Added support for IVFFlat [skip ci]

sql/vector.sql

@@ -266,6 +266,9 @@ COMMENT ON ACCESS METHOD hnsw IS 'hnsw index access method';
 CREATE FUNCTION ivfflat_halfvec_support(internal) RETURNS internal
 	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C;
 
+CREATE FUNCTION ivfflat_minivec_support(internal) RETURNS internal
+	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C;
+
 CREATE FUNCTION ivfflat_bit_support(internal) RETURNS internal
 	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C;
 
@@ -748,6 +751,9 @@ CREATE FUNCTION minivec_l2_squared_distance(minivec, minivec) RETURNS float8
 CREATE FUNCTION minivec_negative_inner_product(minivec, minivec) RETURNS float8
 	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE;
 
+CREATE FUNCTION minivec_spherical_distance(minivec, minivec) RETURNS float8
+	AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C IMMUTABLE STRICT PARALLEL SAFE;
+
 -- minivec cast functions
 
 CREATE FUNCTION minivec(minivec, integer, boolean) RETURNS minivec
@@ -887,6 +893,30 @@ CREATE OPERATOR CLASS minivec_ops
 	OPERATOR 5 > ,
 	FUNCTION 1 minivec_cmp(minivec, minivec);
 
+CREATE OPERATOR CLASS minivec_l2_ops
+	FOR TYPE minivec USING ivfflat AS
+	OPERATOR 1 <-> (minivec, minivec) FOR ORDER BY float_ops,
+	FUNCTION 1 minivec_l2_squared_distance(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 3 l2_distance(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 5 ivfflat_minivec_support(internal);
+
+CREATE OPERATOR CLASS minivec_ip_ops
+	FOR TYPE minivec USING ivfflat AS
+	OPERATOR 1 <#> (minivec, minivec) FOR ORDER BY float_ops,
+	FUNCTION 1 minivec_negative_inner_product(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 3 minivec_spherical_distance(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 4 l2_norm(minivec),
+	FUNCTION 5 ivfflat_minivec_support(internal);
+
+CREATE OPERATOR CLASS minivec_cosine_ops
+	FOR TYPE minivec USING ivfflat AS
+	OPERATOR 1 <=> (minivec, minivec) FOR ORDER BY float_ops,
+	FUNCTION 1 minivec_negative_inner_product(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 2 l2_norm(minivec),
+	FUNCTION 3 minivec_spherical_distance(minivec, minivec),
+	FUNCTION 4 l2_norm(minivec),
+	FUNCTION 5 ivfflat_minivec_support(internal);
+
 CREATE OPERATOR CLASS minivec_l2_ops
 	FOR TYPE minivec USING hnsw AS
 	OPERATOR 1 <-> (minivec, minivec) FOR ORDER BY float_ops,

src/ivfutils.c

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "halfutils.h"
 #include "halfvec.h"
 #include "ivfflat.h"
+#include "minivec.h"
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 
 /*
@@ -231,6 +232,7 @@ IvfflatUpdateList(Relation index, ListInfo listInfo,
 
 PGDLLEXPORT Datum l2_normalize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 PGDLLEXPORT Datum halfvec_l2_normalize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+PGDLLEXPORT Datum minivec_l2_normalize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 PGDLLEXPORT Datum sparsevec_l2_normalize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
 
 static Size
@@ -245,6 +247,12 @@ HalfvecItemSize(int dimensions)
 	return HALFVEC_SIZE(dimensions);
 }
 
+static Size
+MinivecItemSize(int dimensions)
+{
+	return MINIVEC_SIZE(dimensions);
+}
+
 static Size
 BitItemSize(int dimensions)
 {
@@ -275,6 +283,18 @@ HalfvecUpdateCenter(Pointer v, int dimensions, float *x)
 		vec->x[k] = Float4ToHalfUnchecked(x[k]);
 }
 
+static void
+MinivecUpdateCenter(Pointer v, int dimensions, float *x)
+{
+	MiniVector *vec = (MiniVector *) v;
+
+	SET_VARSIZE(vec, MINIVEC_SIZE(dimensions));
+	vec->dim = dimensions;
+
+	for (int k = 0; k < dimensions; k++)
+		vec->x[k] = Float4ToFp8Unchecked(x[k]);
+}
+
 static void
 BitUpdateCenter(Pointer v, int dimensions, float *x)
 {
@@ -309,6 +329,15 @@ HalfvecSumCenter(Pointer v, float *x)
 		x[k] += HalfToFloat4(vec->x[k]);
 }
 
+static void
+MinivecSumCenter(Pointer v, float *x)
+{
+	MiniVector *vec = (MiniVector *) v;
+
+	for (int k = 0; k < vec->dim; k++)
+		x[k] += Fp8ToFloat4(vec->x[k]);
+}
+
 static void
 BitSumCenter(Pointer v, float *x)
 {
@@ -357,6 +386,21 @@ ivfflat_halfvec_support(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	PG_RETURN_POINTER(&typeInfo);
 };
 
+FUNCTION_PREFIX PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(ivfflat_minivec_support);
+Datum
+ivfflat_minivec_support(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+	static const IvfflatTypeInfo typeInfo = {
+		.maxDimensions = IVFFLAT_MAX_DIM * 4,
+		.normalize = minivec_l2_normalize,
+		.itemSize = MinivecItemSize,
+		.updateCenter = MinivecUpdateCenter,
+		.sumCenter = MinivecSumCenter
+	};
+
+	PG_RETURN_POINTER(&typeInfo);
+};
+
 FUNCTION_PREFIX PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(ivfflat_bit_support);
 Datum
 ivfflat_bit_support(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

test/t/043_ivfflat_minivec_build_recall.pl

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings FATAL => 'all';
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster;
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Utils;
+use Test::More;
+
+my $node;
+my @queries = ();
+my @expected;
+my $limit = 20;
+my $dim = 10;
+my $array_sql = join(",", ('random()') x $dim);
+
+sub test_recall
+{
+	my ($probes, $min, $operator) = @_;
+	my $correct = 0;
+	my $total = 0;
+
+	my $explain = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq(
+		SET enable_seqscan = off;
+		SET ivfflat.probes = $probes;
+		EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT i FROM tst ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[0]' LIMIT $limit;
+	));
+	like($explain, qr/Index Scan using idx on tst/);
+
+	for my $i (0 .. $#queries)
+	{
+		my $actual = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq(
+			SET enable_seqscan = off;
+			SET ivfflat.probes = $probes;
+			SELECT i FROM tst ORDER BY v $operator '$queries[$i]' LIMIT $limit;
+		));
+		my @actual_ids = split("\n", $actual);
+
+		my @expected_ids = split("\n", $expected[$i]);
+		my %expected_set = map { $_ => 1 } @expected_ids;
+
+		foreach (@actual_ids)
+		{
+			if (exists($expected_set{$_}))
+			{
+				$correct++;
+			}
+		}
+
+		$total += $limit;
+	}
+
+	cmp_ok($correct / $total, ">=", $min, $operator);
+}
+
+# Initialize node
+$node = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('node');
+$node->init;
+$node->start;
+
+# Create table
+$node->safe_psql("postgres", "CREATE EXTENSION vector;");
+$node->safe_psql("postgres", "CREATE TABLE tst (i int4, v minivec($dim));");
+$node->safe_psql("postgres",
+	"INSERT INTO tst SELECT i, ARRAY[$array_sql] FROM generate_series(1, 100000) i;"
+);
+
+# Generate queries
+for (1 .. 20)
+{
+	my @r = ();
+	for (1 .. $dim)
+	{
+		push(@r, rand());
+	}
+	push(@queries, "[" . join(",", @r) . "]");
+}
+
+# Check each index type
+my @operators = ("<->", "<#>", "<=>");
+my @opclasses = ("minivec_l2_ops", "minivec_ip_ops", "minivec_cosine_ops");
+
+for my $i (0 .. $#operators)
+{
+	my $operator = $operators[$i];
+	my $opclass = $opclasses[$i];
+
+	# Get exact results
+	@expected = ();
+	foreach (@queries)
+	{
+		my $res = $node->safe_psql("postgres", qq(
+			WITH top AS (
+				SELECT v $operator '$_' AS distance FROM tst ORDER BY distance LIMIT $limit
+			)
+			SELECT i FROM tst WHERE (v $operator '$_') <= (SELECT MAX(distance) FROM top)
+		));
+		push(@expected, $res);
+	}
+
+	# Build index serially
+	$node->safe_psql("postgres", qq(
+		SET max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 0;
+		CREATE INDEX idx ON tst USING ivfflat (v $opclass);
+	));
+
+	# Test approximate results
+	if ($operator eq "<->")
+	{
+		# TODO Fix test (uniform random vectors all have similar inner product)
+		test_recall(1, 0.33, $operator);
+		test_recall(10, 0.93, $operator);
+	}
+
+	# Test probes equals lists
+	if ($operator eq "<=>")
+	{
+		test_recall(100, 0.30, $operator);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		test_recall(100, 1.00, $operator);
+	}
+
+	$node->safe_psql("postgres", "DROP INDEX idx;");
+
+	# Build index in parallel
+	my ($ret, $stdout, $stderr) = $node->psql("postgres", qq(
+		SET client_min_messages = DEBUG;
+		SET min_parallel_table_scan_size = 1;
+		CREATE INDEX idx ON tst USING ivfflat (v $opclass);
+	));
+	is($ret, 0, $stderr);
+	like($stderr, qr/using \d+ parallel workers/);
+
+	# Test approximate results
+	if ($operator eq "<->")
+	{
+		# TODO Fix test (uniform random vectors all have similar inner product)
+		test_recall(1, 0.33, $operator);
+		test_recall(10, 0.93, $operator);
+	}
+
+	# Test probes equals lists
+	if ($operator eq "<=>")
+	{
+		test_recall(100, 0.30, $operator);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		test_recall(100, 1.00, $operator);
+	}
+
+	$node->safe_psql("postgres", "DROP INDEX idx;");
+}
+
+done_testing();