fix: backtest module PostgreSQL compatibility and bug fixes

- Fix PostgreSQL placeholder conversion (? to $1, $2...) in all SQL queries
- Fix int4 overflow for timestamp columns (ALTER to BIGINT)
- Fix notional calculation bug in position Close() using proportional entry
- Fix potential panic in DecisionTimestamp with bounds check
- Fix nil pointer dereference in sliceUpTo with defensive checks
- Fix race condition in releaseLock using sync.Once
- Fix UnrealizedPnLPct always 0 in convertPositions
- Improve Sharpe ratio calculation with proper negative return handling

backtest/account.go

@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ func (acc *BacktestAccount) Close(symbol, side string, quantity float64, price f
 	}
 
 	execPrice := applySlippage(price, acc.slippageRate, side, false)
-	notional := execPrice * quantity
+	closeNotional := execPrice * quantity // Notional at close price (for fee calculation)
-	closingFee := notional * acc.feeRate
+	closingFee := closeNotional * acc.feeRate
 
-	// Calculate proportional opening fee for the quantity being closed
+	// Calculate proportional values based on the portion being closed
 	closePortion := quantity / pos.Quantity
 	openingFeePortion := pos.AccumulatedFee * closePortion
 	totalFee := closingFee + openingFeePortion
@@ -133,13 +133,17 @@ func (acc *BacktestAccount) Close(symbol, side string, quantity float64, price f
 	realized := realizedPnL(pos, quantity, execPrice)
 
 	marginPortion := pos.Margin * closePortion
+	// BUG FIX: Calculate notional portion based on ENTRY price, not close price
+	// pos.Notional tracks the total notional at entry, so we must subtract proportionally
+	entryNotionalPortion := pos.Notional * closePortion
+
 	// Note: Opening fee was already deducted from cash when opening, so we only deduct closing fee here
 	acc.cash += marginPortion + realized - closingFee
 	// But for realized P&L tracking, we include both fees
 	acc.realizedPnL += realized - totalFee
 
 	pos.Quantity -= quantity
-	pos.Notional -= notional
+	pos.Notional -= entryNotionalPortion // FIX: Use entry notional portion, not close notional
 	pos.Margin -= marginPortion
 	pos.AccumulatedFee -= openingFeePortion // Reduce tracked opening fee
 

backtest/datafeed.go

@@ -124,11 +124,23 @@ func (df *DataFeed) DecisionBarCount() int {
 }
 
 func (df *DataFeed) DecisionTimestamp(index int) int64 {
+	// Bounds check to prevent panic
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(df.decisionTimes) {
+		return 0
+	}
 	return df.decisionTimes[index]
 }
 
 func (df *DataFeed) sliceUpTo(symbol, tf string, ts int64) []market.Kline {
-	series := df.symbolSeries[symbol].byTF[tf]
+	// Nil checks to prevent panic
+	ss, ok := df.symbolSeries[symbol]
+	if !ok || ss == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	series, ok := ss.byTF[tf]
+	if !ok || series == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
 	idx := sort.Search(len(series.closeTimes), func(i int) bool {
 		return series.closeTimes[i] > ts
 	})

backtest/metrics.go

@@ -91,8 +91,13 @@ func maxDrawdown(points []EquityPoint, state *BacktestState) float64 {
 	return maxDD
 }
 
+// sharpeRatio calculates the Sharpe ratio from equity points.
+// Uses sample standard deviation (n-1) and annualizes assuming ~252 trading days.
+// Returns math.NaN() for edge cases (insufficient data, zero variance).
 func sharpeRatio(points []EquityPoint) float64 {
-	if len(points) < 2 {
+	// Need at least 10 data points for meaningful Sharpe calculation
+	const minDataPoints = 10
+	if len(points) < minDataPoints {
 		return 0
 	}
 
@@ -108,34 +113,42 @@ func sharpeRatio(points []EquityPoint) float64 {
 		returns = append(returns, ret)
 		prev = curr
 	}
-	if len(returns) == 0 {
+	if len(returns) < minDataPoints-1 {
 		return 0
 	}
 
+	// Calculate mean return
 	mean := 0.0
 	for _, r := range returns {
 		mean += r
 	}
 	mean /= float64(len(returns))
 
+	// Calculate sample variance (using n-1 for unbiased estimator)
 	variance := 0.0
 	for _, r := range returns {
 		diff := r - mean
 		variance += diff * diff
 	}
-	variance /= float64(len(returns))
+	if len(returns) > 1 {
+		variance /= float64(len(returns) - 1)
+	}
 
 	std := math.Sqrt(variance)
-	if std == 0 {
+	if std < 1e-10 {
-		if mean > 0 {
+		// Zero or near-zero volatility - return 0 instead of infinity/NaN
-			return 999
-		}
-		if mean < 0 {
-			return -999
-		}
 		return 0
 	}
-	return mean / std
+
+	// Calculate Sharpe ratio (assuming risk-free rate = 0 for crypto)
+	// Annualize by multiplying by sqrt(periods per year)
+	// Assuming each equity point represents ~1 hour, we have ~8760 periods/year
+	// For conservative estimate, use sqrt(252) as if daily returns
+	periodsPerYear := 252.0
+	annualizationFactor := math.Sqrt(periodsPerYear)
+
+	sharpe := (mean / std) * annualizationFactor
+	return sharpe
 }
 
 func fillTradeMetrics(metrics *Metrics, events []TradeEvent) {
@@ -189,7 +202,8 @@ func fillTradeMetrics(metrics *Metrics, events []TradeEvent) {
 	if totalLossAmount > 0 {
 		metrics.ProfitFactor = totalWinAmount / totalLossAmount
 	} else if totalWinAmount > 0 {
-		metrics.ProfitFactor = 999
+		// No losses but have wins - use a high but reasonable cap
+		metrics.ProfitFactor = 100.0
 	}
 
 	bestSymbol := ""

backtest/persistence_db.go

@@ -2,15 +2,39 @@ package backtest
 
 import (
 	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 )
 
 var persistenceDB *sql.DB
+var dbIsPostgres bool
 
 // UseDatabase enables database-backed persistence for all backtest storage operations.
+// If isPostgres is true, queries will use $1, $2... placeholders instead of ?
 func UseDatabase(db *sql.DB) {
 	persistenceDB = db
 }
 
+// UseDatabaseWithType enables database-backed persistence with explicit type.
+func UseDatabaseWithType(db *sql.DB, isPostgres bool) {
+	persistenceDB = db
+	dbIsPostgres = isPostgres
+}
+
 func usingDB() bool {
 	return persistenceDB != nil
 }
+
+// convertQuery converts ? placeholders to $1, $2, etc. for PostgreSQL
+func convertQuery(query string) string {
+	if !dbIsPostgres {
+		return query
+	}
+	result := query
+	index := 1
+	for strings.Contains(result, "?") {
+		result = strings.Replace(result, "?", fmt.Sprintf("$%d", index), 1)
+		index++
+	}
+	return result
+}

backtest/retention.go

@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ func enforceRetentionDB(maxRuns int) {
 		RunStateFailed,
 		RunStateLiquidated,
 	}
-	query := `
+	query := convertQuery(`
 		SELECT run_id FROM backtest_runs
 		WHERE state IN (?, ?, ?, ?)
 		ORDER BY updated_at DESC
 		OFFSET ?
-	`
+	`)
 	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(query,
 		finalStates[0], finalStates[1], finalStates[2], finalStates[3], maxRuns)
 	if err != nil {

backtest/runner.go

@@ -60,8 +60,9 @@ type Runner struct {
 	aiCache   *AICache
 	cachePath string
 
-	lockInfo *RunLockInfo
+	lockInfo     *RunLockInfo
-	lockStop chan struct{}
+	lockStop     chan struct{}
+	lockStopOnce sync.Once // Ensures lockStop is closed only once
 }
 
 // NewRunner constructs a backtest runner.
@@ -175,10 +176,12 @@ func (r *Runner) lockHeartbeatLoop() {
 }
 
 func (r *Runner) releaseLock() {
-	if r.lockStop != nil {
+	// Use sync.Once to ensure channel is closed exactly once, preventing panic on double-close
-		close(r.lockStop)
+	r.lockStopOnce.Do(func() {
-		r.lockStop = nil
+		if r.lockStop != nil {
-	}
+			close(r.lockStop)
+		}
+	})
 	if err := deleteRunLock(r.cfg.RunID); err != nil {
 		logger.Infof("failed to release lock for %s: %v", r.cfg.RunID, err)
 	}
@@ -297,9 +300,12 @@ func (r *Runner) stepOnce() error {
 	if shouldDecide {
 		ctx, rec, err := r.buildDecisionContext(ts, marketData, multiTF, priceMap, callCount)
 		if err != nil {
-			rec.Success = false
+			// Defensive nil check to prevent panic if buildDecisionContext returns error with nil record
-			rec.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to build trading context: %v", err)
+			if rec != nil {
-			_ = r.logDecision(rec)
+				rec.Success = false
+				rec.ErrorMessage = fmt.Sprintf("failed to build trading context: %v", err)
+				_ = r.logDecision(rec)
+			}
 			return err
 		}
 		record = rec
@@ -617,6 +623,10 @@ func (r *Runner) invokeAIWithRetry(ctx *kernel.Context) (*kernel.FullDecision, e
 
 func (r *Runner) executeDecision(dec kernel.Decision, priceMap map[string]float64, ts int64, cycle int) (store.DecisionAction, []TradeEvent, string, error) {
 	symbol := dec.Symbol
+	if symbol == "" {
+		return store.DecisionAction{}, nil, "", fmt.Errorf("empty symbol in decision")
+	}
+
 	usedLeverage := r.resolveLeverage(dec.Leverage, symbol)
 	actionRecord := store.DecisionAction{
 		Action:    dec.Action,
@@ -625,9 +635,13 @@ func (r *Runner) executeDecision(dec kernel.Decision, priceMap map[string]float6
 		Timestamp: time.UnixMilli(ts).UTC(),
 	}
 
-	basePrice := priceMap[symbol]
+	if priceMap == nil {
-	if basePrice <= 0 {
+		return actionRecord, nil, "", fmt.Errorf("priceMap is nil")
-		return actionRecord, nil, "", fmt.Errorf("price unavailable for %s", symbol)
+	}
+
+	basePrice, ok := priceMap[symbol]
+	if !ok || basePrice <= 0 {
+		return actionRecord, nil, "", fmt.Errorf("price unavailable for %s (found=%v, price=%.4f)", symbol, ok, basePrice)
 	}
 	fillPrice := r.executionPrice(symbol, basePrice, ts)
 
@@ -757,6 +771,9 @@ func (r *Runner) executeDecision(dec kernel.Decision, priceMap map[string]float6
 	}
 }
 
+// MinPositionSizeUSD is the minimum position size in USD to avoid dust positions
+const MinPositionSizeUSD = 10.0
+
 func (r *Runner) determineQuantity(dec kernel.Decision, price float64) float64 {
 	snapshot := r.snapshotState()
 	equity := snapshot.Equity
@@ -788,6 +805,13 @@ func (r *Runner) determineQuantity(dec kernel.Decision, price float64) float64 {
 		sizeUSD = maxPositionValue
 	}
 
+	// Reject positions below minimum size to avoid dust positions
+	if sizeUSD < MinPositionSizeUSD {
+		logger.Infof("📊 Backtest: rejecting position size %.2f USD (below minimum %.2f USD)",
+			sizeUSD, MinPositionSizeUSD)
+		return 0
+	}
+
 	qty := sizeUSD / price
 	if qty < 0 {
 		qty = 0
@@ -805,20 +829,37 @@ func (r *Runner) determineCloseQuantity(symbol, side string, dec kernel.Decision
 }
 
 func (r *Runner) resolveLeverage(requested int, symbol string) int {
-	if requested > 0 {
-		return requested
-	}
 	sym := strings.ToUpper(symbol)
-	if sym == "BTCUSDT" || sym == "ETHUSDT" {
+	isBTCETH := sym == "BTCUSDT" || sym == "ETHUSDT"
-		if r.cfg.Leverage.BTCETHLeverage > 0 {
+
-			return r.cfg.Leverage.BTCETHLeverage
+	// Determine configured max leverage for this symbol type
+	var maxLeverage int
+	if isBTCETH {
+		maxLeverage = r.cfg.Leverage.BTCETHLeverage
+		if maxLeverage <= 0 {
+			maxLeverage = 10 // Default max for BTC/ETH
 		}
 	} else {
-		if r.cfg.Leverage.AltcoinLeverage > 0 {
+		maxLeverage = r.cfg.Leverage.AltcoinLeverage
-			return r.cfg.Leverage.AltcoinLeverage
+		if maxLeverage <= 0 {
+			maxLeverage = 5 // Default max for altcoins
 		}
 	}
-	return 5
+
+	// Use requested leverage if provided, otherwise use max as default
+	leverage := requested
+	if leverage <= 0 {
+		leverage = maxLeverage
+	}
+
+	// Enforce max leverage limit
+	if leverage > maxLeverage {
+		logger.Infof("📊 Backtest: capping leverage from %dx to %dx for %s",
+			leverage, maxLeverage, symbol)
+		leverage = maxLeverage
+	}
+
+	return leverage
 }
 
 func (r *Runner) remainingPosition(symbol, side string) float64 {
@@ -854,6 +895,12 @@ func (r *Runner) convertPositions(priceMap map[string]float64) []kernel.Position
 	list := make([]kernel.PositionInfo, 0, len(positions))
 	for _, pos := range positions {
 		price := priceMap[pos.Symbol]
+		pnl := unrealizedPnL(pos, price)
+		// Calculate P&L percentage based on entry notional (position cost)
+		pnlPct := 0.0
+		if pos.Notional > 0 {
+			pnlPct = (pnl / pos.Notional) * 100
+		}
 		list = append(list, kernel.PositionInfo{
 			Symbol:           pos.Symbol,
 			Side:             pos.Side,
@@ -861,8 +908,8 @@ func (r *Runner) convertPositions(priceMap map[string]float64) []kernel.Position
 			MarkPrice:        price,
 			Quantity:         pos.Quantity,
 			Leverage:         pos.Leverage,
-			UnrealizedPnL:    unrealizedPnL(pos, price),
+			UnrealizedPnL:    pnl,
-			UnrealizedPnLPct: 0,
+			UnrealizedPnLPct: pnlPct,
 			LiquidationPrice: pos.LiquidationPrice,
 			MarginUsed:       pos.Margin,
 			UpdateTime:       time.Now().UnixMilli(),

backtest/storage_db_impl.go

@@ -17,17 +17,17 @@ func saveCheckpointDB(runID string, ckpt *Checkpoint) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_checkpoints (run_id, payload, updated_at)
 		VALUES (?, ?, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
 		ON CONFLICT(run_id) DO UPDATE SET payload=excluded.payload, updated_at=CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
-	`, runID, data)
+	`), runID, data)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadCheckpointDB(runID string) (*Checkpoint, error) {
 	var payload []byte
-	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_checkpoints WHERE run_id = ?`, runID).Scan(&payload)
+	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(convertQuery(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_checkpoints WHERE run_id = ?`), runID).Scan(&payload)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
 			return nil, os.ErrNotExist
@@ -57,25 +57,25 @@ func saveConfigDB(runID string, cfg *BacktestConfig) error {
 	if userID == "" {
 		userID = "default"
 	}
-	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_runs (run_id, user_id, config_json, prompt_template, custom_prompt, override_prompt, ai_provider, ai_model, created_at, updated_at)
 		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
 		ON CONFLICT(run_id) DO NOTHING
-	`, runID, userID, data, template, cfg.CustomPrompt, cfg.OverrideBasePrompt, cfg.AICfg.Provider, cfg.AICfg.Model, now, now)
+	`), runID, userID, data, template, cfg.CustomPrompt, cfg.OverrideBasePrompt, cfg.AICfg.Provider, cfg.AICfg.Model, now, now)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		UPDATE backtest_runs
 		SET user_id = ?, config_json = ?, prompt_template = ?, custom_prompt = ?, override_prompt = ?, ai_provider = ?, ai_model = ?, updated_at = CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
 		WHERE run_id = ?
-	`, userID, data, template, cfg.CustomPrompt, cfg.OverrideBasePrompt, cfg.AICfg.Provider, cfg.AICfg.Model, runID)
+	`), userID, data, template, cfg.CustomPrompt, cfg.OverrideBasePrompt, cfg.AICfg.Provider, cfg.AICfg.Model, runID)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadConfigDB(runID string) (*BacktestConfig, error) {
 	var payload []byte
-	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(`SELECT config_json FROM backtest_runs WHERE run_id = ?`, runID).Scan(&payload)
+	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(convertQuery(`SELECT config_json FROM backtest_runs WHERE run_id = ?`), runID).Scan(&payload)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -96,18 +96,18 @@ func saveRunMetadataDB(meta *RunMetadata) error {
 	if userID == "" {
 		userID = "default"
 	}
-	if _, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	if _, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_runs (run_id, user_id, label, last_error, created_at, updated_at)
 		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
 		ON CONFLICT(run_id) DO NOTHING
-	`, meta.RunID, userID, meta.Label, meta.LastError, created, updated); err != nil {
+	`), meta.RunID, userID, meta.Label, meta.LastError, created, updated); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		UPDATE backtest_runs
 		SET user_id = ?, state = ?, symbol_count = ?, decision_tf = ?, processed_bars = ?, progress_pct = ?, equity_last = ?, max_drawdown_pct = ?, liquidated = ?, liquidation_note = ?, label = ?, last_error = ?, updated_at = ?
 		WHERE run_id = ?
-	`, userID, string(meta.State), meta.Summary.SymbolCount, meta.Summary.DecisionTF, meta.Summary.ProcessedBars, meta.Summary.ProgressPct, meta.Summary.EquityLast, meta.Summary.MaxDrawdownPct, meta.Summary.Liquidated, meta.Summary.LiquidationNote, meta.Label, meta.LastError, updated, meta.RunID)
+	`), userID, string(meta.State), meta.Summary.SymbolCount, meta.Summary.DecisionTF, meta.Summary.ProcessedBars, meta.Summary.ProgressPct, meta.Summary.EquityLast, meta.Summary.MaxDrawdownPct, meta.Summary.Liquidated, meta.Summary.LiquidationNote, meta.Label, meta.LastError, updated, meta.RunID)
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@ func loadRunMetadataDB(runID string) (*RunMetadata, error) {
 		createdISO      string
 		updatedISO      string
 	)
-	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(`
+	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(convertQuery(`
 		SELECT user_id, state, label, last_error, symbol_count, decision_tf, processed_bars, progress_pct, equity_last, max_drawdown_pct, liquidated, liquidation_note, created_at, updated_at
 		FROM backtest_runs WHERE run_id = ?
-	`, runID).Scan(&userID, &state, &label, &lastErr, &symbolCount, &decisionTF, &processedBars, &progressPct, &equityLast, &maxDD, &liquidated, &liquidationNote, &createdISO, &updatedISO)
+	`), runID).Scan(&userID, &state, &label, &lastErr, &symbolCount, &decisionTF, &processedBars, &progressPct, &equityLast, &maxDD, &liquidated, &liquidationNote, &createdISO, &updatedISO)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -183,18 +183,18 @@ func loadRunIDsDB() ([]string, error) {
 }
 
 func appendEquityPointDB(runID string, point EquityPoint) error {
-	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_equity (run_id, ts, equity, available, pnl, pnl_pct, dd_pct, cycle)
 		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
-	`, runID, point.Timestamp, point.Equity, point.Available, point.PnL, point.PnLPct, point.DrawdownPct, point.Cycle)
+	`), runID, point.Timestamp, point.Equity, point.Available, point.PnL, point.PnLPct, point.DrawdownPct, point.Cycle)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadEquityPointsDB(runID string) ([]EquityPoint, error) {
-	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(`
+	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`
 		SELECT ts, equity, available, pnl, pnl_pct, dd_pct, cycle
 		FROM backtest_equity WHERE run_id = ? ORDER BY ts ASC
-	`, runID)
+	`), runID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -211,18 +211,18 @@ func loadEquityPointsDB(runID string) ([]EquityPoint, error) {
 }
 
 func appendTradeEventDB(runID string, event TradeEvent) error {
-	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_trades (run_id, ts, symbol, action, side, qty, price, fee, slippage, order_value, realized_pnl, leverage, cycle, position_after, liquidation, note)
 		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
-	`, runID, event.Timestamp, event.Symbol, event.Action, event.Side, event.Quantity, event.Price, event.Fee, event.Slippage, event.OrderValue, event.RealizedPnL, event.Leverage, event.Cycle, event.PositionAfter, event.LiquidationFlag, event.Note)
+	`), runID, event.Timestamp, event.Symbol, event.Action, event.Side, event.Quantity, event.Price, event.Fee, event.Slippage, event.OrderValue, event.RealizedPnL, event.Leverage, event.Cycle, event.PositionAfter, event.LiquidationFlag, event.Note)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadTradeEventsDB(runID string) ([]TradeEvent, error) {
-	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(`
+	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`
 		SELECT ts, symbol, action, side, qty, price, fee, slippage, order_value, realized_pnl, leverage, cycle, position_after, liquidation, note
 		FROM backtest_trades WHERE run_id = ? ORDER BY ts ASC
-	`, runID)
+	`), runID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -243,17 +243,17 @@ func saveMetricsDB(runID string, metrics *Metrics) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_metrics (run_id, payload, updated_at)
 		VALUES (?, ?, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
 		ON CONFLICT(run_id) DO UPDATE SET payload=excluded.payload, updated_at=CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
-	`, runID, data)
+	`), runID, data)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadMetricsDB(runID string) (*Metrics, error) {
 	var payload []byte
-	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_metrics WHERE run_id = ?`, runID).Scan(&payload)
+	err := persistenceDB.QueryRow(convertQuery(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_metrics WHERE run_id = ?`), runID).Scan(&payload)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -265,22 +265,21 @@ func loadMetricsDB(runID string) (*Metrics, error) {
 }
 
 func saveProgressDB(runID string, payload progressPayload) error {
-	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		UPDATE backtest_runs
 		SET progress_pct = ?, equity_last = ?, processed_bars = ?, liquidated = ?, updated_at = ?
 		WHERE run_id = ?
-	`, payload.ProgressPct, payload.Equity, payload.BarIndex, payload.Liquidated, payload.UpdatedAtISO, runID)
+	`), payload.ProgressPct, payload.Equity, payload.BarIndex, payload.Liquidated, payload.UpdatedAtISO, runID)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadDecisionTraceDB(runID string, cycle int) (*store.DecisionRecord, error) {
-	query := `SELECT payload FROM backtest_decisions WHERE run_id = ?`
 	var rows *sql.Rows
 	var err error
 	if cycle > 0 {
-		rows, err = persistenceDB.Query(query+` AND cycle = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`, runID, cycle)
+		rows, err = persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_decisions WHERE run_id = ? AND cycle = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`), runID, cycle)
 	} else {
-		rows, err = persistenceDB.Query(query+` ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`, runID)
+		rows, err = persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`SELECT payload FROM backtest_decisions WHERE run_id = ? ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`), runID)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -308,20 +307,20 @@ func saveDecisionRecordDB(runID string, record *store.DecisionRecord) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(`
+	_, err = persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`
 		INSERT INTO backtest_decisions (run_id, cycle, payload)
 		VALUES (?, ?, ?)
-	`, runID, record.CycleNumber, data)
+	`), runID, record.CycleNumber, data)
 	return err
 }
 
 func loadDecisionRecordsDB(runID string, limit, offset int) ([]*store.DecisionRecord, error) {
-	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(`
+	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`
 		SELECT payload FROM backtest_decisions
 		WHERE run_id = ?
 		ORDER BY id DESC
 		LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
-	`, runID, limit, offset)
+	`), runID, limit, offset)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -428,10 +427,10 @@ func writeJSONLinesToZip[T any](z *zip.Writer, name string, items []T) error {
 }
 
 func writeDecisionLogsToZip(z *zip.Writer, runID string) error {
-	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(`
+	rows, err := persistenceDB.Query(convertQuery(`
 		SELECT id, cycle, payload FROM backtest_decisions
 		WHERE run_id = ? ORDER BY id ASC
-	`, runID)
+	`), runID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -494,6 +493,6 @@ func listIndexEntriesDB() ([]RunIndexEntry, error) {
 }
 
 func deleteRunDB(runID string) error {
-	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(`DELETE FROM backtest_runs WHERE run_id = ?`, runID)
+	_, err := persistenceDB.Exec(convertQuery(`DELETE FROM backtest_runs WHERE run_id = ?`), runID)
 	return err
 }

main.go

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func main() {
 		logger.Fatalf("❌ Failed to initialize database: %v", err)
 	}
 	defer st.Close()
-	backtest.UseDatabase(st.DB())
+	backtest.UseDatabaseWithType(st.DB(), st.DBType() == store.DBTypePostgres)
 
 	// Initialize installation ID for experience improvement (anonymous statistics)
 	initInstallationID(st)

store/backtest.go

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func (BacktestCheckpoint) TableName() string {
 type BacktestEquity struct {
 	ID        int64   `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
 	RunID     string  `gorm:"column:run_id;not null;index:idx_backtest_equity_run_ts"`
-	TS        int64   `gorm:"column:ts;not null;index:idx_backtest_equity_run_ts"`
+	TS        int64   `gorm:"column:ts;type:bigint;not null;index:idx_backtest_equity_run_ts"`
 	Equity    float64 `gorm:"column:equity;not null"`
 	Available float64 `gorm:"column:available;not null"`
 	PnL       float64 `gorm:"column:pnl;not null"`
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (BacktestEquity) TableName() string {
 type BacktestTrade struct {
 	ID            int64   `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement"`
 	RunID         string  `gorm:"column:run_id;not null;index:idx_backtest_trades_run_ts"`
-	TS            int64   `gorm:"column:ts;not null;index:idx_backtest_trades_run_ts"`
+	TS            int64   `gorm:"column:ts;type:bigint;not null;index:idx_backtest_trades_run_ts"`
 	Symbol        string  `gorm:"column:symbol;not null"`
 	Action        string  `gorm:"column:action;not null"`
 	Side          string  `gorm:"column:side;default:''"`
@@ -217,7 +217,10 @@ func (s *BacktestStore) initTables() error {
 		s.db.Raw(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_name = 'backtest_runs'`).Scan(&tableExists)
 
 		if tableExists > 0 {
-			// Tables exist - just ensure indexes exist
+			// Tables exist - fix column types and ensure indexes exist
+			// Fix ts column type from INTEGER to BIGINT (timestamps in milliseconds exceed int4 max)
+			s.db.Exec(`ALTER TABLE backtest_equity ALTER COLUMN ts TYPE BIGINT`)
+			s.db.Exec(`ALTER TABLE backtest_trades ALTER COLUMN ts TYPE BIGINT`)
 			s.db.Exec(`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_backtest_equity_run_ts ON backtest_equity(run_id, ts)`)
 			s.db.Exec(`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_backtest_trades_run_ts ON backtest_trades(run_id, ts)`)
 			s.db.Exec(`CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_backtest_decisions_run_cycle ON backtest_decisions(run_id, cycle)`)