(int(current_4_month_period[0])):
+            self.years_4_month_periods.append(str(current_year) + "_" + str(i+1) + "Q")
+        return self.years_4_month_periods
+
+
+    def format_datetime(self, inst_df: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        """formatting the datetime in an instrument
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        inst_df: pd.DataFrame
+            inst_df.columns = [self.SYMBOL_FIELD_NAME, self.START_DATE_FIELD, self.END_DATE_FIELD]
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        inst_df: pd.DataFrame
+
+        """
+        logger.info("Formatting Datetime")
+        if self.freq != "day":
+            inst_df[self.END_DATE_FIELD] = inst_df[self.END_DATE_FIELD].apply(
+                lambda x: (pd.Timestamp(x) + pd.Timedelta(hours=23, minutes=59)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+            )
+        else:
+            inst_df[self.START_DATE_FIELD] = inst_df[self.START_DATE_FIELD].apply(
+                lambda x: (pd.Timestamp(x)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
+            )
+
+            inst_df[self.END_DATE_FIELD] = inst_df[self.END_DATE_FIELD].apply(
+                lambda x: (pd.Timestamp(x)).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
+            )
+        return inst_df
+
+    def format_quarter(self, cell: str):
+        """
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        cell: str
+            It must be on the format 2003_1Q --> years_4_month_periods
+
+        Returns
+        ----------
+        date: str
+            Returns date in format 2003-03-01
+        """
+        cell_split = cell.split("_")
+        return cell_split[0] + "-" + quarter_dict[cell_split[1]]
+
+    def get_changes(self):
+        """
+        Access the index historic composition and compare it quarter
+        by quarter and year by year in order to generate a file that
+        keeps track of which stocks have been removed and which have
+        been added.
+
+        The Dataframe used as reference will provided the index
+        composition for each year an quarter:
+        pd.DataFrame:
+            symbol
+            SH600000
+            SH600001
+            .
+            .
+            .
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        self: is used to represent the instance of the class.
+
+        Returns
+        ----------
+        pd.DataFrame:
+            symbol      date        type
+            SH600000  2019-11-11    add
+            SH600001  2020-11-10    remove
+            dtypes:
+                symbol: str
+                date: pd.Timestamp
+                type: str, value from ["add", "remove"]
+        """
+        logger.info("Getting companies changes in {} index ...".format(self.index_name))
+
+        try:
+            df_changes_list = []
+            for i in tqdm(range(len(self.years_4_month_periods) - 1)):
+                df = pd.read_csv(self.ibov_index_composition.format(self.years_4_month_periods[i]), on_bad_lines="skip")["symbol"]
+                df_ = pd.read_csv(self.ibov_index_composition.format(self.years_4_month_periods[i + 1]), on_bad_lines="skip")["symbol"]
+
+                ## Remove Dataframe
+                remove_date = self.years_4_month_periods[i].split("_")[0] + "-" + quarter_dict[self.years_4_month_periods[i].split("_")[1]]
+                list_remove = list(df[~df.isin(df_)])
+                df_removed = pd.DataFrame(
+                    {
+                        "date": len(list_remove) * [remove_date],
+                        "type": len(list_remove) * ["remove"],
+                        "symbol": list_remove,
+                    }
+                )
+
+                ## Add Dataframe
+                add_date = self.years_4_month_periods[i + 1].split("_")[0] + "-" + quarter_dict[self.years_4_month_periods[i + 1].split("_")[1]]
+                list_add = list(df_[~df_.isin(df)])
+                df_added = pd.DataFrame(
+                    {"date": len(list_add) * [add_date], "type": len(list_add) * ["add"], "symbol": list_add}
+                )
+
+                df_changes_list.append(pd.concat([df_added, df_removed], sort=False))
+                df = pd.concat(df_changes_list).reset_index(drop=True)
+                df["symbol"] = df["symbol"].astype(str) + ".SA"
+
+            return df
+
+        except Exception as E:
+            logger.error("An error occured while downloading 2008 index composition - {}".format(E))
+
+    def get_new_companies(self):
+        """
+        Get latest index composition.
+        The repo indicated on README has implemented a script
+        to get the latest index composition from B3 website using
+        selenium. Therefore, this method will download the file
+        containing such composition
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        self: is used to represent the instance of the class.
+
+        Returns
+        ----------
+        pd.DataFrame:
+            symbol      start_date  end_date
+            RRRP3	    2020-11-13	2022-03-02
+            ALPA4	    2008-01-02	2022-03-02
+            dtypes:
+                symbol: str
+                start_date: pd.Timestamp
+                end_date: pd.Timestamp
+        """
+        logger.info("Getting new companies in {} index ...".format(self.index_name))
+
+        try:
+            ## Get index composition
+
+            df_index = pd.read_csv(
+                self.ibov_index_composition.format(self.year + "_" + self.current_4_month_period), on_bad_lines="skip"
+            )
+            df_date_first_added = pd.read_csv(
+                self.ibov_index_composition.format("date_first_added_" + self.year + "_" + self.current_4_month_period),
+                on_bad_lines="skip",
+            )
+            df = df_index.merge(df_date_first_added, on="symbol")[["symbol", "Date First Added"]]
+            df[self.START_DATE_FIELD] = df["Date First Added"].map(self.format_quarter)
+
+            # end_date will be our current quarter + 1, since the IBOV index updates itself every quarter
+            df[self.END_DATE_FIELD] = self.year + "-" + quarter_dict[self.current_4_month_period]
+            df = df[["symbol", self.START_DATE_FIELD, self.END_DATE_FIELD]]
+            df["symbol"] = df["symbol"].astype(str) + ".SA"
+
+            return df
+
+        except Exception as E:
+            logger.error("An error occured while getting new companies - {}".format(E))
+
+    def filter_df(self, df: pd.DataFrame) -> pd.DataFrame:
+        if "Código" in df.columns:
+            return df.loc[:, ["Código"]].copy()
+
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    fire.Fire(partial(get_instruments, market_index="br_index" ))

scripts/data_collector/br_index/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+async-generator==1.10
+attrs==21.4.0
+certifi==2021.10.8
+cffi==1.15.0
+charset-normalizer==2.0.12
+cryptography==36.0.1
+fire==0.4.0
+h11==0.13.0
+idna==3.3
+loguru==0.6.0
+lxml==4.8.0
+multitasking==0.0.10
+numpy==1.22.2
+outcome==1.1.0
+pandas==1.4.1
+pycoingecko==2.2.0
+pycparser==2.21
+pyOpenSSL==22.0.0
+PySocks==1.7.1
+python-dateutil==2.8.2
+pytz==2021.3
+requests==2.27.1
+requests-futures==1.0.0
+six==1.16.0
+sniffio==1.2.0
+sortedcontainers==2.4.0
+termcolor==1.1.0
+tqdm==4.63.0
+trio==0.20.0
+trio-websocket==0.9.2
+urllib3==1.26.8
+wget==3.2
+wsproto==1.1.0
+yahooquery==2.2.15