diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md index 6753a7d..f27c005 100644 --- a/CHANGELOG.md +++ b/CHANGELOG.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ ## 0.8.0 (unreleased) -- Added support for iterative index scans +- Added support for iterative search - Added casts for arrays to `sparsevec` - Improved cost estimation - Improved performance of HNSW inserts and on-disk index builds diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 4c0663f..db87d74 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -451,31 +451,31 @@ Use [partitioning](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-partitioning.html CREATE TABLE items (embedding vector(3), category_id int) PARTITION BY LIST(category_id); ``` -## Iterative Index Scans +## Iterative Search *Unreleased* With approximate indexes, queries with filtering can return less results (due to post-filtering). -Starting with 0.8.0, you can enable iterative index scans. If too few results from the initial index scan match the filters, the scan will resume until enough results are found (or it reaches `hnsw.max_search_tuples` or `ivfflat.max_probes`). This can significantly improve recall. +Starting with 0.8.0, you can enable iterative search. If too few results from the initial index scan match the filters, the scan will resume until enough results are found (or it reaches `hnsw.max_search_tuples` or `ivfflat.max_probes`). This can significantly improve recall. -There are two modes for iterative scans: strict and relaxed (due to the streaming nature of Postgres executor). +There are two modes for iterative search: strict and relaxed (due to the streaming nature of Postgres executor). Strict ensures results are in the exact order by distance ```sql -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = strict_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = strict_order; ``` Relaxed allows results to be slightly out of order by distance, but provides better recall ```sql -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; # or -SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; ``` -Note: IVFFlat only supports relaxed ordering for iterative scans +Note: IVFFlat only supports relaxed order for iterative search With relaxed ordering, you can use a [materialized CTE](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/queries-with.html#QUERIES-WITH-CTE-MATERIALIZATION) to get strict ordering diff --git a/src/hnsw.c b/src/hnsw.c index 402397c..11bd507 100644 --- a/src/hnsw.c +++ b/src/hnsw.c @@ -18,15 +18,15 @@ #define MarkGUCPrefixReserved(x) EmitWarningsOnPlaceholders(x) #endif -static const struct config_enum_entry hnsw_iterative_scan_options[] = { - {"off", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, false}, - {"relaxed_order", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_RELAXED, false}, - {"strict_order", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_STRICT, false}, +static const struct config_enum_entry hnsw_iterative_search_options[] = { + {"off", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, false}, + {"relaxed_order", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_RELAXED, false}, + {"strict_order", HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_STRICT, false}, {NULL, 0, false} }; int hnsw_ef_search; -int hnsw_iterative_scan; +int hnsw_iterative_search; int hnsw_max_search_tuples; double hnsw_search_mem_multiplier; int hnsw_lock_tranche_id; @@ -79,17 +79,17 @@ HnswInit(void) "Valid range is 1..1000.", &hnsw_ef_search, HNSW_DEFAULT_EF_SEARCH, HNSW_MIN_EF_SEARCH, HNSW_MAX_EF_SEARCH, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); - DefineCustomEnumVariable("hnsw.iterative_scan", "Sets the mode for iterative scans", - NULL, &hnsw_iterative_scan, - HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, hnsw_iterative_scan_options, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); + DefineCustomEnumVariable("hnsw.iterative_search", "Sets the iterative search mode", + NULL, &hnsw_iterative_search, + HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, hnsw_iterative_search_options, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); /* This is approximate and does not apply to the initial scan */ - DefineCustomIntVariable("hnsw.max_search_tuples", "Sets the max number of candidates to visit for iterative scans", + DefineCustomIntVariable("hnsw.max_search_tuples", "Sets the max number of candidates to visit for iterative search", NULL, &hnsw_max_search_tuples, 20000, 1, INT_MAX, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); /* Same range and default as hash_mem_multiplier */ - DefineCustomRealVariable("hnsw.search_mem_multiplier", "Sets the multiple of work_mem to use for iterative scans", + DefineCustomRealVariable("hnsw.search_mem_multiplier", "Sets the multiple of work_mem to use for iterative search", NULL, &hnsw_search_mem_multiplier, 2, 1, 1000, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); diff --git a/src/hnsw.h b/src/hnsw.h index 01d918e..a224a6e 100644 --- a/src/hnsw.h +++ b/src/hnsw.h @@ -109,17 +109,17 @@ /* Variables */ extern int hnsw_ef_search; -extern int hnsw_iterative_scan; +extern int hnsw_iterative_search; extern int hnsw_max_search_tuples; extern double hnsw_search_mem_multiplier; extern int hnsw_lock_tranche_id; -typedef enum HnswIterativeScanMode +typedef enum HnswIterativeSearchMode { - HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, - HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_RELAXED, - HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_STRICT -} HnswIterativeScanMode; + HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, + HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_RELAXED, + HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_STRICT +} HnswIterativeSearchMode; typedef struct HnswElementData HnswElementData; typedef struct HnswNeighborArray HnswNeighborArray; diff --git a/src/hnswscan.c b/src/hnswscan.c index 1c53033..6ed8af5 100644 --- a/src/hnswscan.c +++ b/src/hnswscan.c @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ GetScanItems(IndexScanDesc scan, Datum value) ep = w; } - return HnswSearchLayer(base, q, ep, hnsw_ef_search, 0, index, support, m, false, NULL, &so->v, hnsw_iterative_scan != HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF ? &so->discarded : NULL, true, &so->tuples); + return HnswSearchLayer(base, q, ep, hnsw_ef_search, 0, index, support, m, false, NULL, &so->v, hnsw_iterative_search != HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF ? &so->discarded : NULL, true, &so->tuples); } /* @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ hnswgettuple(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanDirection dir) if (list_length(so->w) == 0) { - if (hnsw_iterative_scan == HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF) + if (hnsw_iterative_search == HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF) break; /* Empty index */ @@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ hnswgettuple(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanDirection dir) so->w = list_delete_last(so->w); /* Mark memory as free for next iteration */ - if (hnsw_iterative_scan != HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF) + if (hnsw_iterative_search != HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF) { pfree(element); pfree(sc); @@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ hnswgettuple(IndexScanDesc scan, ScanDirection dir) heaptid = &element->heaptids[--element->heaptidsLength]; - if (hnsw_iterative_scan == HNSW_ITERATIVE_SCAN_STRICT) + if (hnsw_iterative_search == HNSW_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_STRICT) { if (sc->distance < so->previousDistance) continue; diff --git a/src/ivfflat.c b/src/ivfflat.c index 9e8370f..3910c07 100644 --- a/src/ivfflat.c +++ b/src/ivfflat.c @@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ #endif int ivfflat_probes; -int ivfflat_iterative_scan; +int ivfflat_iterative_search; int ivfflat_max_probes; static relopt_kind ivfflat_relopt_kind; -static const struct config_enum_entry ivfflat_iterative_scan_options[] = { - {"off", IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, false}, - {"relaxed_order", IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_RELAXED, false}, +static const struct config_enum_entry ivfflat_iterative_search_options[] = { + {"off", IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, false}, + {"relaxed_order", IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_RELAXED, false}, {NULL, 0, false} }; @@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ IvfflatInit(void) "Valid range is 1..lists.", &ivfflat_probes, IVFFLAT_DEFAULT_PROBES, IVFFLAT_MIN_LISTS, IVFFLAT_MAX_LISTS, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); - DefineCustomEnumVariable("ivfflat.iterative_scan", "Sets the mode for iterative scans", - NULL, &ivfflat_iterative_scan, - IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, ivfflat_iterative_scan_options, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); + DefineCustomEnumVariable("ivfflat.iterative_search", "Sets the iterative search mode", + NULL, &ivfflat_iterative_search, + IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, ivfflat_iterative_search_options, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); /* If this is less than probes, probes is used */ - DefineCustomIntVariable("ivfflat.max_probes", "Sets the max number of probes for iterative scans", + DefineCustomIntVariable("ivfflat.max_probes", "Sets the max number of probes for iterative search", NULL, &ivfflat_max_probes, IVFFLAT_MAX_LISTS, IVFFLAT_MIN_LISTS, IVFFLAT_MAX_LISTS, PGC_USERSET, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL); diff --git a/src/ivfflat.h b/src/ivfflat.h index c296b66..91753c8 100644 --- a/src/ivfflat.h +++ b/src/ivfflat.h @@ -80,14 +80,14 @@ /* Variables */ extern int ivfflat_probes; -extern int ivfflat_iterative_scan; +extern int ivfflat_iterative_search; extern int ivfflat_max_probes; -typedef enum IvfflatIterativeScanMode +typedef enum IvfflatIterativeSearchMode { - IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF, - IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_RELAXED -} IvfflatIterativeScanMode; + IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF, + IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_RELAXED +} IvfflatIterativeSearchMode; typedef struct VectorArrayData { diff --git a/src/ivfscan.c b/src/ivfscan.c index eafb643..af232d3 100644 --- a/src/ivfscan.c +++ b/src/ivfscan.c @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ GetScanItems(IndexScanDesc scan, Datum value) } } - if (tuples < 100 && ivfflat_iterative_scan == IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF) + if (tuples < 100 && ivfflat_iterative_search == IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF) ereport(DEBUG1, (errmsg("index scan found few tuples"), errdetail("Index may have been created with little data."), @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ ivfflatbeginscan(Relation index, int nkeys, int norderbys) /* Get lists and dimensions from metapage */ IvfflatGetMetaPageInfo(index, &lists, &dimensions); - if (ivfflat_iterative_scan != IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SCAN_OFF) + if (ivfflat_iterative_search != IVFFLAT_ITERATIVE_SEARCH_OFF) maxProbes = Max(ivfflat_max_probes, probes); else maxProbes = probes; diff --git a/test/expected/hnsw_vector.out b/test/expected/hnsw_vector.out index 55a82ac..134292b 100644 --- a/test/expected/hnsw_vector.out +++ b/test/expected/hnsw_vector.out @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ DROP TABLE t; CREATE TABLE t (val vector(3)); INSERT INTO t (val) VALUES ('[0,0,0]'), ('[1,2,3]'), ('[1,1,1]'), (NULL); CREATE INDEX ON t USING hnsw (val vector_l2_ops); -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = strict_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = strict_order; SET hnsw.ef_search = 1; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; val @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; [0,0,0] (3 rows) -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; val --------- @@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; [0,0,0] (3 rows) -RESET hnsw.iterative_scan; +RESET hnsw.iterative_search; RESET hnsw.ef_search; DROP TABLE t; -- unlogged @@ -165,14 +165,14 @@ SET hnsw.ef_search = 0; ERROR: 0 is outside the valid range for parameter "hnsw.ef_search" (1 .. 1000) SET hnsw.ef_search = 1001; ERROR: 1001 is outside the valid range for parameter "hnsw.ef_search" (1 .. 1000) -SHOW hnsw.iterative_scan; - hnsw.iterative_scan ---------------------- +SHOW hnsw.iterative_search; + hnsw.iterative_search +----------------------- off (1 row) -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = on; -ERROR: invalid value for parameter "hnsw.iterative_scan": "on" +SET hnsw.iterative_search = on; +ERROR: invalid value for parameter "hnsw.iterative_search": "on" HINT: Available values: off, relaxed_order, strict_order. SHOW hnsw.max_search_tuples; hnsw.max_search_tuples diff --git a/test/expected/ivfflat_vector.out b/test/expected/ivfflat_vector.out index 5a6bc75..729eb58 100644 --- a/test/expected/ivfflat_vector.out +++ b/test/expected/ivfflat_vector.out @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ DROP TABLE t; CREATE TABLE t (val vector(3)); INSERT INTO t (val) VALUES ('[0,0,0]'), ('[1,2,3]'), ('[1,1,1]'), (NULL); CREATE INDEX ON t USING ivfflat (val vector_l2_ops) WITH (lists = 3); -SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; val --------- @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; [1,1,1] (2 rows) -RESET ivfflat.iterative_scan; +RESET ivfflat.iterative_search; RESET ivfflat.max_probes; DROP TABLE t; -- unlogged @@ -144,14 +144,14 @@ SET ivfflat.probes = 0; ERROR: 0 is outside the valid range for parameter "ivfflat.probes" (1 .. 32768) SET ivfflat.probes = 32769; ERROR: 32769 is outside the valid range for parameter "ivfflat.probes" (1 .. 32768) -SHOW ivfflat.iterative_scan; - ivfflat.iterative_scan ------------------------- +SHOW ivfflat.iterative_search; + ivfflat.iterative_search +-------------------------- off (1 row) -SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = on; -ERROR: invalid value for parameter "ivfflat.iterative_scan": "on" +SET ivfflat.iterative_search = on; +ERROR: invalid value for parameter "ivfflat.iterative_search": "on" HINT: Available values: off, relaxed_order. SHOW ivfflat.max_probes; ivfflat.max_probes diff --git a/test/sql/hnsw_vector.sql b/test/sql/hnsw_vector.sql index b2db0dd..3281758 100644 --- a/test/sql/hnsw_vector.sql +++ b/test/sql/hnsw_vector.sql @@ -63,14 +63,14 @@ CREATE TABLE t (val vector(3)); INSERT INTO t (val) VALUES ('[0,0,0]'), ('[1,2,3]'), ('[1,1,1]'), (NULL); CREATE INDEX ON t USING hnsw (val vector_l2_ops); -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = strict_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = strict_order; SET hnsw.ef_search = 1; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; -RESET hnsw.iterative_scan; +RESET hnsw.iterative_search; RESET hnsw.ef_search; DROP TABLE t; @@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ SHOW hnsw.ef_search; SET hnsw.ef_search = 0; SET hnsw.ef_search = 1001; -SHOW hnsw.iterative_scan; +SHOW hnsw.iterative_search; -SET hnsw.iterative_scan = on; +SET hnsw.iterative_search = on; SHOW hnsw.max_search_tuples; diff --git a/test/sql/ivfflat_vector.sql b/test/sql/ivfflat_vector.sql index 785fc6c..4c3ac1c 100644 --- a/test/sql/ivfflat_vector.sql +++ b/test/sql/ivfflat_vector.sql @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ CREATE TABLE t (val vector(3)); INSERT INTO t (val) VALUES ('[0,0,0]'), ('[1,2,3]'), ('[1,1,1]'), (NULL); CREATE INDEX ON t USING ivfflat (val vector_l2_ops) WITH (lists = 3); -SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; +SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; SET ivfflat.max_probes = 1; @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; SET ivfflat.max_probes = 2; SELECT * FROM t ORDER BY val <-> '[3,3,3]'; -RESET ivfflat.iterative_scan; +RESET ivfflat.iterative_search; RESET ivfflat.max_probes; DROP TABLE t; @@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ SHOW ivfflat.probes; SET ivfflat.probes = 0; SET ivfflat.probes = 32769; -SHOW ivfflat.iterative_scan; +SHOW ivfflat.iterative_search; -SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = on; +SET ivfflat.iterative_search = on; SHOW ivfflat.max_probes; diff --git a/test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_scan.pl b/test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_search.pl similarity index 93% rename from test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_scan.pl rename to test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_search.pl index 7c3dd91..6e0f721 100644 --- a/test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_scan.pl +++ b/test/t/041_ivfflat_iterative_search.pl @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ $node->safe_psql("postgres", "CREATE INDEX ON tst USING ivfflat (v vector_l2_ops my $count = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET ivfflat.probes = 10; - SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i % 10000 = 0 ORDER BY v <-> (SELECT v FROM tst LIMIT 1) LIMIT 11) t; )); is($count, 10); @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ foreach ((30, 50, 70)) $count = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET ivfflat.probes = 10; - SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SET ivfflat.max_probes = $max_probes; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i % 10000 = 0 ORDER BY v <-> (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i = $i) LIMIT 11) t; )); diff --git a/test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_scan_recall.pl b/test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_search_recall.pl similarity index 96% rename from test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_scan_recall.pl rename to test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_search_recall.pl index c697f94..b6844b5 100644 --- a/test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_scan_recall.pl +++ b/test/t/042_ivfflat_iterative_search_recall.pl @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ sub test_recall my $explain = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET ivfflat.probes = $probes; - SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT i FROM tst WHERE i % $c = 0 ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[0]' LIMIT $limit; )); like($explain, qr/Index Scan using idx on tst/); @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ sub test_recall my $actual = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET ivfflat.probes = $probes; - SET ivfflat.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET ivfflat.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SELECT i FROM tst WHERE i % $c = 0 ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[$i]' LIMIT $limit; )); my @actual_ids = split("\n", $actual); diff --git a/test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_scan.pl b/test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_search.pl similarity index 93% rename from test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_scan.pl rename to test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_search.pl index aa83fc6..ad0e681 100644 --- a/test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_scan.pl +++ b/test/t/043_hnsw_iterative_search.pl @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( my $count = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; - SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SET hnsw.max_search_tuples = 100000; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i % 10000 = 0 ORDER BY v <-> (SELECT v FROM tst LIMIT 1) LIMIT 11) t; )); @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ foreach ((30000, 50000, 70000)) { $count = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; - SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SET hnsw.max_search_tuples = $max_tuples; SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i % 10000 = 0 ORDER BY v <-> (SELECT v FROM tst WHERE i = $i) LIMIT 11) t; )); @@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ foreach ((30000, 50000, 70000)) my ($ret, $stdout, $stderr) = $node->psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; - SET hnsw.iterative_scan = relaxed_order; + SET hnsw.iterative_search = relaxed_order; SET client_min_messages = debug1; SET work_mem = '1MB'; SET hnsw.search_mem_multiplier = 1; diff --git a/test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_scan_recall.pl b/test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_search_recall.pl similarity index 97% rename from test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_scan_recall.pl rename to test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_search_recall.pl index 0543f5b..911fccb 100644 --- a/test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_scan_recall.pl +++ b/test/t/044_hnsw_iterative_search_recall.pl @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ sub test_recall my $explain = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET hnsw.ef_search = $ef_search; - SET hnsw.iterative_scan = $mode; + SET hnsw.iterative_search = $mode; EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT i FROM tst WHERE i % $c = 0 ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[0]' LIMIT $limit; )); like($explain, qr/Index Scan using idx on tst/); @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sub test_recall my $actual = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq( SET enable_seqscan = off; SET hnsw.ef_search = $ef_search; - SET hnsw.iterative_scan = $mode; + SET hnsw.iterative_search = $mode; SELECT i FROM tst WHERE i % $c = 0 ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[$i]' LIMIT $limit; )); my @actual_ids = split("\n", $actual);