diff --git a/qlib/backtest/__init__.py b/qlib/backtest/__init__.py
index ab3d29408..1fe68788a 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/__init__.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/__init__.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from .account import Account
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from ..strategy.base import BaseStrategy
+from .position import Position
 from .exchange import Exchange
 from .executor import BaseExecutor
 from .backtest import backtest_loop
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ def get_exchange(
 
 
 def create_account_instance(
-    start_time, end_time, benchmark: str, account: float, pos_type: str = "Position"
+    start_time, end_time, benchmark: str, account: Union[float, int, Position], pos_type: str = "Position"
 ) -> Account:
     """
     # TODO: is very strange pass benchmark_config in the account(maybe for report)
@@ -109,13 +110,23 @@ def create_account_instance(
         end time of the benchmark
     benchmark : str
         the benchmark for reporting
-    account : Union[float, str]
+    account : Union[float, int, Position]
         information for describing how to creating the account
-        For `float`
-            Using Account with a normal position
-        For `str`:
-            Using account with a specific Position
+        For `float` or `int`:
+            Using Account with only initial cash
+        For `Position`:
+            Using Account with a Position
     """
+    if isinstance(account, (int, float)):
+        pos_kwargs = {"init_cash": account}
+    elif isinstance(account, Position):
+        pos_kwargs = {
+            "init_cash": account.position["cash"],
+            "position_dict": account.position,
+        }
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("account must be in (int, float, Position)")
+
     kwargs = {
         "init_cash": account,
         "benchmark_config": {
@@ -125,6 +136,7 @@ def create_account_instance(
         },
         "pos_type": pos_type,
     }
+    kwargs.update(pos_kwargs)
     return Account(**kwargs)
 
 
@@ -134,7 +146,7 @@ def get_strategy_executor(
     strategy: BaseStrategy,
     executor: BaseExecutor,
     benchmark: str = "SH000300",
-    account: Union[float, str] = 1e9,
+    account: Union[float, int, Position] = 1e9,
     exchange_kwargs: dict = {},
     pos_type: str = "Position",
 ):
@@ -172,7 +184,41 @@ def backtest(
     exchange_kwargs={},
     pos_type: str = "Position",
 ):
+    """initialize the strategy and executor, then backtest funciton for the interaction of the outermost strategy and executor in the nested decision execution
 
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    start_time : pd.Timestamp|str
+        closed start time for backtest
+        **NOTE**: This will be applied to the outmost executor's calendar.
+    end_time : pd.Timestamp|str
+        closed end time for backtest
+        **NOTE**: This will be applied to the outmost executor's calendar.
+        E.g. Executor[day](Executor[1min]),   setting `end_time == 20XX0301` will include all the minutes on 20XX0301
+    strategy : Union[str, dict, BaseStrategy]
+        for initializing outermost portfolio strategy. Please refer to the docs of init_instance_by_config for more information.
+    executor : Union[str, dict, BaseExecutor]
+        for initializing the outermost executor.
+    benchmark: str
+        the benchmark for reporting.
+    account : Union[float, int, Position]
+        information for describing how to creating the account
+        For `float` or `int`:
+            Using Account with only initial cash
+        For `Position`:
+            Using Account with a Position
+    exchange_kwargs : dict
+        the kwargs for initializing Exchange
+    pos_type : str
+        the type of Position.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    report_dict: Report
+        it records the trading report information
+    indicator_dict: Indicator
+        it computes the trading indicator
+    """
     trade_strategy, trade_executor = get_strategy_executor(
         start_time,
         end_time,
@@ -198,7 +244,15 @@ def collect_data(
     exchange_kwargs={},
     pos_type: str = "Position",
 ):
+    """initialize the strategy and executor, then collect the trade decision data for rl training
 
+    please refer to the docs of the backtest for the explanation of the parameters
+    
+    Yields
+    -------
+    object
+        trade decision
+    """
     trade_strategy, trade_executor = get_strategy_executor(
         start_time,
         end_time,
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/account.py b/qlib/backtest/account.py
index 3ef1cdd03..806f88a96 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/account.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/account.py
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ class Account:
     def __init__(
         self,
         init_cash: float = 1e9,
+        position_dict: dict = {},
         freq: str = "day",
         benchmark_config: dict = {},
         pos_type: str = "Position",
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ class Account:
     ):
         self._pos_type = pos_type
         self._port_metr_enabled = port_metr_enabled
-        self.init_vars(init_cash, freq, benchmark_config)
+        self.init_vars(init_cash, position_dict, freq, benchmark_config)
 
     def is_port_metr_enabled(self):
         """
@@ -82,14 +83,17 @@ class Account:
         """
         return self._port_metr_enabled and not self.current.skip_update()
 
-    def init_vars(self, init_cash, freq: str, benchmark_config: dict):
+    def init_vars(self, init_cash, position_dict, freq: str, benchmark_config: dict):
 
         # init cash
         self.init_cash = init_cash
         self.current: BasePosition = init_instance_by_config(
             {
                 "class": self._pos_type,
-                "kwargs": {"cash": init_cash},
+                "kwargs": {
+                    "cash": init_cash,
+                    "position_dict": position_dict,
+                },
                 "module_path": "qlib.backtest.position",
             }
         )
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/backtest.py b/qlib/backtest/backtest.py
index 89b8c7830..5c9948b1b 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/backtest.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/backtest.py
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ def backtest_loop(start_time, end_time, trade_strategy: BaseStrategy, trade_exec
     -------
     report: Report
         it records the trading report information
+    indicator: Indicator
+        it computes the trading indicator
     """
     return_value = {}
     for _decision in collect_data_loop(start_time, end_time, trade_strategy, trade_executor, return_value):
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/executor.py b/qlib/backtest/executor.py
index 45c9082ed..009e3300f 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/executor.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/executor.py
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ class BaseExecutor:
         execute_result : List[object]
             the executed result for trade decision.
             ** NOTE!!!! **:
-            1) This is necessary,  The return value of geenrator will be used in NestedExecutor
+            1) This is necessary,  The return value of generator will be used in NestedExecutor
             2) Please note the executed results are not merged.
 
         Yields
@@ -368,11 +368,17 @@ class NestedExecutor(BaseExecutor):
                 break
 
             sub_cal: TradeCalendarManager = self.inner_executor.trade_calendar
+
+            # NOTE: make sure get_start_end_idx is after `self._update_trade_decision`
             start_idx, end_idx = get_start_end_idx(sub_cal, trade_decision)
             if not self._align_range_limit or start_idx <= sub_cal.get_trade_step() <= end_idx:
                 # if force align the range limit, skip the steps outside the decision range limit
 
-                _inner_trade_decision = self.inner_strategy.generate_trade_decision(_inner_execute_result)
+                _inner_trade_decision: BaseTradeDecision = self.inner_strategy.generate_trade_decision(
+                    _inner_execute_result
+                )
+                trade_decision.mod_inner_decision(_inner_trade_decision)  # propagate part of decision information
+
                 # NOTE sub_cal.get_cur_step_time() must be called before collect_data in case of step shifting
                 decision_list.append((_inner_trade_decision, *sub_cal.get_cur_step_time()))
 
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/order.py b/qlib/backtest/order.py
index 5e5e254e6..46ca223bb 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/order.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/order.py
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
 # TODO: rename it with decision.py
 from __future__ import annotations
 from enum import IntEnum
+from qlib.utils.time import concat_date_time
 from qlib.log import get_module_logger
 
 # try to fix circular imports when enabling type hints
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import Callable, TYPE_CHECKING
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from qlib.strategy.base import BaseStrategy
@@ -165,6 +166,35 @@ class OrderHelper:
         )
 
 
+class IndexRangeByTime:
+    """This is a helper function for make decisions"""
+
+    def __init__(self, start_time: str, end_time: str):
+        """
+        This is a callable class.
+
+        **NOTE**:
+        - It is designed for minute-bar for intraday trading!!!!!
+        - Both start_time and end_time are **closed** in the range
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        start_time : str
+            e.g. "9:30"
+        end_time : str
+            e.g. "14:30"
+        """
+        self.start_time = pd.Timestamp(start_time).time()
+        self.end_time = pd.Timestamp(end_time).time()
+
+    def __call__(self, trade_calendar: TradeCalendarManager) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+        start = trade_calendar.start_time
+        val_start, val_end = concat_date_time(start.date(), self.start_time), concat_date_time(
+            start.date(), self.end_time
+        )
+        return trade_calendar.get_range_idx(val_start, val_end)
+
+
 class BaseTradeDecision:
     """
     Trade decisions ara made by strategy and executed by exeuter
@@ -181,16 +211,54 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
         2. Same as `case 1.3`
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, strategy: BaseStrategy, idx_range: Tuple[int, int] = None):
+    def __init__(self, strategy: BaseStrategy, idx_range: Union[Tuple[int, int], Callable] = None):
         """
         Parameters
         ----------
         strategy : BaseStrategy
             The strategy who make the decision
+        idx_range: Union[Tuple[int, int], Callable] (optional)
+            The index range for underlying strategy.
+
+            Here are two examples of idx_range for each type
+
+            1) Tuple[int, int]
+            start_index and end_index of the underlying factor(both sides are closed)
+
+
+            2) Callable
+
+            .. code-block:: python
+                def idx_range(time_per_step: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+                    # time_per_step is the strategy's time_per_step (not inner strategy. It's the `self` strategy in
+                    # `self._idx_range` )
+                    # e.g.
+                    # For example, strategy A with 30min each step and strategy B with 1min each step
+                    # strategy A's will use "30min" when calling `idx_range`.
+
         """
         self.strategy = strategy
         self.total_step = None  # upper strategy has no knowledge about the sub executor before `_init_sub_trading`
-        self.idx_range = idx_range
+        self._idx_range = idx_range
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _calc_idx_range(
+        idx_range: Union[Tuple[int, int], Callable], inner_calendar: TradeCalendarManager = None
+    ) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+        """calculate index range for `idx_range` in different cases"""
+        if idx_range is None:
+            # not set, return nothing
+            return None, None
+        elif isinstance(idx_range, tuple):
+            return idx_range
+        elif isinstance(idx_range, Callable):
+            if inner_calendar is None:
+                # time_per_step is a required parameter for `def idx_range`
+                return None, None
+            else:
+                return idx_range(inner_calendar)
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"This type of input is not supported")
 
     def get_decision(self) -> List[object]:
         """
@@ -213,7 +281,7 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
         """
         Be called at the **start** of each step.
 
-        This function is designn for following purpose
+        This function is design for following purpose
         1) Leave a hook for the strategy who make `self` decision to update the decision itself
         2) Update some information from the inner executor calendar
 
@@ -231,12 +299,6 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
         """
         # purpose 1)
         self.total_step = trade_calendar.get_trade_len()
-        if self.idx_range is not None:
-            logger = get_module_logger("decision")
-            start_idx, end_idx = self.idx_range
-            if start_idx < 0 or end_idx >= self.total_step:
-                logger.warning(f"{self.idx_range} go beyound the total_step({self.total_step}), it will be clipped")
-                self.idx_range = max(0, start_idx), min(self.total_step - 1, end_idx)
 
         # purpose 2)
         return self.strategy.update_trade_decision(self, trade_calendar)
@@ -246,9 +308,28 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
         return the expected step range for limiting the decision execution time
         Both left and right are **closed**
 
+        if no available _idx_range, `default_value` will be returned
+
+        It is only used in `NestedExecutor`
+        - The outmost strategy will not follow any range limit (but it may give range_limit)
+        - The inner most strategy's range_limit will be useless due to atomic executors don't have such
+          features.
+
+        **NOTE**:
+        1) This function must be called after `self.update` in following cases(ensured by NestedExecutor):
+        - user relies on the auto-clip feature of `self.update`
+
+        2) This function will be called after _init_sub_trading in NestedExecutor.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
         **kwargs:
-            {"default_value": <default_value>}
-            # using dict is for distinguish no value provided or None provided
+            {
+                "default_value": <default_value>, # using dict is for distinguish no value provided or None provided
+                "inner_calendar": <trade calendar of inner strategy>
+                # because the range limit  will control the step range of inner strategy, inner calendar will be a
+                # important parameter when _idx_range is callable
+            }
 
         Returns
         -------
@@ -259,15 +340,32 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
         NotImplementedError:
             If the following criteria meet
             1) the decision can't provide a unified start and end
-            2) default_value is None
+            2) default_value is not provided
         """
-        if self.idx_range is None:
+
+        # get index
+        _start_idx, _end_idx = self._calc_idx_range(self._idx_range, inner_calendar=kwargs.get("inner_calendar"))
+        if _start_idx is None or _end_idx is None:
+            # handle case without decision
+            # TODO:  time range in the order should be checked.
+
+            # _start_idx and _end_idx should be used instead of _idx_range
+            # because it is possible that no limitation when _idx_range is callable and return None
             if "default_value" in kwargs:
                 return kwargs["default_value"]
             else:
                 # Default to get full index
                 raise NotImplementedError(f"The decision didn't provide an index range")
-        return self.idx_range
+        else:
+            # clip index
+            if getattr(self, "total_step", None) is not None:
+                # if `self.update` is called.
+                # Then the _start_idx, _end_idx should be clipped
+                if _start_idx < 0 or _end_idx >= self.total_step:
+                    logger = get_module_logger("decision")
+                    logger.warning(f"{self._idx_range} go beyoud the total_step({self.total_step}), it will be clipped")
+                    _start_idx, _end_idx = max(0, _start_idx), min(self.total_step - 1, _end_idx)
+        return _start_idx, _end_idx
 
     def empty(self) -> bool:
         for obj in self.get_decision():
@@ -279,6 +377,27 @@ class BaseTradeDecision:
                 return True
         return True
 
+    def mod_inner_decision(self, inner_trade_decision: BaseTradeDecision):
+        """
+
+        This method will be called on the inner_trade_decision after it is generated.
+        `inner_trade_decision` will be changed **inplaced**.
+
+        Motivation of the `mod_inner_decision`
+        - Leave a hook for outer decision to affact the decision generated by the inner strategy
+            - e.g. the outmost strategy generate a time range for trading. But the upper layer can only affact the
+              nearest layer in the original design.  With `mod_inner_decision`, the decision can passed through multiple
+              layers
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        inner_trade_decision : BaseTradeDecision
+        """
+        # base class provide a default behaviour to modify inner_trade_decision
+        # callable _idx_range should be propagated when inner _idx_range is not set
+        if isinstance(self._idx_range, Callable) and inner_trade_decision._idx_range is None:
+            inner_trade_decision._idx_range = self._idx_range
+
 
 class EmptyTradeDecision(BaseTradeDecision):
     def empty(self) -> bool:
@@ -299,7 +418,7 @@ class TradeDecisionWO(BaseTradeDecision):
         return self.order_list
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f"strategy: {self.strategy}; idx_range: {self.idx_range}; order_list[{len(self.order_list)}]"
+        return f"strategy: {self.strategy}; idx_range: {self._idx_range}; order_list[{len(self.order_list)}]"
 
 
 # TODO: the orders below need to be discussed ------------------------------------
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/position.py b/qlib/backtest/position.py
index b1037d460..7c32edc81 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/position.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/position.py
@@ -199,13 +199,13 @@ class Position(BasePosition):
     }
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, cash=0, position_dict={}, now_account_value=0):
+    def __init__(self, cash=0, position_dict={}):
         # NOTE: The position dict must be copied!!!
         # Otherwise the initial value
         self.init_cash = cash
         self.position = position_dict.copy()
         self.position["cash"] = cash
-        self.position["now_account_value"] = now_account_value
+        self.position["now_account_value"] = self.calculate_value()
 
     def _init_stock(self, stock_id, amount, price=None):
         """
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/report.py b/qlib/backtest/report.py
index 8a49af490..cb650beb7 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/report.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/report.py
@@ -371,6 +371,10 @@ class Indicator:
         else:
             raise NotImplementedError(f"This type of input is not supported")
 
+        # if there is no stock data during the time period
+        if price_s is None:
+            return None, None
+
         # NOTE: there are some zeros in the trading price. These cases are known meaningless
         # for aligning the previous logic, remove it.
         # price_s = price_s.mask(np.isclose(price_s, 0))
@@ -443,7 +447,7 @@ class Indicator:
                 bp_new, bv_new = {}, {}
                 for pr, v, (inst, direction) in zip(bp_s.values, bv_s.values, trade_dir.items()):
                     if np.isnan(pr):
-                        bp_new[inst], bv_new[inst] = self._get_base_vol_pri(
+                        bp_tmp, bv_tmp = self._get_base_vol_pri(
                             inst,
                             start,
                             end,
@@ -452,6 +456,8 @@ class Indicator:
                             trade_exchange=trade_exchange,
                             pa_config=pa_config,
                         )
+                        if (bp_tmp is not None) and (bv_tmp is not None):
+                            bp_new[inst], bv_new[inst] = bp_tmp, bv_tmp
                     else:
                         bp_new[inst], bv_new[inst] = pr, v
 
diff --git a/qlib/backtest/utils.py b/qlib/backtest/utils.py
index 7cce7b8d0..60a49b0e2 100644
--- a/qlib/backtest/utils.py
+++ b/qlib/backtest/utils.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
 # Licensed under the MIT License.
 from __future__ import annotations
+import bisect
 from typing import Union, TYPE_CHECKING, Tuple, Union, List, Set
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -118,6 +119,33 @@ class TradeCalendarManager:
         """Get the start_time and end_time for trading"""
         return self.start_time, self.end_time
 
+    # helper functions
+    def get_range_idx(self, start_time: pd.Timestamp, end_time: pd.Timestamp) -> Tuple[int, int]:
+        """
+        get the range index which involve start_time~end_time  (both sides are closed)
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        start_time : pd.Timestamp
+        end_time : pd.Timestamp
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        Tuple[int, int]:
+            the index of the range.  **the left and right are closed**
+        """
+        left, right = (
+            bisect.bisect_right(self._calendar, start_time) - 1,
+            bisect.bisect_right(self._calendar, end_time) - 1,
+        )
+        left -= self.start_index
+        right -= self.start_index
+
+        def clip(idx):
+            return min(max(0, idx), self.trade_len - 1)
+
+        return clip(left), clip(right)
+
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"{self.start_time}[{self.start_index}]~{self.end_time}[{self.end_index}]: [{self.trade_step}/{self.trade_len}]"
 
@@ -201,6 +229,6 @@ def get_start_end_idx(trade_calendar: TradeCalendarManager, outer_trade_decision
         start index and end index
     """
     try:
-        return outer_trade_decision.get_range_limit()
+        return outer_trade_decision.get_range_limit(inner_calendar=trade_calendar)
     except NotImplementedError:
         return 0, trade_calendar.get_trade_len() - 1
diff --git a/qlib/utils/time.py b/qlib/utils/time.py
index bfbdb9f1f..f4913dde4 100644
--- a/qlib/utils/time.py
+++ b/qlib/utils/time.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 Time related utils are compiled in this script
 """
 import bisect
-from datetime import datetime, time
+from datetime import datetime, time, date
 from typing import List, Tuple
 import re
 from numpy import append
@@ -122,6 +122,20 @@ def get_day_min_idx_range(start: str, end: str, freq: str) -> Tuple[int, int]:
     return left_idx, right_idx
 
 
+def concat_date_time(date_obj: date, time_obj: time) -> pd.Timestamp:
+    return pd.Timestamp(
+        datetime(
+            date_obj.year,
+            month=date_obj.month,
+            day=date_obj.day,
+            hour=time_obj.hour,
+            minute=time_obj.minute,
+            second=time_obj.second,
+            microsecond=time_obj.microsecond,
+        )
+    )
+
+
 def cal_sam_minute(x: pd.Timestamp, sam_minutes: int) -> pd.Timestamp:
     """
     align the minute-level data to a down sampled calendar
@@ -143,17 +157,7 @@ def cal_sam_minute(x: pd.Timestamp, sam_minutes: int) -> pd.Timestamp:
     cal = get_min_cal(C.min_data_shift)[::sam_minutes]
     idx = bisect.bisect_right(cal, x.time()) - 1
     date, new_time = x.date(), cal[idx]
-    return pd.Timestamp(
-        datetime(
-            date.year,
-            month=date.month,
-            day=date.day,
-            hour=new_time.hour,
-            minute=new_time.minute,
-            second=new_time.second,
-            microsecond=new_time.microsecond,
-        )
-    )
+    return concat_date_time(date, new_time)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":